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Number of combined summer days (Tmax over 30°C) and tropical nights (Tmax over 20°C) per year (1987-2016 average), Jan. 2019

The dataset presents the average number of combined hot days - with maximum temperature over 30 degrees Celsius - and tropical nights - with minimum temperature over 20 degrees Celsius - in the period 1987-2016, for a series of individual European cities from Eurostat's Urban Audit 2011-2014 spatial dataset. The associated values are based on the E-OBS dataset from the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES ( http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com) and around 10,000 meteorological stations across Europe.



The combination of hot days and warm nights is particularly dangerous to human health, as the high temperatures during night time does not allow for the cities and buildings to cool down. Such combination, if lasting over several days (heatwaves) can have severe health implications or even be fatal to the elderly, babies or those in poor health. Therefore, the knowledge of the occurrence of such conditions in a given location can be useful in planning adaptation to the changing climate and protection of the vulnerable groups from heat.



This dataset has been used also in the EEA Report No 22/2018 "Unequal exposure and unequal impacts: social vulnerability to air pollution, noise and extreme temperatures in Europe" ( https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/unequal-exposure-and-unequal-impacts/at_download/file).

Simple

Date (Creation)
2019-01-12T00:00:00
Date (Publication)
2019-01-28T00:00:00
Edition

01.00

Citation identifier
metoffice_v_3857_100_k_days-tropical-nights_p_1987-2016_v01_r00

Point of contact

No information provided.
Maintenance and update frequency
Not planned
GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0
  • Meteorological geographical features
  • Atmospheric conditions
Keywords
    Keywords

      GEMET

      • climate

      • temperature change

      • temperature

      • climate change adaptation

      • climate change impact

      • health

      Continents, countries, sea regions of the world.

      • Switzerland

      • Iceland

      • Norway

      • United Kingdom

      • EU27 (from 2020)

      Spatial scope
      • European
      EEA topics
      • Climate adaptation

      Resource constraints

      No information provided.
      Access constraints
      Other restrictions
      Other constraints
      no limitations to public access
      Use constraints
      Other restrictions
      Other constraints

      The climate data associated to the individual cities are made freely available for academic, educational and commercial use, but use its must be acknowledged by inclusion of the following statement: "The ENSEMBLES data used in this dataset was funded by the EU FP6 Integrated Project ENSEMBLES (Contract number 505539), whose support is gratefully acknowledged". More information about the ENSEMBLES data policy is available here: http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com/docs/Ensembles_Data_Policy_261108.pdf.



      The geometry of the dataset is derived from the Urban Audit Cities 2011-2014 dataset is publicly available and can be used for non commercial purposes. The source and intellectual property have always to be acknowledged for the original data and for derived data. For the centroid geometry: (c) EuroGeographics.

      Spatial representation type
      Vector
      Denominator
      100000
      Distance
      0.25  deg
      Language of dataset
      English
      Topic category
      • Environment
      • Climatology, meteorology, atmosphere
      Begin date
      1987-01-01
      End date
      2016-12-31
      N
      S
      E
      W
      thumbnail




      Coordinate reference system identifier
      EPSG:3857
      Distribution format
      • GDB ( )

      • SHP ( )

      OnLine resource
      Protocol Linkage Name

      EEA:FOLDERPATH

      https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/metoffice_v_3857_100_k_days-tropical-nights_p_1987-2016_v01_r00/

      WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link

      https://climate-adapt.eea.europa.eu/en/knowledge/tools/urban-adaptation

      OGC:WMS

      https://climate.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/services/UAMV/Annual_Number_Hot_Days_Warm_Nights/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS

      ESRI:REST

      https://climate.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/UAMV/Annual_Number_Hot_Days_Warm_Nights/MapServer

      WWW:URL

      https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/d2e9771d-f7cc-41f9-8c04-4fbbfbff85f2

      Direct download

      Hierarchy level
      Dataset

      Conformance result

      Title

      Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services

      Date (Publication)
      2010-12-08
      Explanation

      See the referenced specification

      Statement

      The average number of combined summer days (Tmax over 30 degrees Celsius) and tropical nights (Tmin over 20 degrees Celsius) in the period 1987-2016 was calculated based on the E-OBS dataset, which is a gridded data with 0.25° spatial resolution, based on over 10,000 stations across Europe.



      E-OBS dataset is from the EU-FP6 project ENSEMBLES ( http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com), data is provided by the European Climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&D) project ( http://www.ecad.eu). Updated from Haylock, M. R., et al., 2008, ‘A European daily high-resolution gridded dataset of surface temperature and precipitation’, Journal of Geophysical Research 113, p. D20119 (DOI: doi:10.1029/2008JD10201). The ENSEMBLES data used in this dataset was funded by the EU FP6 Integrated Project ENSEMBLES (Contract number 505539), whose support is gratefully acknowledged.



      In allocating the temperature values to individual cities, Eurostat Urban Audit 2011-2014 spatial dataset ( https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata/reference-data/administrative-units-statistical-units/urban-audit) was used to identify the centroid. UA geometry was derived from Eurogeographics EuroBoundaryMap (EBM) v6 and 6.2. The value of the nearest-distance grid point to the city centroid was used as the value for that city.

      Metadata

      File identifier
      d2e9771d-f7cc-41f9-8c04-4fbbfbff85f2 XML
      Metadata language
      English
      Character set
      UTF8
      Hierarchy level
      Dataset
      Date stamp
      2021-09-02T12:04:33.153Z
      Metadata standard name

      ISO 19115/19139

      Metadata standard version

      1.0

      Metadata author
      Organisation name Individual name Electronic mail address Website Role

      European Environment Agency

      sdi@eea.europa.eu

      Point of contact
       
       
      Access to the catalogue
      Read here the full details and access to the data.

      Overviews

      overview

      Spatial extent

      thumbnail

      Keywords

      EEA topics

      Climate adaptation
      GEMET

      climate climate change adaptation climate change impact health temperature temperature change
      GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0

      Atmospheric conditions Meteorological geographical features
      Spatial scope

      European


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