country,achievements,achievements_trans,general_info,info_on_network,monitoring_schemes,protection_of_species,transpose_directive,spa_total_number,spa_total_area,spa_terrestrial_area,spa_marine_number,spa_marine_area,database_date,measures_applied_number,measures_applied_perc,measures_setout_number,measures_setout_perc,national_bird_atlas_title,national_bird_atlas_year,national_bird_atlas_reference,national_bird_redlist_title,national_bird_redlist_year,national_bird_redlist_reference
AT,"Ausweisung neuer SPAs
In Oberösterreich wurde im Berichtszeitraum das SPA AT3126000 “Welser Heide” ausgewiesen.
Wesentliche Erhebungsprojekte (Kartierungen, Zählungen, Monitoring)
Im Berichtszeitraum wurden für eine Reihe von Anhang 1-Vogelarten mit kleinen Brutbeständen und/oder lokaler Verbreitung u. a. die folgenden alljährlichen oder fast alljährlichen Monitoring-Programme durchgeführt: Zwergscharbe/Bgld; Rohrdommel/Bgld; Nachtreiher/Bgld, Oö; Seidenreiher/Bgld, Oö; Silberreiher/Bgld; Purpurreiher/Bgld; Weißstorch/alle Bundesländer mit Brutvorkommen; Löffler/Bgld; Rotmilan/Oö, Nö; Seeadler/Nö, Bgld; Bartgeier/österreichweit; Wiesenweihe/Nö, Bgld; Kaiseradler/Nö, Bgld; Rotfußfalke/Bgld; Sakerfalke/Bgld, Nö; Großtrappe/Nö, Bgld; Triel/Nö; Stelzenläufer/Bgld; Säbelschnäbler/Bgld; Seeregenpfeifer/Bgld; Mornellregenpfeifer/Sbg; Weißbart-Seeschwalbe/Bgld; Flussseeschwalbe /Bgld, Vbg; Schwarzkopfmöwe/Bgld; Habichtskauz/Ktn; Sumpfohreule/Bgld; Blauracke/Stmk; Brachpieper/Bgld; Schwarzstirnwürger/Bgld und Ortolan/T.
Für verschiedene weitere Anhang 1-Arten mit weiterer Verbreitung in Österreich gab es im Berichtszeitraum regionale oder lokale Erhebungsprojekte, so z. B. für die folgenden Arten: Uhu/Oö, Auer- und Birkhuhn/T, Wachtelkönig/Stmk und Blaukehlchen/Ktn, Sbg.
Österreichweite und regionale Monitoring-Programme für Zugvögel und sonstige Vogelarten betrafen (in Auswahl) z. B. Gänsesäger/Oö; Rotschenkel/Bgld; Uferschnepfe/Bgld; Zwergohreule/Bgld, Stmk, Ktn; Steinkauz/Bgld, Nö, Oö; Schleiereule/Bgld, Öo, Sbg; Raubwürger/Nö, Bienenfresser/Bgld, Nö; Neuntöter/Vbg und Braunkehlchen/Bgld, Sbg, Oö, T.
In den meisten Bundesländern wurden auch gebietsbezogene Erhebungsprojekte durchgeführt, so z. B. in Tirol Erhebungen von 2014-2017 für den Tiroler Brutvogelatlas, in der Steiermark eine Erhebung der Avifauna im SPA Hörfeld, in Salzburg Vogelkartierungen im Weidmoos (2018), im Bürmooser Moor (2018), in den Salzachauen im Rahmen eines LIFE-Projekts (2016), an den Pinzgauer Sonnenhängen (2017) sowie bundeslandweit in allen Wiesenbrütergebieten (2012-2013), in Kärnten in den Europaschutzgebieten Turnersee (2013), Obere Drau (2015), Görtschacher Moos (2014), Obermoos (2014) und Bleistätter Moor 2016, in Wien im Lainzer Tiergarten (2018) und im Burgenland alljährlich im Hanság (2013-2018).
LIFE-Projekte
Im Berichtszeitraum wurden bzw. werden acht LIFE bzw. LIFE+-Projekte durchgeführt, deren Maßnahmen ausschließlich oder zum Teil auf Vogelarten abzielten: In Niederösterreich und im Burgenland die Projekte LIFE09 NAT/AT/000225 „Grenzüberschreitender Schutz der Großtrappe in Österreich – Fortsetzung” vom 1.10.2010-31.12.2015, LIFE15 NAT/AT/000834 „Cross-border protection of the Great Bustard in Central Europe” vom 11.7.2016-31.12.2023 sowie LIFE15/NAT/HU/000902 „Pannoneagle“ in den Jahren 2016-2022. In Tirol das Projekt „LIFE Lech II“ (LIFE15 NAT/AT/000167) in den Jahren 2016-2021 (Flussuferläufer, Flussregenpfeifer, Eisvogel, Gänsesäger). In der Steiermark wurden die LIFE-Projekte „Ausseerland“ in den Jahren 2013-2018 und „Flussraumentwicklung Enns“ in den Jahren 2011-2015 durchgeführt. In Salzburg läuft von 2013-2019 das LIFE+-Projekt „Reason for hope – Wiederansiedlung des Waldrapp in Mitteleuropa“ sowie von 2015-2020 das LIFE Projekt „Salzachauen“ (u.a. für Auwaldvogelarten, Eisvogel u.a. Wasservögel).
Andere erfolgreiche Arten- und Gebietsschutzprojekte
Im Burgenland werden laufende Artenschutzprojekte zu Schleiereule, Steinkauz und Zwergohreule durchgeführt, in Niederösterreich läuft 2018-2020 ein „Artenschutzprojekt für gefährdete Vogelarten“, weiters liefen das Projekt „Schutz- und Pflegemaßnahmen sowie Monitoring im Lebensraum des Bienenfressers“, eine „Quantitative Absicherung der NÖ Habichtskauzpopulation“, „Erhaltungs- und Schutzmaßnahmen für den Triel 2011-2014“, „Artenschutz in Ackerbaugebieten mit Schwerpunkt Raubwürger im Waldviertel“ (2011-2013), „Lebensraum Wiesenbrüter“ (2011-2013), „Wiesenweihe Brutplatzsicherung 2011-2013“, „Sicherung des Lebensraumes von Steinkauz und Blutspecht“, und „Artensicherungsprogramm Wiesenbrüter in der zentralen Feuchten Ebene“. In Oberösterreich liefen Artenschutzprojekte für Wiesen- bzw. Kulturlandvogelkarten und für Steinkauz und Schleiereule, in Tirol wurde ein Aktionsplan Auerhuhn erstellt sowie „Vogelschutzmaßnahmen für Wiesenvögel in ausgewählten Projektgebieten (2015-2019) gesetzt; weiters wurde im Rahmen eines Praxishandbuchs für forstliche Maßnahmen „Schutz, Erhalt und Verbesserung der Vogellebensräume im Karwendel“ betrieben und hier ebenfalls das Projekt „Schutz der Flussuferläuferpopulation des Isarflusssystems im Alpenpark Karwendel 2013-2018“ durchgeführt. In Kärnten wird das Projekt „Höhlenbrütende Vogelarten der Kulturlandschaft 2018-2020 umgesetzt, in der Steiermark laufen Artenschutzprojekte für Blauracke und Weißstorch. In Salzburg wurden im Gaulmösl und im ESG Obertauern Maßnahmen für das Rotsternige Blaukehlchen gesetzt, laufende Biotopschutzmaßnahmen für Wiesenbrüter gibt es u.a. in den folgenden Gebieten: Wallersee, Oichtenriede, Obertrumersee, Zeller See, Freimoos, Adneter Moos, Fuschlseemoor, Blinklingmoos, Weidmoos, Bürmooser Moor, ein Artenschutzprojekt für das Braunkehlchen läuft schwerpunktmäßig im Lungau.
Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
In Niederösterreich wurden als Teil von Artenschutzprojekten Folder über Raubwürger und über Sutten in der zentralen Feuchten Ebene herausgegeben. In Tirol gab es 2015-2019 Informationsmaßnahmen (Vorträge, Infotafeln) unter Einbindung der Landwirtschaftskammer zum Wiesenvogelschutz in ausgewählten Projektgebieten, in Wien lief Öffentlichkeitsarbeit zu Mauersegler und Mehlschwalbe, in Salzburg wurde eine Kampagne zu prioritären Arten (Kiebitz, Feldlerche, Braunkehlchen) durchgeführt, weiters wurde hier im Weidmoos ein barrierefreier Themenweg eingerichtet und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit zum Bartgeierprojekt und für die LIFE Projekte „Salzachauen“ und „Reason for Hope“ betrieben, sowie Schutzzonen an Wallersee und Trumerseen (Wasservögel) bzw. im Tauglgries (Kiesbankbrüter) u. a. via Folder kommuniziert.",,www.ris.bka.gv.at,www.geoland.at,"Austrian Common Bird Census, Austrian Winter Waterfowl Count, Austrian White Stork monitoring:
https://www.birdlife.at/page/monitoring
https://www.tirol.gv.at/umwelt/naturschutz/publikationen
http://noe.gv.at/noe/Naturschutz/Naturschutzprojekte.html","Great Bustard conservation www.grosstrappe.at
Bearded Vulture reintroduction https://hohetauern.at/de/forschung/greifvogelmonitoring.html
www.wiesenkoenigreich.at
www.wildundkultiviert.at
www.weidmoos.at
www.life-salzachauen.at
www.waldrapp.eu
https://www.wien.gv.at/umweltschutz/naturschutz/biotop/mauersegler.html
https://www.wien.gv.at/umweltschutz/naturschutz/biotop/mehlschwalbe.html
https://habichtskauz.at/",www.ris.bka.gv.at,100,10174.3,10174.3,0,0,31-10-2018,59,43.2,80,53.1,,,,"Rote Liste der Brutvögel Österreichs (5. Fassung)
Microsoft Access
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[6.2.1. Title or similar plus short description] can't be Null, enter a value!


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OK",2017,Egretta 55: 6-42
BE,"FLEMISH REGION
1)	Instandhoudingsdoelen (2014-2016)
•	Vaststelling op 23/04/14 door de Vlaamse regering van de aanwijzingsbesluiten voor 20 SBZ-V gebieden, met instandhoudingsdoelen (IHD) en prioritaire inspanningen (PI). In 2016 werden de S-IHD voor ‘BE2300222 De Kuifeend en Blokkersdijk – deel De Kuifeend’, ‘BE2301336 Schorren en polders van de Beneden-Schelde’ en ‘BE2217310 Bocholt, Hechtel-Eksel, Meeuwen-Gruitrode, Neerpelt en Peer’ definitief goedgekeurd. Enkel voor de S-IHD IJzervallei zijn de S-IHD en PI nog niet vastgelegd.
•	Samen met deze besluiten werd ook de werkwijze voor de implementatie op hoofdlijnen vastgelegd, met de wijzigingen aan de wetgeving die nodig waren om hieraan uitvoering te geven.
2)	Planningsinstrumenten
a)	Vlaams Natura 2000-programma (2017)
•	Doorlopend: consultatie van belanghebbenden op Vlaams niveau (overheden en belangengroepen) over de ontwikkeling en uitvoering van het instandhoudingsbeleid
•	Vaststelling op 14/07/17 door de Vlaamse regering van het Vlaams Natura 2000-programma (VN2000P), eerste planperiode 2016-2020, als planmatig kader op Vlaams niveau voor de realisatie van de IHD.
b)	Managementplannen Natura 2000 (2018)
•	Consultatie van belanghebbenden op lokaal (SBZ) niveau in de periode januari – juli 2015 over de stand van zaken en planning van acties voor de realisatie van de IHD in elke SBZ in overlegplatforms (overheden en belangengroepen) (in totaal ca. 800 deelnemers).
•	Ontwerp managementplannen Natura 2000 (MP) voor de planperiode 2018-2024 werden opgemaakt tegen 22/03/2018 voor de SBZ-H gebieden en de overlappende SBZ-V. Voor 5 SBZ-V gebieden werden de ontwerp MP overgemaakt aan het kabinet van de bevoegde minister voor verdere besluitvorming in functie van de goedkeuringsprocedure. Deze werd echter niet opgestart.
c)	Soortenbeschermingsprogramma’s (2014-2018)
In de periode 2014-2018 werden door de bevoegde minister 17 soortenbeschermings-programma’s vastgesteld waarvan 6 voor vogelsoorten (kwartelkoning, grauwe kiekendief, roerdomp, grauwe klauwier, bruine kiekendief en porseleinhoen) die op de Annex I lijst van de Vogelrichtlijn staan. 
d)	Handhaving
Gedurende de periode 2013-2018 werden door Natuurinspectie gerichte handhavingsacties uitgevoerd m.b.t. vangen, houden of doden van inheemse vogels. Het aantal dode roofvogels die door het ANB geregistreerd werd kende een duidelijke daling t.o.v. het begin van de registratie in 2006.
3)	Uitvoering op terrein (2013-2018)
a)	Grondverwerving (2014-2018)
Cijfers zijn enkel beschikbaar voor de periode 2014-2018. Daarin werden 2547,30 ha aankopen verricht in functie van de realisatie van IHD, waarvan 2084,30 door het ANB en 463 door NGO’s. 
b)	Beheer
De oppervlakte in beheer zijn enkel berekend voor SBZ-H en overlappende SBZ-V gebieden en opgenomen in de natuurdoelenlaag (GIS). Voor de andere oppervlakten in SBZ-V zijn de cijfers berekend gebaseerd op verschillende lagen (onder andere de patrimoniumdatabank, de laag van erkende natuurreservaten en de goedgekeurde beheerplannen). Er bestaat echter een discrepantie tussen de gegevens in de verschillende databanken waardoor er een grote foutenmarge zit op de beschikbare informatie. Daarom werd hier geopteerd om enkel globale gegevens te tonen. Het beheer van habitats geeft een indicatie over het terreinbeheer in functie van vogelsoorten daar veel habitats een leefgebied vormen voor soorten.
ANB: 26131 ha
NGO: 7062 ha
Openbaar: 373 ha
Privé(met beheerplan): 5560 ha
*ANB: Agentschap Natuur en Bos, *Openbaar: openbare besturen, *NGO’s: in Vlaanderen erkende terreinbeherende verenigingen (Natuurpunt, Stichting Limburgs Landschap, vzw Durme)

c)	Inrichting
i)	Projectsubsidie Natuur (PSN)
De jaarlijkse oproep voor éénmalige of in tijd beperkte maatregelen voor de realisatie van IHD door private eigenaars, openbare besturen en NGO’s leidde tot onderstaand aantal projecten en toegekend budget. Sinds 2014 komt een deel van het budget uit Europese steun via het plattelandsbeleid. De meeste projecten betreffen habitat herstel en inrichten leefgebied; sinds 2014 werden in 46 projecten werd er specifiek verwezen naar de meerwaarde voor Europees te beschermen vogelsoorten.
PSN         2013              2014               2015                 2016                  2017                  2018
Aantal     13                  28                   34                      25                       54                      65
Totaal   € 329.680     € 771.502       € 1.445.542     € 1.435.109     € 3.082.394     € 6.707.954
PDPO        0                 € 258.510       € 593.159        € 459.577         € 719.894        € 2.139.400

ii)	Natuurinrichtingsprojecten 
In de periode 2013-2018 waren 22 natuurinrichtingsprojecten in uitvoering voor een totale oppervlakte van 9.689 ha. In totaal werd hiervoor een budget van 10.692.788,52€ voorzien.

d)	Projecten met Europese subsidie
12 goedgekeurde LIFE-projecten en 2 INTERREG-projecten droegen bij aan de verbetering van de staat van instandhouding van de Europees te beschermen vogelsoorten. Het totale voorziene LIFE budget voor de 12 projecten is 67.443.179,00 €, waarvan 37.887.295,00 € cofinanciering uit het LIFE-programma. Terwijl ANB voor de uitvoering van 2 INTERREG-projecten kon steunen op 198.000 € aan Europese cofinanciering. De Provincie West-Vlaanderen, VLM en de Regionale landschappen IJzer&Polder en West-Vlaamse Heuvels werken met Franstalige partners op het INTERREG project ‘Tous Eco-Citoyens’ o.a. aan acties voor de grauwe gors (het totaal budget van het project bedraagt 1.999.771,41€ waarvan 999.855,68 € cofinanciering door Europa.

4)	Samenwerking
Voor de realisatie van Natura 2000 is de opzet van samenwerking met andere overheden en doelgroepen cruciaal. In het kader van het IHD-proces werd de opmaak van engagementen met de diverse actoren opgestart en onderhouden. 

5)	Soortenbesluit (2016)
De aanpassing van het Soortenbesluit in 2016 zorgde voor het opheffen van interpretatie-, handhavings- of uitvoeringsmoeilijkheden. Aanvullend wordt een extra hoofdstuk en bijhorende bijlage voorzien ter bepaling van bestrijdingsmogelijkheden voor uitheemse soorten in uitvoering van de Europese verordening 1143/2014,met focus op preventie, snelle respons en beheersing. 

6)	Monitoring en evaluatie
Een monitoringsnetwerk is opgebouwd voor habitattypes, soorten van de Habitatrichtlijn, broedende en overwinterende vogelsoorten en de milieuomstandigheden. De voortgang van alle geplande, lopende of uitgevoerde acties voor de realisatie IHD bijgehouden in een speciaal hiervoor in ontwikkeling zijnde (geo)databank, gekoppeld aan het VN2000P, het MP en de soortenbeschermingsprogramma’s. Daar waar de monitoring leidt tot onverklaarbare resultaten kan prioritair gekozen worden voor wetenschappelijk onderzoek.

BRUSSELS REGION
Daar er slechts zeer weinig Bijlage I soorten van de vogelrichtlijn in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest aanwezig zijn en deze in erg geringe aantallen voorkomen, zijn er geen speciale beschermingszones (SPA/ZPS) ingesteld voor vogels. In het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest werden echter wel habitatrichtlijngebieden afgebakend.

Juridische maatregelen werden genomen op het vlak van:
- De Ordonnantie betreffende het Natuurbehoud (1/3/2012). Alle Europese vogelsoorten genieten een strikte bescherming. Jachtverbod blijft van kracht.
- Publicatie van aanwijzingsbesluiten voor drie SBZ’s waarin instandhoudingsdoelstellingen worden beschreven voor soorten van communautair en gewestelijk belang + natuurdoelen (https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/acties-van-het-gewest/natura-2000-0-)
- Besluit van de Brusselse Hoofdstedelijke Regering betreffende een toezichtsschema voor de monitoring van de staat van de natuur in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (25/10/2018). (Link: http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/wet/wet.htm) 
- Opmaak van beheerplannen voor HRL-gebieden, met aandacht voor het behoud van dood hout en de bevordering van het natuurlijke rijpingsproces van bossen. https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/acties-van-het-gewest/natura-2000-0

Concrete maatregelen op het terrein werden genomen:
1) Voor broedvogels. Algemene natuurvriendelijke maatregelen worden toegepast opdat de kwaliteit van habitats kan toenemen en vogels daardoor succesvol kunnen broeden. In sterk verstedelijkte delen van het Brussels gewest worden aanvullende inspanningen gedaan dmv het plaatsen van kunstnesten, bijvoorbeeld voor slechtvalk, huiszwaluw en gierzwaluw.
2) Aandacht voor natuurvriendelijk beheer van het blauw netwerk resulteert in natuurlijke oevers en in de verbeterende waterkwaliteit. Dit heeft een positieve impact op overwinterende (water)vogels.
3) Aandacht voor de versterking van een ecologisch netwerk kan ook trekvogels ten goede komen, als ijkpunten tijdens de trek of als rust- of foerageergebieden.
4) jaarlijks worden beheerinspanningen gedaan om populaties van invasieve exoten te controleren. Canadese ganzen worden actief beheerd door nestcontrole en afvangen van adulten tijdens de ruiperiode. Voor Nijlganzen wordt een beheerstrategie uitgewerkt.
5) Gerichte handhavingsacties door inspectiediensten m.b.t. het vangen, houden of doden van inheemse vogels
6) het respecteren van het voederverbod in gewestelijke en gemeentelijke groene ruimten (Link: https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/de-biodiversiteit/mag-men-het-wild-levende-dieren-voederen). 
Een belangrijk document betreffende de concrete maatregelen ten voordele van natuur in het Brussels Gewest, is het Brusselse natuurplan (Bron: https://leefmilieu.brussels/natuurplan). 

Monitoring en rapportering:
De algemene toestand van de avifauna in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest wordt op vraag van Leefmilieu Brussel opgevolgd door AVES, in de vorm van jaarlijkse overheidsopdrachten. Zowel langlopende monitoringprojecten als eenmalige inventarisaties komen aan bod. Hieronder worden de belangrijkste pijlers van dit onderzoek kort besproken:
- Sinds 1992 worden trends van algemene broedvogels gemonitord d.m.v. de methode van de luisterpunten. 
- Jaarlijks worden enkele bijzondere broedvogels opgevolgd. Het gaat bijvoorbeeld om koloniebroeders zoals de huis-, boeren- en gierzwaluw, of om verwilderde watervogels en invasieve exoten. Bij deze laatste behoort de monitoring van de slaapplaatsen van Halsbandparkieten.
- Jaarlijks wordt een gebiedsdekkende watervogeltelling georganiseerd tijdens de winter. Bijzondere aandacht gaat uit naar slaapplaatsen van Aalscholvers.
- In 2012 werd een eerste Brusselse natuurrapport opgemaakt, met aandacht voor de vogels als soortengroep (Link: http://document.leefmilieu.brussels/opac_css/elecfile/RapportNature_def_NL.PDF?langtype=2067)

De wetenschappelijke opvolging van trekvogels a.d.h.v. ringwerk wordt in België gecoördineerd door het KBIN - Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen en wordt in het Brussels Gewest hoofdzakelijk uitgevoerd door de COWB (Commission Ornithologique de Watermael-Boitsfort). Specifieke ringactiviteiten van broedende slechtvalken wordt uitgevoerd door het KBIN.

Soortendatabank. 
Sinds 2009 beschikt het Brussels Gewest over een centrale soortendatabank, die alle waarnemingen van dier-, planten- en paddenstoelensoorten samenbrengt. Het gaat om waarnemingen die worden verzameld in het kader van overheidsopdrachten of subsidieprojecten van Leefmilieu Brussel. Deze waarnemingen worden aangevuld met losse, niet-projectgebonden waarnemingen die worden verkregen via www.bru.waarnemingen.be.

Communicatie en sensibilisatie, ter verbreding van het draagvlak onder de Brusselaars.
Om de eutrofiëring van vijvers, de proliferatie van verwilderde watervogels en vervuiling stegen te gaan, wordt sinds 2015 een campagne uitgevoerd door Leefmilieu betreffende het voederverbod van wilde dieren. Er werden opleidingen gegeven voor terreinpersoneel, er werd een folder gemaakt en animaties werden georganiseerd in de parken. Link: https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/de-biodiversiteit/mag-men-het-wild-levende-dieren-voederen
Het centrale communicatiekanaal van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest is de website van Leefmilieu Brussel. https://leefmilieu.brussels
Over natuur en biodiversiteit, en vogels in het bijzonder, worden vaak brochures en flyers opgemaakt. Link: https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/de-biodiversiteit
Film & video. Occasioneel kan Leefmilieu Brussel meewerken aan documentaires en films rond natuur en biodiversiteit, zoals:
-	Bruxelles sauvages (2015, Bernard Crutzen).


WALLOON REGION
1) Période 2013-2018 : 
Désignation des zones spéciales de conservation, adoption des objectifs de conservation, adoption des indemnités compensatoires, adoption des mesures agro-environnementales, adoption du programme wallon de développement rural et du PAF, préparation des outils de gestion en concertation avec les parties prenantes, restauration et gestion des sites, communication et sensibilisation, gestion stratégique via le projet intégré belge, monitoring des espèces. 

2) Désignation des ZSC et ZPS 
Lien : http://environnement.wallonie.be/

Au 1er décembre 2016, les 240 sites Natura 2000 de la Région wallonne bénéficient chacun d'un arrêté de désignation. Ces AD définissent les éléments biologiques et la cartographie. Les mesures de conservation destinées à éviter la détérioration de l'état de conservation au niveau du site sont définies dans l’arrêté du Gouvernement wallon ""Mesures générales"" (mesures de conservation applicables sur l'ensemble du réseau Natura 2000) et dans l’AGW""Catalogue"" (mesures relatives aux unités de gestion) datant de 2011. 

Le réseau Natura 2000 est considéré comme complet pour le moment. Seuls quelques changements marginaux, liés au processus dynamique de consultation, de restauration et de gestion, de projets Life et d'actes administratifs (permis, autorisation Natura ...) sont effectués sur les périmètres. Le système wallon ne fait qu'une distinction théorique entre ZPS et ZSC. Les 3 cas existants sur les 240 sites wallons sont répartis comme suit: 
• 1 site exclusivement ZPS; 
• 12 sites exclusivement ZSC (SCI); 
• 227 sites combinant les deux. 

En pratique, tous les sites Natura 2000 sont gérés à l'aide des mêmes outils juridiques (voir ci-dessus), qu'il s'agisse de ZPS, de ZSC ou d'une combinaison des deux. La superficie du réseau est officiellement de 221 811,24 ha, soit environ 13% du territoire wallon. 

3) Objectifs de conservation 
Le 1er décembre 2016, le Gouvernement wallon a adopté les objectifs de conservation des HIC, des EIC et des oiseaux tant au niveau régional qu’au niveau des sites Natura 2000. 
Lien : 
http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/consnat/natura170.html 

4) Indemnités et subventions 
En concertation avec les parties prenantes, la GW a adopté le 14 juillet 2016, un texte relatif à l’indemnisation financière des pertes de revenus occasionnés par les contraintes imposées par les mesures de conservation Natura 2000. 
Lien : 
http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/consnat/natura161.html

5) Mesures agro-environnementales 
En date du 3 septembre 2015, le texte relatif aux mesures agro-environnementales a été adopté par le Gouvernement wallon. Ces mesures participent de manière significative à la mise en oeuvre Natura 2000 notamment la gestion des milieux prairiaux. Les mesures offrent également au sein comme en dehors du réseau des habitats de nidification ou de nourrissage aux oiseaux Natura 2000.  
Lien :  http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/agriculture/aides/aide066.htm

6) Programme wallon de développement rural : restauration et gestion 
La Wallonie dispose d’un programme de développement rural établi sur base du FEADER. Il a été approuvé par la Commission européenne le 20 juillet 2015. Les principales mesures activées pour contribuer au financement de Natura 2000 sont : 
M7 Basic services & village renewal in rural areas (art. 20 du Règlement), M10 Agri-environment climate measures (art. 28 du Règlement), M12 Natura 2000 payments (art. 30 du Règlement)
Lien :https://agriculture.wallonie.be/documents/20182/21864/PwDR_version+23+mars+2017+-+approuv%C3%A9e+11+avril+2017.pdf/cea93a98-0898-4879-b2cf-fcc754ab6840
 
7) PAF 
Le Cadre d’actions prioritaires pour Natura 2000 a été établi en référence à l’article 8 de la Directive Habitats. Les principales actions ont pu être ou seront mises en œuvre via les projets Life, le FEADER et d’autres outils nationaux de financement. Ces actions concerneront des habitats Natura 2000 mais également des habitats d’espèces et dans de nombreux cas, d’oiseaux Natura 2000. 
Lien : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/protection-et-restauration.html?IDC=835
 
8) Life intégré 
Le 1er décembre 2015, la Belgique a obtenu un Life intégré, nouvel outil de financement lancé durant cette période. Trois des quatre entités belges se sont donc associées pour développer ensemble des stratégies, objectifs, actions et moyens pour optimiser la mise en oeuvre des directives nature de l’UE dont la Directive Oiseau 2009/147.  
Lien : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/bnip.html?IDC=6175
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/life-integre.html?IDC=6006

9) Plans de gestion et plans d’action 
Les plans de gestion et d’action des 240 sites Natura 2000 wallons sont développés dans le cadre de ce Life intégré. Au cours de cette période, 61 plans de gestion pilotes sont disponibles, 179 sont en cours de rédaction. Des plans d’action sont également en cours et concernent spécifiquement 5 espèces d’oiseaux des roselières et deux espèces de Busards : Busard cendré et Busard Saint Martin.

Lien : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/plans-de-gestion.html?IDC=6177
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/plans-d-action.html?IDC=6176
 
10) Monitoring des espèces d’oiseaux.
Parallèlement, la convention « Support à l’Application de la Directive Oiseaux » passée entre le Service public et l’association Aves-Natagora permet depuis 2007 de valoriser l'acquis du réseau d'ornithologues bénévoles et l'expertise du Département Etudes (Centrale ornithologique) d'Aves-Natagora dans le cadre des différentes obligations de l’administration face à l’application de la Directive Oiseaux :
•	contribuer à la mise en place du monitoring global des oiseaux wallons, notamment par la mise au point d'une méthode de suivi des espèces rares ou localisées (incluant les espèces Natura 2000) et ainsi appuyer la Région dans son obligation de rapportage (Article 12 de la Directive Oiseaux) ; 
•	poursuivre le programme de suivi des oiseaux communs en Wallonie (SOCWAL) et ainsi appuyer la Région dans son obligation de rapportage (Article 12 de la Directive Oiseaux); 
•	contribuer au suivi de l’état de conservation des populations d’oiseaux dans les sites Natura 2000 notamment grâce au réseau d’observateurs et par la collecte sur le terrain des compléments d'information nécessaires et ainsi appuyer la Région dans son obligation de mise à jour des formulaires standards de données (Standard Data Forms – SDF). 

FEDERAL
The existing legal framework was improved by the adoption of the new Royal Decree of 27 October 2016 clarifying the procedures for the implementation of Natura 2000 (I.a. the selection, designation, management and monitoring of protected areas as well as the procedure for the implementation of the appropriate assessment).  
Conservation objectives for the marine protected areas were adopted by the Ministerial Decree of 2 February 2017.
Management plans were prepared and a public consultation about these  plans was organized from 2 May 2017 until 30 June 2017. Based on the received reaction, the management plans were revised and the State Secretary of North Sea adopted the final management plans on the 19th of February 2018.","Flemish region
1)	Conservation goals (2014-2016)
• Adoption on 23/04/14 by the Flemish government of the designation decisions for 20 Special Protection Areas for Birds (SPA-B), with conservation objectives (IHD) and priority efforts (PI). In 2016, the S-IHD for 'BE2300222 De Kuifeend and Blokkersdijk -  De Kuifeend', 'BE2301336 Schorren en polders van de Beneden Schelde’ and 'BE2217310 Bocholt, Hechtel-Eksel, Gullrode-Gruitrode, Neerpelt and Peer' were finally approved . Only for the S-IHD IJzervallei, the S-IHD and PI are not yet established.
• The implementation process was also outlined, including the changes to the legislation that were necessary.
2)	Planning tools
a) Flemish Natura 2000 program (2017)
• Ongoing: consultation of stakeholders at the Flemish level (governments and interest groups) about the development and implementation of the conservation policy
• Adoption of the Flemish Natura 2000 program (VN2000P), planning period 2016-2020, by the Flemish government on 14/07/17, as a Flemish framework for the realization of the IHD.
b) Natura 2000 management plans (2018)
• Consultation of stakeholders at local (SPA) level in the period January - July 2015 on the situation and planning of actions for the realization of the IHD in each SPA. The centers of consultation consisted of experts from governments and interest groups (in total around 800 participants) .
• Blueprints of the Natura 2000 (MP) management plans for the period 2018-2024 were completed by 22/03/2018 for the SPA-H and the overlapping SPA-B. For 5 SPA-B areas, the draft MP was submitted to the cabinet of the competent minister for further decision in consistent with the approval procedure. However, this procedure has not yet started.
c) Species protection programs (2014-2018)
In the period 2014-2018, the competent minister approved 17 species protection programs, 6 of which are for bird species (corncrake, gray harrier, bittern, red backed strike, marsh harrier and spotted crake) that are on the Annex I list of the Birds Directive.
d) Enforcement
During the period 2013-2018, targeted enforcement actions were carried out by the Nature Inspectorate with regard to catching, keeping or killing native birds. The number of dead raptors that was registered by the ANB showed a clear decrease compared to the start of the registration in 2006.
3)	Implementation on site (2013-2018)
a) Land acquisition (2014-2018)
Figures are only available for the 2014-2018 period during which 2547,30 ha of purchases were made in function of the realization of IHD, of which 2084,30 ha by the Agency for Nature and Forest (ANB) and 463 ha by NGOs.
b) Management
The information on habitat management indirectly provides information on the conservation management in function of bird species.
However, the surface currently managed is only calculated for SPA-H and overlapping SPA- B areas and included in the nature functions layer (GIS) developed by ANB. For the other areas in SPA-B, the figures are calculated based on different layers (including the patrimony and nature reserves database and the approved management plans). However, there is a discrepancy between the data in the various databases, which means there is a large error margin on the available information. 
ANB: 26131 ha
NGO: 7062 ha
Public: 373 ha
Private (with management plan): 5560 ha

c) Terrain development
i) Nature Project subsidy(PSN)
The annual call for one-off or time-limited measures for the realization of IHD by private owners, public authorities and NGOs led to the following number of projects and allocated budget. Since 2014, part of the budget has come from European support through rural policy (PDPO). Most of the projects encompass habitat restoration and development; since 2014, 46 projects have specifically referred to the added value for EU protected birds.
PSN         2013              2014               2015                 2016                  2017                  2018
Aantal     13                  28                   34                      25                       54                      65
Totaal   € 329.680     € 771.502       € 1.445.542     € 1.435.109     € 3.082.394     € 6.707.954
PDPO        0                 € 258.510       € 593.159        € 459.577         € 719.894        € 2.139.40

ii) Nature development projects
In the period 2013-2018, 22 nature development projects were in progress for a total area of 9.689 ha with a total budget of10.692.788,52€.

d) Projects with a European subsidy
12 approved LIFE projects and 2 INTERREG projects contributed to the improvement of the conservation status of the EU protected species. The total LIFE budget foreseen for the 12 projects is 67.443.179,00€ of which € 37.887.295,00€ is co-financied by he LIFE program. ANB received 198.000€ for the implementation of 2 INTERREG projects. The Province of West Flanders, VLM and the IJzer & Polder and West-Vlaamse Heuvel Regional Landscapes work with French-speaking partners on the INTERREG 'Tous Eco-Citoyens' project on actions for the corn bunting (the total budget of the project is 1.999.771,41€ of which 999.855, 68€ are co-financed by Europe).

4) Cooperation
The establishment of cooperation with other governments and target groups is crucial for the realization of Natura 2000 goals. In the context of the IHD process, engagement agreements with various actors were drafted and maintained during the reporting period.

5) Species decision (2016)
The adaptation of the Species Decree in 2016 resulted in the elimination of interpretation, enforcement or implementation difficulties. In addition, a part was added on control options for exotic species (implementation of European Regulation 1143/2014) with a focus on prevention, rapid response and control.

6) Monitoring and evaluation
A monitoring network has been established for habitat types, species from the Habitats Directive, breeding and wintering bird species and environmental conditions. The progress of all planned, ongoing or implemented actions for the realization of IHD are being recorded in a specially developed (geo) database, linked to the VN2000P, the MP and the species protection programs. Where monitoring leads to inexplicable results, priority can be given to scientific research.

WALLOON REGION
1) Reminds : 

In Wallonia, the implementation strategy of Natura 2000 is as follow : 

 

Different partners are involved in the implementation of the Walloon Natura 2000 network:
 
 
1.1 2013-2018 period: Designation of SACs, adoption of conservation objectives, adoption of compensatory allowances, adoption of AES, adoption of the Walloon rural development program and the PAF, preparation of management tools in consultation with the stakeholders, restoration and site management, communication and awareness, strategic management via the Belgian integrated project, species monitoring.
 
2) Designation of SACs and SAPs 
Link : http://environnement.wallonie.be/ 

On the 1st December 2016, the 240 Natura 2000 sites in the Walloon Region each benefit from a designation Act. These Acts define the biological issues and the mapping. Conservation measures to avoid the deterioration of the state of conservation at the site level are defined in the ""General measures"" Walloon Order (measures on the entire Natura 2000 network) and in the decree of the ""Catalog"" Walloon Order (special measures related to management units) both dating from 2011. 

The Natura 2000 network is considered as complete for now. Only a few marginal changes, related to the dynamic process of consultation, restoration and management actions, Life projects and administrative acts (permit, Natura authorization ...) are carried out on the perimeters. 
The Walloon system only makes a theoretical distinction between SAP and SAC. 
The 3 existing cases on the 240 Walloon sites are distributed as follows: 

• 1 site exclusively SAP; 
• 12 sites exclusively SAC (SCI); 
• 227 sites combining both. 

In practice, all Natura 2000 sites are managed using the same legal tools (see above) whether they are SAP, SAC or a combination of both. 
The area of the network is officially 221,811.24 ha or about 13% of the Walloon territory. 

3) Conservation objectives 
On 1st December 2016, the Walloon Government adopted the conservation objectives of the habitats and species of CI both at the regional level and at the sites level. 

Link : http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/consnat/natura170.html 

4) Allowances and subsidies 
In consultation with stakeholders, the GW adopted on 14 July 2016 a text on financial compensation for loss of income caused by constraints imposed by Natura 2000 conservation measures.
 Link : http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/consnat/natura161.html 

5) AES 
On 3 September 2015, the text relating to agri-environmental measures was adopted by the Walloon Government. These measures significantly contribute to the implementation of Natura 2000, particularly the management of grasslands. The measures also provide nesting and feeding habitats for Natura 2000 birds within and outside the network.

Link : http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/agriculture/aides/aide066.htm 

6) Walloon rural development program: management and restoration
Wallonia has a rural development program based on the EAFRD. It has been approved by the European Commission on 20 July, 205. The main measures put in place to contribute to the financing of Natura 2000 are: M7 Basic services & village renewal in rural areas (Article 20 of the Regulation), M10 Agri-environment climate measures (Article 28 of the Regulation), M12 Natura 2000 payments (Article 30 of the Regulation) 

Link : https://agriculture.wallonie.be/documents/20182/21864/PwDR_version+23+mars+2017+-+approuv%C3%A9e+11+avril+2017.pdf/cea93a98-0898-4879-b2cf-fcc754ab6840 

7) PAF The Priority Actions Framework has been established in reference to Article 8 of the Habitats Directive. The main actions were implemented through Life projects, EAFRD and other national financing tools. These actions will concern Natura 2000 habitats but also habitats of species and in many cases Natura 2000 birds.

Link : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/protection-et-restauration.html?IDC=835 

8) Integrated Life 
On 1st December 2015, Belgium obtained an integrated Project named BNIP, a new financing tool launched during this period. Three of the four Belgian entities have therefore joined forces to develop strategies, objectives, actions and measures to optimize the implementation of the EU nature directives including Birds Directive. 

Link : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/bnip.html?IDC=6175
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/life-integre.html?IDC=6006 

9) Management plans and action plans 
The management plans of the 240 Walloon Natura 2000 sites are developed as part of this integrated Project. 61 pilot management plans will actually be implemented and tested and 171 are still in progress.  There are also different action plans of which 2 relate specifically of reedbeds birds and harriers.

Link : http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/plans-de-gestion.html?IDC=6177
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/plans-d-action.html?IDC=6176

10) Birds monitoring.
The agreement between the public service and the association Aves-Natagora for the ""Support to Implementation of the Birds Directive"" which took place in 2007 allows to benefit from the achievements of the volunteer ornithologists network and from the expertise of the Research Department of Aves-Natagora to face the implementation of the Birds Directive. In particular :

• - contribute to the establishment of global monitoring of Walloon birds, particularly by developing a method for monitoring rare or localized species (including Natura 2000 species) and thus support the Region in its obligation to report ( Article 12 of the Birds Directive);
• continue the program for monitoring common birds in Wallonia (SOCWAL) and thus support the Region in its obligation to report (Article 12 of the Birds Directive);
• contribute to the monitoring of the conservation status of bird populations in Natura 2000 sites, in particular through the network of birdwatchers and the collection in the field of the necessary additional information and thus support the Region in its obligation to update Standard Data Forms (SDF).","For each region, information can be found by clicking on the links provided below.

Flemish region:
https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/aanwijzing-van-de-vogelrichtlijngebieden
https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/planten-en-dieren?categorie=157
https://www.ecopedia.be/pagina/de-soorten-van-de-vogelrichtlijn
https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/publicaties  en https://natura2000-prd-477218783059.s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/236/over_Natura_2000/afbakening/sbz-v_aangemeld_aan_ec.pdf

Brussels region: 
https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/acties-van-het-gewest/natura-2000/welke-zijn-de-brusselse-0

Walloon region:
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/natura-2000.html?IDC=829  
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/natura-2000.html?IDC=2915

Federal:
www.de-noordzee.be","Flemish region:
https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/natura-2000-gebieden
Het instandhoudingsbesluit van de Vlaamse Regering tot regeling van het Vlaams Natura 2000-programma, de managementplannen Natura 2000, de zoekzones en de actiegebieden voor de specifieke instandhoudingsdoelstellingen voor Europees te beschermen soorten en habitats kan geraadpleegd worden via https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/publicaties door op ‘instandhoudingsbelsuit’ te klikken
De gebieden kunnen gevisualiseerd worden op http://www.geopunt.be/ ‘kaarten en plaatsen > Natuur en milieu > Natuur > Vogelrichtlijngebieden. De gebieden worden dan zichtbaar op de kaart; bijkomende informatie over het gebied kan verkrijgen worden door het aanklikken van het specifiek gebied

Brussels region:
https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/acties-van-het-gewest/natura-2000/wat-natura-2000

Walloon region:
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/sites-infos-et-cartographie.html?IDC=834
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/natura-2000.html?IDC=829

Federal
www.de-noordzee.be","Flemish region:
https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/publicaties 
https://www.inbo.be/nl/blauwdrukken-soortenmonitoring-jb-14
https://www.inbo.be/nl/soortenmonitoring-vlaanderen-van-start-jb-16
www.waarnemingen.be 
https://www.meetnetten.be

Brussels region:
https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/de-biodiversiteit/monitoring

Walloon region:
http://www.aves.be/index.php?id=monitoring_oiseaux
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/oiseaux.html?IDC=303

Federal:
http://odnature.naturalsciences.be/home/ 
https://odnature.naturalsciences.be/msfd/ 
https://odnature.naturalsciences.be/mumm/","Flemish region:
https://www.natuurenbos.be/beleid-wetgeving/natuurbeheer/soortenbescherming/wetgeving

Brussels region:
https://leefmilieu.brussels/themas/groene-ruimten-en-biodiversiteit/de-biodiversiteit/verbodsbepalingen-om-dier-en

Walloon region:
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/especes.html?IDC=2912
http://www.aves.be/index.php?id=1169

Federal:
www.de-noordzee.be","Flemish region:
De vertaling van de vogelrichtlijn naar acties op het terrein gebeurt via gerichte subsidies, een overzicht daarvan is te raadplegen op:
https://www.natuurenbos.be/subsidies
Op deze pagina staan alle subsidie mogelijkheden vermeld de meest relevante kunnen aangeklikt worden en zijn:
De beheerovereenkomsten met de VLM (relevant voor vnl akker/weidevogels): https://www.vlm.be/nl/themas/beheerovereenkomsten
De projectsubsidies natuur die elk jaar gelanceerd worden en waar de meest relevante projecten gesubsidieerd worden vanuit ANB om projecten op het terrein te realiseren: https://www.natura2000.vlaanderen.be/projectsubsidies-natuur
De aanvullende subsidies voor belangrijke soorten; https://www.natuurenbos.be/aanvullende-subsidie-voor-het-behoud-en-verbetering-van-de-soorten
De restfinanciering LIFE projecten: https://www.natuurenbos.be/restfinanciering-life-programma

Brussels region:
http://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/cgi_loi/change_lg.pl?language=nl&la=N&cn=2012030115&table_name=wet 

Walloon region:
http://biodiversite.wallonie.be/fr/natura-2000.html?IDC=2915
http://environnement.wallonie.be/legis/consnat/cons001.htm

Federal
www.de-noordzee.be",255,3503.54,3192.39,3,311.15,31-12-2018,254,99.6,87,34.12,,,,De IUCN Rode-Lijst van de broedvogels in Vlaanderen,2016,https://pureportal.inbo.be/portal/files/12665428/Natuur.oriolus_2016_4_De_IUCN_Rode_Lijst_van_de_broedvogels_in_Vlaanderen.pdf
BG,"???? ??????? 2013 – 2018 ?. ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? (???) ?? ??????????? ?? ???????, ? ????? ??-??????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ????? ? ????????, ???? ???? ????????? 1 ?? ??????????????? ???? 2007 ?. ??? ? ???? ????????????? 2 ???? ???. ???????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???? ?? ????????? ? ??????? ?? ???????????? ????? ? 678/07.11.2013?. (?? ??.99 ?? 15.11.2013?.) ? ? ???????? ? 23 ?? ????????? ?? 07.12.2018 ?. ????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ??????. ?????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? (BG0002129 „???? ?????“) ? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ? ???? ??? ? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????.

???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???, ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????, ???????? ???????? ?? 23.1% ?? ??????????? ?? ???????? ? ??????? ???? 120 ???.

?? ?????? ???, ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ????, ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??. 12 ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????????, ????????? ??????? ?/??? ??????????? ?? ????????, ????????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????. ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??. 19 ?? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ? ??? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ??. 12 ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????????.

? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ? ?????????? ?? ??. 12 ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?? 3 ??? ? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ??-94/19.02.2018 ?. ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????, ?????????????? ? ???????? ?? ????????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ? ???????????????.
? ???? ?????, ? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???????, ? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?-141/14, ???? 2018 ?. ?? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????, ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???????, ??? ???? ??????? ????????, ????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????????? ?????????. ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????, ????????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????????, ????????????, ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ? ????????? ????? ?? ????????????, ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????, ???? ? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????????? ??. ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ??? BG0002051 „????????“, ????? ? ?? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ??? (???? 141 ???????). ????????? ??????????? ???????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ???????????? ?????????? ????????, ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????. ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ? ?????????????? ?????, ??????????? ? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ????????. ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????, ?????????? ? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? - https://kaliakrabirdmonitoring.eu/ .

???? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????? 7 ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???, ????? ?? ?? ??????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????????. ???? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? 2 ???????? ????? ? ????????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????, ????? ?? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????? 2000, ???? ? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ???????????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???? ? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????, ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????. ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ? ???? ???.

???? ????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??????, ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ?? ????????, ????? ? ??-??????? ??????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ?? ? ????????????????? ???????? ? ????????.

???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????????? ? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? 2000 ??????? ? ????????. ??? ?????? ? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ???? ??????? 2013 -2018 ?. ???? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ? ??????????? ?? ???, ????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?????? 2000, ????? ?? ???????? ? ???-????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????????? ????????? ?? ??.

?????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????, ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? „?????? ????? 2014 -2020 ?.“ - „??????????? ?????? ?? ??????? „?????? 2000“. ???????? ? ????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????? 2000 ? ?? ? ???????? ?? ??, ???? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????, ?????????? ? ??????????? ?? ???????, ???????? ?????? ? ??????????????? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ????. ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?????????, ??????????????? ?? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????.

???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? 2000, ???????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ????, ????????? ?? ?????????? ????????????? ????? ?? ?????? 2000 ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ???????????????? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??????, ????????? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ? ?????????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????????? ????, ???????? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? 2000. ???????????????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????, ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????????????, ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?? ????????????? ????, ????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????, ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????.

???????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? 2000 ??????? ????????????? ???????, ???? ??? ?????? ? ???? ? ???? ?? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????????, ? ??? ????????? ?? ?????????? ??-???? ?????????. ??? ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ?????. ???????? ? ?????????????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? 2000.

???? ??????? 2013 – 2018 ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????????? ?? ????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ? ??????? ?????????????, ???????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???? – ????? 213 – „???????? ?? ?????? 2000“ ? ????? 214 „?????????????? ????????“ ?? „?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? 2007 - 2013 ?. “ (????), ????????????? ????????? ? ????? 12 ? ????? 10 ?? ???? 2014-2020 ?.

???? ???? ???? ????????? ? ???????????? (??? ??? ? ?????? ?? ??????????) ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? 2000 ?????, ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????????????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????????????, ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????, ????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????, ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ???????????? ? ???????????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????????? ? ?????? 2000 ???????. ????? ??????? ? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ????????. ?? ????????? ?? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????????? ????????????? ???????, ????? ??????:
- ?? ??????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????? (2007 – 2013 ?) - http://umispublic.government.bg/prProcedureProjectsInfo.aspx?op=-1&proc=-2&clear=1
- ?? ????????? ? ??????????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? (2014 – 2020 ?.) – http://2020.eufunds.bg/en ; http://2020.eufunds.bg/en/0/0/Operations?ProgrammeId=AYfIOSQIKPc%3D&ShowRes=True

? ??????? ?? ??????????? ? ??????????? ?? ?? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? LIFE ???????? ??????? ??? ???????? ? ?????????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? (Aquila heliaca), ??????? ??????? ???? (Aquila pomarina), ?????? ????? (Falco cherrug), ?????????? ?????? (Neophron percnopterus), ?????????? ?????? (Gyps fulvus), ?????? ?????? (Aegypius monachos), ???????? ?????? (Gypaetus barbatus), ????????????? ????? (Branta ruficollis), ??????? ???????? ????? (Anser erythropus), ?????????? ???????? (Falco naumanni) ? ?? ????? ????? ? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????. ? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????, ???? ? ???????????? ? ??????????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ? ???????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ????. ?? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? „???-?????“ ?? ???????? LIFE: LIFE07 NAT/BG/000068 – „????? ?????????? ?????“ ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? 2000 ?????; LIFE08 NAT/BG/000277 – “????? ?? ?????????? ?????“ ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????? ? ?????????? ????????????? ? ?????????? ?????? 2000 ?????? ????; LIFE08 NAT/BG/000278 – „????????? ?? ????????? ? ????????“ – ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ? ????????; LIFE11 NAT/BG/000360 – “??-?????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? (Falco naumanni) ? ????????“ ??????? ??? ?????????????? ?? ???? ? ????????.

???? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ? 5 ????????? ??????? „?????? 2000“ - ? 3 ???????, ? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ? 2 ???????, ? ????? ?? ?????? ????????.

???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??????? 2013 – 2018 ?. ? ????????? ??????????, ? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ? ?. 6 ?? ????????? ??????, ?? ??????? ? ?????????? ???? – Annex_BG_General_report2013-2018.doc

???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? 10 ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????, ? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? (Aquila heliaca), ?????? ????? (Falco cherrug), ????????? ????????? (Aythya nyroca), ??????? ????? ??? (Botaurus stellaris), ?????? ???????? (Phalacrocorax pygmaeus), ?????????????? ????????? (Oxyura leucocephala), ??????? ???????? ????? (Anser erythropus), ????????????? ????? (Branta ruficollis), ?????? ?????? (Aegypius monachus) ? ?????? ??????? ???? (Clanga pomarina).

???? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? 7 ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ? ?????? ?? ????????, ????????? ?? ????????: ???????? ?????? (Dendrocopos leucotos), ?????? (Tetrao urogallus), ???????? ?????? (Picoides tridactylus), ???????? ?????? (Gyps fulvus), ?????? ?????? (Gipaetus barbatus), ???????? ???????? (Falco naumanni), ????? ??????? ???? (Clanga pomarina).

????????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??? 2 ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? (Falco vespertinus) ? ????????? ?????? (Alectoris graeca graeca Meisner, 1804) ? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? 17 ???? ????? (16 ?? ????? ? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????).

? ??????? 2013 – 2018 ?. ?? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????.

?? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ????? ??????, ????? ??????? ??, ??? ?????????(??) 1143/2014 ???????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????.

??????????: Annex to the General Implementation Report Under Art. 12, Paragraph 1 of Directive 2009/147/?C on the Conservation of Wild Birds of the Republic of Bulgaria for the Period 2013 - 2018 (Annex_BG_General_report2013-2018.doc","In the period 2013 - 2018, the expansion of the network of Special Protection Areas (SPAs) under the Birds Directive continued in order to fully cover the existing Important Bird Areas in the country. One of the SPAs classified in 2007 was expanded and 2 new SPAs were classified. In accordance with the national legislation this was done by Council of Ministers Decision No. 678 / 07.11.2013 (SG No. 99 of November 15, 2013) and by Protocol No. 23 of the meeting of the National Council on Biological Diversity to the Minister of Environment and Water held on December 7, 2018. The new site (BG0002129 Rila Buffer) approved by the National Council on Biological Diversity at the end of the reporting period has been subsequently classified as SPA by a Council of Ministers Decision.

Thus, the coverage of the SPA network (Natura 2000 sites under the Birds Directive) reached 23.1% of the national territory and included a total of 120 SPAs.

For all SPAs, with the exception of the most recently classified one, orders have been issued by the Minister of Environment and Water in accordance with Art. 12 of the Biological Diversity Act, containing prohibitions and/or restrictions on activities contradicting the conservation objectives of the sites. During the reporting period, one temporary order pursuant to Art. 19 of the Biological Diversity Act was issued as well, imposing a ban on the construction of wind turbines in order to prevent deterioration of the site until the permanent order under Art. 12 of the same act has been issued.

Implementing the measures set out in the designation orders (pursuant to Art. 12 of the Biological Diversity Act) of 3 SPAs in the Kaliakra area, the Minister of Environment and Water, by Order No. РД-94/ 15.02.2018, approved Instruction on the construction, operation and evaluation of the effectiveness of early warning systems for the management of bird collision risk with wind turbines.
An Integrated System for Protection of Birds (ISPB) was established in this region in 2018, in implementation of the commitments made by the Republic of Bulgaria to the European Commission following the Judgment of the European Court of Justice from 14 January 2016 in Case C-141/14. The Early Warning System allows the management and minimization of the risk of collision of birds with rotating turbine blades by stopping single or clustered turbines or whole wind farms, as well as monitoring of species of conservation importance. Systematic monitoring is carried out primarily including fatalities through collision with wind turbine rotors, disturbance leading to the displacement of birds from their habitats and turbines presenting a barrier to flight movements, thereby preventing access to areas via those movements or increasing energy expenditure to fly around the turbine locations. It is applied by all wind farms on the territory of SPA Kallakra BG0002051, as well as by those near it (141 turbines in total).

The system operates year-round, including during spring and autumn migrations and recorded feeding migrations leading to high concentrations of birds. The ISPB consists of a combination of existing high-tech radar observations and meteorological data, integrated with field visual observations by experienced ornithologists, which jointly used are essential for the accurate risk assessment and ensures that appropriate action is taken immediately. Detailed information about the scope, technical rules and monitoring procedure is publicly available at a dedicated website - https://kaliakrabirdmonitoring.eu/.

The first SPA management plans have been elaborated and approved for 7 SPAs that do not overlap with national protected areas. Management plans for 2 of the nature parks have been elaborated and the management plans of the three national parks and one nature park have been updated, all of them overlapping Natura 2000 sites. The planning documents reflect the species and habitats subject to conservation in the overlapping Natura 2000 sites under the two nature directives and provide for a number of conservation measures for them. So far, two of these management plans have been officially approved and put into effect.

Amendments and supplements to the Bulgarian legislation were made aimed at improving the control and management of grasslands, as well as more comprehensive integration of the requirements of the Habitats Directive into forestry activities.

During the reporting period, some shortcomings in the national legal framework and its implementation were noted, related to the efficiency of the management of the Natura 2000 network in the country. In this regard, the main efforts of the administration in 2013-2018 were aimed at eliminating these deficiencies and establishing a new, effective approach to the Natura 2000 management. The new approach should optimize the management of the network in Bulgaria, and contribute to the fullest extent for the achievement of the objectives of the EU Nature Directives.

The new approach was developed under the successfully implemented project “Management Approach for Natura 2000”, funded by Operational Program Environment 2014-2020. The approach is in line with the latest trends in the management of the Natura 2000 network in the EU and EC guidelines and notes. It is based on a series of analyzes, studies and proposals for solutions, widely discussed with key stakeholders in the country at working groups and roundtables. Additional capacity building, decentralization of the process and involvement of local communities in the decision-making process are envisaged in the approach.

It introduces a two-tier Natura 2000 governance model, including national and regional governance, the establishment of a National Natura 2000 Advisory Board to the National Network Management Authority and Stakeholder Committees to the regional authorities. It also envisages mandatory elaboration of management plans for all Natura 2000 sites and a four-level approach to setting conservation objectives, including the elaboration of a national document for the Natura 2000 objectives. The four-level approach is a scientific approach that puts the focus on managing specific species and habitat types, taking into account their conservation status and the contribution of the specific areas to its improvement on biogeographical or national level, respectively, for the species of birds subject to conservation under the Birds Directive.

The introduction of the new Natura 2000 management approach requires changes in the legislation and in that regard a procedure for amending and supplementing the Biological Diversity Act has been initiated at the end of the reporting period. To date, the bill has been submitted for approval by the Council of Ministers. The elaboration of the national document for the Natura 2000 objectives, envisaged by the new approach, has also started.

In the 2013 - 2018 period, the implementation of the contractual measures for the maintenance and restoration of the Birds Directive species and their habitats dependent on agricultural land use, continued - measure 213 “Natura 2000 payments” and measure 214 "" Agri-environmental payments"" from the Rural Development Program 2007-2013 (RDP), transferred into measure 12 and measure 10 of RDP 2014-2020 respectively.

A number of projects have also been implemented and contracted (still under implementation) including measures directly targeting Natura 2000, conservation and restoration measures for bird species and their habitats, measures from management plans and species action plans, as well as projects for research, development of the National Biodiversity Monitoring System and the promotion of nature conservation and the Natura 2000 network. Full lists and information of the projects are available on the websites of the respective funding programmes. Information on all projects funded by the EU structural instruments can be found in the Unified Management Information System for the EU funds in Bulgaria on the following links:
- EU co-funded projects during the 2007-2013 programming period - http://umispublic.government.bg/prProcedureProjectsInfo.aspx?op=-1&proc=-2&clear=1 
- EU co-funded projects during the 2014-2020 programming period - http://2020.eufunds.bg/en ; http://2020.eufunds.bg/en/0/0/Operations?ProgrammeId=AYfIOSQIKPc%3D&ShowRes=True 

During the period, a number of conservation activities have been and continue to be carried out within LIFE projects focused mainly on the conservation and restoration of threatened bird species or species of European importance such as the Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca), the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina), Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug), Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus), Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus), Black Vulture (Aegypius monachos), Bearded Vulture (Gypaetus barbatus), Red-breasted Goose (Branta ruficollis), Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus), Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) and other rare and threatened birds of prey and waterfowl. In the course of these activities, data on a number of other species were also collected, and in accordance with the newly received information, the Natura 2000 standard data forms were updated. Of the implemented projects, four were recognized as ""Best LIFE projects”: LIFE07 NAT/BG/000068 - BSPB's ""Save the Raptors"" aimed primarily at protecting the Imperial Eagle and the Saker Falcon in key Natura 2000 sites; LIFE08 NAT/BG/000277 - ""Life for the Bourgas Lakes"" aimed at protecting priority bird species and coastal habitats in the Burgas Natura 2000 wetlands; LIFE08 NAT/BG/000278 - "" Vultures’ Return"" - aimed at restoring the populations of large European vultures in Bulgaria; LIFE11 NAT/BG/000360 - “A Better Chance for Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) in Bulgaria” aimed at restoring the species in Bulgaria.

During the period Bulgarian organizations won 5 Natura 2000 awards - with 3 projects in which they were leading partners and 2 projects in which they were key partners.

Further information on the main projects carried out during the period 2013 - 2018 and the main publications, in addition to the information in section 6 of this report, is provided in the attached file - Annex_BG_General_report2013-2018.doc

During the reporting period, 10 action plans for the protection of birds were approved, namely for the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca), the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug), the Ferruginous Duck (Aythya nyroca), the Eurasian Bittern (Botaurus stellaris), the Pygmy Cormorant (Phalacrocorax pygmaeus), the White-headed Duck (Oxyura leucocephala), the Lesser White-fronted Goose (Anser erythropus), the Red-breasted Goose (Branta ruficollis), the Black Vulture (Aegypius monachus), and the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina).

7 more action plans for birds have also been developed, currently under adoption, for the species: White-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopus leucotos), Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus), Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus), Bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus), Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni), Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina).

The development of two more action plans for the the conservation of the species Red-footed Falcon (Falco vespertinus) and Rock Partridge (Alectoris graeca graeca Meisner, 1804) has been commissioned and terms of reference for the development of action plans for another 17 bird species were approved (16 of which in a multi-species action plan for colonial-nesting species of waterfowl).

In the period 2013 - 2018 no activities for introduction of non-native bird species were allowed.

There are no invasive bird species on the territory of Bulgaria. In view of the List of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern to Regulation (EU) 1143/2014, preventive measures are to be taken.

Attachment: Annex to the General Implementation Report Under Art. 12, Paragraph 1 of Directive 2009/147/EC on the Conservation of Wild Birds of the Republic of Bulgaria for the Period 2013 - 2018 (Annex_BG_General_report2013-2018.doc)","Official site of “National Nature Protection Service” Directorate of the Bulgarian Ministry of Environment and Water with information on EU and national legislation in nature protection and its implementation, including link to EC website – https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/

Birds Directive text in Bulgarian language - https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/mejdunarodno-zakonodatelstvo/direktivi-na-evropejskiya-suyuz/

Bulgarian Biodiversity Portal as a part of the global information exchange network established by the Convention on Biodiversity (Clearing House Mechanism - CHM) – http://chm.moew.government.bg/page.php?id=15 
http://chm.moew.government.bg/page.php?id=29","General information on the official site of the Bulgarian Ministry of Environment and Water -https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/natura-2000/natura-2000-v-bulgariya/obsta-informaciya-za-ekologichnata-mreja-natura-2000/

Information system on Natura 2000 sites in Bulgaria
http://natura2000.moew.government.bg/","http://eea.government.bg/bg/bio/nsmbr 

http://eea.government.bg/bg/bio/nsmbr/praktichesko-rakovodstvo-metodiki-za-monitoring-i-otsenka/ptitsi","https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/biologichno-raznoobrazie/zastiteni-vidove/jivotni/

https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/biologichno-raznoobrazie/zastiteni-vidove/planove-za-dejstvie/

http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ 

http://www.chm.moew.government.bg/page.php?id=20 

Legisation - The provisions of this articles are transposed in the National Biological Diversity Act and the National Hunting and Game Protection Act.:
https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/nacionalno-zakonodatelstvo/zakoni/

Hunting and Game Protection:
http://www.iag.bg/docs/lang/1/cat/1/index
http://www.iag.bg/docs/lang/1/cat/2/index","The main act transposing the requirements of the directive is the Biological Diversity Act, available at - https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/nacionalno-zakonodatelstvo/zakoni/ 
There are some provisions included also in the National Hunting and Game Protection Act and related regulations, available on the links provided above.
Relevant regulations for implementation of the Biological Diversity Act are available at -
https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/nacionalno-zakonodatelstvo/naredbi-pravilnici-i-instrukcii/ 
 
Instructions on implementation, notes, manuals and guidelines are available at - https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/rukovodstva-i-preporuki/

https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/zakonodatelstvo/metodicheski-ukazaniya/

Site designation orders are listed at - https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/publichen-registur-za-obyavenite-zastiteni-zoni-i-promenite-v-tyah-suglasno-direktiva-2009-147-eo-za-opazvaneto-na-divite-ptici/  
The list includes links to the specific site section of the Natura 2000 information system, where the full text of the order is available.

Council of Ministers Decisions for adoption of national lists of pSCIs are available at - 
https://www.moew.government.bg/bg/priroda/natura-2000/registri-za-zastiteni-zoni/prieti-s-reshenie-na-ministerski-suvet/ 

Other public sources:

https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135456926 

https://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135563503/ 

https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135615017  

https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135470595 

https://www.lex.bg/bg/laws/ldoc/2135476826 

https://www.parliament.bg/bg/bills/",120,26165.28,25620.39,14,544.89,22-06-2019,119,98.53,17,11.9,,,,"Red Data Book of the Republic of Bulgaria. The Red Data Book includes a total of 140 bird species, 10 of which are in the Extinct category, 32 in the Critically endangered, 46 in the Endangered and 52 in the Vulnerable category.",2015,"http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/en/vol2/ 
Golemansky, V. et al. (Eds) 2015. Red Data Book of the Republic of Bulgaria. Volume 2. Animals. BAS & MoEW, Sofia."
CY,"1. ?????aµµa G???S. (Sept?µß???? 2011-?a???????? 2014). ?? p????aµµa ???p??????e ap? t?? ?p??es?a T??a? ?a? ?a??da?, t?? ?t????????? S??desµ? ??p???, t? ?µ?µa ?as??, t? ???se?? F?s???? ?st???a? ???t?? (?a?ep?st?µ?? ???t??) ?a? t?? ??µ? G??t????. ?? ?????aµµa d????ese ??a 29 µ??e?, µeta?? Septeµß???? 2011 ?a? ?a???a???? 2014, ?at? t? d????e?a t?? ?p???? ape?e??e?????a? 25 s??????? ????a ta ?p??a µetaf?????a? ap? t?? ???t?, ?ste ?a e??s???e? ? p????sµ?? t?? ??p???. Se ???sµ??a t?p??et????a? s?s?e??? GPS, ??a pa?a???????s? t?? ????se?? t???. Sta p?a?s?a t?? p?????µµat?? ????e s???d??? ??a ta ????a, p?? d?e????? st?? 6-8 ?a?t??? 2013 st?? ?eµes? t?? ??p???, ?p?? ??a? a???µ?? e?d???? µe s?µa?t??? eµpe???a st?? d?at???s? t?? ??p?? p??sfe?e t?? ???se?? t?? ??a t?? ?at?stas? st?? ??p?? ?a? t? ?????aµµa G???S, se ??µata ?p?? ?? ?µe??µ???e? ape?e??e??se?? t?? p??????, t?? ?at?stas? st??? ???ß???, ta s??µata ?e?t?????a? t?? ta?st???, t?? e??µ???s? t?? ?????? ?a? t?? p???t???? p?? apa?t???ta? st?? pe??pt?s? t?? ??p???. ?? d??se?? t?? p?????µµat?? pe????µßa?a? ep?s?? t?? ?atas?e?? ???ß?? e????µat?sµ?? ?a? d?at??f?? st?? pe????? t?? ?eµes??, µ?a ta?st?a st? S?t??a/?a?aµ??? (?eµes??), t? ße?t??s? e??? ?f?st?µe??? ???ß?? st?? ?? G????? ??f??, t?? pa?a???????s? t?? p????sµ?? t?? ??p???, ?a??? ?a? ?e?et???? a?a??se??.
2. ?????aµµa LIFE Oroklini (?a???????? 2012-?e??µß???? 2014). ?? p????aµµa ???p??????e ap? t?? ?p??es?a T??a? & ?a??da?, t? ?µ?µa ?as??, t? ?µ?µa ?e??ß?????t??, t?? ?t????????? S??desµ? ??p??? ?a? t? ?????t??? S?µß????? t?? ?????????. Sta p?a?s?a t?? ??????µµat?? ???p??????a? d??se?? ap??at?stas?? t?? ß??t?p??, ?p?? st??e?µ??? pe??f?a?? t?? ??µ???, ap?µ?????s? ?e????? e?d??, ?d???????? d?a?e???s? t?? ??µ???, d??se?? e??µ???s?? ?a? e?a?s??t?p???s?? ??p. ?? ???? ß?aße?t??e µe ‘Best Life project’ t? 2018 se e?d??? e?d???s? st?? ???????e?.
3. ?? ?????aµµa e?p???s?? t?? ?e??t? ??????? Ge??????? ?e?????? (Farmland Bird Index) ?a? t?? ?e??t? ?????? ??????? (Common Bird Index). ?? e? ???? S?µß?se?? ???p??????a? ap? t?? ?t????????? S??desµ? ??p??? t?? d????e?a t?? et?? 2012-2014, ?a? 2017. ? te???? ???es? t?? 2017 pe????µßa?e ?a? t? d?µ??????a t?? ?e??t? ?????? ?t???? st?? ??p?? ??a t?? pe???d? 2006-2017. 
4. ?t??µas?a St???? ??at???s?? & ??a?e???st???? S?ed??? ??a t?? ???e? ??d???? ???stas?a? (???) p?? ????? ?a????ste? st?? ??p?? s?µf??a µe t?? ?d???a ??a ta ????a ?t??? (2009/147/??). ?a p?? p??? ???p??????a? µeta?? Septeµß???? 2013 ?a? ?e?eµß???? 2016. ?? ßas???? t?? d??se?? pe????µßa?a?: t?? e?p???s? ???????? ??µ?? ??af???? (Favourable Reference Values - FRVs)/??µ?? St???? (Target value) ??a ta e?d? ?a?a?t???sµ?? t?? ??? st?? ??p??, t?? a????s? t?? ???d???? p?? ape????? t? d?at???s? ???? t?? p??state??µe??? st???e???, t? d?aµ??f?s? t?? Ge????? ?a? ??d???? St???? ??at???s?? ??a ???e pe????? ???, t? d?e?a???? e??µe??se??/ d?aß???e?se?? t?? eµp?e??µe??? ?????t?t?? ?a? ????? e?d?afe??µe??? f????? ??a ???e pe????? ??? ?e????st?, ?a??? ?a? te???? t?? e?p???s? 30 ??a?e???st???? S?ed??? ??a ??e? t?? pe?????? ??? st?? ??p??. 
5. St?at????? S??d?? ???s?? ??a t?? ????e??? t?? ?a????µ?? ?a??de?s?? ??????? st?? ??p??. ?? 2013 ???a?????a? d?? s???d??a µe t? ???µat?d?t?s? t?? ?d??µat?? MAVA (st?? 24-25 ?p?????? ?a? st?? 18 ??eµß????) ??a t?? a??pt??? e??? St?at?????? S?ed??? ???s?? ??a t?? ????e??? t?? ?a????µ?? ?a??de?s?? ?t???? st?? ??p?? ?? t? 2020. ?? St?at????? S??d?? ???s?? e? t??e? ????et????e ap? t? ?p??????? S?µß????? t?? ???? t?? 2015. ??a? ap? t??? ßas????? st????? ??a t?? pe???d? 2014-2020 ?ta? ? e?tat???p???s? t?? ep?ß???? t?? ??µ??es?a? ap? p?e???? ?pe?????? ?p??es???, ?ste ?a µe?????? ?? pa????µe? d?ast????t?te? ?a? ?d?a?te?a ?a e?a?e?f?e? ? p??µ??e?a t?? aµpe??p?????? sta est?at???a ?? t? 2020, ?a??? ?a? ?at?????? d?a?e???s? t?? ß??t?p?? (ap?µ?????s? ?e????? ß??st?s??, e?d??? t?? f?te??? a?a??a?). 
6. ???p?p???s? ??µ??es?a?. ??? ?????? t?? 2017 t??p?p??????e ? s?et??? e????? ??µ??es?a ? ?p??a t??a p??ß??pe? p??? a?st???? e??d??e? ???µ?se??. ?? p??st?µ? t?? µ?s?? ?ata??e??a? a??????e ap? 500-600 e??? / a?? ?p??es?, se p??a? t?? 3,000 e??? / a?? ?p??es?. ??t? e??e sa? ap?t??esµa t?? a?s??t? µe??s? t?? pa????µ?? pa??de?s?? st?? ??p??, e?? a?t?st???? ??µ??es?a ????et????e ?a? ap? t?? ??eta????? ??se??. Sta p?a?s?a t?? t??p?p???s?? t?? ??µ?? ????e ep?s?? p?????a ??a t?? e??d??? ???µ?s? ??a ad???µata p?? af????? t?? pa????µe? epeµß?se?? se ß??t?p??? ?a? se pe?????? ???, ?ts? ?ste ?a d?e??????eta? ? ep?pte?a t?? pe?????? ??? ?a??? ?a? ? efa?µ??? ?a? ep?ß??? t?? ??µ??es?a?. ?? ap?te??sµata ???? t?? t??p?p???s?? t?? ??µ??es?a? e??a? p??? e??a????t???. 
7. ??e???t??? d?ast????t?ta. ?at? t? d????e?a t?? pe???d?? 2013-2018 e?p??????a? d??f??a e?e???t??? p?????µµata ?a? ?ataµet??se?? ap? t?? ?p??es?a T??a? & ?a??da? ?a? t?? ?t????????? S??desµ? ??p???. ??t? pe????µßa?a? p?????µµata pa?a???????s?? s???e???µ???? f??e????t?? e?d??, pa?a???????s? ?d??ß???, ???te????? ?ata??af?? ?a??? ?a? pa?a???????s? ????? e?d?? µeta??ste?s??. 
8. ?p??tas? / d?e????s? d??t??? Natura 2000 ??a pe?????? ???. ?? 2013 ?a????st??a? ?? ???, 2 ep?p???? pe?????? ‘??????a’ (CY 2000013), ?a? ‘?????da ??µ??t?’ (CY5000011), e?? t? 2015 epe?t????e ? pe????? t?? ??ß? G????? (CY 3000002) sta p?a?s?a a?t?sta?µ?st???? µ?t??? ??a t?? ?atas?e?? t?? µa???a? ??. ??pa?.","1. The GYPAS Project (September 2011 – January 2014). The project was implemented by the Game and Fauna Service of Cyprus, BirdLife Cyprus, the Department of Forests, the Museum of Natural History of Crete (University of Crete) and the Municipality of Gortyna in Crete. It lasted for 29 months, from September 2011 until January 2014, during which 25 Cretan Griffon Vultures were released in Cyprus to enhance the local population. GPS devices were placed on some of them in order to track their movements.
During the Griffon Vulture Conference, 6- 8 March 2013, Limassol, Cyprus, a number of international experts with significant experience in vulture conservation, gave first hand advice on the situation in Cyprus and the GYPAS Cyprus project, on issues like release dates, conditions in cages, feeding regimes, awareness raising and policy requirements for Cyprus. The projects’ actions included also the construction of acclimation cage and feeder in Limnatis, Limassol, a feeder in Sotira / Paramali, Limassol, the upgrade the existing cage / feeder in Ai Giannis, Paphos, the census of the Cypriot population of the Vulture (and scientific publication) and genetic analysis.
2. Oroklini LIFE Program (January 2012-December 2014). The program was implemented by the Game & Fauna Service of Cyprus, the Department of Forests, the Environment Department, the BirdLife Cyprus and the Community Council of Oroklini. Within the framework of the Program, actions have been implemented to restore the habitat, such as the targeted fencing of the lake, removal of alien species, hydrological management of the lake, awareness and awareness actions, etc. The project was awarded a ""Best Life project"" in 2018 at a special event in Brussels.
3. The Project for Farmland Birds Index (FBI) and Common Bird Index (CBI). The Project was implemented by BirdLife Cyprus during 2012-2014 and 2017. The 2017 final Report included the creation of the Common Birds Index in Cyprus for the period 2006-2017.
4. Preparation of Conservation Targets & Management Plans for the Special Protection Areas (SPAs) in Cyprus according Birds’ Directive (2009/147/EC). Conservation Targets & Management Plans were implemented between September 2013 and December 2015. Main actions included: the elaboration of the Favourable Reference Values (FRVs) and the Target Values for the SPA trigger species, risk analysis of the threats, the establishment of General and Special Conservation Objectives, public participation / consultations with the communities concerned and other stakeholders for each SPA as well as the elaboration of 30 Management Plans for all SPA areas in Cyprus.
5. Strategic Action Plan for the Eradication of Illegal Trapping of Birds in Cyprus. In 2013, two conferences funded by MAVA Foundation (24-25 April and 18 November) were organized to develop a Strategic Action Plan on the Eradication of Illegal Trapping of Birds in Cyprus by 2020. The Strategic Action Plan was finally adopted by the Council of Ministers in May 2015. One of the main objectives for the 2014-2020 period was to intensify law enforcement by responsible services in order to reduce illegal activities and, in particular, eliminate the supply of Ambelopoulia at restaurants by 2020, as well as appropriate habitat management (removal of foreign vegetation, especially acacia plantations).
6. Amendment of legislation. In July 2017, the relevant national legislation was amended, which now provides for very strict out-of-court arrangements. The fine of the average complaint increased from € 500-600 / per case, in excess of € 3,000 / per case. This resulted in a significant reduction in illegal trapping in Cyprus, while similar legislation was adopted by the British Bases. In the context of the amendment to the law, provision was also made for out-of-court settlement of offenses concerning illegal interventions in biotopes and SPAs, in order to facilitate the supervision of SPAs as well as enforcement and enforcement. The results of the amendments of the legislation are very encouraging.
7. Research activity. During the 2013-2018 period, various research programs and surveys were produced by the Game and Fauna Service of Cyprus and BirdLife Cyprus. These included monitoring programs for specific breeding species, water birds, nocturnal species as well as monitoring of other migration species.
8. Extension / expansion of the Natura 2000 network for SPA areas. In 2013 2 additional areas were designated as SPAs, “Tzionia” (CY 2000013), and “Koilada Limnati” (CY5000011), whereas in 2015 the area of “Kavo Greco” (CY 3000002) was expanded as a compensatory measure for the construction of the marina of Ayia Napa.","http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/index_gr/index_gr?opendocument 
http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/web35_gr/web35_gr?OpenDocument","http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/index_gr/index_gr?opendocument 
http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/web35_gr/web35_gr?OpenDocument

Please note that in the case of Cyprus, the EU Birds Directive (2009/147/EC) and indeed the EU aquis in general currently applies only in the area of the island under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. It does not apply in the occupied areas or in the British Sovereign Base (SBA) areas in Cyprus. This situation has presented particular challenges relating to the current reporting under article 12 of the Birds Directive, and these have been handled in the following manner: 
1. Reporting on bird populations and trends under article 12 (sections 2 and 3 of the ‘Birds reports’ part of the reporting tool) has been done, where possible, for the entire island (including the occupied areas and SBAs), even though data quality for the occupied areas is much poorer than that for the areas under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus and the British Sovereign Bases. 
2. Reporting for distribution maps (sections 4 and 5 of the ‘Birds reports’ part of the reporting tool) is for the most part done only for the areas under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus and to some extend in the British Sovereign Bases. However, in the case of some very specific species, if known, the distributions are for the entire island. Complete coverage was only possible for species where better-quality data was available for the occupied areas, including some wetland species. Complete coverage was possible, for instance, for species whose known range is restricted to the Troodos Mountains, as this area is entirely under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. 
3. For clarity, relevant notes explaining the geographical coverage of population estimates, distributions and ranges were made under the ‘additional information’ sections under each species entry in the ‘Birds reports’ part of the reporting tool.","http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/web24_gr/web24_gr?OpenDocument 
http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/web34_gr/web34_gr?OpenDocument\",http://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/All/6638764AC7833C04C22580E6002FAB9D?OpenDocument,http://www.moi.gov.cy/MOI/Wildlife/wildlife_new.nsf/web18_gr/web18_gr?OpenDocument,30,1642.7,1533,3,109.7,30-06-2019,30,100,30,100,,,,,,
CZ,"V období 2013 – 2018 nedošlo k žádné zmene oproti predchozímu reportovacímu období, co se týce poctu vymezených ptacích oblastí a jejich predmetu ochrany. 
Ochrana ptacích oblastí byla zajištována prostrednictvím legislativních nástroju (predevším prostrednictvím cinností vázaných na souhlas orgánu ochrany prírody stanovených v jednotlivých narízeních vlády, kterými se vymezují ptací oblasti; ochrany volne žijících ptáku, základních ochranných podmínek zvlášte chránených druhu, posuzování koncepcí a zámeru, které by mohly mít významný vliv na predmety ochrany ptacích oblastí). Pro vybrané ptací oblasti, které nejsou v prekryvu se zvlášte chráneným územím, jsou zpracovávány souhrny doporucených opatrení (22 ptacích oblastí) stanovující optimální péci o predmety ochrany ptacích oblastí. V období 2013 – 2018 byly zpracovány souhrny doporucených opatrení pro ctyri ptací oblasti (Ptací oblast Jaroslavické rybníky, Ptací oblast Ceskobudejovické rybníky, Ptací oblast Hermanský stav – Odra – Poolší, Ptací oblast Bzenecká Doubrava – Strážnické Pomoraví) a pro dve ptací oblasti byly souhrny doporucených opatrení aktualizovány (Ptací oblast Východní Krušné hory a Ptací oblast Novodomské rašelinište - Kovárská).  Celkem je tak k 31. 12. 2018 zpracováno 10 souhrnu doporucených opatrení pro ptací oblasti z 22 plánovaných. U ptacích oblastí, které jsou v prekryvu se zvlášte chráneným územím, jsou opatrení na podporu predmetu ochrany ptacích oblastí zapracována do príslušných plánu péce o tato zvlášte chránená území.
Za zajištení péce o ptací oblasti jsou odpovedny místne príslušné orgány ochrany prírody. Na péci byly vycleneny národní (zejm. prostrednictvím dotacních titulu, ale i v rámci státních a krajských rozpoctu) i evropské prostredky (napr. Operacní program Životní prostredí – zejm. Specifický cíl 4.1 zamerený na péci o národne významná chránená území a Program rozvoje venkova pro hospodáre - zejm. Agroenvironmentálne-klimatická opatrení, Platby v rámci síte Natura 2000). Dále byly využívány programy LIFE, Interreg a EHP fondy.
Koordinovaný monitoring druhu v ptacích oblastech byl prováden Agenturou ochrany prírody a krajiny CR a Ceskou spolecností ornitologickou pouze v roce 2013. 
Na národní úrovni jsou pro zvlášte chránené druhy, jimž hrozí vyhynutí, pripravovány záchranné programy. V období 2013 – 2018 nebyly realizovány žádné záchranné programy pro ptáky. Z druhu prílohy 1 smernice o ptácích jsou v príprave záchranné programy pro raroha velkého (Falco cherrug) a dropa velkého (Otis tarda). 
Pro druhy ohrožené vyhynutím v urcitém regionu jsou pripravovány regionální akcní ptány. Z druhu prílohy 1 smernice o ptácích byl vytvoren regionální akcní plán pro tetreva hlušce (Tetrao urogallus) pro území Ptací oblasti Beskydy, kde je tento druh predmetem ochrany.
CR je partnerem projektu LIFE ""Conservation of the eastern imperial eagle by decreasing human-caused mortality in the Pannonian Region"" (LIFE15 NAT/HU/000902 období realizace 2016 - 2022), jehož cílem je podpora nárustu populace orlu královských v panonské oblasti pomocí snížení úhynu zpusobených pronásledováním orlu clovekem. V návaznosti na projekt byla v CR vytvorena terénní psí jednotka pro potírání ptací kriminality, dále má být orel královský (Aquila heliaca) doplnen jako predmet ochrany Ptací oblasti Soutok – Tvrdonicko, plánováno je též jeho zarazení mezi zvlášte chránené druhy.
V rámci výzvy programu LIFE z roku 2017 CR uspela s návrhem Integrovaného projektu LIFE pro soustavu Natura 2000 v Ceské republice (LIFE17 IPE/CZ/000005), který bude realizován v letech 2019-2026.  Díky projektu bude mj. posílena implementace smernice o ptácích prostrednictvím sledování stavu predmetu ochrany jednotlivých ptacích oblastí a komunikace benefitu jejich ochrany. 
Zavedený systém odpovídajícího („naturového“) posouzení byl v roce 2018 posílen prijetím vyhlášky o jeho náležitostech v souvislosti s novelou stavebního zákona a související metodiky. Od roku 2013 jsou Ministerstvem životního prostredí každorocne porádána pravidelná setkávání osob se speciálním oprávnením (autorizací) toto posouzení provádet s cílem sjednotit praxi a komunikovat odborné prístupy hodnocení.

Ochrana druhu
V roce 2013 byla Agenturou ochrany a prírody CR vydána Metodická prírucka pro praktickou ochranu ptáku v zemedelské krajine.

V roce 2016 byl Ministerstvem životního prostredí vydán metodický pokyn „Zajištení ochrany ptáku pred úrazy na elektrických vedeních podle zákona c. 114/1992 Sb., o ochrane prírody a krajiny, ve znení pozdejších predpisu“, který mj. zakotvuje postup prípravy a hodnocení bezpecnosti konstrukcních rešení a ochranných prvku elektrických vedení.

Od roku 2016 bylo zavedeno koncepcní rešení ochrany synantropních druhu spocívající v povinnosti predložení odborného posudku (zahrnujícího mj. výsledky terénního šetrení a v prípade pozitivního nálezu návrh vhodného rešení odborne zpusobilou osobou) k žádosti o dotace zamerené na energetické snižování nárocnosti budov v rámci  Operacního programu Životní prostredí, Nová Zelená úsporám. 

V roce 2017 byla Agenturou ochrany a prírody CR vydána Metodika na ochranu krajiny pred fragmentací z hlediska ptáku (tato metodika reší problematiku linek elektrického vedení, sklenených ploch a vetrných elektráren).

S vazbou na ochranu ptacích druhu bylo realizováno mnoho opatrení státními i nevládními institucemi na celostátní i regionální úrovni, a to s vazbou na praktickou ochranu ptáku v terénu (napr. monitoring a ochrana hnízd a hnízdišt, instalace budek a hnízdních podložek, zabezpecení objektu proti nárazum ptáku, zabezpecení sloupu elektrického vedení, revitalizace hnízdních biotopu) i osvetovou cinnost (vzdelávací kurzy pro verejnost, exkurze, citizen science, publikace, propagacní materiály). Jako konkrétní príklad lze uvést kampan Ceské spolecnosti ornitologické „Sídla bezpecná pro ptáky“, která cílí na ochranu ptáku pred antropogenními pastmi (napr. pred nárazy do skel) nebo projekty Agentury ochrany prírody a krajiny CR zamerené na podporu ptacích druhu prostrednictvím péce o biotopy (napr. v rámci projektu „Dokoncení revitalizace Bohdanecského rybníka“, kdy byly vytvoreny vhodné podmínky pro hnízdení vodních a mokradních ptáku.

Naplnování cl. 10 smernice o ptácích - Za úcelem možnosti zajištování úcinné ochrany ptacích druhu byly podporeny výzkumné projekty (napr. Metodika monitoringu a sberu dat k urcení významných migracních koridoru ptáku a létajících savcu na úrovni CR, Monitoring zimujících populací vodních ptáku v CR 2013-2017, Vliv otrav pesticidy na ptáky, Realizace a zajištení rozboru u volne žijících živocichu s podezrením na otravu karbofuranem).

Monitoring ptáku by v období 2013 – 2018 naplnován formou financní podpory hnízdního atlasu rozšírení ptáku.","Natura 2000

In the 2013-2018 period there was no change in terms of the number of designated special protected areas (SPA) or their target species from the previous reporting period.  

Protection of the SPAs was ensured through legislative instruments (above all through the activities for which the consent of Nature Conservation Authority is required according to respective SPA Government Order, through the protection of wild birds, the conditions of the protection of the specially protected species, or through the application of Art. 6 of the Habitats Directive). For selected SPAs, which do not overlap with national protected areas (24 SPAs), management plans (as separate documents) are elaborated to determine optimum management for target species. In the 2013-2018 period management plans were elaborated for four SPAs (SPAs Jaroslavické rybníky, Českobudějovické rybníky, Heřmanský stav – Odra – Poolší, Bzenecká Doubrava – Strážnické Pomoraví)  and were updated for two SPAs (SPAs Východní Krušné hory, Novodomské rašeliniště - Kovářská). By the end of the year 2018, a total number of 10 management plans for SPAs out of 24 planned is available. For SPAs overlapping with national protected areas, conservation measures for target species are included in relevant management plans for these protected areas.

The CZ has appointed regional Nature Conservation authorities responsible for securing the management of SPAs. For the site management the CZ has dedicated national funds (mainly through subsidy schemes but also from state and regional budgets) and European funds (e.g. Operational Programme Environment – esp. Specific Objective 4.1 focused on the management of protected areas, and Rural Development Programme for land-users - esp. Agri-environment-climate measures, Natura 2000 payments). Additionally, LIFE programme, Interreg and EEA grants are used.

Coordinated monitoring of the target species of the SPAs was carried out by the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic and the Czech Society for Ornithology in 2013.

The CZ prepares Action plans for selected specially protected species that are in danger of extinction,. There were no Action plan for the bird species implemented in the period 2013 – 2018.  Among the species of Annex 1 of the Birds Directive Action plans for saker falcon (Falco cherrug) and great bustard (Otis tarda) are under preparation. 

The CZ also prepares Regional Action Plans for selected species which are regionally endangered,. Among the Species of Annex 1 of the Birds Directive Regional action plan for Western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) is implemeted in the SPA Beskydy. 

CZ is a partner of the LIFE project ""Conservation of the Eastern Imperial Eagle by decreasing human-caused mortality in the Pannonian Region"" (LIFE15 NAT / HU / 000902, implementation period 2016-2022) which aims to increase the population of the Eastern Imperial Eagle in the Pannonian region by reducing mortality caused by the persecution of eagles by man. In connection with the project a field dog unit was created in the CZ to combat bird crime, and the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) should be added as an target species to the SPA Soutok – Tvrdonicko and should be included in the list of the specially protected species.
The CZ has succeeded in the LIFE programme call for 2017 with a proposal of Integrated LIFE project for the Natura 2000 network in the Czech Republic (LIFE17 IPE/CZ/000005) to be carried out through 2019-2026. The project will inter alia strengthen implementation of the Birs Directive by assessment of target species status in individual SPAs and by communication the benefits of the Natura 2000 network to the wider public.
A well-established system of the appropriate assessment (AA) was enhanced by the adoption of a regulation No. 142/2018 Coll. on the AA content in connection to Building Act amendment and related Guidance material was issued. Annual meetings of AA licensed experts are being held from 2013 with the aim to unify professional opinions and communicate expert approaches to conducting the assessment.

Species Protection

In 2013, the methodological guidance for the practical protection of birds in the agricultural landscape was published by Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic.

In 2016, the methodological guidance for the ensuring the protection of birds from injuries on electrical lines according to Act No. 114/1992 Coll  was approved by the Ministry of the Environment. This guidance among other things enshrines the process of preparing and evaluating the safety of design solutions and protective elements of power lines.

Since 2016, a conceptual solution for the protection of synanthropic species has been introduced, consisting of the obligation to submit an expert opinion (including among other things the results of a field survey and, in case of a positive finding, a suitable solution by a competent person) for an application for subsidies aimed at reducing energy intensity of buildings under the Operational Programme Environment. 

In 2017, the methodological guidance for the protection of landscape from fragmentation from the birds point of view (this methodology addresses the issue of power lines, glass surfaces and wind power plants) was published by Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic.

Many actions concerning bird protection have been carried out by governmental and non‐governmental institutions at the national as well as the regional level. These actions concerned practical protection of birds in the field (monitoring and protection of nests and nesting sites, the installation of nesting boxes and boards, securing the objects to avoid birds injury, securing power line poles, revitalizing nesting habitats) and educational activities (educational courses for the public, field trips, citizen science, publications, promotional materials). A concrete example is the campaign of the Czech Ornithological Society ""Secure settlemens for birds"", which aims to protect birds from anthropogenic traps (e.g.  against collisions with glass objects)or projects of the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic focused on support of bird species through management of their habitats (for example within the project „Completing of revitalization of the Bohdaneč pond“suitable conditions for nesting of water and wetland birds have been created.)

The fulfillment of the Art. 10 of the Birds Directive – Several research projects were supported to ensure the effective protection of the bird species (Methodology of the Monitoring and Data Collection for the Determination of Important Migration Corridors of Birds and Mammals in the CZ, Monitoring of Wintering Waterbird Populations in the CZ in the period 2013-2017, Effect of Pesticide Poisoning on Birds, Realization and Provision of Analysis of Wild Animals with Suspicion of the Carbofuran Poisoning).

Bird monitoring was fulfilled in the form of financial support for the nesting atlas of birds in the period 2013-2018.","Website of the Ministry of the Environment dedicated to the Nature Directives
https://www.mzp.cz/cz/natura_2000
Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the Nature Directives
http://www.nature.cz/natura2000-design3/hp.php","Website of the Ministry of the Environment dedicated to the SPAs
https://www.mzp.cz/cz/ptaci_oblasti
Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the SPAs
http://www.nature.cz/natura2000-design3/sub-text.php?id=1804
Website of the Nature Conservancy Central Register
https://drusop.nature.cz/ost/chrobjekty/ptacob/index.php?Website of the Ministry of the Environment dedicated to the SPAs
https://www.mzp.cz/cz/ptaci_oblasti
Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the SPAs
http://www.nature.cz/natura2000-design3/sub-text.php?id=1804
Website of the Nature Conservancy Central Register
https://drusop.nature.cz/ost/chrobjekty/ptacob/index.php?","Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the monitoring and reporting according to the Habitats Directive
http://www.biomonitoring.cz/","Website of the Ministry of the Environment dedicated to the species protection
https://www.mzp.cz/cz/ochrana_volne_zijicich_ptaku
Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the species protection
http://www.ochranaprirody.cz/druhova-ochrana/ 
Website of the Nature Conservation Agency dedicated to the species Action and Management plans 
http://www.zachranneprogramy.cz/","Act No. 114/1992 Coll., on the Nature and Landscape Protection 
https://www.mzp.cz/www/platnalegislativa.nsf/58170589E7DC0591C125654B004E91C1/%24file/z114_1992.pdf",41,7034.37,7034.37,0,0,31-12-2018,41,100,29,72.93,Atlas of the breeding distribution of birds in the Czech Republic (2nd edition),2010,"Štastný K., Bejcek V., Hudec K, eds. (2006). Atlas hnízdního rozšírení ptáku v Ceské republice 2001-2003. Praha, Aventinum.","Red list of the Threatened Species of the Czech Republic, Vertebrates",2017,"Chobot K., Nemec M. , eds. (2017): Cervený seznam ohrožených druhu Ceské republiky, Obratlovci. Príroda 34, Agentura ochrany prírody a krajiny CR. 182 pp. ISBN 978-80-88076-46-9

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318589364_Cerveny_seznam_ohrozenych_druhu_Ceske_republiky_Obratlovci_Red_List_of_Threatened_Species_of_the_Czech_Republic_Vertebrates"
DE,"Im aktuellen Berichtszeitraum hat sich die Anzahl der Vogelschutzgebiete auf 742 Gebiete mit einer Gesamtfläche von 5.999.810 ha leicht erhöht (inklusive der Watt-, Bodden-, Meeresfläche sowie der Fläche des bundesdeutschen Bodensees nach Angaben des jeweiligen Bundeslandes, Meldestand vom 11.10.2018). Bezogen auf die Landfläche entspricht dies einem Anteil von 11,3 %. Im nationalen Bericht 2013 (Meldestand Dezember 2012) waren es 740 Gebiete mit einem Flächenanteil von 11,2 %.
Die Erarbeitung und Festlegung von Erhaltungsmaßnahmen für die Vogelschutzgebiete wurde im aktuellen Berichtszeitraum weitergeführt und es wurden weitere Managementpläne aufgestellt: Von 2013 bis 2018 waren es 340 Vogelschutzgebiete in Deutschland, und es wurden für ca. 49 % der Fläche der Vogelschutzgebiete die notwendigen Erhaltungsmaßnahmen festgelegt. Für weitere Vogelschutzgebiete sind Managementpläne in Vorbereitung. Auch die rechtliche Sicherung der Vogelschutzgebiete wurde im Berichtszeitraum durch die Bundesländer fortgesetzt. Die beiden Vogelschutzgebiete in der Ausschließlichen Wirtschaftszone „DE 1011-401 Östliche Deutsche Bucht“ in der Nordsee, sowie „DE 1552-401 Pommersche Bucht“ in der Ostsee sind bereits seit September 2005 als Naturschutzgebiet ausgewiesen. Im September 2017 wurden in der deutschen AWZ diese zwei Vogelschutzgebiete zusammen mit den acht FFH-Gebieten durch Rechtsverordnungen zu sechs Naturschutzgebieten (NSG) erklärt. Die bestehenden NSG wurden in diese neuen NSG integriert und ersetzen die bis dahin bestehenden Verordnungen. 

Deutschland hat ein allgemeines Schutzsystem etabliert, das Zugriff und Handel mit auf dem Gebiet der Mitgliedstaaten natürlich vorkommenden Arten verbietet, bzw. nur nach den weiteren Maßgaben der Richtlinie erlaubt. Bei einigen Vogelarten mit starken Bestandsrückgängen (z. B. Großer Brachvogel, Turteltaube) werden Erhaltungsanstrengungen in Deutschland durch die Jagd auf diese Arten außerhalb Deutschlands beeinträchtigt. Von illegaler Verfolgung sind vor allem Greifvögel und Eulen betroffen. Die 'Erfassungs- und Dokumentationsstelle Greifvogelverfolgung und Artenschutzkriminalität' des Komitee gegen den Vogelmord e. V. (CABS) belegt alljährlich etwa 150 Fälle illegaler Verfolgung z. B. auch bei Rotmilan, Uhu und Schreiadler. Die Dunkelziffer dürfte deutlich darüber liegen.

Die im Vogelschutzbericht 2013 erkennbaren positiven Bestandstrends für einige Vogelarten (insbesondere Vogelarten des Anhang I), für die Artenhilfsprogramme und spezielle Schutzmaßnahmen umgesetzt wurden, setzen sich in vielen Fällen fort. Dies betrifft insbesondere Großvogelarten wie z. B. Schwarzstorch und Kranich sowie und Greifvogelarten wie Fisch- und Seeadler, Wanderfalke und Wiesenweihe. Die Arten profitieren von gezielten Hilfsmaßnahmen wie z. B. der Einrichtung von Ruhezonen, dem Gelege- und Horstschutz oder einem speziellen Lebensraummanagement. 
Die Bestandssituation der Vogelarten der offenen Kulturlandschaft, insbesondere der am Boden brütenden Vogelarten, ist trotz regional intensiver Schutzmaßnahmen nach wie vor ungünstig. 
Vogelarten der Wiesen- und Feuchtlebensräume (z.B. Uferschnepfe, Großer Brachvogel, Bekassine) zählen aktuell zu den am stärksten im Bestand rückläufigen Brutvögeln. Vogelarten der Agrarlandschaft zeigen starke Bestandsrückgänge, insbesondere solche, die sich vorwiegend von Kleininsekten und Spinnen ernähren. Aktuell zeigen auch ehemals weit verbreitete und häufige Arten deutliche Bestandsabnahmen (z. B. Feldlerche, Goldammer, Rebhuhn, Star). Die Vogelarten gehen aufgrund der aktuellen Bedingungen hinsichtlich der Bewirtschaftung zurück. Wissenschaftliche Studien haben belegt, dass Zusammenhänge mit dem Rückgang von Grünland und landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen mit hohem Naturwert sowie dem zunehmenden Anbau von Energiepflanzen bestehen.
Es gibt positive Beispiele, die belegen, dass durch die Kombination aus Gebietsmanagement und einer Kooperation mit Landwirt/innen gute Erfolge erzielt werden können, z. B. in der Dümmerniederung in Niedersachsen oder im Königsauer Moos in Bayern. Es besteht weiterhin dringender Handlungsbedarf, innerhalb und auch außerhalb der Schutzgebiete Erhaltungsmaßnahmen für die Arten der Agrarlandschaft zu ergreifen und hierfür die notwendigen Finanzmittel bereitzustellen.
Mit den durch Bund und Länder unterstützten Vogelmonitoringprogrammen können Aussagen zur Situation der Vogelwelt in Deutschland bzw. den Ländern, zur Notwendigkeit und Steuerung von Schutzmaßnahmen und zum Erfolg des Artenschutzes in Bezug auf den Schutz der Triggerarten getroffen werden. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wurde im Berichtszeitraum auf die Verbesserung der Datenlage in europäischen Vogelschutzgebieten gelegt. Es wurde damit begonnen, die Monitoringprogramme der Landesfachbehörden und Vogelschutzwarten mit dem ehrenamtlichen Monitoring noch enger zu verzahnen. Für die Erstellung des Vogelschutzberichtes 2019 liefern das bundesweite, ehrenamtlich getragene Vogelmonitoring und die Monitoringprogramme der Länder zusammen mit dem im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Naturschutz (BfN) durchgeführten Monitoring in der AWZ die wesentlichen Angaben zu den Bestandsgrößen und -trends. 
Der Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten (ADEBAR) wurde im Jahr 2015 veröffentlicht. Für die Erstellung des nationalen Berichtes 2013 konnten die Angaben hieraus umfänglich genutzt werden. Die auf dem ADEBAR basierende Aktualisierung für den Bericht 2019 erfolgte mit Hilfe von Länderangaben und Daten aus dem Online-Portal ornitho.de. Dieses Portal wird vom Dachverband Deutscher Avifaunisten betrieben und erlangt zunehmend Bedeutung für die Einschätzung der Bestandssituation. Das Portal ornitho.de steht seit 2011 zur Verfügung und enthält derzeit (Stand Januar 2019) über 35 Mio. Datensätze. 
Ein weiteres Instrument zur Umsetzung der Vogelschutzrichtlinie ist das EU-Förderprogramm LIFE. Hier gibt es im Teilbereich Natur & Biologische Vielfalt mehrere Projekte, deren Förderung im Berichtszeitraum begonnen hat und die den Erhalt gefährdeter Vogelarten zum Inhalt haben: Reeds for LIFE (gefährdete Arten der Röhrichte), LIFE Limicodra (Wiesenvögel an der Küste), LIFE Rhön grassland birds (Wachtelkönig und andere Wiesenbrüter) und LIFE Forests waterworlds (Mittel-, Schwarz- und Grauspecht) sowie LIFE Limosa zum Schutz der Uferschnepfe.  
Im Rahmen des Bundesförderprogramms zur Biologischen Vielfalt (Umsetzung der Nationalen Strategie zur Biologischen Vielfalt) werden verschiedene Projekte mit einem Förderschwerpunkt auf Arten realisiert, für deren weltweiten Erhalt Deutschland eine besonders hohe Verantwortung hat, wie z.B. für Kiebitz und Rotmilan. Für den Kiebitz gibt es seit 2014 ein Artenhilfsprojekt zur Förderung des Kiebitzes in der Agrarlandschaft, mit dem Ziel verschiedene Maßnahmen für einen bundesweit besseren Schutz des Kiebitzes zu erarbeiten. Für den Rotmilan gibt es seit 2014 das Artenhilfsprojekt „Rotmilan Rhön“, in dem ein länderübergreifendes Landnutzungsmanagement ausgearbeitet werden soll, das zur Verbesserung der Brutplatzqualität sowie zur Optimierung der Nahrungshabitate und zur Vermeidung von Verlusten beitragen soll. Auch das Projekt „Naturschutzberatung zur Umsetzung von praktischen Maßnahmen zum Schutz und zur Entwicklung des Rotmilanbestandes in Deutschland“ kommt dieser Art zugute.
Durch die Vogelschutzrichtlinie besteht auch eine Verpflichtung zur Förderung von Forschung nach Art. 10 (1) der Vogelschutzrichtlinie. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde 2015 die 5. Fassung der bundesweiten Roten Liste der Brutvögel sowie 2013 die Rote Liste zu den wandernden Vogelarten veröffentlicht. Besonders erwähnenswert ist auch der 2014 erschienene Atlas des Vogelzugs (s. 6.4). Die alljährlich erscheinenden „Berichte zum Vogelschutz“ geben einen guten Überblick über aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt dabei in autökologischen Untersuchungen zu gefährdeten Vogelarten, z. B. zu Auerhuhn (u.a. Störungsökologie), Braunkehlchen (u.a. Habitatansprüche), Kiebitzregenpfeifer (Zugstrategien), Kuckuck (u.a. Interaktion mit Wirtsarten), Uferschnepfe (u.a. limitierende Faktoren des Bruterfolgs) und Wiesenweihe (Überwinterungsgebiete) und in Untersuchungen zur Auswirkung des Klimawandels auf die Vogelbestände (insbesondere Prognosen).","The number of special protection areas (SPAs) increased slightly during the current reporting period to 742 SPAs covering a total area of 5,999,810 ha (including tidal flats (Watt), shallow bays (Bodden), marine areas and the German area of Lake Constance according to information of the respective Federal States, data status 11 October 2018). Thus, protected areas now account for 11.3 % of Germany’s total terrestrial area. In the national Report 2013 740 sites were designated as SPAs, covering 11.2 % of the terrestrial area of Germany (December 2012).
The development and definition of conservation measures for the SPAs and the compilation of management plans continued during the current reporting period: between 2013 and 2018, Management plans for 340 SPAs have been compiled and the necessary conservation measures for 49 % of the SPA area have been defined. Management plans for more SPAs are in preparation. The legal protection of SPAs through the Federal States continued during the reporting period as well. Both SPAs in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) “DE 1011-401 Östliche Deutsche Bucht” (Eastern Germany Bay) in the North Sea and “DE 1552-401 Pommersche Bucht” (Pomeranian Bay) have been designated as nature protection area since September 2005. These two SPAs in the EEZ together with the eight SACs in the EEZ have been declared as six conservation areas in September 2017. The already existing conservation areas have been integrated into these new conservation areas and replace the old regulations.
Germany established a general system of protection which prohibits the access to and trade with species occurring naturally in the territory of the Member States or allows it only in accordance with the provisions of the Directive. The conservation efforts in Germany for some species of wild birds with strongly declining populations (e.g. European curlew, turtledove) are hampered by hunting of these species in other countries. Raptors and owls are also affected by illegal persecution. The recording and documentation centre for raptor persecution and crime against protected species (EDGAR) of the Committee Against Bird Slaughter (CABS) documents about 150 cases of illegal persecution each year, e.g. of red kite, eagle owl and lesser spotted eagle. The number of unrecorded cases is estimated significantly higher.
The positive population trends of some bird species (especially species of Annex I) in the National Report 2013, for which species conservation programmes and special conservation measures have been implemented, continues for many of these species. This is particularly the case for large birds such as black stork and crane as well as raptor species such as osprey, white-tailed eagle, peregrine falcon and Montagu’s harrier. The species benefit from targeted measures, e.g. the establishment of no-admittance areas, clutch protection and habitat management.
The population status of bird species living in open landscapes, especially ground-nesting birds, remains poor despite intensive conservation measures. Meadow birds (e.g. black-tailed godwit, common snipe) are currently among the most endangered groups of breeding birds. Birds living in agricultural landscapes show a strong population decline, especially those feeding mainly on small insects and spiders. Even populations of species which were common and widely distributed in the past are currently declining considerably (e.g. skylark, yellowhammer, partridge, and starling). These bird species decline due to the current conditions of land use. Scientific studies proved correlations of the population decline with the decrease of (extensively used) grassland and agricultural areas of high ecological value as well as the increasing cultivation of energy crops.
A number of examples demonstrate that a combination of site management and cooperation with farmers can lead to positive results, e.g. in the conservation areas Dümmer lowland (Dümmerniederung) in Lower Saxony or Königsauer Moos in Bavaria. However, there is still an urgent need to implement conservation measures for farmland species, both within and outside the SPAs, and to provide the necessary financial resources.
The bird monitoring supported by the Federal Government and the Federal States enable conclusions on the state of the avifauna in Germany and the respective States, the necessity and management of conservation measures as well as achievements regarding the conservation of trigger species. During the reporting period, special attention was given to the improvement of the data on European SAPs. The tight interlocking of monitoring programmes of the federal agencies and ornithological stations with honorary monitoring began during the current reporting period and is still going on. The nationwide honorary bird monitoring and the monitoring programmes of the Federal States combined with the monitoring in the EEZ on behalf of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) provided the necessary information on population sizes and trends for the National Report 2019.
The Atlas of German breeding bird species (ADEBAR) was published in 2015. Information collected through the ADEBAR project was used extensively in the compilation of the National Report 2013. The update for the National Report 2019 based on ADEBAR was conducted utilising information provided by the Federal States and the online portal “ornitho.de”. This portal operated by the Federation of German Avifaunists (DDA) gains increasing importance for the assessment of the state of populations. Ornito.de is available since 2011 and currently (January 2019) contains more than 35 million records.
The LIFE-Nature programme is another instrument for implementing the Birds Directive. A number of projects dealing with the conservation of endangered bird species were funded as part of the Environment sub-programme (Nature and Biodiversity section) during the current reporting period: Reeds for LIFE (endangered species living in reed habitats), LIFE Limicodra (meadow birds at the coast), LIFE Rhön grassland birds (corncrake and other meadow birds), LIFE Forests waterworlds (middle-spotted, black and grey-headed woodpecker) and LIFE Limosa for the protection of the black-tailed godwit.
Within the scope of the Federal Biological Diversity Programme (implementation of the National Strategy on Biological Diversity) a part of the funding is particularly focused on species for which Germany has a high international responsibility for the preservation of viable populations, e.g. lapwing or red kite. A protection programme for the support of the lapwing in agricultural landscapes exists since 2014. It develops different measures for the nationwide protection of the lapwing. Since 2014, the protection programme “red kite Rhön” (Rotmilan Rhön) elaborates a land use management comprising several Federal States to improve the quality of hatcheries, optimise feeding habitats and avoid population losses. The species also benefits of the project “conservation consulting service for the implementation of practical measures for the protection and development of the red kite populations in Germany”.
The Birds Directive also stipulates the support of research, in particular regarding article 10 (1) of the Birds Directive. In this context, the fifth edition of the nationwide red list of breeding birds was published in 2015 as well as the Red List of migratory bird species in 2013. The atlas of bird migration which was published in 2014 is especially noteworthy. The annual “report on bird protection” gives an overview of current research. It focuses on autecological studies on endangered bird species, e.g. capercaillie (e.g. disturbance ecology), whinchat (e.g. habitat requirements), grey plover (migratory strategies), cuckoo (interaction with host species), black-tailed godwit (e.g. limiting factors of breeding success) and Montagu’s harrier (wintering areas), as well as studies on the impact of climate change on bird populations (especially prognoses).","HB: Broschüre Natura 2000 in Bremen (https://www.bmub.bund.de/themen/natur-biologische-vielfalt-arten/naturschutz-biologische-vielfalt/gebietsschutz-und-vernetzung/natura-2000/
https://www.bfn.de/themen/natura-2000/berichte-monitoring/nationaler-vogelschutzbericht/2013.html
https://www.bfn.de/themen/artenschutz/regelungen/vogelschutzrichtlinie.html
https://www.bfn.de/themen/natura-2000/berichte-monitoring/nationaler-vogelschutzbericht/2013.html
https://www.bfn.de/themen/natura-2000/richtlinien-grundsaetze.html#c71800
BB: https://mlul.brandenburg.de/info/natura2000
BE: http://www.berlin.de/senuvk/natur_gruen/naturschutz/natura2000/de/gebiete/index.shtml
BW: https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/europaeische-naturschutzrichtlinien
BY: http://www.stmuv.bayern.de/themen/naturschutz/biodiversitaet/natura2000/index.htm
HB: https://www.bauumwelt.bremen.de/sixcms/detail.php?gsid=bremen213.c.23878.de
HE: https://umwelt.hessen.de/umwelt-natur/naturschutz/schutzgebiete/europaeisches-schutzgebietenetz-natura-2000
HH: https://www.hamburg.de/natura2000/
MV: https://www.lung.mv-regierung.de/insite/cms/umwelt/natur/schutzgebiete_portal/schutzgebiete_eu.htm
NI: https://www.umwelt.niedersachsen.de/themen/natur_landschaft/natura_2000/egvogelschutzrichtlinie/8933.html
NW: http://www.umwelt.nrw.de/naturschutz/natur/schutzgebiete-und-wertvolle-naturraeume/natura2000-netzwerk/#Art12VSchRL2019(2).accdb# 
RP: https://www.naturschutz.rlp.de/?q=natura2000
SH: https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/Themen/N/natura2000.html
SL: https://www.saarland.de/dokumente/thema_naturschutz/MFU_Natura2000_Gebiete_A5_web.pdf; https://www.saarland.de/natura2000.htm
SN: https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/19240.htm
ST: https://lau.sachsen-anhalt.de/naturschutz/natura-2000/; www.natura2000-lsa.de/natura-2000/
TH: https://www.thueringen.de/th8/tlug/umweltthemen/naturschutz/natura2000/index.aspx)","HB: Broschüre NATURA2000 in Bremen, Faltblattserie über die Schutzgebiete im Land Bremen (http://www.bfn.de/0316_natura2000.html
http://www.geodienste.bfn.de/schutzgebiete/
AW: https://www.bfn.de/themen/meeresnaturschutz/nationale-meeresschutzgebiete.html
BB: https://lfu.brandenburg.de/cms/detail.php/bb1.c.350510.de
BE: https://www.berlin.de/senuvk/natur_gruen/naturschutz/natura2000/de/gebiete/uebersicht.shtml 
BW:  https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/vogelschutzgebiete 
BY: http://www.stmuv.bayern.de/themen/naturschutz/schutzgebiete/eu_vogelschutzgebiete.htm
HB: https://www.bauumwelt.bremen.de/umwelt/natur/vogelschutzgebiete-24122
HE: https://umwelt.hessen.de/umwelt-natur/naturschutz/schutzgebiete/europaeisches-schutzgebietenetz-natura-2000
HH: http://www.hamburg.de/schutzgebietskarte/
MV: https://www.lung.mv-regierung.de/dateien/liste_spa.pdf ; https://www.umweltkarten.mv-regierung.de/atlas/script/index.php
NI: http://www.nlwkn.niedersachsen.de/startseite/naturschutz/natura_2000/euvogelschutzrichtlinie_und_euvogelschutzgebiete/euvogelschutzgebiete_niedersachsen/einzelnen_euvogelschutzgebiete_niedersachsens/die-einzelnen-eu-vogelschutzgebiete-niedersachsens-130277.html
NW: http://natura2000-meldedok.naturschutzinformationen.nrw.de/natura2000-meldedok/de/fachinfo/listen/vsg
RP: https://www.naturschutz.rlp.de/?q=vogelschutzgebiete, https://www.naturschutz.rlp.de/?q=natura2000_kartenservice
SH: https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/Fachinhalte/S/schutzgebiete/vogelschutz/Vogelschutzgebiete.html
SL: http://geoportal.saarland.de/mapbender/frames/index_ext.php?gui_id=Template_GDZ&WMC=3372
SN: https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/natura2000/index.aspx ; https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/29363.htm
ST: www.natura2000-lsa.de/schutzgebiete/natura2000-gebiete/
TH: https://www.thueringen.de/th8/tlug/umweltthemen/naturschutz/natura2000/natura2000-gebiete_th/index.aspx)","BE: Auskunft bei der Senatsverwaltung für Umwelt, Verkehr und Klimaschutz Berlin
HH: Informationen auf Anfrage über Staatliche Vogelschutzwarte Hamburg (http://www.dda-web.de/index.php?cat=monitoring&subcat=aktuell
https://www.bfn.de/themen/monitoring/vogelmonitoring.html
http://www.bfn.de/0314_marines-monitoring.html
AW: https://www.bfn.de/themen/meeresnaturschutz/marines-monitoring/wirbeltiere/seevoegel.html
BB:  https://lfu.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/lbm1.a.3310.de/vsw_monitoringa.pdf 
BW:  https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/brutvogelmonitoring ; https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/eg-vogelschutzrichtlinie1470126204028-0 
BY: https://www.lfu.bayern.de/natur/monitoring_vogelbestand/index.htm
HE: https://vswffm.de/index.php/projekte/spa-monitoring
MV: https://www.lung.mv-regierung.de/insite/cms/umwelt/natur/artenschutz/as_voegel.htm
NI: http://www.nlwkn.niedersachsen.de/naturschutz/staatliche_vogelschutzwarte/vogelartenerfassungsprogramm/das-niedersaechsische-vogelarten-erfassungsprogramm-38663.html
NW: https://www.lanuv.nrw.de/natur/biodiversitaetsmonitoring/#Art12VSchRL2019(2).accdb#
SH: http://docplayer.org/31795970-Landesamt-fuer-natur-und-umwelt-des-landes-schleswig-holstein-europaeischer-vogelschutz-in-schleswig-holstein-arten-und-schutzgebiete.html
SN: https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/23579.htm
ST: http://www.tierartenmonitoring-sachsen-anhalt.de/index.php 
TH: https://www.thueringen.de/th8/tlug/umweltthemen/naturschutz/zoo_artenschutz/th_arten_erfass/index.aspx)","weitere artspezifische Informationen zum Artenschutz siehe Annex B, Punkt 8.6. (https://www.bfn.de/themen/artenschutz.html
https://www.bfn.de/themen/planung/eingriffe/besonderer-artenschutz.html
BB: https://lfu.brandenburg.de/cms/detail.php/bb1.c.384010.de
BE: http://www.berlin.de/senuvk/natur_gruen/naturschutz/artenschutz/index.shtml
BW: https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/artenschutz
BY:  https://www.lfu.bayern.de/natur/artenhilfsprojekte_voegel/index.htm 
HE: https://umwelt.hessen.de/umwelt-natur/naturschutz/arten-biotopschutz/artenschutz
HH: http://www.hamburg.de/artenschutz/
MV: https://www.lung.mv-regierung.de/insite/cms/umwelt/natur/artenschutz.htm
NI: http://www.nlwkn.niedersachsen.de/naturschutz/staatliche_vogelschutzwarte/vollzugshinweise_arten_und_lebensraumtypen/vollzugshinweise-fuer-arten-und-lebensraumtypen-46103.html
NW: https://www.lanuv.nrw.de/natur/artenschutz/
RP: https://lfu.rlp.de/de/naturschutz/arten-und-biotopschutz/
SH: https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/Themen/A/artenschutz.html
SL: https://www.saarland.de/8883.htm
SN: https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/20406.htm; https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/17912.htm 
TH: https://www.thueringen.de/th8/tlug/umweltthemen/naturschutz/zoo_artenschutz/index.aspx)","BE: Auskunft bei der Senatsverwaltung für Umwelt, Verkehr und Klimaschutz Berlin (http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bnatschg_2009/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/wildtart_bkg/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/eulraum_bkg/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/wv_gelabkg/
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bartschv_2005/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bjagdg/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/bwildschv/index.html
http://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/jagdzeitv_1977/index.html
AW: https://www.bfn.de/themen/recht/rechtsetzung.html ; https://www.bfn.de/themen/meeresnaturschutz/nationale-meeresschutzgebiete.html
BB: http://bravors.brandenburg.de/gesetze/bbgnatschag_2016
BW: https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/management-und-sicherung
BY: https://www.lfu.bayern.de/natur/natura_2000_vollzugshinweise_erhaltungsziele/index.htm
HE: http://www.rpda.de/01%20Natura%202000-Verordnung/Natura2000-VO-RPDA/allgemeiner_VO_Text/verordnungstext.html; http://natura2000-verordnung.rp-giessen.de/allgemeiner_VO_Text/verordnungstext.html; http://rpkshe.de/Natura_2000_VO/allgemeiner_VO_Text/verordnungstext.html
MV: http://www.landesrecht-mv.de/jportal/portal/page/bsmvprod.psml?showdoccase=1&doc.id=jlr-VogelSchVMVrahmen&doc.part=X&doc.origin=bs&st=lr
NI: https://www.nlwkn.niedersachsen.de/startseite/naturschutz/natura_2000/euvogelschutzrichtlinie_und_gebiete/bekanntmachung_mu_im_nds_ministerialblatt/bekanntmachung-der-eu-vogelschutzgebiete-im-niedersaechsischen-ministerialblatt-46148.html
RP: http://www.natura2000.rlp.de/pdf/erhaltungsziele_natura2000.pdf, http://landesrecht.rlp.de/jportal/portal/t/20x0/page/bsrlpprod.psml/action/portlets.jw.MainAction?p1=1&eventSubmit_doNavigate=searchInSubtreeTOC&showdoccase=1&doc.hl=0&doc.id=jlr-NatSchGRP2015pIVZ&doc.part=S&toc.poskey=#focuspoint
SH: http://www.gesetze-rechtsprechung.sh.juris.de/jportal/;jsessionid=E3C791C26B1B1CF988EBB53317A49405.jp14?quelle=jlink&query=NatSchG+SH&psml=bsshoprod.psml&max=true&aiz=true#jlr-NatSchGSH2010pG6
SN: https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/20030.htm
ST: https://www.natura2000-lsa.de/rechtliche-sicherung/natura-2000-landesverordnung/
TH: https://www.thueringen.de/th8/tlug/umweltthemen/naturschutz/natura2000/rechtliche_grundlagen/index.aspx)",742,59998.1,40279.85,31,19718.25,11-10-2018,468,66.5,340,48.6,"Atlas deutscher Brutvogelarten, Atlas of German Breeding Birds",2015,"Gedeon, K., C. Grüneberg, A. Mitschke & C. Sudfeldt (2015): Atlas Deutscher Brutvogelarten. SVD & DDA, Münster.","Rote Liste der Brutvögel Deutschlands. 5. Fassung, 30. November 2015",2015,"Grüneberg, C., H.-G. Bauer, H. Haupt, O. Hüppop, T. Ryslavy & P. Südbeck (2015): Rote Liste der Brutvögel Deutschlands. 5. Fassung, 30. November 2015. Ber. Vogelschutz 52: 19-67"
DK,"EU’s habitat og fuglebeskyttelsesdirektiv er i Danmark implementeret i en række sektorlove der sorterer under en række forskellige ministerier med henblik på at opfylde forpligtelserne i direktiverne.

Inden for miljø- og naturbeskyttelsesområdet er direktivforpligtelserne implementeret gennem habitatbekendtgørelsen og i en række ”hovedlove”: Miljømålsloven (udpegning af Natura 2000 og Natura 2000-planlægning), skovloven (Natura 2000-skovplanlægning, skovanmeldelsesordning og påbudsregler, naturtype-beskyttelse), naturbeskyttelsesloven (anmeldelsesordning, påbudsregler i Natura 2000, naturtype- og artsbeskyttelse, til dels fredninger) og jagt- og vildtforvaltningsloven (artsbeskyttelse, vildtreservater), herunder artsfredningsbekendtgørelsen (artsbeskyttelse). Derudover betragtes bestemmelser i så godt som alle øvrige natur- og miljøbeskyttelseslove som værende af betydning i gennemførelsen af direktiverne, f.eks. vandløbsloven (vandløbsbeskyttelse, bræmmer, færdsel). 

I den nationale planlovgivning fremgår det ligeledes, at alle relevante planer og projekter skal behandles i overensstemmelse med habitatdirektivets artikel 6.3 (dvs. en vurdering af eventuelle konsekvenser af planer og projekter). Denne artikel gælder også for fuglebeskyttelsesdirektivets relevante arter. Såfremt de ansvarlige myndigheder ikke overholder bestemmelserne i naturbeskyttelses direktiverne kan det påklages til de relevante ankenævn.
 
Der anvendes en systematisk planlægningstilgang for alle danske Natura 2000-områder. Områderne dækker ca. 9 % af det danske landareal og 18 % af det marine areal. Denne planlægningsproces betyder, at der er udarbejdet en naturplan for i alt 250 Natura 2000-områder for perioden 2016-21. De 250 planer omfatter alle de danske habitat- og fuglebeskyttelsesområder. Ved udgangen af 2018 er antallet dog steget til 257 områder efter udpegning af nye Natura områder. De nye områder afrapporteres i den næste periode. Tilhørende handleplaner på et mere detaljeret niveau er udarbejdet af kommuner (for private arealer) og statslige lodsejere for alle statsejede områder. Planerne ligger på Miljøstyrelsens hjemmeside:
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/natura-2000/natura-2000-planer/natura-2000-planer-2016-21/ 

Planerne blev offentliggjort i april 2016. Til grund for planerne ligger en såkaldt basisanalyse, der er en opsummering af den eksisterende viden for det enkelte område. For at vurdere fremdrift i planlægningstiltagene er der udarbejdet Natura 2000-tilstandssystemer for forskellige naturtyper herunder de fleste lysåbne naturtyper, mindre søer og levesteder for visse arter. Tilstandssystemet er også et dialogværktøj bl.a. over for lodsejere, og er møntet på tilstanden af konkrete arealer. Natura 2000-planer er bindende for de relevante myndigheder.

Tiltagene for at forbedre Natura 2000-naturen vil inden for planperioden udmønte sig i en række forbedrende aktiviteter inklusiv naturforvaltning (græsning, høslæt, rydning mv.), bekæmpelse af invasive arter, sikring af skovnatur, regulering af forstyrrelser, genetablering af naturlige vandløb og søer og etablering af nye vandhuller, konvertering af arealer til Natura 2000-natur, regulering af fiskeri og regulering af luftbåren kvælstof. Forbedret vandkvalitet vil sikres gennem implementering af vandområdeplanerne, der er udarbejdet som en del af gennemførslen af vandrammedirektivet. Udgangspunktet er, at indsatser aftales med lodsejere på frivillig basis.

Naturstyrelsen under Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet forvalter cirka 200.000 hektar statslige skove og naturområder. Ca. 87.000 hektar er Natura 2000-områder fordelt på ca. 61.000 hektar lysåben natur og ca. 25.000 hektar skovnatur. I den seneste rapporteringsperiode har Naturstyrelsen udført en række indsatser på de statsejede områder mhp. at styrke beskyttelsen af fugle herunder bilag 1 arter på fuglebeskyttelsesdirektivet. Indsatserne fordeler sig i fire kategorier: 

1) Naturstyrelsen har i samarbejde med Dansk Ornitologisk Forening (DOF) udført følgende fælles indsatser om fuglebeskyttelse:
• Kortlægning af ynglepladser for dværgterne og hvidbrystet præstekrave samt opsætning af informationsskilte for at markere redesteder. Nogle områder er derudover indhegnet for at beskytte reder mod rovdyr (ræve og mårhund), løse hunde og færdsel.
• Opsætning af redekasser og andre ynglefaciliteter til fugle, der har behov for disse faciliteter såsom vendehals, perleugle, hvinand og sortterne.
• Kortlægning af redesteder i skovområder mhp. at undgå forstyrrelser fra færdsel og træproduktion. Her har fokus især været på større rovfugle (ørne, fiskeørn, rød glenter, hvepsevåge, stor hornugle og sortspætte.

2) Udførelse af LIFE-projekter, dels REDCOHA (Restaurering af danske kysthabitater) omfattende heder, Hulsig Hede og Råbjerg Mose, dels REMAB (Restaurering af engfuglehabitater) målrettet engvadefugle på fugledirektivets bilag 1.
• Genopretning og forbedring af heder mhp. at forbedre levemulighederne for tinksmed og natravn.
• Etablering af kunstige yngleøer i en række fuglebeskyttelsesområder både i den vestlige og den østlige del af landet for at forbedre redningsmulighederne for klyde, dværgterne, fjordterne, havterne og sandterne. Ofte har disse arter etableret redekolonier umiddelbart efter øernes etablering.
• Rydning af nåletræer på heder og etablering af små, lavvandede damme på hede og forladte græsarealer for at forbedre ynglemulighederne for tinksmed.
• Genopretning af naturlig hydrologi, rydning af invasive og ikke-oprindelige træarter, kortlægning og bekæmpelse af rynket rose og glansbladet hæg, forbedring og genskabelse af ynglehabitater for f.eks. rørdrum, engsnarre, brushane, engryle, mosehornugle og tinksmed.

3) Naturgenopretning
• I den seneste rapporteringsperiode har Naturstyrelsen restaureret et stort antal tidligere vådområder. Det samlede areal er omkring 5.000 ha fordelt på ca. 30 forskellige lokaliteter. Hovedmålet har dog været at reducere udledning af næringsstoffer og frigivelse af carbondioxid. Et stort antal ænder, gæs og vadefugle drager fordel af de nye levesteder.
• I alle statsejede skove udnævnes 3-5 træer pr. ha som såkaldte livstræer, hvilket betyder at disse træer aldrig vil blive fældet, men efterlades til naturlig henfald. Det vil gavne hulrugende småfugle, ugler og spætter som fx s sortspætte.
• 13.800 ha statsejet skov er udpeget som urørt skov – dvs. skov uden træproduktion. Det forventes at udlægning af urørt skov vil gavne de samme arter som nævnt under livstræer samt skovlevende rovfugle.

4) Invasive arter og prædation
• Amerikansk mink er en invasiv art og et alvorlig skadedyr for vandfugle i mange våde fuglebeskyttelsesområder. I henhold til den danske mink-handlingsplan sker indsats for at begrænse mink især disse vådområder. Handlingsplanen tegner sig for ca. 10 % af alle nedlagte mink i Danmark.
• Mårhund er en anden invasiv art, der skader vandfugle i fuglebeskyttelsesområder. Den danske indsats mod mårhund involverer et stort antal frivillige jægere såvel som ansatte skovfolk.
• I mange våde fuglebeskyttelsesområder er der iværksat indsats mod prædation fra rovdyr i tæt samarbejde med Danmarks Jægerforbund. Ræv er den vigtigste prædator på æg og unger af ænder og vadefugle i disse områder.

Fuglearter på udpegningsgrundlaget for fuglebeskyttelsesområder overvåges løbende i det statslige naturovervågningsprogram NOVANA. Direktivforpligtelserne har medført en væsentlig forøgelse af fugleovervågningsindsatsen i Danmark.
Jagtlovens formål er at sikre arts- og individrige vildtbestande og skabe grundlag for en bæredygtig jagt. Der er fastsat jagttid på 33 fuglearter. Der drives i udgangspunktet ikke jagt på fugle i yngletiden eller på fugle som er på træk mod nordligere ynglepladser om foråret. Jagttiderne varierer fra art til art som udgangspunkt inden for tidsrummet 1. september til 31. januar. Jagttiderne revideres som udgangspunkt hvert tredje år baseret på faglige vurderinger af arternes bestandsudvikling samt antallet af nedlagte fugle. Der udarbejdes en videnskabelig rapport som grundlag for revisionen.

I Danmark er der 96 vildtreservater, der bl.a. skal bidrage til at friholde væsentlige raste- eller yngleområder for jagt og/eller menneskelig færdsel. Reservaterne har forskellig størrelse, karakter og formål. Tidligere undersøgelser har vist, at vildtreservater er af stor betydning for fældende og rastende vandfugle.","In Denmark, the EU Bird and Habitat Directives is implemented in a number of sectoral Danish laws that fall under a number of different ministries in order to fulfill obligations in the directives.

Directive obligations have been implemented through the Habitats Order and in a number of ""main laws"" such as the Environmental Target Act (“Miljømålsloven”) (designation of Natura 2000 sites and Natura 2000 planning), the Forest Act (Natura 2000 forest planning, forest reporting scheme, injunction rules, nature type protection scheme), the Nature Protection Act (mandatory rules in Natura 2000, nature type and species protection, area conservation) and the Hunting and Wildlife Management Act (species protection, game reserves and the Species Conservation Order). In addition, the provisions of virtually all the other nature and environmental laws are considered to be of importance in the Danish implementation of the nature directives, e.g. the Watercourse Act (watercourse protection, streams fringe, traffic).

The national planning legislation emphasize that all relevant plans and projects must be treated in accordance with Article 6.3 of the Habitats Directive (that is assessment of any consequence of plans and projects). This article also applies to the relevant species of the Birds Directive. If the responsible authorities do not comply with the nature directives, plans or projects can be appealed to the relevant Appeals Board.

A systematic planning approach is in use for all Danish Natura 2000 sites. The sites cover approx. 9 % of the Danish terrestrial surface and 18 % of the marine territory. This planning process means that a nature plan is in place for all 250 Danish Natura 2000 sites for the period 2016-21. By the end of 2018, the total site number has increased to 257 sites after designation of some new N2K sites. The new sites will be reported in the next reporting period. The 250 nature plans include all the Danish bird and habitat N2000 sites. As part of the planning, the Municipalities have the responsibility for preparing management plans for privately owned land while state landowners must do the same for state-owned land. The plans were published in April 2016 at the Environmental Protection Agency web here:
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/natura-2000/natura-2000-planer/natura-2000-planer-2016-21/

A so-called base-analysis is an essential starting point for each nature plan in which the existing knowledge for each area are summarized. To assess progress in planning efforts, Natura 2000 assessment systems for various habitats have been developed, including most light-open habitats, smaller lakes and habitats for certain species. The assessment system is also a tool for dialogue with landowners about the state and the management of the site. Natura 2000 plans are binding for the relevant authorities.
During the plan period a number of conservation efforts will include nature management (grazing, mowing, grubbing, etc.), fighting invasive species, protecting forest nature, controlling disturbances, restoring natural streams and lakes and establishing new ponds, converting of cultivated land into Natura 2000 nature, fishery regulation and limitation of gaseous nitrogen pollution. Improved water quality will be ensured through the implementation of the river basin plans, which is prepared as part of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive. The management activities are initiated on the basis of voluntary agreements with the landowners.
The bird species that form the basis for the foundation for the designation of the Special Protected Areas are regularly monitored in the Danish nature monitoring scheme NOVANA. The directive obligations have led to a significant increase in bird monitoring efforts in Denmark.

The Nature Agency under the Ministry of Environment and Food manages about 200,000 hectares of state forests and nature areas. App 87,000 hectares are designated Natura 2000 sites (61,000 ha light-open nature and 25,000 ha forest nature). During the recent reporting period, the Danish Nature Agency has carried out a number of efforts in the state-owned areas in order to enhance the protection of birds including Annex 1 species on the Birds Directive. The initiatives can be grouped into four main areas: 

1) Joint projects  in cooperation with DOF BirdLife Denmark:
•	Little Tern and Kentish Plover nesting sites are mapped and information signs are posted to mark breeding sites. Some areas are in addition being fenced against predators (fox and raccoon dog), dogs and human traffic (incl dogs).
•	Nestboxes and nesting facilities are being put up for birds needing these facilities such as Wryneck, Tengmalm’s Owl, Common Goldeneye and Black Tern.
•	Mapping of nesting sites within forested areas, in order to avoid disturbance from human traffic and timber production. The main target birds are large raptors (eagles, osprey, kites, Honey Buzzards and Eagle Owl) and Black Woodpecker.

2) LIFE projects, where REDCOHA (Restoration of Danish Coastal Habitats), Heathlands, Hulsig Hede, Råbjerg Mose and REMAB (Restoration of Meadow Bird Habitats) have targeted a number of birds on the Birds Directive Annex 1.
• 	Restoration and improvement of heathlands that are expected breeding habitats of Wood Sandpiper and Nightjar.
• 	Establishment of artificial bird besting islands in a number of SPA’s both in the western and in the eastern part of the country in order to improve nesting possibilities for Avocet, Little Tern, Common Tern, Arctic Tern and Gull-billed Tern. Often these species have established nesting colonies immediately after the establishment of the islands.
• 	Clearing heathlands of invasive conifers, and establishment and restoration of small, shallow ponds on heathlands and abandoned grasslands in order to improve breeding possibilities for Wood Sandpiper.
• 	Restoration of the natural hydrology of the sites, clearing of invasive and non-indigenous tree species, map and combat Japanese rose and Prunus serotina, improve and restore breeding conditions e.g. for Eurasian Bittern, Corncrake, Ruff, Dunlin, Short-eared Owl and Wood Sandpiper.

3) Nature Restoration in state owned sites
•	During the last reporting period, The Danish Nature Agency have restored a large number of former wetlands. The total area is around 5,000 ha on app 30 different sites – either in progress (under evaluation) or accomplished. However, the main objective has been to reduce leakage of nutrients and to reduce release of carbondioxide. A large number of ducks, geese and wading birds benefit from the new habitats. 
• 	In all state owned forests 3-5 trees per ha are to be appointed so-called Life Trees. This means that these trees can never be felled and will be left for natural decay. Especially Black Woodpecker and partly Red-backed Shrike will benefit.
• 	13,800 ha of state owned forest are designated as untouched forest – forest without timber production. This designation will favour the same annex 1 species as mentioned under Life Trees. In addition, also forest nesting owls and raptors are expected to improve their breeding opportunities.

4) Invasive species and predator control
• 	American Mink is an invasive species, which is a severe pest in many wet SPA’s. According to the Danish Mink Action Plan especially these wetlands are being addressed as primary target for controlling mink. The Action Plan accounts for app 10 % of all mink bagged in Denmark.
• 	Raccoon Dog is another invasive species causing damage in wet SPA’s. The Danish action plan is involving a large number of volunteers as well as professional staff using Judas animals.
• 	In many wet SPA’s predator control is established in close cooperation with The Danish Hunting Society. Fox is the main predator for many of the nesting ducks and wading birds in these areas.

The purpose of the Hunting Act is to secure species and game populations and to create a basis for sustainable hunting. A hunting period has been established for 33 bird species. In principle, there is no bird hunting during the breeding season or during spring migration. Individual hunting limits for each game species have been established during the open season in the period from 1 September to 31 January and is being evaluated every three years based on the basis of scientific assessments. 

96 wildlife reserves with a hunting ban have been established in Denmark. The areas are of importance for waterbirds and often other types of outdoor activities is regulated or forbidden. The wildlife reserves are of different size and with various aims. Previous studies have shown that the wildlife reserves are of significant importance for moulting and staging waterbirds",https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/international-naturbeskyttelse/eu-direktiver/naturbeskyttelsesdirektiver/,"The Danish Environmental Protection Agency in the Ministry of Environment and Food is responsible for the designation as well as for the Natura 2000 planning process. By end 2018 a total of 113 Special Protected Areas (SPA's) were designated for birds. For more information see:

https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/natura-2000/natura-2000-omraaderne/fakta-om-omraaderne/
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/natura-2000/natura-2000-omraaderne/udpegningsgrundlag/
https://mst.dk/media/117138/fugl-udpgr-2012-31dec.pdf
http://miljoegis.mim.dk/cbkort?selectorgroups=themecontainer%20Natura2000%20fredning&mapext=277608%206024994.2%201064040%206422715.8&layers=theme-gst-dtkskaerm_daempet%20ef_fugle_bes_omr&mapheight=969&mapwidth=1925&profile=miljoegis-natura2000

https://naturstyrelsen.dk/publikationer/2008/dec/ef-fuglebeskyttelsesomraader-og-ramsaromraader/","Bird monitoring are included in the National Environmental Monitoring Programme (NOVANA) since 2004. The bird monitoring scheme aims to collect data for species listed in appendix 1 of the Birds Directive or for which SPAs have been designated. For more details:

https://mst.dk/natur-vand/overvaagning-af-vand-og-natur/
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/overvaagning-af-vand-og-natur/terrestriske-naturtyper-og-arter/
https://mst.dk/service/publikationer/publikationsarkiv/2017/okt/novana-2017-21/
https://dce2.au.dk/pub/SR261.pdf","The legal protection of species as well as the protection of certain habitats have been implemented through the Hunting and Game Management Act and the Nature Protection Act. 

The aim of the Hunting and Game Management Act is to secure a fauna rich in species and healthy populations as a basis for sustainable hunting. For 33 bird species a hunting season has been established and these seasons is in principal revised every third year on the basis on scientific assessments. A technical report forms the basis for these revisions. As a principle bird hunting are limited to the period  between 1 September og 31 January. The various game species have different hunting seasons. More information:

https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/national-naturbeskyttelse/beskyttede-arter/
https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=183107","For information on the legal frramework for the implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directices, see:

https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=183107
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/international-naturbeskyttelse/eu-direktiver/naturbeskyttelsesdirektiver/
https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/national-naturbeskyttelse/invasive-arter/hvad-goer-myndighederne/love-og-regler/

https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=183107
https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=205996
https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=202773",113,14782,2643,41,12139,25-10-2019,100,88,113,100,"Fuglenes Danmark - De danske fugles udbredelse, tæthed, bestandsforhold og udviklingstendenser 1971-1996 baseret på resultaterne af Dansk Ornitologsk Forenings kortlægning 1993-96",1998,"Grell, Michael Borch (1998): Fuglenes Danmark. GEC GADS Forlag. 1998.",Den danske rødliste (web publication),2010,https://bios.au.dk/raadgivning/natur/redlistframe/
ES,"Aprobación de los Instrumentos de Gestión para las 13 ZEPA entre los años 2014 y 2015. Los Instrumentos de Gestión que afectan a tres ZEPA (ES1200002, ES0000055 y ES0000315) fueron derogados por sentencia judicial, por lo que a día de hoy hay 10 nuevas ZEPA con Instrumento de Gestión (ES1200001, ES1200006, ES1200008, ES1200009, ES1200016, ES0000054, ES0000317, ES0000318, ES0000319 y ES0000320).

Aprobación de 43 nuevas ZEPA durante el sexenio 2013-2018: ES0000539, ES2110024, ES0000536, ES0000537, ES0000490, ES0000492, ES0000494, ES0000495, ES0000496, ES0000497, ES0000498, ES0000499, ES0000500, ES0000501, ES0000502, ES0000504, ES0000505, ES0000506, ES0000507, ES0000508, ES0000510, ES0000512, ES0000513, ES0000514, ES0000515, ES0000516, ES0000517, ES0000518, ES0000519, ES0000521, ES0000522, ES0000523, ES0000524, ES0000525, ES0000526, ES0000527, ES0000528, ES0000529, ES0000530, ES0000531, ES0000532, ES0000535 y ES0000538.

Aprobación y continuación de 27 proyectos LIFE durante este sexenio (2013-2018): LIFE07-NAT/E/000742, LIFE08-NAT/E/000062, LIFE08-NAT/E/000068, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000513, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000516, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000520, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000533, LIFE10-NAT/ES/000536, LIFE10-NAT/ES/000572, LIFE12-BIO/ES/000660, LIFE12-ENV/ES/000685, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000322, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000354, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000595, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000701, LIFE13-NAT/ES/001130, LIFE13-NAT/ES/000094, LIFE14-NAT/ES/000077, LIFE15-NAT/ES/000734, LIFE15-NAT/ES/000802, LIFE15-NAT/ES001016, LIFE15-PRE/ES/000002, LIFE16-ESC/ES/000003, LIFE16-NAT/ES/000168, LIFE16-NAT/ES/000235, LIFE17-GIE/ES/000630 y LIFE17-NAT/ES/000184.

Implementación de medidas para minimizar el impacto de especies exóticas invasoras. Como ejemplo se ha llevado a cabo un dispositivo de seguimiento y control de la malvasía canela e híbridos. Este control consiste en una búsqueda sistemática de ejemplares por los humedales y su erradicación (con escopeta y tiradores expertos).

Estrategias de protección de especies tanto individuales como contra amenazas que afecten a un conjunto de especies, como la Estrategia Antivenenos que hay en marcha con la que se están obteniendo grandes resultados gracias a la colaboración entre autoridades (MITECO y Comunidades Autónomas, principalmente) y diferentes grupos de trabajo. 

Planes de reintroducción tanto a nivel nacional como a nivel autonómico. Como ejemplo, el ""Proyecto de reintroducción del grévol (Bonasa bonasia L.) en el Valle de Arán (Pirineos centrales), el ""Programa de reintroducción del ibis eremita (Geronticus eremita) en Andalucía"" u otros programas de reintroducción para especies como el quebrantahuesos, el águila perdicera, etc.

Para el periodo reportado (2013-2018) se ha observado una tendencia en declive de gran parte de las especies de aves esteparias presentes en España. Se considera un problema que debería abordarse con una perspectiva más global, coordinada desde la Unión Europea para asegurar la participación de otros estados miembros.","Approval of Management Plans for 13 SPA between 2014 and 2015. However, three of them were repealed by court decision. Accordingly, there are 10 new valid Management Plans: ES1200001, ES1200006, ES1200008, ES1200009, ES1200016, ES0000054, ES0000317, ES0000318, ES0000319 and ES0000320.

Approval of 43 new SPA during the six-year term 2013-2018: ES0000539, ES2110024, ES0000536, ES0000537, ES0000490, ES0000492, ES0000494, ES0000495, ES0000496, ES0000497, ES0000498, ES0000499, ES0000500, ES0000501, ES0000502, ES0000504, ES0000505, ES0000506, ES0000507, ES0000508, ES0000510, ES0000512, ES0000513, ES0000514, ES0000515, ES0000516, ES0000517, ES0000518, ES0000519, ES0000521, ES0000522, ES0000523, ES0000524, ES0000525, ES0000526, ES0000527, ES0000528, ES0000529, ES0000530, ES0000531, ES0000532, ES0000535 y ES0000538.

Approval and continuation of 27 LIFE Programmes between 2013 and 2018:  LIFE07-NAT/E/000742, LIFE08-NAT/E/000062, LIFE08-NAT/E/000068, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000513, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000516, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000520, LIFE09-NAT/ES/000533, LIFE10-NAT/ES/000536, LIFE10-NAT/ES/000572, LIFE12-BIO/ES/000660, LIFE12-ENV/ES/000685, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000322, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000354, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000595, LIFE12-NAT/ES/000701, LIFE13-NAT/ES/001130, LIFE13-NAT/ES/000094, LIFE14-NAT/ES/000077, LIFE15-NAT/ES/000734, LIFE15-NAT/ES/000802, LIFE15-NAT/ES001016, LIFE15-PRE/ES/000002, LIFE16-ESC/ES/000003, LIFE16-NAT/ES/000168, LIFE16-NAT/ES/000235, LIFE17-GIE/ES/000630 y LIFE17-NAT/ES/000184.

Implementation of measures to minimize the impact of invasive alien species. As an example, there is a monitoring and control program for ruddy ducks and their hybrids. It consists on searching birds at spanish wetlands and their eradication.

Protection strategies for both species and shared threatens. In example: ""National Strategy against the illegal use of poisoned bait in the countryside"" with excellent results due to the collaboration among authorities (Spanish Ministry of Environment and Autonomous Communities, among others), NGOs and different expert working groups.

Reintroduction programs at national and regional scales. As an example, ""Reintroduction of hazel grouse (Bonasa bonasia L.) in the Valle de Arán (central Pyrenees), ""Reintroduction of the northern bald ibis (Geronticus eremita) in Andalucía "", and other reintroduction projects for species like the bearded vulture, Bonelli's eagle, etc.

The monitoring programs and scientific studies developed in Spain show a strong decline for most of the farmland bird´s species during this and previous decades. This situation should be addressed from a wider point of view, including all european countries with the. Furthermore, the Spanish government should have a meaningful participation due to the importance of our country for these species in a global scale.","Documentación general sobre la Red Natura 2000 en España disponible a través de la web del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica (MITECO):
-Presentación	
-Tipos de hábitat y especies	
-La Red Natura 2000 en España	
-Conservación	
-Documentos y enlaces de interés	
-Procedimiento de comunicación entre las Administraciones autonómicas, estatal y comunitaria de la información oficial de los espacios protegidos Red Natura 2000	

Información disponible a través de la URL: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/espacios-protegidos/red-natura-2000/default.aspx","La información cartográfica de los espacios Natura 2000 está diponible a través de límites de los espacios en formato shapefile y/o servicios Web Map Service desde la siguiente URL: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/servicios/banco-datos-naturaleza/informacion-disponible/red_natura_2000_inf_disp.aspx

Los datos estadísticos del número de espacios de la red de ZEPA española por Comunidad Autónoma, su Formulario Normalizado, superficie y porcentaje de territorio protegido puede ser consultado desde la siguiente URL: https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/espacios-protegidos/red-natura-2000/zepa.aspx




Datos cartográficos","Disponibles datos de seguimiento y monitoreos específicos de especies a través las URL :
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/ieet_aves_sist_seg_especificos.aspx
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/publicaciones/pbl-fauna-flora-estrategia-list-arbol.aspx
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/ieet_aves.aspx","Estrategias para la protección de especies:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/publicaciones/pbl-fauna-flora-estrategia-list-arbol.aspx

Situación actual del Listado de  Especies Silvestres en Régimen de Protección Especial y Catálogo Español de Especies Amenazadas:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-especies/especies-proteccion-especial/ce-proteccion-listado-situacion.aspx

Real Decreto 630/2013, de 2 de agosto, por el que se regula el Catálogo español de especies exóticas invasoras:
https://www.boe.es/buscar/doc.php?id=BOE-A-2013-8565

	Orden TEC/1078/2018, de 28 de septiembre, por la que se declara la situación crítica de Cistus heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis, Lanius minor, Margaritifera auricularia, Marmaronetta angustirostris, Mustela lutreola, Pinna nobilis y Tetrao urogallus cantabricus en España, y se declaran de interés general las obras y proyectos encaminados a la recuperación de dichos taxones: 
https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2018-14181

Resolución de 1 de agosto de 2018, de la Secretaría de Estado de Medio Ambiente, por la que se publica el Acuerdo de la Conferencia Sectorial de Medio Ambiente en relación al Listado de especies extinguidas en todo el medio natural español.
https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2018-11522.","La transposición de la Directiva 2009/147/CE se ha realizado a través de la Ley 42/2007:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-la-biodiversidad/conservacion-de-la-biodiversidad-en-espana/default.aspx",647,153790.94,101809.13,47,51981.81,01-12-2018,432,66.76,432,66.76,Atlas de las aves reproductoras de España,2003,https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/inventario-especies-terrestres/inventario-nacional-de-biodiversidad/ieet_aves_atlas.aspx,Libro Rojo de las Aves de España,2004,https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/inventarios-nacionales/lrcompletoparaweb_tcm30-207942.pdf
GR,"St?? ????da efa?µ??eta? ?????? ßa?µ?? p??stas?a? t?? e?d?? pt????. S???e???µ??a, ????? ?a?a?t???s?e? 207 ???e? ??d???? ???stas?a?, e? t?? ?p???? ?? 69 pe???aµß????? ?a??ss?? tµ?µa. ? ?a?a?t???sµ?? ???? ???, ?d??? st? ???assa, ?a? ? ep??a???p???s? t?? e?????? ?ata????? ?esµ??et????a? µe t?? ??? 50743 (F?? ?’ 4432/2017) «??a?e???s? e?????? ?ata????? pe?????? t?? ????pa???? ??????????? ???t??? Natura 2000». Se ?,t? af??? t?? p??stas?a t?? ??????pa??da?, ?s??e? ? ap?fas? µe a???µ. ?.?. 37338/1807/?.103 (F?? 1495/?/2010), µe t?? ?p??a ????? ?a????s?e? µ?t?a ?a? d?ad??as?e? ??a t? d?at???s? t?? ????a? ??????pa??da? ?a? t?? ????t?p??/e?d?a?t?µ?t?? t??, se s?µµ??f?s? µe t?? d?at??e?? t?? ?d???a? 79/409/???, ?p?? ?s??e?. ? ??? ????µ. ?.?. 8353/276/?103 (F?? 415/?/2012), µe t?? ?p??a t??p?p??e?ta? ?a? s?µp?????eta? ? a??t??? ?p?fas?, ?esp??e? e?d??? µ?t?a, ?????, d?ad??as?e? ?a? pa?eµß?se?? ?ste ?a ep?t?????eta? ? ap?te?esµat??? p??stas?a, d?at???s? ?a? ap??at?stas? t?? e?d?? ?a? t?? e?d?a?t?µ?t??/????t?p?? t?? ????a? ??????pa??da? st?? ??? ?a? e?d???te?a: a) ? d?at???s? se ??a??p???t??? ßa?µ? t?? ??????????? ?s????p?a? t?? e?d?a?t?µ?t?? f??e?p???s??, t??f?????a? ?a? ?ataf????? t?? ??????pa??da? ?a??? ?a? t?? s?µa?t???? t?p?? ??a t? µeta??ste?s? t?? pt????, p?? ????? ?a?a?t???ste? ?? ???, ß) ? ap?f??? t?? ????se?? p?? ????? s?µa?t???? ep?pt?se?? sta e?d? ??a ta ?p??a ?? ???e? a?t?? ????? ???ste?, ?) ? d?asf???s? t?? s?µßat?t?ta? t?? a?apt???a??? ????? ?a? d?ast????t?t?? µe t? d?at???s? t?? ????a? ??????pa??da?, d) ? ?s??s? pa?a??????? ?a? ???a??????? d?ast????t?t?? ?p?? t?? ?e????a?, t?? das?p???a?, t?? ???a? ?a? t?? a??e?a?, s?µf??a µe t?? a????e? p??stas?a? t?? ????a? ??????pa??da?. 
?????, e??a? se efa?µ??? ? ??µ?? 3937/2011, ? ?p???? e?s?µ?t?se t?? ??? st? e????? s?st?µa p??state??µe??? pe??????, µ?s? t?? ???sµ?? t??? ?? ?e?????? ???stas?a? ????t?p?? ?a? ??d?? ?a? e?d???te?a ?? ????? ??d???? ???stas?a?.
G?a t? s????? t?? d??t??? Natura 2000 (pe???aµßa??µ???? ???? t?? ????? ??d???? ???stas?a? ?a? e?t?? t?? pe?????? t?? ????? ????? ????? t?? ?d?a?te??? d?????t???? p?as??? t??), s?st????a? F??e?? ??a?e???s?? ???state??µe??? ?e?????? (F???), µe ß?s? ??? ?esµ??? p?a?s?? (??µ?? ????µ. 4519, F?? 25/?/2018). S???e???µ??a, ? ??µ?? 4519/2018 a) ep??te??e ?????? t?? pe????? a?µ?d??t?ta? t?? 28 ?f?st?µe???  F??? ?a? µet???µase t??? pe??ss?te???? ap? a?t??? ?at?????a ?a? ß) s?st?se 8 ????? F??? ??a t?? ?p????pe? pe?????? t?? d??t??? Natura 2000. St?? pe?????? t?? d??t??? Natura 2000 µe F???, pe???aµßa??µ???? ???? t?? ????? ??d???? ???stas?a?, ???p?????ta? d??se?? d?at???s??, d?a?e???s?? ?a? ep?st?µ??????  pa?a???????s?? ??a e?d? ??????pa??da?, d??se?? e??µ???s?? ?a? e?a?s??t?p???s?? ??????. ?? pe??ss?te?e? ap? t?? d??se??, ?a? ??a µe???? ??????? d??st?µa, e?p??????a? µe s?????µat?d?t?s? ap? t? ????pa??? ?aµe?? ?e??fe?e?a??? ???pt???? (µ?s? t?? ?p??e???s?a??? ??????µµat?? ?e??ß????? ?a? ?e?f???? ???pt??? 2007 – 2013) ?a? e??????? p?????.
???se?? ??a t?? ??? st?? pe??pt?se?? p?? ? d?at???s? ? ? ße?t??s? t?? ?at?stas?? t?? ?d?t?? e??a? s?µa?t??? ??a t?? p??stas?a t?? ??????pa??da? pe???aµß????ta? sta ?esµ??et?µ??a S??d?a ??a?e???s?? ?e?a??? ?p?????? ?dat???? ??aµe??sµ?t?? t?? ???a? (1? ??a?e???s?, 2017). ?p?s??, ????? e?????e? (?? a???µ. 142569, F?? 4728/?/2017) ta p?????µµata µ?t??? ??a t?? ep?te??? ? t? d?at???s? t?? ?a??? pe??ßa????t???? ?at?stas?? sta ?a??ss?a ?data. Se s??s? µe ta ?a?ass?p????a, pe???aµß??eta? ? ??ta?? t?? s?st?µat???? s??????? ded?µ???? ?a? ??e??a? ??a t?? af????a, ?ata??µ? ?a? d??aµ??? p????sµ?? pt???? sta p?????µµata pe??ßa????t???? pa?a???????s?? t?? ?d???a? ??a?s?? ??a t? Ta??ss?a St?at?????.
Se ?,t? af??? ta e?d?a?t?µata t?? ??????pa??da? p?? e?ap?????ta? se d?s? ?a? das???? e?t?se??, a?t? p??state???ta? ap? t? das??? ??µ??es?a. ?p? t?? e?t?se?? a?t?? efa?µ??eta? ae?f????? d?a?e???s? ap? t?? das???? ?p??es?e?, µ?s? t?? efa?µ???? das???? d?a?e???st???? s?ed???. ?p?s?µa??eta? ?t? ?at? t?? pe???d? a?af???? e?s???????st??a? ?? p??d?a??af?? e?p???s?? t?? das???? d?a?e???st???? s?ed??? (?? ????µ. 166780/1619, F?? 1420/?/2018). Se a?t?, ?at? t? d?at?p?s? t?? s??p?? t?? das?p???a? ?aµß????ta? ep?s?? ?p??? ?? st???? d?at???s?? ?a? p??stas?a? t?? p??state??µe??? pe??????. ??at??e?? ae?f?????? d?a?e???s?? pe???aµß????ta? st?? ??µ? ??a t?? p??stas?a t?? das???? ????s?st?µ?t?? (??µ?? 3208/2003, F?? 303/A/2003, ?p?? ?s??e?). ?p?s??, t?? ???µß??? 2018 ?esµ??et????e ? ?????? St?at????? ??a ta ??s? (?? ????µ. 170195/758, F?? 5351/?/2018). ??e?, pe???aµß????ta? st???? ?a? ?ate????se?? d??se?? ??a t? d?at???s? t?? ß??p??????t?ta? sta d?s? ?e???? ?a? st?? p??state??µe?e? pe?????? e?d???te?a.
Se ?,t? af??? t?? p??stas?a s???e???µ???? e?d?? pt????, ?at? t?? pe???d? a?af???? e?d????a? d?? e????? s??d?a d??s??: a) ??a t?? ?sp??p??? [?p??????? ?p?fas? a?. 43236/1053 (?’ 3760) «?????? s??d?? d??s?? ??a t?? ?sp??p??? (Neophron percnopterus) st?? ????da»]  ?a? ß) ??a t? ?a?????a [?p??????? ?p?fas? a?. 43235/1053 (?’ 3762) «?????? S??d?? ???s?? ??a t? ?a?????a (Anser erythropus) st?? ????da»]. ?p?s??, e?d????e ??a pe??fe?e?a?? s??d?? d??s?? ??a t? ????????? [?p??????? ?p?fas? a?. 43231/1053 (?’ 3761) «?e??fe?e?a?? S??d?? ???s?? ??a t? ????????? (Falco naumanni) st?? Tessa???? ??µp?»]. ?? p??ß???e?? t??? a?aµ??eta? ?a efa?µ?st??? t?? ep?µe?? pe???d? a?af????.
?p?s?µa??eta? ?t? ?at? t?? pe???d? a?af????, ? s??e??as?a µeta?? t?? a?µ?d??? ?p??es??? µe ep?st?µ??????? f??e??, ??? ?.?p., ap?d?se se ?,t? af??? t?? ?????t?s? t???? St?at?????? µe ?µes? ? ????te?? ?µes? s??s? µe t?? ?d???a t?? pt????, ?t??: a) t?? ?????? St?at????? ?a? t? S??d?? ???s?? ??a t? ???p??????t?ta (?? ????µ. 40332, F?? 2383/?/2014), ß) t?? ?????? St?at????? ??a t?? ???sa?µ??? st?? ???µat??? ???a?? (2015, ß?. ?ef. 2.4. ß??p??????t?ta ?a? ????s?st?µata, http://www.ypeka.gr/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=CoyXhegNBHQ%3D&tabid=232&language=el-GR improved cooperation between authorities, nature conservationists and other interest groups) ?a? ?) t?? a??t??? a?afe??µe?? ?????? St?at????? ??a ta ??s?.
?????, µe???? s?µas?a ??e? ? ???p???s? ????? LIFE-IP 4 NATURA (pe???d?? ???p???s??: 2018-2025), p?? e??a? t? p??t? ????????µ??? ???? Life (Life Integrated Project – LIFE IP) st? ???a, µe ????? s??p? t?? ???p???s? e????? d??se?? t?? ??a?s??? ???se?? ???te?a??t?ta? 2014-2020 ??a t? d??t?? Natura 2000, pe???aµßa??µ???? t?? ????? ??d???? ???stas?a? (www.edozoume.gr). ?p?p??s??t??, ??a ??? e????? ???? p?? ?e????se t? ???? p??sf?t?? ?a d?µ??????se? s??????? ?a? s???e???µ??? ?esµ??? ?a? d?a?e???st??? p?a?s?? ??a t?? p??stas?a, d?at???s? ?a? ap??at?stas? t?? e?d?? ?a? t?? e?d?a?t?µ?t??/????t?p?? t?? ????a? ??????pa??da? se ??e? t?? ??? t?? ???a?. ??aµ??eta? ?a ??e? ?????????e? ??? t? 2021.
?????, a??et?? d??se?? d?at???s?? ?a? d?a?e???s?? ??? ????? ???p????e? ?a? ap? ?????? f??e??, p.?. ???, ?p?? ? ???????? ???????????? ?ta??e?a, ??st?t??ta, d?µ?s?a d?????s?, pa?ep?st?µ?a, eta??e?e?, µe e???pa??? ???µat?d?t?s?. ?d?a?te?a ep?s?µa??eta? ? s?µß??? t?? ???µat?d?t???? µ?s?? LIFE+ ??a t?? ???p???s? d??se?? d?at???s?? ?a? d?a?e???s?? ??? (ß?. ?a? ß?s? ded?µ???? ????? LIFE http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm)","A high degree of protection for bird species has been attained in Greece. Two hundred and seven (207) Special Protection Areas (SPAs), have been designated, 69 of which contain a marine part. Appropriate measures and procedures to conserve wild birds and their habitats, in accordance to the Birds Directive as applied, are laid down in Decision no 37338/1807/Ε.103 (Official Journal 1495/Β/2010). The Joint Ministerial Decision No 8353/276/Ε103 (Official Journal 415/Β/2012) that amends and complements the 2010 Decision, sets out specific measures, terms, procedures and regulations to achieve effective protection, conservation and restoration of wild birds and their habitats in SPAs. In particular, the targets are: a) to maintain, at a favourable degree, the ecological balance of nesting, feeding and refuge habitats of wild birds as well as of important sites for bird migrations, designated as SPAs; b) to avoid disturbances with significant impacts on bird species for which the SPAs have been designated; c) to ensure that development projects and activities are compatible with wild birds; d) to take into consideration the needs for avifauna protection during the application of production and recreational activities such as agriculture, forestry, hunting, fisheries.
Moreover, the Law on biodiversity conservation (Law no 3937/2011, Official Journal 60/A/2011) also applies. It has consolidated the SPAs in the national system of protected areas through their designation as “Habitats and Species Protection Areas” and specifically as Special Protection Areas (SPAs).
Management Authorities (MA) for all N2K sites, including SPAs, are in place (with the exception of The Holy Mountain – Agio Oros, due to its special administrative status), according to recent legislation (Law 4519, Official Journal 25/A/2018). In particular, by this law a) the area of jurisdiction of already operating 28 MA has considerably expanded and b) 8 new MA have been established. For N2K sites, including SPAs, conservation, management and monitoring activities for species of the Birds Directive are implemented, together with information and public awareness activities. Most of these activities, and for an extended period of time during the reporting period, were co-funded by the European Fund for Regional Development and national funds. 
Management measures for SPAs, in cases where the maintenance or improvement of the status of water is an important factor for bird protection, are defined in the approved River Basin Management Plans (1st review and update, Ministerial Decisions published in 2017). Furthermore, the programmes of measures for the attainment or maintenance of good environmental status of marine waters have also been approved (Ministerial Decision 142569, Official Journal 4728/Β/2017). Therein, with regard to sea birds, the systematic collection of data and research on abundance, distribution and dynamics of their populations are included in the environmental monitoring programs of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. 
The habitats of birds that occupy forest and forested areas are protected by forest legislation and are sustainably managed by Forest Services, through the application of forest management plans. It is noted that during the reporting period, the specifications of forest management plans have been modernized (Ministerial Decision no 166780/1619, Official Journal 1420/Β/2018); among others, in the context of forestry objective setting, conservation objectives of protected areas are taken into consideration. Provisions for sustainable forest management are included in Law 3208/2003 (Official Journal 303/A/2003, as it applies). Furthermore, in November 2018, the Ministry of Environment legislated the National Forest Strategy (Ministerial Decision 170195/758, Official Journal 5351/Β/2018). It contains, among others, targets and priorities for action for forest biodiversity in general and for forest protected areas in particular.

Concerning the protection of specific bird species, two national action plans were adopted during the reporting period: (a) for the Egyptian vulture (Ministerial Decision no. 43236/1053 (Β '3760) ""National Action Plan for Nephron percnopterus in Greece"" and b) for the Lesser White-fronted Goose [Ministerial Decision no. 43235/1053 (Β '3762) ""National Action Plan for Anser erythropus in Greece"". A regional action plan for the lesser Kestrel was also adopted [Ministerial Decision no. 43231/1053 (B '3761) ""Regional Action Plan for Falcon naumanni in the Thessaly plain"". Their measures are expected to be applied in the next reporting period.

It is also noted that during the reporting period, the improved cooperation between authorities, research institutes, NGOS and other interest groups has led to the adoption of three Strategies, directly, or indirectly related to the objectives of the Birds Directive, i.e. a) the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (Ministerial Decision 40332, Official Journal 2383/Β/2014); b) the National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change (2015, chapter 2.4. biodiversity and ecosystems, http://www.ypeka.gr/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=CoyXhegNBHQ%3D&tabid=232&language=el-GR in Greek); c) the above mentioned National Forest Strategy.

Finally, great importance is attributed to the start of a new LIFE IP project 4 Natura “Integrated actions for the conservation and management of Natura 2000 sites, species, habitats and ecosystems in Greece”, which is the first integrated life project for Greece. It aims to implement a range of measures of the Priority Action Framework for the period 2014-2020 for the Natura 2000 network. Its implementing period is 2018-2025 (www.edozoume.gr). In addition, a new national project recently initiated by the Ministry of Environment will create a comprehensive and specific institutional and management framework for the protection, conservation and restoration of species and their habitats in all SPAs in the country. It is expected to be completed by 2021. Finally, several conservation and management actions have been implemented by other bodies, eg. NGOs such as the Hellenic Ornithological Society, institutes, public administration, universities, companies with European funding. Particular mention is made of the contribution of the LIFE + financial instrument to the implementation of conservation and management actions for SPAs (see also the LIFE project database http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm).",http://www.ypeka.gr/Default.aspx?tabid=236&language=el-GR,"http://www.ypeka.gr/Default.aspx?tabid=432&language=el-GR
http://www.ypeka.gr/Default.aspx?tabid=539&language=el-GR",http://www.biodiversity-info.gr/index.php/el/national-reports/birds-dir-reports,"1) Articles 57, 58 of Law 2637/27-8-1998 (Official Journal 200/?/1998)

2) Law 125188/246 (CITES, Official Journal 285/?/2013)","Joint Ministerial Decision No 8353/276/?103 (Official Journal 415/B/2012) http://www.ypeka.gr/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=1zUfPc63nnE%3d&tabid=236&language=el-GR
Joint Ministerial Decision No 37338/1807/?.103 (Official Journal 1495/?/2010)
http://www.ypeka.gr/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=yjTKf5DklpM%3d&tabid=236&language=el-GR",207,38650,28066,69,10584,02-03-2018,6,4.7,1,4.1,,,,,,
FI,"Suomen Natura 2000 –verkostoon kuuluu 470 lintudirektiivin mukaista erityistä suojelualuetta (SPA), joiden yhteispinta-ala on noin 3,19 miljoonaa hehtaaria. Alueet ovat osittain päällekkäisiä luontodirektiivin mukaisten erityisten suojelutoimien alueiden (SAC) kanssa. Raportointikaudella SPA-verkostoa laajennettiin 111 531 hehtaarilla, josta 111 203 hehtaaria sijaitsee merialueella ja 328 hehtaaria sisävesillä (valtioneuvoston päätös 5.12.2018).

Laajennusten yhteydessä myös ajantasaistettiin kaikkien SPA-alueiden tietoja. Valtioneuvoston 5.12.2018 tekemän päätöksen mukaiset päivitetyt tiedot toimitettiin EU:n komissiolle. Tietoja päivitetään myös jatkossa tarpeen mukaan.

Raportointikaudella on kehitetty suojelualueita koskevia tietojärjestelmiä. SPA-alueita koskevien tietolomakkeiden tiedot ja alueiden rajaukset sisältyvät Metsähallituksen luontopalveluiden ylläpitämään GIS-pohjaiseen ULJAS-tietojärjestelmään. Järjestelmän käyttöönotto aloitettiin asteittain vuonna 2014 ja se on nykyisin suojelualueiden hallinnan ja hoidon parissa työskentelevien viranomaisten käytössä.

Suuren yleisön käytettävissä ovat vastaavat tiedot ympäristöhallinnon verkkosivuilla olevassa karttapalvelussa. Näistä tiedoista on ns. sensitiivisten lajien tiedot suojattu.

Myös SPA-alueiden hoidon ja käytön suunnittelu on keskitetty ULJAS-tietojärjestelmään vastaavalla tavalla kuin SAC-alueiden suunnittelu.  Natura 2000 –verkoston hoidon ja käytön tarpeiden kokonaisarviointi päivitettiin vuosina 2016-2017. Sitä käytetään pohjana tarkempien suunnitelmien kohdentamiselle ja ajoittamiselle. Kaikille SPA-alueille laaditaan määräajoin päivitettävät Natura-alueen tilan arvioinnit, ns. NATA-arvioinnit. Niiden laatiminen aloitettiin vuonna 2010. Vuoden 2018 lopussa NATA-arviointi tai hoito- ja käyttösuunnitelma oli olemassa 303 alueelle. Ne kattoivat alueiden lukumäärän osalta noin 64 % ja pinta-alan suhteen noin 91 % SPA-alueista. Kaikki alueet on arvioitu saatavan NATA-arviointien piiriin vuoden 2020 loppuun mennessä, minkä jälkeen niitä päivitetään säännöllisesti.

Esimerkkeinä suojelutoimien myönteisisistä vaikutuksista voidaan mainita seuraavia. Merikotkan (Haliaeetus albicilla) kannan vahvistumisen ansiosta se on voitu poistaa uhanalaisten lajien luettelosta. Metsähanhen (Anser fabalis) tilapäinen rauhoittaminen metsästykseltä on saanut kannan kasvamaan. Kansainvälisen yhteistyön ansiosta Fennoskandian pieni kiljuhanhikanta (Anser erythropus) on saatu kasvamaan. Kokonaisuutena uhanalaisten lintulajien määrä on kuitenkin kasvanut ja elinvoimaisten määrä pienentynyt raportointikaudella.","The Finnish Natura 2000 network includes 470 Special Protection Areas (SPA) as defined in the Birds Directive, with a total area of around 3.19 million hectares. These areas overlap in part with the Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) under the Habitats Directive. During the period under review, the SPA network was expanded by 111,531 hectares, of which 111,203 hectares are located in marine areas and 328 in inland waterways (Government Decision 5 December 2018).

In connection with the expansion of the network, the information on all SPAs was also brought up to date. The information updated in connection with the decision made on 5 December 2018 was delivered to the European Commission. The information will also be updated in the future as needed.

The review period saw the development of an information system for protected areas. The data form information and borders of the SPAs are stored in the GIS-based ULJAS information system maintained by the Natural Heritage Services of the state-owned forest enterprise Metsähallitus. The system was adopted in phases starting in 2014, and it is currently used by the authorities in charge of managing and maintaining protected areas.

Similar information is available to the general public through the map service on the Environmental Administration’s website. In the service available to the public, the data on sensitive species is protected.
Management planning of SPAs is also carried out using the ULJAS information system in a similar way to planning for SACs.  An overall assessment of the needs concerning the management and use of the Natura 2000 network was updated in 2016–2017. The results of the assessment are used as a basis for targeting and scheduling more precise plans. Natura 2000 Site Condition Assessments (NATA assessments) are carried out periodically for all SPAs. Work on the assessments began in 2010. By the end of 2018, NATA assessments or management and use plans had been drawn up for 303 areas. They cover around 64 per cent of all individual sites and around 91 per cent of the total area of the SPAs. The goal is to have NATA assessments carried out for all areas by the end of 2020, after which time they will be updated regularly.

The following are some examples of positive impacts of protection measures: The population of the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) has recovered so successfully that the species is no longer classified as threatened. The temporary protection of the bean goose (Anser fabalis) from hunting has led to an increase in the population. Thanks to international cooperation, the small Fennoscandian population of the lesser white-fronted goose (Anser erythropus) is now growing. However, in total the number of threatened bird species has increased and the number of least concern species decreased during the current reporting period.",https://www.ymparisto.fi/fi-FI/Luonto/Lajit/Luonto_ja_lintudirektiivien_lajit,"https://www.ymparisto.fi/fi-FI/Luonto/Suojelualueet/Natura_2000_alueet
https://www.regeringen.ax/miljo-natur/fredad-natur","https://www.ymparisto.fi/fi-FI/Luonto/Lajit/Lajien_seuranta
https://www.luomus.fi/fi/linnustonseuranta","https://www.ymparisto.fi/fi-FI/Luonto/Lajit/Rauhoitetut_lajit
http://www.metsa.fi/nisakkaiden-ja-lintujen-suojelu
https://www.regeringen.ax/miljo-natur/fredad-natur/lagskyddade-arter-biotoper","https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1996/19961096
https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1993/19930615
https://www.regeringen.ax/sites/www.regeringen.ax/files/law/code/k_s509-656.pdf",470,31955,24560,93,7395,01-02-2019,438,85.9,303,91.3,Suomen III lintuatlas,2011,http://atlas3.lintuatlas.fi/,Suomen lajien uhanalaisuus – Punainen kirja 2019,2019,https://punainenkirja.laji.fi/
FR,"Les dispositions relatives au réseau Natura 2000 sont définies aux articles L. 414-1 à L.414-7 et R. 414-1 à R. 414-29 du code de l’environnement, et dans leurs textes d’application.

Le réseau compte 1 780 sites, couvrant 13% du territoire terrestre et plus de 34% du territoire marin. Le réseau de sites marins étant passé de 11 à 34% du territoire marin en 2018.

1) Désignation des sites
L’identification initiale des sites d’intérêt communautaire a reposé sur un travail préalable d’inventaire scientifique mené par le muséum national d’histoire naturelle sur la base du réseau des zones d’importance communautaire pour les oiseaux (ZICO). Ces propositions de sites ont été ensuite soumises par le(s) préfet(s) à l’avis des collectivités des territoires concernés, ainsi qu’aux autorités militaires, puis transmises au ministre en charge de l’écologie et le cas échéant au ministre de la défense (sites incluant des terrains militaires ou des espaces marins). Les propositions retenues par le ministère de l’écologie ont ensuite fait l’objet d’une consultation interministérielle à l’issue de laquelle la désignation a été effectuée en droit national, avant la notification à la Commission européenne.

403 Zones de Protection Spéciales (ZPS) sont actuellement désignées en métropole.
17 ZPS ont été désignées depuis 2013, dont 4 au-delà de la mer territoriale. 

Le territoire métropolitain est concerné par 4 des 9 régions biogéographiques européennes : atlantique (terrestre et marine), continentale, méditerranéenne (terrestre et marine) et alpine, par ordre de superficie décroissante. Selon la liste de référence pour le rapportage 2013-2018 au titre de l'Art.12, la France abrite 171 espèces ou sous-espèces d’oiseaux sauvages visées par l’Annexe I de la directive Oiseaux ou justifiant la désignation de ZPS (soit 57 % des espèces et sous-espèces Annexe I ou « SPA trigger » en EU).

2) Gestion des sites
La France a choisi de mettre en œuvre les directives selon des principes de concertation, de contractualisation et de prévention des impacts.

La gestion des sites est ainsi fondée sur une concertation approfondie avec les acteurs du territoire.

Les différents opérateurs et organismes socioprofessionnels (agriculteurs, chasseurs, forestiers, pêcheurs,…) et les collectivités territoriales intéressés par la vie d’un site sont appelés à participer à sa gestion et au maintien de l’état de conservation de ses habitats et espèces, à travers leur participation au comité de pilotage, mis en place par le préfet de département ou maritime et chargé d’élaborer le plan de gestion du site, appelé « document d’objectifs » (DOCOB) et de suivre sa mise en œuvre.

Le document d’objectifs, sur la base d’un diagnostic des caractéristiques du site (écologiques, économiques, sociales), définit dans un cadre concerté, les objectifs de développement durable du site et les mesures de gestion appropriées, qui tiennent compte des exigences économiques et culturelles, ainsi que des particularités régionales et locales. Le gestionnaire du site, appelé « animateur du site », est chargé de la mise en œuvre du DOCOB, c’est-à-dire de suivre l’évolution des habitats et des espèces, de sensibiliser les acteurs à la préservation des habitats et espèces présents sur le site, et de faciliter la mise en place des actions de gestion. L’animation des sites Natura 2000 majoritairement marins est assurée en priorité par l’Agence française pour la biodiversité.

Au 1er janvier 2019, les DOCOB sont adoptés pour 352 sites ; en cours pour 34 sites et à lancer pour 15 sites. 

L’implication des collectivités locales est fortement encouragée, à travers la prise en charge de l’élaboration des DOCOB ou de leur mise en œuvre.

Les mesures de gestion comportent des actions au profit des habitats et espèces du site (restauration de milieux, maintien et amélioration des pratiques de gestion) ; elles peuvent être financées dans le cadre des contrats Natura 2000 et mesures agroenvironnementales, ou mises en œuvre de façon volontaire dans le cadre d’une charte, ensemble de bonnes pratiques locales favorables à la conservation du site.

3) Évaluation des incidences Natura 2000
Le dispositif d’évaluation des incidences Natura 2000 repose notamment sur un système de listes d’activités susceptibles d’avoir un impact significatif sur un site Natura 2000, au regard de ses objectifs de conservation :
- la liste nationale est d’application directe sur l’ensemble du territoire métropolitain, elle vise les activités relevant d’un régime d’encadrement administratif ;
- deux ensembles de listes locales, les premières listes complétant la liste nationale en intégrant d’autres activités relevant d’un régime d’encadrement administratif et les secondes listes identifiant des items ne relevant pas d’un régime d’encadrement administratif.
",,https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr/reseau-europeen-natura-2000-1,https://inpn.mnhn.fr/programme/natura2000/presentation/objectifs,"Suivi des répartitions et statut des espèces : http://inpn.mnhn.fr
Le Plan biodiversité (action 70) adopté le 4 juillet 2018 prévoit la « mise en place d'un réseau de surveillance de la biodiversité sur le long terme » comme un des moyens pour publier « annuellement des indicateurs intégrateurs, chiffrés et cartographiques de l'état de la biodiversité et des pressions qui pèsent sur elle dans le cadre de l’observatoire de la biodiversité » afin que chacun puisse disposer d’informations fiables et actualisées pour suivre les résultats des efforts ». La mise en œuvre de cet engagement permettra de répondre aux obligations des directives européennes habitats-faune-flore et oiseaux, et du règlement européen relatif aux espèces exotiques envahissantes.
Un chef de projet (Agence française de la biodiversité´) chargé du secrétariat et de l’animation du comité de pilotage du réseau de surveillance de la biodiversité terrestre est désigné en avril 2019.
",https://inpn.mnhn.fr/reglementation/protection/listeEspecesParArrete/756,https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr/reseau-europeen-natura-2000-1,403,163569,44507,77,119062,31-10-2018,338,84,352,87,,,,,,
MT,"During the reporting period, the implementation of the Birds Directive was overseen by the Wild Birds Regulation Unit (WBRU). The Wild Birds Regulation Unit was established within the Parliamentary Secretariat for Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Rights following Government’s decision in May 2013 with the aim of centralising the relevant regulatory functions pertaining to implementation of the Conservation of Wild Birds Regulations (S.L. 549.42) and related subsidiary legislation, and to oversee and drive the implementation of Government policy in relation to sustainable hunting governance and the conservation of wild birds. 

Malta’s achievements during 2013 may be broadly sub-divided into two inter-related categories, namely policy and regulatory processes and enforcement. During this year, Malta spearheaded a major legislative reform of the Conservation of Wild Birds Regulations (SL 549.42) and associated legislation, including changes to Administrative Justice Act and related legal notices. As a result of this reform, penalties for major infringements have been doubled, and are today amongst the harshest in Europe. A new system of administrative fines for minor infringements had also been introduced and fully established. Additional species of wild birds have been designated for the highest level of protection (Schedule IX of SL 549.42), whilst enforcement and licensing controls over hunting and live-capturing activities have been considerably tightened.

In 2014, the Wild Birds Regulation Unit set management agreements for Tal-Baghal and Tal-Bosk facilities situated within Buskett bird sanctuary, with FKNK and BirdLife Malta respectively. This cooperation led to the successful restructuring and opening to the public of two farmhouses, which are presently hosting a number of public events as well as conservation-oriented activities. Particularly, Tal-Baghal farmhouse is hosting the Barn Owl re-introduction project with the aim of reinstating this previously breeding species in Malta whilst preparations are ongoing at Tal-Bosk farmhouse to set up rehabilitation facilities for injured wild birds, which require rehabilitation prior to being released into the wild. 

On a national front, the 2014-2016 period was characterised by a series of amendments to legal instruments as well as the publication of new legislation, mainly the Protection of Wild Rabbit Regulations, 2014 (SL 549.90) and Conservation of Wild Birds (Falconry) Regulations, 2016 (SL 549.106).

In addition, 2016 was characterised by work towards Malta’s EU Pilot concerning spring hunting. During this year, Malta coordinated negotiations leading up to the declaration of a moratorium on spring hunting of the Turtle Dove on the 25th of May 2016. In a press release, the Government of Malta considered mature and responsible the recommendations of the local hunting community, represented by the Federation for Hunting and Conservation – Malta (FKNK) and supported by Kaccaturi San Ubertu (KSU). Upon considering these proposals, as well as recommendations of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and European Commission, Government agreed to declare a moratorium on the application of spring hunting derogation for Turtle Dove. The moratorium shall remain in force until such time that maintenance of the EU population of Turtle Dove at satisfactory level is scientifically ascertained.

Malta has voluntarily applied this moratorium as a precautionary measure to allow for an impartial and objective scientific assessment to be conducted at European level to establish the causes of the Turtle Dove’s population decline and to provide for measures necessary for the conservation of this species in Europe. Furthermore, due to Malta’s long history of scientific research and monitoring of the Turtle Dove, the Maltese Government willingly offered to contribute to the technical and scientific process for updating the EU Management Plan for the Turtle Dove, which will provide information on the species’ status, ecology, and threats as well as the key actions needed to improve its population status in Europe. IUCN lists the major threats for the decline of the Turtle Dove as being transformation of agricultural land, destruction of hedges, loss of semi-natural habitats, changes in agricultural practices, use of chemical herbicides, diseases, desertification and drought, as well as competition with other species. It is therefore certain that the Turtle Dove decline cannot be solved without addressing these factors in a systematic, impartial, scientifically justified, proportionate and fair manner involving collaboration amongst all EU Member States and all stakeholders.  The Maltese Government also calls upon the international conservation community to be involved in ongoing and future initiatives which aim to benefit the Turtle Dove.

In 2017, the Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Rights launched the ‘Conservation of Wild Birds Fund’, a new funding scheme which offered financial support in the form of grants to registered nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) which are active within the domain of conservation of wild birds. This fund emerged from commitment made by Malta during a high-level conference on wildlife crime held in March 2017 in the Hague. During this meeting, Malta had committed itself to establish a bird conservation fund as a “wildlife deal”. 

Financial support under this Fund was available for projects that directly contribute to the conservation of wild birds, in accordance with the priorities of this funding scheme such as activities that help to contribute towards initiatives related to sustainable hunting, species reintroduction programmes, species and habitats conservation, training for personnel involved in the sector, scientific research, innovation, awareness raising and educational initiatives. The fund provided up to 80% of eligible project value, which was capped at a maximum of €20,000 per project.

Later in February 2018, the Parliamentary Secretariat for Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Rights awarded a total of €106,188 in grants to five NGOs for projects that promote conservation of wild birds. The Federation for Hunting and Conservation (FKNK), Saint Hubert Hunters (KSU), Birdlife Malta, Nature Trust Malta and Fridericus Rex falconry club benefitted from these grants for projects ranging from educational campaigns on the conservation of avian species to installation of nesting sites for locally breeding birds, pest management, awareness raising initiatives on hunting safety and handling birds of prey to the re-introduction of the Barn Owl (Tyto alba alba). 

Apart from the provision of financial assistance, from May to October 2018, the Wild Birds Regulation Unit also participated in the informational project ‘Aggornat’ organised by Saint Hubert Hunters (KSU). This project was an initiative of KSU, co-financed by the Conservation of Wild Birds Fund. The project consisted of a series of six talks organised in four different localities around Malta and Gozo. During these talks, speakers from the Wild Birds Regulation Unit (WBRU), Police from the Administrative Law Enforcement Unit (ALE), Ornithologists and speakers from the Environment Resources Authority (ERA) and Malta Tourism Authority (MTA), covered subjects concerning conservation of wild birds, the future of hunting and trapping, man and birds, local traditions related to birds, the use of firearms and their safety, bird identification, the importance of Natura 2000 sites, ethics of the countryside user and history of hunting and live-capturing (trapping) in Malta.  

In addition, regular awareness raising activities targeting the public are carried out throughout the years. These activities are aimed at informing all members of society about the various aspects of local legislation concerning conservation and sustainable use of bird species together with information regarding conservation measures adopted to safeguard bird species. Information was delivered through the publication of various press releases and press articles, the participation in educational television programs, the dissemination of web-information including guidance documents and the participation in informational courses.

Furthermore, in August 2018, the Wild Birds Regulation Unit introduced a new requirement in the procedure of application for new hunting licences. As from August 2018, individuals interested in acquiring a hunting licence are requested to attend an obligatory course which provides a deeper insight on bird conservation and hunting regulations, responsibilities and legal obligations pegged to hunting licences and bird identification. These courses are being conducted with the aim of instilling a better understanding of the law and respect towards the environment. Candidates who fail to attend the course would not be allowed to sit for the hunting exam.

In addition, 2018 saw the closure of the pending ECJ case C-577/2015 concerning the traditional practice of finch trapping in Malta. In line with the judgement of the European Court of Justice of the 21st June 2018, the Maltese government issued LN 383/2018 ‘Framework for Allowing a Derogation Opening an Autumn Live-Capturing Season for Finches (Revocation) Regulations, 2018.  

At both EU and International level, Malta has always maintained an active role. Throughout the reporting period, Malta provided technical and policy input to the formulation of a number of policy processes concerning conservation of wild birds, including: Tunis Action Plan and the London Conference on the Eradication of Illegal Killing, Trapping and Trade in Wild Birds under the Bern Convention; input to European Union Raptor Conservation Strategy; input to the development of the Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug) Global Action Plan under Memorandum of Understanding on the Conservation of Migratory Birds of Prey in Africa and Eurasia; input to EU questionnaire on the implementation of management plans for huntable species; Marine Strategy Framework Directive on seabirds and the first preparatory meeting for a workshop on nature, biodiversity, marine and water policy; checklists and evaluation grids of the new cross compliance implementation program for 2015 (Common Agricultural Policy 2015–2020); UNEP’s Mediterranean Action Plan (Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas) on seabird status and conservation in the Sicily Channel/Tunisian Plateau; Bern Convention’s follow-up of Recommendation No. 110 (2004) of the Standing Committee on minimising adverse effects of above-ground electricity transmission facilities (power lines) on birds and Working Party on International Environment Issues (WPIEI Biodiversity). 

In terms of research and monitoring, Malta carries out spring migration studies for Turtle Dove and Quail and autumn migration studies for Golden Plover, Song Thrush and the seven finch species as detailed in Section 2 of this report. In parallel, a national study was conducted to collate primary and secondary data on regular breeding and wintering bird species in the Maltese Islands in fulfilment of Malta’s reporting obligation under Article 12 of the Birds Directive. This work also provided for the compilation of the new Malta Breeding Bird Atlas (2019). Scientific monitoring through bird ringing is also carried annually by BirdLife Malta according to EURING procedures. The related ringing data and other derogations are reported to the European Commission through Malta’s annual Article 9 derogation reports. 

SPA Network/Marine Protected Areas

In the current reporting cycle, efforts have continued in line with the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2012-2020 (NBSAP) through the designation of additional marine protected areas.

There were no changes in the number of terrestrial Special Protection Areas (SPAs) from the previous reporting cycle. This is in view of the fact that Malta considers that it has designated a sufficient number of sites.

From a marine perspective, the conclusion of three LIFE+ and LIFE projects namely the i) LIFE+ MIGRATE, ii) LIFE+ Malta Seabird Project and iii) LIFE BaHAR projects, provided additional information allowing Malta to identify and designate additional marine protected areas to be included in the Natura 2000 network.

In this regard, Malta now boasts a total of 21 SPAs, eight of which are new marine SPAs, added to the national Natura 2000 database in 2016.

Through the financial assistance of the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development the project entitled ""Natura 2000 Management Planning for Malta and Gozo"", which had the aim to establish management plans and legal provisions for the management of all terrestrial Natura 2000 sites in the Maltese Islands and to increase awareness of Natura 2000 amongst the general public and stakeholders, was concluded. The project involved gathering information, carrying out surveys, defining conservation objectives and identifying management measures with intensive stakeholder involvement throughout the entire exercise. A secondary component of the service contract involved an awareness campaign on terrestrial Natura 2000 sites in the Maltese Islands amongst the public at large and amongst specific target groups, such as farmers and land managers. A Management Plan was compiled for most of the sites (SACs and SPAs) forming part of the terrestrial Natura 2000 Network, while a Conservation Order was considered to be a more appropriate tool for selected sites. These management tools became effective after the publication of relevant Government Notices of 14th December 2016. In this respect, all terrestrial Natura 2000 sites (100%) are covered by Management Plans, with a number of SPAs also overlapping with SCIs/SACs under the Habitats Directive. 

During the reporting period, work on the development of the conservation objectives and management measures for the marine Natura 2000 sites continued. Various consultation meetings were held with relevant stakeholders. The general aim of such measures would be so that the protected features are maintained or achieve a good (conservation) status. In view of this, a total of 0.5% of the Maltese Natura 2000 sites (considering all marine and terrestrial sites within Malta’s Fisheries Management Zone, up to 25nm, and including SACs, SPAs, SCIs and pSCIs) are subject to management measures.

Environmental assessments

As specified by the Environment Impact Assessment Regulations (S.L. 549.46) and the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations (S.L. 549.44), the environmental impact of selected activities and projects that are related to or could have a possible impact on the birds and habitats was assessed when relevant and environment assessments or other appropriate ecological assessments were required for various activities. These also include the appropriate assessments in terms of Articles 6 and 7 of the Habitats Directive. In addition, in view of the Strategic Environmental Assessment Regulations (S.L. 504.102), a strategic environmental assessment was also required on any plan and program which is likely to have significant effect on the environment, such assessments took into consideration both bird species and their habitats. 

During the reporting period a total of 420 applications were screened to determine whether or not further assessments were required.

Habitat protection

Various existing legal provisions of the Environment Protection Act (Cap. 549) are in place, declaring various important sites in the Maltese Islands as Nature Reserves, Bird Sanctuaries (BSs), Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), Special Protection Areas (SPAs), Tree Protection Areas (TPAs), Areas of Ecological Importance (AEIs) and Sites of Scientific Importance (SSIs). The two Ramsar sites (which are also SACs, SPAs and BSs) are both managed on the basis of a management agreement between the Environment & Resources Authority (ERA), the Ministry responsible for the Environment and Bird Life Malta.

Nature Permitting

As a regulatory tool for the implementation of legal obligations and policies, Malta currently uses a permitting system in relation to protected areas and species. Permits are only issued if the requested endeavour is not deemed to threaten biodiversity, and in the case of derogations these are considered in line with the provisions of Article 9 of the Birds Directive.",,https://msdec.gov.mt/en/Pages/WBRU/Legislation--Policy.aspx,"Datasheets & Maps may be downloaded through the following link:
https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Natura-2000-Datasheets-Maps.aspx","Information on the management of the terrestrial Natura 2000 sites (including SPAs) can be found through the following link: https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Natura-2000-Management-Planning.aspx 

https://msdec.gov.mt/en/Document%20Repository/WBRU/2017/News/Press%20release-%20Launch%20of%20the%20Conservation%20of%20Wild%20Birds%20Fund.pdf",http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=11548&l=1,"http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=11548&l=1

Designation of SPAs and Appropriate Assessment Procedures:
http://justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=11550&l=1",21,3234.25,16.55,8,3217.7,01-06-2018,13,0.51,13,0.51,Malta Breeding Bird Atlas 2018,2019,"Epsilon Malta Limited, Nature Conservation Consultants Limited (2019) Malta Breeding Bird Atlas 2018: Wild Birds Regulation Unit, Ministry for the Environment, Sustainable Development and Climate Change, Government Printing Press, Malta.",,,
HR,"U 2013. godini Republika Hrvatska proglasila je ekološku mrežu Natura 2000 kojom su odredena SPA i pSCI podrucja na gotovo 37% kopna i 15% obalnoga mora. Tijekom 2014. godine održan je Biogeografski seminar na kojem je za vecinu vrsta i stanišnih tipova mreža ocijenjena kao dostatna te su podrucja službeno ukljucena u mrežu Natura 2000 (SCI) u sijecnju 2015. godine. Ugradivanjem odredbi Direktive o staništima u hrvatsko zakonodavstvo znatno je ojacana uloga sektora zaštite prirode te podignuta razina ocuvanja prirodnih dobara, u izvještajnom razdoblju prvenstveno kroz uspostavu i provedbu postupka ocjene prihvatljivosti za ekološku mrežu. Za potrebe izrade i dovršetka mreže Natura 2000 Republika Hrvatska je provela cijeli niz istraživanja te podigla razinu poznavanja bioraznolikosti, posebice vezano uz do sada slabo istraživane skupine (prvenstveno beskralješnjaci). Uzimajuci u obzir važnost integriranja ekološke mreže u druge sektore njihove politike, znatno je podignuta razina suradnje s ostalim sektorima koji koriste prirodna dobra.
Kroz projekt financiran sredstvima Kohezijskog fonda, Republika Hrvatska trenutno izraduje okvir za upravljanje ekološkom mrežom Natura 2000 kojim se predvida podizanje sustavnih i individualnih kapaciteta za upravljanje ekološkom mrežom te izrada planova upravljanja. Projekt predvida i provedbu dijela Komunikacijske strategije za Natura 2000, s ciljem veceg razumijevanja važnosti ocuvanja prirode od strane drugih sektora i šire javnosti.

1.	U razdoblju 2014. – 2016. provedeno je intenzivna inventarizacija i kartiranje ptica u okviru Projekta integracije u EU Natura 2000 (NIP) na podrucju RH kao osnova za procese ocuvanja vrsta i njihovih staništa:

Mikulic K., Kapelj S., Zec M., Katanovic I., Budinski I., Martinovic M., Hudina T., Šoštaric I., Jecmenica B., Lucic V., Dumbovic Mazal V. (2016) Završno izvješce za skupinu Aves. U: Mrakovcic M., Mustafic P., Jelic D., Mikulic K., Mazija M., Maguire I., Šašic Kljajo M., Kotarac M., Popijac A., Kucinic M., Mesic Z. (ur.) Projekt integracije u EU Natura 2000 - Terensko istraživanje i laboratorijska analiza novoprikupljenih inventarizacijskih podataka za taksonomske skupine: Actinopterygii i Cephalaspidomorphi, Amphibia i Reptilia, Aves, Chiroptera, Decapoda, Lepidoptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera. OIKON-HID-HYLA-NATURA-BIOM-CKFF-GEONATURA-HPM-TRAGUS, Zagreb: 69-49.

2.	Za 5 vrsta ptica su sredstvima Kohezijskog fonda izradene strucne podloge za izradu Planova upravljanja s akcijskim planom (Species Action Plan):

Tutiš i sur. (2019): Strucna podloga za prijedlog Plana upravljanja zlatovranom s akcijskim planom. Projekt OPKK 2014.-2020. ""Izrada prijedloga planova upravljanja strogo zašticenim vrstama (s akcijskim planovima).“ Zavod za ornitologiju HAZU. Zagreb. 

Kapelj, S.,  Rajkovic, Ž, Šaric Kapelj, I., Lucic, V., Mikulic, K., Zec, M., Budinski, I., (2019): Strucna podloga za prijedlog Plana upravljanja cjevonosnicama s akcijskim planom. Projekt OPKK 2014.-2020. ""Izrada prijedloga planova upravljanja strogo zašticenim vrstama (s akcijskim planovima).“ Udruga BIOM. Zagreb. 68 str.

Mikulic, K., Rajkovic, Ž., Šaric Kapelj, I., Kapelj, S., Lucic, V., Zec, M., Budinski, I., (2019): Strucna podloga za prijedlog Plana upravljanja surim orlom s akcijskim planom. Projekt OPKK 2014.-2020. ""Izrada prijedloga planova upravljanja strogo zašticenim vrstama (s akcijskim planovima).“ Udruga BIOM. Zagreb.105 str.

Lucic, V., Rajkovic, Ž., Kapelj, S., Šaric Kapelj, I., Mikulic, K., Zec, M., Budinski, I., Andevski, J. (2019): Strucna podloga za prijedlog Plana upravljanja bjeloglavim supom s akcijskim planom. Projekt OPKK 2014.-2020. ""Izrada prijedloga planova upravljanja strogo zašticenim vrstama (s akcijskim planovima).“ Udruga BIOM. Zagreb str.97.


3.	Od 2015. (2014. pilot projekt) u Hrvatskoj se provodi i program pracenja cestih vrsta ptica na poljoprivrednim staništima:

Mikulic, K., Majer, M., Zec, M., Culig, P., Katanovic, I. (2017a): Indeks populacije cestih vrsta ptica na poljoprivrednim staništima. Izvještaj za 2015. i 2016. godinu. Udruga BIOM. Zagreb. 48 str.

Mikulic, K., Majer, M., Zec, M., Culig, P., Katanovic, I. (2018): Izvješce o izracunu zajednickog poljoprivredno-okolišnog pokazatelja PRR 2014.-2020.: CCI 35. Indeks populacije cestih vrsta ptica na poljoprivrednim staništima za 2018. godinu. Udruga BIOM. Zagreb. 48 str.

4.	Godine 2018. zapocela je provedba projekta „Razvoj sustava pracenja stanja ocuvanosti vrsta i stanišnih tipova (od interesa za EU)“ (sufinanciran iz Kohezijskog fonda) koji ukljucuje razvoj kljucnih elemenata sustava pracenja stanja i izvješcivanja o stanju ocuvanosti vrsta i stanišnih tipova u svrhu ispunjavanja obveza iz pravne stecevine EU (Direktive o staništima i Direktive o pticama).
5.	Zavod za ornitologiju HAZU je vodeca znanstvena institucija koja se bavi istraživanjem biologije i ekologije ptica, a njegovi zaposlenici su autori kljucnih radova za ocuvanje ptica u RH poput Atlasa selidbe ptica Hrvatske, Crvene knjige ptica Hrvatske te strucne podloge za uspostavu Podrucja važnih za ocuvanje ptica u okviru ekološke mreže NATURA 2000 u Hrvatskoj.
6.	U razdoblju 2013. – 2018. Udruga „BIOM“ te „Hrvatsko društvo za zaštitu ptica i prirode“ osobito se isticu brojem provedenih projekata istraživanja, monitoringa i ocuvanja ptica u Hrvatskoj.
7.	Javne ustanove Parkova prirode i Nacionalnih parkova te županijske javne ustanove nadležne za ocuvanje zašticenih prirodnih vrijednosti provode projekte i aktivnosti usmjerene pracenju stanja i ocuvanju ptica u Hrvatskoj.",,"https://mzoe.gov.hr/o-ministarstvu-1065/djelokrug-4925/zastita-prirode/ekoloska-mreza-natura-2000/1209

http://www.haop.hr/hr/tematska-podrucja/odrzivo-koristenje-prirodnih-dobara-i-ekoloska-mreza/ekoloska-mreza/eu-direktive",http://www.bioportal.hr/gis/,http://www.haop.hr/hr/tematska-podrucja/prirodne-vrijednosti-stanje-i-ocuvanje/pracenje-stanja-prirode/provedba-pracenja,http://www.haop.hr/hr/tematska-podrucja/prirodne-vrijednosti-stanje-i-ocuvanje/planovi-upravljanja-i-mjere-ocuvanja,"https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2013_06_80_1658.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2018_02_15_316.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2019_02_14_276.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2018_11_99_1913.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2019_03_32_660.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2013_12_144_3086.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2016_08_73_1745.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2013_10_124_2664.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2015_10_105_2052.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2014_07_88_1782.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2015_02_17_326.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2016_07_68_1637.html
https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2014_02_15_308.html",38,18149,17104,11,1045,26-10-2015,38,100,3,1.6,Atlas selidbe ptica Hrvatske/Croatian Bird Migration Atlas,2013,"https://www.bib.irb.hr/669386   Kralj, J., Barišic, S., Tutiš, V., Cikovic, D.(ur.) (2013): Atlas selidbe ptica Hrvatske. Zavod za ornitologiju Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti, Zagreb, 250 str.",Crvena knjiga ptica Hrvatske,2013,"http://www.haop.hr/hr/publikacije/crvena-knjiga-ptica-hrvatske 
Tutiš, V., Kralj, J., Radovic, D., Cikovic, D., Barišic, S. (ur.) (2013): Crvena knjiga ptica Hrvatske. Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prirode, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Zagreb, 258 str"
RO,"În România, demersurile pentru dezvoltarea Re?elei Natura 2000 au fost demarate înainte de aderarea la Uniunea Europeana. În anul 2007, România contribuia la re?eaua Natura 2000 cu aproximativ 18% din suprafa?a ?arii. Conform Ordinului de Ministru nr. 1964/2007 privind instituirea regimului de arie naturala protejata a siturilor de importan?a comunitara ca parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România sunt desemnate 267 de situri de importan?a comunitara (SCI), iar prin Hotarârea Guvernului nr. 1284/2007 privind declararea ariilor de protectie speciala avifaunistica, ca parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România sunt declarate 108 arii de protectie speciala avifaunistica (SPA). 
În anul 2011, România a crescut numarul ariilor protejate incluse în Reteaua Natura 2000 la 531 (383 de SCI-uri si 148 SPA-uri). Prin Ordinul ministrului mediului si padurilor nr. 2387/2011 pentru modificarea Ordinului ministrului mediului si dezvoltarii durabile nr. 1964/2007 privind instituirea regimului de arie naturala protejata a siturilor de importanta comunitara, ca parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România sunt declarate înca 116 situri de importanta comunitara (SCI) iar prin Hotarârea Guvernului nr. 971/2011 pentru modificarea si completarea Hotarârii Guvernului nr. 1284/2007 privind declararea ariilor de protectie speciala avifaunistica ca parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România apar alte 40 de arii de protectie speciala avifaunistica (SPA) noi. La nivelul anului 2011, ariile protejate desemnate sub Reteaua Natura 2000 ocupau aproximativ 23% din suprafata totala a tarii. 
În anul 2016, Guvernul României extinde atât numarul cât si suprafata unor situri de importanta comunitara prin Ordinul nr. 46/2016 privind instituirea regimului de arie naturala protejata si declararea siturilor de importanta comunitara ca parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România. Astfel, lista siturilor Natura 2000 de tip SCI creste cu înca 54 de arii naturale protejate si sunt extinse înca 29 de situri deja existente. Tot în anul 2016, prin Hotarârea Guvernului nr. 663/2016 privind instituirea regimului de arie naturala protejata si declararea ariilor de protectie speciala avifaunistica (SPA) drept parte integranta a retelei ecologice europene Natura 2000 în România, au fost desemnate înca 23 de arii de protectie speciala avifaunistica.
La sfarsitul anului 2019 la nivelul Romaniei, erau decalarate un numar de 606 sit-uri Natura2000, din care 171 de SPA-uri declarate, care ocupa o suprafata totala de 3.550.811 ha reprezentand 14,89% din suprafata teritoriului national.
În ce prive?te procesul de planificare a gestionarii siturilor Natura 2000, în 2018 existau 240 planuri de management aprobate, care acopera 238 situri Natura 2000 (164 SCI-uri ?i 74 de SPA-uri). 
În 40% din planurile de management au fost delimitate masuri de management pentru speciile ?i habitatele de interes conservativ, dar în pu?ine cazuri sunt detaliate sau incluse masuri concrete de îmbunata?ire a starii de conservare a habitatelor ?i speciilor care se afla în stare de conservare nefavorabila. Din totalul de 171 de Arii de Protec?ie Speciala Avifaunistica (SPA) în temeiul Directivei Pasari, doar 80 de SPA-uri au obiective de conservare specifice sitului ?i masuri de conservare specifice sitului
Prin Legea nr. 95/2016 privind înfiintarea Agentiei Nationale pentru Arii Naturale Protejate (ANANP) si pentru modificarea Ordonantei de urgenta a Guvernului nr. 57/2007 privind regimul ariilor naturale protejate, conservarea habitatelor naturale, a florei si faunei salbatice a fost reactivata structura coordonatoare pentru managementul ariilor protejate ?i implicit a re?elei Natura 2000 din România. ANANP este o institu?ie publica cu personalitate juridica, finan?ata din venituri proprii ?i subven?ii acordate de la bugetul de stat ?i func?ioneaza în subordinea Ministerului Mediului, Apelor si Padurilor. Scopul ANANP este administrarea unitara ?i eficienta a ariilor naturale protejate ?i conservarea habitatelor naturale, a florei ?i faunei salbatice, reglementate prin dispozi?iile Ordonan?ei de urgen?a a Guvernului nr. 57/2007. Una din atributiile principale ale ANANP o constituie completarea ?i actualizarea bazei de date na?ionala cu privire la starea de conservare a habitatelor ?i speciilor de interes comunitar ?i na?ional în scopul ob?inerii de rapoarte privitoare la aceasta stare
În afara planurilor de management, un alt instrument util in managementul conservarii biodiversitatii din ariile naturale Protejate este reprezentat de planurile de ac?iune pentru diferite specii ?i habitate, dar numarul acestora este mic la nivelul speciilor de pasari de pe teritoriul Romaniei (Aquila pomarina, Phalacrocorax pygmeus, Aythya nyroca, Pelecanus crispus,). Masurile necesare aferente Planificarii si gestionarii retelei Natura2000 in Romania sunt legate de finalizarea procesului de realizare al planurilor de management pentru cele 368 situri Natura 2000, desemnarea SAC-urilor, revizuirea planurilor de management, realizarea de studii ?tiin?ifice privind analiza rezilien?ei siturilor Natura 2000 la schimbarile de mediu ?i propunerea de solu?ii pentru men?inerea eficien?ei acestora, realizarea de planuri na?ionale de ac?iune pentru speciile/habitatele de interes comunitar, simplificarea con?inutului planului de management. 
Din punct de vedere al mecanismelor financiare alocate în perioada 2014-2020 pentru consolidarea ?i extinderea retelei Natura 2000, a protec?iei speciilor de interes UE (implementarea prevederilor Directivei Pasari si Directivei Habitate)  ?i a infrastructurii ecologice men?ionam: 1. Fondul european agricol pentru dezvoltare rurala (FEADR) – Masura M10 Agromediu ?i clima -  Sub-masura 10.1 – agro-mediu ?i clima - Pachetul 3 – paji?ti importante pentru pasari (sub-pachetul 3.1 – Crex crex, sub-pachetul 3.2 – Lanius minor ?i Falco vespertinus) - Pachetul 7 – terenuri arabile importante ca zone de hranire pentru gâsca cu gât rosu (Branta ruficollis) - Pachetul 9- terenuri agricole importante ca zone de hranire pentru acvila ?ipatoare mica (Aquila pomarina) - Pachetul 10 - refugii ecologice pe terenuri arabile pentru speciile de pasari comune asociate terenurilor Agricole - Pachetul 11 - terenuri agricole importante pentru dropie (Otis tarda); 2. Fondul european de dezvoltare regionala (FEDR)/Fondul de coeziune – Proiectul ”Completarea nivelului de cunoa?tere a biodiversita?ii prin implementarea sistemului de monitorizare a starii de conservare a speciilor de pasari de interes comunitar din Romania ?i raportarea în baza articolului 12 al Directivei Pasari 2009/147/CE” perioada 2018 – 2022","In Romania, the steps for developing the Natura 2000 network have started before joining the European Union. In the year 2007, Romania contributed to the Natura 2000 network with approximately 18% of the country's surface. According to the Order of Minister No. 1964/2007 on the establishment of Sites of Community Importance as an integral part of the European Ecological Network Natura 2000 in Romania, 267 Sites of Community importance (SCI) were designated, and by Government Decision No. 1284/2007 on the designation of Special Protection Areas, 108 Special protection areas (SPA) are designated as an integral part of the Natura 2000 network in Romania. 
In 2011, Romania increased the number of protected areas included in the Natura 2000 network to 531 (383 of SCIs and 148 SPAs). By order of the Ministry of Environment and Forests No. 2387/2011, to amend the order of the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development No. 1964/2007 on the establishment of Sites of Community Importance, as an integral part of the European Ecological Network Natura 2000 in Romania, 116 Sites of Community importance (SCIs) have been designated, and as a result of the Government Decision No. 971/2011 for modification and completion of Government Decision No. 1284/2007, another 40 Special Protection Areas (SPA) have been designated. In 2011, protected areas designated under the Natura 2000 network occupied approximately 23% of the country's total area. In the reports of the European Commission, following the biogeographic seminars in Bucharest (2012), Romania had to change the limits of some SCIs, as well as to designate new sites to evenly cover the distribution of species and habitats of Community interest.
In 2016, the Romanian Government extends both the number and the surface of SCIs by Order No. 46/2016 on the establishment of the protected areas regime and the designation of sites of community importance as an integral part of the European Ecological Network Natura 2000 in Romania. Thus, the list of Natura 2000 SCI sites increased by 54 protected areas, and 29 sites already existing are extended. Also in 2016, by Government Decision No. 663/2016 on the establishment of the protected areas regime and the designation of Special Protection Areas (SPA) as an integral part of the European Ecological Network Natura 2000 in Romania, 23 special protection areas have been designated.
At the end of 2019, the total number of protected areas that have been designated under the Natura 2000 network is 606, of which 171 SPAs, with a total surface of 3.550.811 ha representing 14,89% from the national territory.
Regarding the management planning process of Natura 2000 protected areas, by 2018 there were 240 management plans approved, covering 238 Natura 2000 sites (164 SCIs and 74 SPAs). 
In 40% of the management plans, management measures for species and habitats of conservative interest have been delineated, but only in a few cases, concrete measures to improve the conservation status of habitats and species of unfavorable condition are detailed and included. From the total of 171 de Special Protection Areas (SPA) under EU Birds Directive, only 80 SPA’s have specific site level conservation objectives and specific site-level conservation measures.
By the approval of Law No. 95/2016 (concerning the establishment of the National Agency for Protected Natural Areas and for the amendment of the Government Emergency Ordinance No. 57/2007 on the regime of protected natural areas, conservation of natural habitats, flora and wildlife), the structure for the management of protected areas and implicitly of the Natura 2000 network in Romania has been reactivated. The National Agency for Protected Natural Areas has been established in order to provide the necessary framework for the management of nature protected areas. One of the main tasks of the Agency is the completion and update of the national database regarding the conservation status of habitats and species in order to produce reports related to that Status.
Apart from management plans, another useful tool is represented by the action plans for different species and habitats, but there are only just a few available for birds species (Aquila Pomarina, Phalacrocorax pygmeus, Aythya nyroca, Pelecanus crispus,).
The necessary measures for Planning the designation and management of sites are related to completing the process of implementation of management plans for the 368 Natura 2000 sites, the designation of SACs, the review of management plans, conducting scientific studies on the resilience analysis of Natura 2000 sites to environmental changes and proposing solutions to maintain their effectiveness, the implementation of national action plans for species/habitats of conservation interest, simplification of content of the management plan.
Regarding the funding allocated in Romania for strengthening and expanding the Natura 2000 network, protection of species of EU interest and green infrastructure during the period 2014-2020 we could mention the following: 1. European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)– M10 Agri-environment and climate -  Sub-measure 10.1 – Agri-environment and climate - Package 3 – Important grasslands for birds (Sub-Package 3.1 – Crex crex, Sub-package 3.2 – Lanius minor and Falco vespertinus) - Package 7 – Arable land important as feeding areas for the red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis) - Package 9- Important agricultural lands as feeding areas for the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina) - Package 10 - Ecological refuge on arable land for common bird species associated with agricultural land -  Package 11 - Agricultural land important for the great bustard (Otis tarda); 2. European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) / Cohesion Fund (CF) – The Project “Completion of biodiversity level of knowledge through implementation of the monitoring system for the conservation status of birds species from Romania and Reporting under Art.12 of the Birds Directive 2009/147/CE” period 2018 – 2022","Information about Birds Directive in Romania can be found on:
http://www.mmediu.ro/.
https:/2.1./monitorizareapasarilor.cndd.ro/directiva_pasari.html. 
http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/83289.","Information about SPA network in Romania can be found on the web site of Ministry of Environment, Water and Forests: 
http://www.mmediu.ro/.
Updated information about SPA’s: 
https://monitorizareapasarilor.cndd.ro/documents/Atlasul-Pasarilor-2015.pdf
http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/8654","Common Bird Monitoring Scheme: https://www.sor.ro/proiect/common-bird-monitoring/
Water Birds Midwinter counts: https://www.sor.ro/proiect/international-waterbird-count/

Red Breasted Goose Monitoring: https://www.sor.ro/proiect/monitorizarea-gastelor-cu-gat-rosu/

Dalmatian Pelican and Great White Pelican Colony Census

Atlasul Pasarilor cuibaritoare din România: http://www.atlaspasari.ro/index.php

Monitoring of nocturnal birds of open habitats: 
https://milvus.ro/birds/monitoring/programul-de-monitorizare-a-speciilor-nocturne-din-habitate-deschise-si-semideschise/

National raptor monitoring: 
https://milvus.ro/birds/monitoring/monitorizarea-pasarilor-rapitoare-de-zi-cuibaritoare-din-romania-mpr/

Wintering birds of prey monitoring: 
https://milvus.ro/birds/monitoring/programul-de-monitorizare-a-efectivelor-de-iarna-a-pasarilor-rapitoare/

Wintering Long-eared Owl monitoring program: 
https://milvus.ro/birds/monitoring/asiotu-monitoring","Article 5-6 from Birds Directive are transposed by OUG 57/2007:
http://www.mmediu.ro/beta/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/2012-08-08_legislatie_protectia_naturii_oug57din2007regimariinaturaleprotejate.pdfArticle 7-8 are transposed through Hunting Law 47/2006:
http://www.mmediu.ro/articol/legislatie/38","Transposition of Bird Directive in national legislation has been fulfilled through Emergency Government Ordinance No. 57/2007 on the regime of protected natural areas, conservation of natural habitats, wild flora and fauna, with further amendments through Law no.49/2011:
http://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocument/83289",171,38746.82,37257.07,1,1489.75,02-12-2019,82,47.95,82,47.95,Atlas al speciilor de pasari de interes comunitar din România,2015,https://monitorizareapasarilor.cndd.ro/atlasul_pasarilor.html,"Pasari rare, vulnerabile ?i periclitate în România",2009,"Munteanu, Dan, (2008); Pasari rare, vulnerabile ?i periclitate în România, Ed. Alma Mater"
IE,See below,"The main achievements during the reporting period under the Birds Directive include: significant investment in the roll out of on-the-ground proactive conservation measures for a range of Ireland’s bird species and their habitats, both within and outside of Natura 2000; the continuation and expansion of survey and monitoring initiatives in order to track changes in bird populations and to allow for more efficient targeting of conservation measures; the planned completion of the terrestrial SPA Network, by way of Statutory Instruments, by the end of 2019; and the integration of biodiversity requirements into all sectors in tandem with the promotion of biodiversity awareness among the general public.

The RBAPS (Results Based Agri-environmental Payment Schemes) project in Ireland developed and trialled results-based payment methods for the improved management of biodiversity on farmland. The project ran from January 2015 to June 2018 and engaged a total of 35 farmers in contracts in midland Ireland, including lands in Middle Shannon Callows SPA (004096). Biodiversity measures were delivered for breeding waders (primarily Redshank, Lapwing and Curlew) and for Whinchat, as well as for species-rich grasslands and marsh fritillary.

As part of the Irish Rural Development Programme (RDP) 2014-2020 there is a significant and novel commitment to invest €74 million in national and European priorities (including for nature and biodiversity) via European Innovation Partnerships (EIPs). The first EIP rolled out, with a budget of circa €25 million, was the Hen Harrier Project which is working with farmers within the six upland breeding SPAs for this Annex I species to deliver improved breeding and foraging habitat using a results based approach. This also delivers sustainable benefits for biodiversity, upland ecosystems and improving the local economies. In addition, there were two EIP open calls for access to further funding of €20 million. Additional biodiversity projects have received funding that will deliver conservation measures in a variety of areas across the country. Many of the projects operate in Natura 2000 sites and it is expected that the outcomes of these projects will inform the design of measures in the next Rural Development period and beyond.

Ireland’s now strong tradition of breeding tern conservation continues with exchequer funding supplemented by Life Programme support to deliver measured benefits at sites along the east coast of Ireland i.e. Rockabill SPA (004014), Lady’s Island Lake SPA (004009) and The Murrough SPA (004186). Furthermore, effective tern conservation work is becoming evident away from these traditional sites to include further sites on the east coast as well as new initiatives in both Cork and Galway port areas.

The NPWS Farm Plan Scheme was launched in 2006. The main purpose of the scheme is to promote a focused, targeted and innovative approach to farming for habitats and species of conservation concern in some of Ireland’s most important biodiversity areas. To date, the scheme has focused almost exclusively on Natura 2000 sites, with more than 800 NPWS Farm Plans implemented with the aim of improving conservation condition of various habitats and species at farm level. Annex I species such as Greenland White-fronted Goose, Whooper Swan and Barnacle Goose has benefited from such investment. By trialling innovative approaches to farming for conservation, valuable lessons are learned which in turn can inform advice to the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM) on measures that can, in some instances, be further developed and delivered under national, co-financed Agri-Environmental Schemes (AES). Between February 2006 and February 2018, a total of approximately €27 million was spent in circa 23,000ha under the scheme.
Ireland’s Corncrake population underwent a severe crash during the 1980s; however, the population, which remains depleted, has been stabilised by way of sustained conservation efforts since the 1990s. The NPWS Farm Plan Scheme, in concert with a specific DAFM Green Low-carbon Agri-environment Scheme (GLAS) measure, continues to preserve and enhance Corncrake breeding habitat as well as promoting the delay of mowing dates for specific meadows to allow for this species to breed successfully.
The Curlew Conservation Programme is a pilot effort for a new approach to Curlew conservation in Ireland. It was introduced in 2017 and provides a wide ranging framework that includes habitat maintenance, enhancement and creation; survey and monitoring; nest protection; and public and community engagement.
The state funded Irish Wetland Bird Survey (I-WeBS) and the Countryside Bird Survey (CBS) which are the primary annual surveys charged with monitoring Ireland’s migrant wintering waterbirds and the common and widespread breeding songbirds of the Irish countryside respectively, continue to rely upon the skilled volunteer base of BirdWatch Ireland for effective survey coverage – both excellent exemplars of effective Citizen Science.

With regard to seabirds, a multi-year national survey of Ireland’s 24 breeding species is now nearing completion. This coincided with ObSERVE, a €2.5 million programme in collaboration with the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment (DCCAE), which ran from the end of 2014 until 2018. This programme was designed to greatly improve knowledge and understanding of Ireland’s marine birds and cetaceans through high quality, state-of-the-art data collection across the Irish EEZ and has delivered a vast quantity of high quality information that will be used to better protect marine species. The aerial bird survey element of the programme consisted of high level surveys of vast areas across parts of Ireland’s EEZ in conjunction with a more intensive survey of parts of western Irish Sea. The latter is particularly relevant for Ireland’s next steps with regard to marine SPA classification of more offshore areas.

Associated with Ireland’s response to ECJ Case C418-04, an SPA Review in 2013 detailed Ireland’s terrestrial and nearshore SPA Network. The signing of Statutory Instruments (SIs), the final step of the designation process, has been completed for all but eight sites which account for circa 5% of the network. These outstanding sites include: a number farmed grassland areas within the Corncrake’s breeding range; extensive upland and lowland peatland habitats for the conservation of Golden Plover and Merlin among others; and a significant amount of nearshore sub-tidal marine waters for the conservation of Red-throated Diver, Slavonian Grebe and other marine birds. It is forecast that all of these remaining sites, will have their relevant SIs enacted by the end of Q4 2019. 

The protection of Ireland’s birds and their habitats are central to its third National Biodiversity Plan which was published during this reporting period and covers the period 2017 – 2021. The Plan is framed across seven objectives: 1. Mainstream biodiversity into decision-making across all sectors; 2. Strengthen the knowledge base for conservation, management, and sustainable use of biodiversity; 3. Increase awareness and appreciation of biodiversity and ecosystem services; 4. Conserve and restore biodiversity and ecosystem services in the wider countryside; 5. Conserve and restore biodiversity and ecosystem services in the marine environment; 6. Expand and improve management of protected areas and species; and 7. Strengthen international governance for biodiversity and ecosystem services. The objective to bring biodiversity into the mainstream of policy and decision making is a cornerstone of this new Plan. Biodiversity awareness is a central element in wider efforts to combat loss of habitats and species and to combat the effects of climate change.",https://www.npws.ie/directive-2009147ec-conservation-wild-birds-codified-version,https://www.npws.ie/protected-sites/spa,https://www.npws.ie/research-projects/animal-species/birds,"Article 5 – Licence to interfere with or destroy breeding place of any Wild Bird
https://www.npws.ie/licences/disturbance/breeding-places 

Article 5 – Licence to keep an injured or disabled Wild Bird
https://www.npws.ie/licences/possession/keep-injured-or-disabled-protected-wild-animal-or-bird 

Article 5 – Licence to photograph or film a Wild Bird
https://www.npws.ie/licences/disturbance/photograph-or-film-protected-wild-animal-or-bird 

Article 5 – Licence to hunt fauna (including birds) on State-owned Foreshore
https://www.npws.ie/licences/hunting/fauna-state-owned-foreshore 

Article 5 – Licence to hunt pen-reared birds
https://www.npws.ie/licences/hunting/pen-reared-birds 

Article 5 – Licence to hunt Wild Birds for training gun dogs
https://www.npws.ie/licences/hunting/wild-birds-training-gun-dogs

Article 7 – Hunting Season (Open Seasons Order) for certain Wild Birds
https://www.npws.ie/legislation/irish-law/open-seasons-order 

Article 5 – Licence to attach a marking/tagging device to a Wild Bird
https://www.npws.ie/licences/education-and-science/mark-or-ring-birds-wild-animals 

Article  5 – Licence to take nests or eggs of Wild Birds
https://www.npws.ie/licences/education-and-science/eggs-nests-wild-birds 

Article 5 – Licence to capture/kill protected Wild Bird for scientific or educational purposes
https://www.npws.ie/licences/education-and-science/kill-protected-wild-birds",https://www.npws.ie/legislation,154,5821,4030,101,1791,29-07-2019,0,0,0,0,Bird Atlas 2007–11: the breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland,2013,"Balmer, D. E., Gillings, S., Caffrey, B., Swann, R. L., Downie, I. S., & Fuller, R. J. (2013) Bird Atlas 2007–11: the breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland. BTO Books, Thetford.",Birds of Conservation Concern in Ireland 2014 – 2019,2013,Colhoun K. & Cummins S. 2013. Birds of Conservation Concern in Ireland 2014 – 2019. Irish Birds. Volume 9 Number 4 pg523-541.
IT,"A livello nazionale
Il 30 marzo 2017 la Conferenza Stato-Regioni ha approvato il Piano d’Azione nazionale per il contrasto degli illeciti contro gli uccelli selvatici. Si tratta di una necessaria e concreta risposta al preoccupante fenomeno del bracconaggio ai danni degli uccelli selvatici, anche tenuto conto degli impegni assunti in sede comunitaria ed internazionale. L’attuazione del Piano procede con forte impegno di amministrazioni pubbliche, portatori d’interesse e comunità scientifica.
Nell’ambito della gestione venatoria prosegue con il supporto tecnico-scientifico di ISPRA la definizione di piani di gestione per specie di uccelli in cattivo stato di conservazione e un’approfondita revisione delle date di inizio della migrazione primaverile e di termine della dipendenza dei piccoli (documento di Key concepts), con l’obiettivo generale di garantire correttezza scientifica e coerenza di approccio con gli altri Paesi in un’ottica di rotte di migrazione.
Nell’ambito dell’EU Pilot 6730/14/ENVI, ed in accordo anche con quanto previsto nella Strategia Nazionale per la Biodiversità, allo scopo di fornire una risposta di sistema al citato precontenzioso comunitario, nel 2016 è stato stabilito di avviare i lavori per la redazione della Linee Guida Nazionali sulla Valutazione di Incidenza, mediante un apposito Gruppo di Lavoro (GdL) che ha visto coinvolti i rappresenti della Regioni e delle Province Autonome. Detto GdL è stato costituito nel Comitato Paritetico per la biodiversità in data 18/02/2016. In totale sono stati condotti 11 incontri, con l’ultimo incontro operativo effettuato il 18/09/2018. A seguito del lavoro svolto, sono state inoltrate alla DG ENV diverse bozze del documento, l’ultima delle quali, inoltrata in data 11/12/2018, ha ottenuto l’accordo da parte dei Servizi della Commissione europea. Nel 2019 si provvederà ad avviare l’iter di adozione del documento a livello nazionale.
Per quanto attiene al caso EU Pilot 8348/16/ENVI per il mancato completamento della designazione dei siti della rete Natura 2000, in particolar modo in ambito marino, a partire dal 2015 il MATTM ha incaricato ISPRA di identificare, sulla base dei dati scientifici ad oggi disponibili, le aree all’interno delle quali è necessario proporre nuovi siti Natura 2000 a mare. Tra il 2017 ed il 2018 il MATTM si è fatto promotore dell’attivazione di specifici tavoli tecnici con MIPAAFT, Regioni ed ISPRA. Le Regioni stanno lavorando alla definizione e concertazione con i portatori di interesse di diverse proposte di nuovi siti marini e relative misure di conservazione. 

A livello regionale
Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano
Il Programma di Sviluppo Rurale 2014-2020 della Provincia di Bolzano ha contribuito in modo sostanziale all’attuazione di misure di conservazione a favore della tutela delle specie e degli habitat ai sensi delle Direttive comunitarie 92/43/CEE e 147/2009/CE. In riferimento alle ZPS e quindi in particolare per l’avifauna, l’amministrazione provinciale ha realizzato, nel periodo 2013-2018, tramite la misura 323, con la vecchia programmazione 2007-2013, e tramite la misura 4.4, con la nuova programmazione 2014-2020, diversi progetti. Le misure di cui sopra sono state adottate in diverse ZPS per migliorare gli habitat dei tetraonidi, in particolare il Gallo cedrone (Tetrao urogallus), e garantire la loro sopravvivenza. È stato inoltre in parte realizzato un progetto all’interno del Parco naturale Sciliar-Catinaccio, sito (IT3110029), che ha previsto la rimozione di una linea aerea che ha causato negli ultimi anni la mortalità di diversi uccelli, tra cui anche alcuni esemplari di Gufo reale (Bubo bubo). Sono stati infine portati a compimento diversi interventi a favore degli uccelli acquatici nel sito Natura 2000 Lago di Caldaro (IT3110034).
L’obiettivo di protezione delle specie di uccelli dell’Allegato I della Direttiva Uccelli, è stato esteso anche oltre le ZPS, tramite la realizzazione di diversi interventi a favore delle specie di interesse comunitario come Tetrao urogallus e Tetrao tetrix ricorrendo a fondi provinciali. A titolo di esempio si citano i progetti di alcune riserve di caccia, che su base volontaria e con agevolazioni economiche derivanti dal ""fondo del paesaggio"" (Dotazione finanziaria prevista dalla Legge Provinciale 16/1970 “Tutela del paesaggio”), hanno effettuato tra il 2013 ed il 2017 migliorie ambientali su una superficie di circa 50 ettari distribuiti su tutto il territorio provinciale. Gli interventi realizzati mirano alla riapertura di radure e prati abbandonati (coturnice, rapaci) e in fase di chiusura da parte del bosco con aumento delle linee ecotonali (decespugliamento, rimozione della rinnovazione ecc.) o al diradamento di foreste troppo chiuse e prive di sottobosco in aree vocate per il fagiano di monte e il gallo cedrone.
L’amministrazione provinciale negli ultimi anni ha inoltre investito diverse risorse in ricerche volte ad approfondire le conoscenze e la salvaguardia di specie dell’Allegato I della Direttiva Uccelli. A titolo esemplificativo vengono elencati di seguito alcuni studi già realizzati o in fase di programmazione:
- È stato elaborato un Piano di valutazione e di riduzione del rischio di elettrocuzione per il Gufo reale (Bubo bubo) nel territorio di diversi comuni della Provincia. 
- In Valle Isarco sono stati elaborati progetti esecutivi per la realizzazione di misure per la mitigazione del rischio di elettrocuzione. 
- Dal 2015 sono stati realizzati (o sono in fase di realizzazione) diversi studi inerente all’ecologia, la diffusione e il successo riproduttivo dell’aquila reale in diversi comuni della Provincia. 
- Raccolta dei dati disponibili a livello provinciale su specie faunistiche e floristiche e loro salvataggio in un'unica banca dati, sviluppata in collaborazione tra Museo di scienze naturali e Ripartizione Natura, paesaggio e sviluppo del territorio. Sono stati inoltre avviati contatti con la piattaforma Ornitho.it allo scopo di raccogliere armonizzare tutti i dati disponibili, riguardanti l’avifauna sul territorio altoatesino e immettendoli nella banca dati provinciale.
- Il museo di scienze naturali di Bolzano sta sviluppando un progetto scientifico su distribuzione e minaccia degli uccelli in Alto Adige, che prevede tra l’altro l’elaborazione di una nuova versione della lista rossa;
- Partecipazione al progetto “AlpBioNet” (http://www.alpine-space.eu/projects/alpbionet2030/en/home), progetto europeo nel Quadro del Programma Interreg-Alpin Space (2016-2019) a cui partecipano 15 partner di tutto l’arco alpino. L’obiettivo che si prefigge è l‘""Integrative Alpine wildlife and habitat management for the next generation” e nasce come progetto integrativo del progetto ECONNECT concluso nel 2011. L’Ufficio Parchi naturali collabora come subpartner con il Parco nazionale Alti Tauri, che è project partner della regione pilota “Parco nazionale Alti Tauri - Parco naturale Vedrette di Ries-Aurina”. Il tema trattato in questa regione pilota è l’analisi della relazione tra fruizione turistica del territorio e sua funzione ecologica, in quanto anche habitat di specie faunistiche sensibili, nonché l’analisi tra l’utilizzo nella pratica venatoria di munizione al piombo e le possibili ripercussioni su specie animali, quali ad esempio l’aquila reale e il gipeto.
Regione Campania
- In base alla redazione del PAF nel 2012, finanziamento con i PSR e i FESR della programmazione 2014-2020 di azioni relative alla rete Natura 2000. Inoltre, nel 2018 è stato avviato il processo per la compilazione del nuovo PAF.
- Nel periodo 2013-2018 la Regione ha finanziato alcuni studi su specifiche specie di importanza comunitaria, per aumentare il livello di conoscenze, coinvolgendo le Università e il mondo dell'associazionismo.
- Anche I Parchi Nazionali del Cilento Vallo di Diano e Alburni e del Vesuvio hanno finanziato alcuni studi che hanno aumentato le conoscenze di specie e/o habitat nel loro territorio. Analogamente le AMP hanno contribuito alla conoscenza di specie di uccelli marini, anche utilizzando le risorse della Strategia Marina, in coordinamento con ARPAC.
- La conservazione di molte delle ZPS nel periodo 2013-2018 è stata assicurata dal loro inserimento entro i perimetri di aree protette regionali, dove non erano già inserite in aree protette nazionali.
- Nel 2016 è stato avviato un processo che ha portato nel gennaio 2018 alla adozione di Misure di Conservazione per I SIC, al fine della loro designazione come ZSC, che ha compreso misure sugli habitat utili anche alla conservazione delle specie di uccelli.
- Nel 2017 è stato avviato il processo per bandire la fornitura di servizi di realizzazione delle carte delle specie e piani di gestione della maggior parte delle ZPS, finanziabili con le risorse del PSR. Contemporaneamente la Regione ha redatto le linee guida per il piano di monitoraggio della Rete Natura 2000 regionale.
Regione Emilia-Romagna
-LIFE13 NAT/IT/000115 LIFE AGREE - coAstal laGoon long teRm management. Azione C4 rinaturalizzazione degli isolotti artificiali nella Riserva Naturale di Popolamento Animale “Dune e isole della Sacca di Gorino” destinati ad habitat riproduttivo per l’avifauna.
-LIFE10 NAT/IT/000256 MC-SALT Environmental Management and Conservation in Mediterranean salt works and coastal lagoons Azione C1: Restoration of hydraulic circulation and new breeding islets in Cervia salt work. Azioni A3 ed E2: Monitoraggio dell’avifauna ex-ante ed ex-post gli interventi dell’Azione C1 nella ZPS IT4070007 “Salina di Cervia” - Azione C2 Restoration of hydraulic circulation in the Molentargius – Saline Natural Regional Park. Creation of two islets for nesting and staging for birds.
Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia
-Approvazione o Adozione dei Piani di Gestione dei siti Natura 2000
?	ZSC-ZPS Foce dell’Isonzo – Isola della Cona
?	ZSC-ZPS Laguna di Marano e Grado
?	ZSC-ZPS Dolomiti Friulane
?	ZPS Alpi Giulie.
-Attivazione applicativo “BioStream” per la gestione della banca dati della Biodiversità condivisa con Regione Veneto e Provincia autonoma di Trento (in collaborazione con Fondazione Dolomiti Unesco e MUSE di Trento).
-Gestione del progetto Life Magredi Grasslands (400 ettari di praterie magre recuperate e 60.000 esemplari di 80 specie rare trapiantate a fine 2017 per la ricostituzione di un importante habitat di specie (62A0).
-Avvio dell’iter per l’istituzione di una nuova ZPS a mare.
-Tramite la Misura 7 - Intervento 7.1.1 “Stesura e aggiornamento dei piani di gestione dei siti Natura 2000” del PSR 2014-2020 si sta procedendo all’aggiornamento dei Piani di gestione o delle misure di conservazione di alcuni siti Natura 2000. I beneficiari dell’intervento sono gli enti e gli organi gestori dei parchi e delle riserve naturali regionali
Regione Lazio
-	LIFE14 NAT/IT/000544- Restoring the Pontine Archipelago ecosystem through management of rats and other invasive alien species – PonDerat. 2015–2020, per la conservazione delle berte maggiori e minori (Calonectris diomedea e Puffinus yelkouan);
-	LIFE08 NAT/IT/000316: Urgent long-term nature conservation actions for the SPA and the pSIC of the Monti della Tolfa area - MONTI DELLA TOLFA. 2010–2014, per la conservazione delle specie di uccelli del sito Natura 2000.
-	Supporto tecnico ed economico nel progetto di Studio e la conservazione dell’Albanella minore (Circus pygargus) gestito dalla LIPU di Viterbo.
Regione Lombardia
Con particolare riferimento alla Rete delle ZPS i principali obiettivi raggiunti ai sensi della Direttiva Uccelli durante il periodo 2013-2018 riguardano una complessa serie di interventi regolamentari attuati per una adeguata gestione delle ZPS, implementativa della Direttiva Uccelli.
Regione Marche
- Revisione della disciplina regionale sulla Valutazione di incidenza.
- Approvazione dei Piani di gestione/Misure di conservazione dei siti Natura 2000 Marche. 
- Approvazione del PAF Marche 2014-2020. - Aggiornamenti banca dati Natura 2000 Marche. 
- Indagine sulle aree marine prospicienti la costa delle Marche.
Regione Piemonte
La Giunta regionale ha approvato con la D.G.R. n. 54-7409 del 7/4/2014 le ""Misure di conservazione per la tutela della Rete natura 2000 del Piemonte"" (http://www.regione.piemonte.it/parchi/cms/dati-territoriali-new/aree-protette-e-rn2000/pianificazione-e-norme.html) , poi modificate con la D.G.R. n. 22-368 del 29/09/2014, con D.G.R. n. 17-2814 del 18/01/2016 e con D.G.R. n.24-2976 del 29/2/2016. Le misure sono costituite da una serie di disposizioni, articolate in buone pratiche, obblighi e divieti di carattere generale, efficaci per tutti i siti della Rete Natura 2000, unitamente a disposizioni specifiche relative a gruppi di habitat costituenti tipologie ambientali prevalenti presenti in ciascun sito, così come previsto dal D.M. 17 ottobre 2007 e s.m.i., recante ""Criteri minimi uniformi per la definizione di misure di conservazione relative a Zone speciali di conservazione (ZSC) e a Zone di protezione speciale (ZPS)"". Alcune Misure sono specifiche per le sole ZPS. Inoltre, le Misure approvate forniscono gli indirizzi per la redazione delle misure sito-specifiche e dei piani di gestione. All’interno delle Misure di conservazione sito-specifiche e dei Piani di gestione sono presenti misure destinate alle specie di avifauna presenti nel sito nel caso in cui lo stesso sia classificato come SIC/ZPS.
Regione Sardegna
LIFE16 NAT/ES/000235 AQUILA a-LIFE - Accomplish Western Mediterranean Bonelli's Eagle recovery by working together for an electricity grid suitable for birds.
Regione Sicilia 
LIFE14 NAT/IT/001017 LIFE ConRaSi - ""Measures for the conservation of Bonelli's eagle, Egyptian
vulture and Lanner falcon in Sicily. Coordinador WWF Italia. Socios: GREFA y Región de Sicilia. 2015-
2018
Regione Toscana
- approvazione con deliberazione del Consiglio regionale n. 10 dell'11 febbraio 2015 del Piano Ambientale ed Energetico Regionale (PAER) (http://www.regione.toscana.it/-/piano-ambientale-ed-energetico) strumento programmatico di riferimento per le attività in materia ambientale comprensivo della strategia regionale della biodiversità. 
- approvazione l.r. 19 marzo 2015, n. 30 (https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/regioni/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=2015-07-25&atto.codiceRedazionale=15R00251 ) “Norme per la conservazione e la valorizzazione del patrimonio naturalistico-ambientale regionale. Modifiche alla l.r. 24/1994 , alla l.r. 65/1997, alla l.r. 24/2000 ed alla l.r. 10/2010”: la legge, che ha avuto un articolato percorso di formazione, ha inteso rivedere ed aggiornare in un testo unico coordinato il complesso delle materie inerenti la tutela e la valorizzazione dell'ambiente naturale e la conservazione della biodiversità, dapprima contenute in molteplici fonti normative disomogenee ed attualmente interpretate alla luce dell'unicità di un sistema che costituisce “il patrimonio naturalistico ambientale della Toscana” e che interessa l'intero territorio regionale. Fino all'approvazione della LR 30/2015 la componente della tutela della biodiversità era disciplinata in ambito regionale dalla legge regionale 56/00.
- designazione di nuovi siti natura 2000 (tra cui una nuova ZPS denominata Bonifica della Gherardesca con codice Natura 2000 IT5120105) ed aggiornamento dell'elenco regionale (D.C.R. n. 27/2017);
- assegnazione di fondi strutturali (bando PSR 2014 - 2020, sottomisura 7.1) finalizzati alla redazione/aggiornamento/completamento di 49 piani di gestione di Siti Natura 2000 presenti in Toscana.
Provincia Autonoma di Trento
A seguito della nuova governance del Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio, è stata recentemente approvata la seguente delibera di adozione delle misure di conservazione specifiche per la ZPS “Stelvio”: D.G.P. 23 febbraio 2017, n. 305 
(http://www.delibere.provincia.tn.it/scripts/VediProvvedimento.asp?Modalita=Delibere&numero=305&anno=2017 )
Regione Valle d’Aosta
- attività di monitoraggio, gestione e valorizzazione dei siti Natura 2000, compatibilmente con le risorse economiche disponibili, derivanti in parte dal bilancio regionale e, in misura maggiore, da fondi comunitari (FESR). Sono state attivate campagne di monitoraggio per alcune specie (Ortolano, Succiacapre) e per alcuni siti (Monitoraggio avifauna nel sito IT1205070 Zona umida di Saint-Marcel), mentre altre specie sono regolarmente monitorate/censite dai competenti uffici regionali (Gipeto, Aquila reale, Galliformi alpini). 
- È stato avviato l’Osservatorio regionale della Biodiversità, e realizzato un importante intervento di recupero e ripristino di una zona umida di fondovalle (ZSC/ZPS IT1205070 Zona umida di Saint-Marcel) per favorire la sosta e la nidificazione di specie di uccelli legate agli ambienti acquatici. 
- Sono state portate avanti attività di promozione e valorizzazione della rete N2000 puntando sulla fruizione sostenibile di questi delicati ambienti. 
- Sono state sollecitate le attività di predisposizione dei piani territoriali dei due parchi naturali presenti in valle d’Aosta, per la cui elaborazione è stato scelto un approccio di tipo globale ed integrato, al fine di coniugare il piano del parco e il piano di gestione del sito Natura 2000. Il piano del Parco naturale Mont Avic è stato approvato nella primavera 2018 mentre è in fase di approvazione definitiva il piano del Parco nazionale Gran Paradiso.",,"http://www.minambiente.it/pagina/rete-natura-2000
https://www.minambiente.it/pagina/direttiva-uccelli","A livello nazionale
SIC, ZSC e ZPS in Italia: http://www.minambiente.it/pagina/sic-zsc-e-zps-italia
Elenco delle ZPS: https://www.minambiente.it/pagina/elenco-delle-zps
Piano d’azione antibracconaggio https://www.minambiente.it/pagina/piano-di-azione-il-contrasto-degli-illeciti-contro-gli-uccelli-selvatici
Piano di azione e piani di gestione per specie https://www.minambiente.it/pagina/conservazione-e-gestione-delle-specie
Nuovo Network Nazionale della Biodiversità, sistema informativo che consente di interrogare e visualizzare su Webgis i dati della banca dati Natura 2000: http://www.nnb.isprambiente.it/it/il-network
A livello regionale 
Regione Abruzzo
https://www.regione.abruzzo.it/content/zone-di-protezione-speciale-e-siti-di-importanza-comunitaria
Regione Basilicata:
http://www.retecologicabasilicata.it/ambiente/site/portal/section.jsp?sec=100077
Informazioni cartografiche aggiornate relative ai Siti Natura 2000: http://regione.basilicata.it/giunta/site/giunta/department.jsp?dep=100050&area=242819&level=0
Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano:
http://www.provincia.bz.it/natura-ambiente/natura-territorio/natura2000/siti-natura-2000-alto-adige.asp
Regione Campania:
http://www.naturacampania.it
Regione Emilia-Romagna:
https://ambiente.regione.emilia-romagna.it/it/parchi-natura2000/rete-natura-2000/siti
Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia:
http://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/ambiente-territorio/tutela-ambiente-gestione-risorse-naturali/FOGLIA203/ 
Regione Lazio
http://www.regione.lazio.it/prl_ambiente/?vw=contenutidettaglio&id=111
Regione Liguria
http://www.ambienteinliguria.it/lirgw/eco3/ep/linkPagina.do?canale=/Home/020natura/020retenatura2000
Regione Lombardia:
http://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioRedazionale/servizi-e-informazioni/Enti-e-Operatori/ambiente-ed-energia/Parchi-e-aree-protette/biodiversita-e-reti-ecologiche/rete-natura-2000-e-valutazione-incidenza
https://www.cartografia.regione.lombardia.it/sivas/jsp/documentazione/reteNatura.jsf 
Regione Marche:
http://www.regione.marche.it/natura2000/index-home.html
Regione Molise
http://www3.regione.molise.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/657
Regione Piemonte:
http://www.regione.piemonte.it/parchi/cms/rete-natura-2000.html 
Regione Sardegna
http://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/25?s=3111&v=2&c=9&t
Regione Toscana:
http://www.regione.toscana.it/-/rete-natura-2000-in-toscana
WebGis GEOScopio: http://www502.regione.toscana.it/geoscopio/arprot.html 
Provincia Autonoma di Trento:
http://www.areeprotette.provincia.tn.it/rete_ecologica_europea_Natura_2000/natura_2000/
Regione Umbria:
FS, misure di conservazione, etc: 
http://www.regione.umbria.it/ambiente/zone-di-protezione-speciale-zps;jsessionid=E17B162E6B1179F233CD9D9F58F027AF
Dati cartografici WEBGIS:
http://www.regione.umbria.it/ambiente/dati-cartografici-webgis-natura-2000
Regione Valle d’Aosta
https://www.regione.vda.it/risorsenaturali/conservazione/natura2000/siti/default_i.aspx
Regione Veneto
https://www.regione.vda.it/risorsenaturali/conservazione/natura2000/siti/default_i.aspx","A livello nazionale: 
ISPRA coordina attività di raccolta ed organizzazione dei dati, a ciò si aggiungono le iniziative regionali e delle aree protette, anche con riferimento alle singole ZPS. Al fine di ottimizzare l’efficienza e l’efficacia, evitando duplicazioni e garantendo l’aggregabilità dei dati dei monitoraggi, a partire dal 2018 i monitoraggi svolti dalle AMP e dalle ARPA nell’ambito della Marine Strategy sono stati integrati con nuove attività finalizzate al monitoraggio di alcune specie e habitat inclusi nelle Direttive Natura. In particolare, per quanto attiene alla Direttiva Uccelli le specie interessate sono state Berta maggiore, Berta minore, Marangone dal Ciuffo e Gabbiano Corso.

A livello regionale
Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano
Censimenti del gallo cedrone (Tetrao urogallus) vengono condotti a partire dal 1998 nel sito Parco naturale Monte Corno (IT3110036) al fine di valutare l’efficacia degli interventi di miglioramento ambientale effettuate a favore della specie (misura 323 prevista nel PSR 2007-2013 e 4.4 della programmazione 2014-2020).
Nel 2008 è stato avviato, da parte dell’Ufficio Caccia e pesca in collaborazione con l’associazione cacciatori Alto Adige, un programma di monitoraggio annuale del fagiano di monte, della pernice bianca e della coturnice (http://www.provincia.bz.it/agricoltura-foreste/fauna-caccia-pesca/fauna/galliformi-alpini.asp). Questo per adeguarsi agli obblighi previsti alle direttive comunitarie che consentono il prelievo venatorio dei galliformi alpini solo se il prelievo è “sostenibile”, ovvero se non comprometta la sopravvivenza dei popolamenti.
La Ripartizione prevede per l’anno 2019 di dare un incarico per la redazione di uno schema di monitoraggio pluriennale relativo alle specie di Uccelli viventi in Alto Adige elencate nell’Allegato I della Direttiva 147/2009/CE, concernente la conservazione degli uccelli selvatici.
Regione Campania
Alla data del 31/10/2018 sono in corso di pubblicazione sul BURC
Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Le misure di conservazione sito specifiche o individuate con i Piani di Gestione riguardano anche le azioni di Monitoraggio alle quali, quando possibile, viene attribuita una scala di priorità:
http://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/ambiente-territorio/tutela-ambiente-gestione-risorse-naturali/FOGLIA203/FOGLIA1/  
Regione Lazio
Nel corso del periodo 2013-2018 la Regione Lazio ha proseguito a svolgere le attività ricorrenti sul monitoraggio dello stato di conservazione delle specie, ai sensi dell’art.12 della Direttiva 2009/147/CE. In particolare, la Regione ha predisposto alcune reti regionali di monitoraggio (2013-2014) su: Rapaci rupicoli di interesse comunitario (Aquila crysaetos, Falco biarmicus e Falco peregrinus) e Coturnice (Alectoris graeca). Inoltre, è continuato nel 2012 e 2017 il monitoraggio delle colonie di aironi, costituite nella Regione, per lo più da specie di interesse elencate nell’allegato 1: Ardea purpurea, Egretta garzetta, Nycticorax nycticorax e Ardeola ralloides. È stata inoltre assicurata la partecipazione dei tecnici regionali e del personale di sorveglianza (guardiaparco) alle attività di censimento di metà inverno (International Waterbirds Census) nelle zone umide regionali e alle attività di rilevamento per gli aggiornamenti degli atlanti nazionali delle specie nidificanti (2010-2015), dati confluiti nel nuovo atlante europeo EBBA2 2013-2017, e delle specie invernali (2009-15) attraverso l’utilizzo della piattaforma ornitologica Ornitho.it. 
Regione Lombardia
Viene svolto annualmente il monitoraggio dell'avifauna nidificante in Lombardia:
http://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioPubblicazione/servizi-e-informazioni/Cittadini/agricoltura/fauna-selvatica-e-caccia/monitoraggio-avifauna-nidificante-2016
ed il Censimento delle popolazioni di uccelli acquatici svernanti – IWC: http://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioPubblicazione/servizi-e-informazioni/Cittadini/agricoltura/fauna-selvatica-e-caccia/censimento-annuale-uccelli-acquatici-2016 
Regione Piemonte
In corso di elaborazione
Provincia Autonoma di Trento:
Linee guida provinciali per l’attuazione dei monitoraggi nei siti trentini della rete Natura 2000
(http://www.lifeten.tn.it/actions/preliminary_actions/pagina5.html)
Regione Umbria
Prodotti progetto SUN LIFE Umbria: http://www.life-sun.eu/index.php/prodotti/","A livello Nazionale:
-	Attuazione del Piano d’Azione nazionale per il contrasto degli illeciti contro gli uccelli selvatici (Piano d’azione di Tunisi). Redazione del primo Rapporto nazionale (maggio 2018) sullo stato di attuazione delle azioni contenute nel Piano, sulle azioni condotte in Italia per contrastare gli illeciti contro la fauna, sulle altre attività intraprese per favorire il contrasto degli illeciti contro gli uccelli selvatici. 

-	Nel contesto di una verifica europea delle decadi di inizio della migrazione prenuziale e del termine della dipendenza dei piccoli, finalizzato a garantire un quadro coerente di conservazione e gestione delle specie (articolo 7 comma 4 della Direttiva Uccelli), è stata avviata la verifica delle decadi già indicate dall’Italia e il confronto con gli altri Paesi.

A livello regionale
Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano
Legge provinciale 17 luglio 1987, n. 14 (Norme per la protezione della fauna selvatica e per l'esercizio della caccia) (http://lexbrowser.provinz.bz.it/doc/it/lp-1987-14/legge_provinciale_17_luglio_1987_n_14.aspx)
Legge provinciale 12 maggio 2010, n. 6 (Legge di tutela della natura e altre disposizioni) (http://lexbrowser.provinz.bz.it/doc/it/lp-2010-6/legge_provinciale_12_maggio_2010_n_6.aspx)
Regione Campania
Alla data del 31/10/2018 sono in corso di pubblicazione sul sito istituzionale della Regione
Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia
http://www.regione.fvg.it/rafvg/cms/RAFVG/ambiente-territorio/tutela-ambiente-gestione-risorse-naturali/FOGLIA203/FOGLIA1/
Marche
sezioni 3.4 e 3.5, Piani di gestione e misure di conservazione: http://www.regione.marche.it/natura2000/pagina_basebe47.html?id=1528  
Regione Piemonte
http://www.regione.piemonte.it/parchi/cms/dati-territoriali-new/aree-protette-e-rn2000/pianificazione-e-norme.html 
Regione Toscana
http://www.regione.toscana.it/-/siti-natura-2000-misure-di-conservazione-e-piani-di-gestione
Provincia Autonoma di Trento
http://www.areeprotette.provincia.tn.it/rete_ecologica_europea_Natura_2000/specie_animali_natura_2000/011-405.html","A livello nazionale 
DM dell’8 agosto 2014 “Abrogazione del decreto 19 giugno 2009 e contestuale pubblicazione dell’Elenco delle Zone di Protezione Speciale (ZPS) nel sito internet del Ministero dell’ambiente e della tutela del territorio e del mare”. (https://www.minambiente.it/sites/default/files/archivio/normativa/dm_08_08_2014.pdf)

A livello regionale
Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano:
http://www.provincia.bz.it/agricoltura-foreste/fauna-caccia-pesca/caccia/riferimenti-legislativi.asp
http://www.provincia.bz.it/natura-ambiente/natura-territorio/natura2000/basi-normative.asp
Regione Campania
L.R. n. 26/2012 “Norme per la protezione della fauna selvatica e disciplina dell'attività venatoria in Campania” (http://www.sito.regione.campania.it/leggi_regionali2012/lr26_2012.htm)
Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Legge regionale 9 agosto 2012, n. 15: Disposizioni per l'adempimento degli obblighi della Regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia derivanti dall'appartenenza dell'Italia alle Comunità europee. Attuazione della direttiva 2006/123/CE relativa ai servizi nel mercato interno e adeguamento alla direttiva 2009/147/CE concernente la conservazione degli uccelli selvatici e alla direttiva 92/43/CEE relativa alla conservazione degli habitat naturali e seminaturali e della flora e della fauna selvatiche. Modifiche a leggi regionali in materia di attività commerciali, di somministrazione di alimenti e bevande e di gestione faunistico-venatoria (Legge comunitaria 2010). (http://lexview-int.regione.fvg.it/FontiNormative/xml/IndiceLex.aspx?anno=2012&legge=15&lista=1) 
Legge regionale 6 agosto 2013, n. 7: Modifiche alle leggi regionali 14/2007, 6/2008 e 15/2012 in materia di gestione faunistico-venatoria. (http://lexview-int.regione.fvg.it/FontiNormative/xml/IndiceLex.aspx?anno=2013&legge=7&lista=1) 
Regione Marche
http://www.regione.marche.it/natura2000/pagina_basebe47.html?id=1528
Regione Piemonte
http://www.regione.piemonte.it/parchi/cms/normativa.html 
Regione Toscana
http://www.regione.toscana.it/-/la-principale-normativa-regionale
Provincia Autonoma di Trento
http://www.areeprotette.provincia.tn.it/normativa/normativa_provinciale/ 
Regione Umbria
Le informazioni sono disponibili nell’area tematica del sito ufficiale della Regione Umbria: http://www.biodiversita.regione.umbria.it/Mediacenter/FE/CategoriaMedia.aspx?idc=8&explicit=SI",613,44133,41065,72,3068,14-12-2017,305,35,279,55,Progetto Atlante Italiano,2018,www.ornitho.it,National Red list of birds,2013,"Rondinini, C., Battistoni, A., Peronace, V., Teofili, C. (compilatori). 2013.per il volume: Lista Rossa IUCN dei Vertebrati Italiani. Comitato Italiano IUCN e Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare, RomaURL/text"
LT,"     Per ataskaitini laikotarpi PAST tinklas Lietuvoje papildytas dvejomis jurinemis teritorijomis: PAST skaicius nuo 82 teritoriju išaugo iki 84 teritoriju. Aplinkos ministro isakymais patvirti tetervino (Tetrao tetrix), didžiosios kuolingos (Numenius arquata), didžiojo apuoko (Bubo bubo), mažojo erelio reksnio (Aquila pomarina) ir baltojo gandro (Ciconia ciconia) apsaugos planai.
     Nuo 2009 metu Lietuvos ornitologu draugija leidžia žurnala ""PAUKŠCIAI"". Tai leidinys apie paukšcius, ju apsauga, stebejimus. Žurnale taip pat publikuojami ""Metu paukšcio"" akcijos surenkamu duomenu rezultatai bei kasmetines žiemojanciu vandens paukšciu apskaitos rezultatai.
     2018 m. Vyriausybe atnaujino Valstybine aplinkos monitoringo programa. Ji reguliariai peržiurima kas 6 metus ir numato sisteminga rušiu ir buveiniu apsaugos bukles stebejima.
     Siekiant pagerinti surenkamu duomenu kokybe 2016 m. buvo atnaujintos Europos Bendrijos svarbos paukšciu, žinduoliu, žuvu, varliagyviu, ropliu, moliusku, ir augalu rušiu monitoringo metodikos. 2018 m. atnaujinta biologines ivairoves monitoringo duomenu baze ,,BIOMON2”.
     Ataskaitinio laikotarpio metu buvo vykdomi keli LIFE+ programos kofinansuojami moksliniu tyrimu projektai:
1. ""Baltuju gandru (Ciconia ciconia) apsauga Lietuvoje"" (LIFE07 NAT/LT/000531). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/01/2009 - 31/03/2013. Pagrindiniai pasiekti rezultatai: atlikus baltuju gandru lizdu inventorizacija ir užregistravus daugiau kaip 21000 gandralizdžiu, buvo parengtas baltojo gandro rušies apsaugos veiksmu planas, parengta rušiai svarbiu buveiniu identifikavimo metodika, sukurta GIS duomenu baze, pagamintos ir iškeltos ant elektros oro liniju atramu bei pastatu stogu naujo tipo platformos.
2. Mažojo erelio reksnio (Aquila pomarina) apsauga Lietuvos miškuose (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000235). Projekto laikotarpis:  01/11/2010 to 30/04/2015. Pagrindiniai pasiekti rezultatai: buvo parengtas pirmasis nacionalinis mažojo erelio reksnio rušiai Lietuvoje apsaugos planas; mažojo erelio reksnio apsaugai 2004–2005 m. buvo isteigtos šešios saugomos teritorijos, 2010 m. dar viena paskelbta rušies išsaugojimui svarbia teritorija; buvo sutvarkyta 80 blogos bukles lizdavieciu; aptiktos 225 mažuju ereliu reksniu poru 273 lizdavietes ir organizuota ju apsauga.
3. ""Juriniu buveiniu ir rušiu inventorizacija Natura 2000 tinklo pletrai Lietuvos ekonomineje zonoje Baltijos juroje"" (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000234). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/10/2010 - 31/01/2015. Pagrindiniai pasiekti rezultatai: dugno organizmu ivairoves inventorizacija ir Europos svarbos dugno buveiniu kartografavimas, atliktas teritoriju vertinimas „Natura 2000“ tinklo pletrai Lietuvos išskirtineje ekonomineje zonoje, isteigtos jurines saugomos teritorijos ir apibrežtos jose taikytinos gamtosaugines priemones.
4. ""Aplinkai palankaus ukininkavimo skatinimas siekiant užtikrinti nykstanciu agrarinio kraštovaizdžio paukšciu apsauga (Meldine nendrinuke)"" (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000233). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/09/2010 - 31/08/2015. Pagrindiniai pasiekti rezultatai: projekto metu Lietuvoje ir Latvijoje buvo skatinamas aplinkai palankus ukininkavimas, atkuriamos paukšciams tinkamos buveines ir visuomene, ypac ukininkai, raginama prisideti prie ju apsaugos.
5. ""Lietuvos pažeistu durpynu tvarkymas, igyvendinant Tyruliu paukšciu apsaugai svarbiu teritoriju (PAST) atkurimo darbus (Tyruliai – Life)"" (LIFE12 NAT/LT/001186). Projekto laikotarpis: 31/07/2013 - 30/11/2017. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: padidinti didžiuju baubliu (Botaurus stellaris), švygždu (Porzana porzana) ir pilkuju gerviu (Grus grus) tinkamu buveiniu plotus išeksploatuotose Tyruliu pelkes dalyse, atstatant pelkiniu ekosistemu atsikurimui palanku hidrologini režima, taip pat mažinant nendrynu ir sumedejusios augalijos plotus.
6. ""Aukštumalos aukštapelkes atkurimas Nemuno deltos regioniniame parke (LIFEAukstumala)"" (LIFE12 NAT/LT/000965). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/07/2013 - 30/06/2017. Pagrindiniai pasiekti rezultatai: pagerinta Aukštumalos aukštapelkes hidrologine bukle. Irengta daugiau nei 1000 skirtingos konstrukcijos plastikiniu, durpiniu ir mišriu užturu sulaikanciu vandeni aukštapelkeje. Taip pat iškirsta ir pašalinta daugiau nei 100 ha sumedejusios aukštapelkems nebudingos augalijos bei medžiu atžalu.
7. ""Paukšciu apsaugos priemoniu idiegimas Lietuvos aukštos itampos elektros energijos perdavimo tinkluose"" (LIFE13 BIO/LT/001303). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/06/2014 - 31/12/2018. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: pagerinti migruojanciu, žiemojanciu ir kai kuriu perinciu paukšciu rušiu išsaugojimo salygas, sumažinant aukštos itampos elektros energijos tiekimo liniju keliama neigiama poveiki ju populiacijoms, palaikyti pelesakaliu ir kitu sakalu rušiu perincias populiacijas, igyvendinant specialias, pagalbines apsaugos priemones.
8. ""Meldines nendrinukes apsauga formuojant jai tinkamu kertiniu buveiniu tinkla Lietuvoje (LIFEMagniDucatusAcrola)"" (LIFE15 NAT/LT/001024). Projekto laikotarpis: 07/07/2016 - 31/01/2023. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: atkurti nualintas meldines nendrinukes buveines Lietuvoje bei Baltarusijoje. Projekto metu planuojama perkelti Meldines nendrinukes iš stabilios ir gausios metapopuliacijos Baltarusijoje i Lietuvos teritorijas, kuriose populiacijos dydis yra kritinis arba ties išnykimo riba ir pati populiacija jau nepajegi atsikurti.
9. ""NATURA 2000 tinklo valdymo optimizavimas Lietuvoje (LIFE-IP PAF-NATURALIT)"" (LIFE16 IPE/LT/000016). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/01/2018 - 31/12/2027. „Natura 2000 tinklo valdymo optimizavimas Lietuvoje” yra pirmasis LIFE integruotas projektas, kurio pagrindinis tikslas prisideti prie bendru Europos sajungos siekiu, stabdant biologines ivairoves ir ekosistemu funkciju nykima bei siekiant jas kiek imanoma atkurti.
10. ""Suinteresuotu instituciju pajegumu pritaikymas gerinant upiniu ir mažuju žuvedru apsaugos bukle Lietuvoje (LIFE Terns)"" (LIFE17 NAT/LT/000545). Projekto laikotarpis: 01/07/2018 - 31/12/2022. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: pagerinti buveiniu kokybe bei tikslinems rušims butinas apsaugos salygas visose mažosios ir upines žuvedru apsaugai svarbiose teritorijose itraukiant suinteresuotas institucijas i šias veiklas bei išnaudojant ju pajegumus.
     Kiti svarbus vykdomi projektai:
1.  ""Paukšciu priegaudos statomuosiuose žveju tinkluose mažinimo sprendimai"". Projekto laikotarpis: 01/07/2017 - 31/10/2020. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: surasti sprendimus sumažinancius juros paukšciu priegauda statomuose tinkluose Lietuvos Baltijos juroje. Vienas iš projekto partneriu - Lietuvos ornitologu draugija.
2. ""Vejo energetikos pletra ir biologinei ivairovei svarbios teritorijos (VENBIS)"". Projekto laikotarpis: 02/2015 - 03/2017. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: identifikuoti biologines ivairoves apsaugai svarbias/jautrias ir konfliktines vejo energetikos (VE) pletros požiuriu teritorijas; parengti tokiu teritoriju apsaugos ir VE darnios pletros konfliktu valdymo priemones; pateikti rekomendacijas del VE pletros konfliktu mažinimo jautriose biologinei ivairovei teritorijose šalies ir vietos lygmenyse.
3. ""Darni vejo energetikos pletra vakaru Lietuvoje (DAVEP-VLIT)"". Projekto laikotarpis: 20/10/2014 - 30/11/2016. Pagrindiniai projekto tikslai: nustatyti konfliktines teritorijas, kurios pletojant vejo energijos gavybos pajegumus yra jautrios biologines ivairoves apsaugos pažiuriu; parengti rekomendacijas konfliktu valdymui išskirtose konfliktinese teritorijose.","     During the reporting period, two marine sites were added to the SPA network in Lithuania: the number of SPAs increased from 82 to 84. Comprehensive conservation plans for Tetrao tetrix, Numenius arquata, Bubo bubo, Aquila pomarina and Ciconia ciconia were approved by an Order of the Minister of Environment.
     Since 2009, the Lithuanian Ornithological Society publishes the magazine ""PAUKŠČIAI"". This is a publication about birds, their protection and observations. The magazine also publishes the results of the ""Bird of the Year"" campaign and the results of the annual wintering birds survey.
     In a year 2018 The Government has updated the National Environmental Monitoring Program. It is regularly reviewed every 6 years and provides for systematic monitoring of the conservation status of species and habitats.
     In order to improve the quality of the data collected, in 2016 the methodologies for monitoring bird, mammal, fish, amphibian, reptile, mollusc, and plant species of European Community interest were updated. In 2018, the biodiversity monitoring database ""BIOMON2"" was updated.
     Several projects co-financed by the LIFE + program are ongoing during reporting period:
1. ""White Stork Conservation - Conservation of White Storks (Ciconia ciconia) in Lithuania"" (LIFE07 NAT/LT/000531). Project dates: 01/01/2009 - 31/03/2013. Main results achieved: white stork nests inventory and registration of more than 21000 stork nests led to the development of: a species action plan; species habitat identification methodology;  GIS database; and new types of platforms for electric poles and building roofs were manufactured and raised.
2. ""Eagles in the forest - Conservation of the Lesser Spotted Eagle (Aquila pomarina) in Lithuanian Forests"" (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000235). Project dates: 01/11/2010 to 30/04/2015. Main results achieved: the first national protection plan for the Aquila pomarina in Lithuania was prepared; six protected areas were designated in 2004-2005 for the protection of the species, in 2010 another designated area for the conservation of the species was designated; 80 nesting sites in poor condition were repaired; 273 nesting sites of 225 Lesser Spotted Eagles were identified, their protection was organized.
3. ""DENOFLIT - Inventory of marine species and habitats for development of NATURA 2000 network in the offshore waters of Lithuania"" (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000234). Project dates: 01/10/2010 to 31/01/2015. Main results achieved: inventory of benthic organisms and mapping of habitats of European importance, assessment of territories for the development of Natura 2000 network in the exclusive economic zone of Lithuania, establishment of marine protected areas and defining nature protection measures in them.
4. ""Baltic Aquatic Warbler - Securing Sustainable Farming to Ensure Conservation of Globally Threated Bird Species in Agrarian Landscape"" (LIFE09 NAT/LT/000233). Project dates: 01/09/2010 to 31/08/2015. Main results achieved: The project promotes environmentally friendly farming in Lithuania and Latvia, restores bird friendly habitats and encourages the public, especially farmers, to contribute to their protection.
5. ""Tyruliai - Life - Demonstrative restoration of the Tyruliai bog as a part of the initiative of the re-wetting of Lithuanian peatlands"" (LIFE12 NAT/LT/001186). Project dates: 31/07/2013 to 30/11/2017. The main objective of the project is to ensure the favourable conservation status of Botaurus stellaris – listed on the Annex I of the Birds Directive – and the breeding bird species, Porzana porzana and migratory Grus grus. The target area is the Tyruliai bog, a State nature zoological-botanical reserve and a Natura 2000 site.
6. ""LIFEAukstumala - Restoration of raised bog of Aukštumala in Nemunas Delta Regional Park"" (LIFE12 NAT/LT/000965).
Project dates: 01/07/2013 to 30/06/2017. Main results achieved: Improved hydrological condition of Aukštumala raised bog. More than 1000 different types of plastic, peat and mixed dams that hold water in the raised bog were installed. More than 100 hectares of woody vegetation and tree offspring, which are not typical for raised bogs, were also cut and removed.
7. ""LIFE Birds on Electrogrid - Installation of the bird protection measures on the high voltage electricity transmission grid in Lithuania"" (LIFE13 BIO/LT/001303). Project dates: 01/06/2014 to 31/12/2018. The project aims to improve the conservation status of the migratory, wintering and some breeding bird species occurring in Lithuania, through a reduction in the negative impact of high voltage overhead electricity transmission lines on their populations. 
8. ""LIFEMagniDucatusAcrola - Stepping stones towards ensuring long-term favourable conservation status of Aquatic warbler in Lithuania"" (LIFE15 NAT/LT/001024). Project dates: 07/07/2016 to 31/01/2023. The project aims to restore degraded habitats of the aquatic warbler in Lithuania, as well as in parts of Belarus. 
9. ""PAF-NATURALIT - Optimizing the management of Natura 2000 network in Lithuania"" (LIFE16 IPE/LT/000016). Project dates: 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2027. One of the project aim is to improve the current Natura 2000 network management system in Lithuania, to ensure favourable conservation status of targeted habitats and species. 
10. ""LIFE Terns - Adjustment of key stakeholders' capacity for improvement of Common and Little terns conservation status in Lithuania"" (LIFE17 NAT/LT/000545). Project dates: 01/07/2018 to 31/12/2022. LIFE Terns' main objective is to improve the conservation status - to favourable - of the Sterna hirundo and Sternula albifrons breeding populations in Lithuania.
     Other important project are: 
1. ""Untangling the net: tackling bird bycatch in Baltic gillnet fisheries"". Project dates: 01/07/2017 - 31/10/2020. The main objectives of the project: to find solutions to reduce bycatch of seabirds by gillnet fisheries in the Lithuanian Baltic Sea. One of the project partners is the Lithuanian Ornithological Society.
2. ""Development of wind energy and territories important to biodiversity (VENBIS)"". Project dates: 02/2015 - 03/2017. The main objectives of the project: to identify the most valuable/sensitive areas for biodiversity and potential conflict areas for the wind energy (WE); to develop measures for protection of such territories and conflict management in the field of WE development; to prepare recommendations for conflicts management of WE development in the sensitive biodiversity areas on local and national level.
3. ""Sustainable Development of Wind Power in West Lithuania (DAVEP-VLIT)"". Project dates: 20/10/2014 - 30/11/2016. The main objectives of the project: identification of conflict zones that are both vulnerable to the development of wind power facilities and are requiring of biodiversity protection; preparation of conflict management recommendations.","https://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/saugomos-teritorijos-ir-krastovaizdis/natura-2000/pauksciu-direktyva
http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/saugomos-teritorijos-ir-krastovaizdis/natura-2000/kas-yra-natura-2000
http://www.natura2000info.lt/lt/apie-natura-2000/natura2000-tinklas/pauksciu-direktyvos-igyvendinimas.html","http://www.vstt.lt/VI/index.php#r/56
http://www.vstt.lt/VI/index.php#r/74
https://stk.am.lt/portal/
http://www.natura2000info.lt","Monitoringas vykdomas pagal Valstybines aplinkos monitoringo 2011-2017 ir 2018-2023 metu programas, kurias tvirtinta Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybe:
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.79124EE20A18
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/d6fdb4b0c89a11e8bf37fd1541d65f38","Requirements for species protection are described in the following legal acts:
Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Wild Fauna (2018): https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.08F2F39FF20B/asr;
Rules on the Use of Wild Animals: https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.41242A108C0A/asr;
Rules on Hunting in Lithuania (2019): https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/TAIS.104124/VVtpTpIFQC;
Rules on Trade in Wild Animals (2018): https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.1ED611C260D6/DfRsItPehD;
Law of the Republic of Lithuania on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Ratification (2001): https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.6AD75AF37DDE;
Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Hunting (2019): https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.A92E17FDCD13/XTJXOViXoS.","http://www.vstt.lt/VI/index.php#r/56
http://www.natura2000info.lt/lt/apie-natura-%202000/teises-aktai.html
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.F86F53DCDB04/asr
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/TAR.9532CF2EE580/asr
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/b7b0bdd0e59811e39ea8c7e1dfdc4b5c
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/2dfb45a03d6911e498a79e861091cd92
https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/8143e1e026d411e5bf92d6af3f6a2e8b
All legal texts transponding articles of the Directive to the National legal acts are being published in a ""Register of Legal Acts"": www.e-tar.lt.",84,6585.6,5651.1,4,934.5,01-03-2019,0,0,22,26.2,,,,"Del Lietuvos Respublikos saugomu gyvunu, augalu ir grybu rušiu sarašo patvirtinimo",2018,https://www.e-tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/b3ba7c70b5c811e88f64a5ecc703f89b
LU,"La présente période de rapportage (2013-2018) a été marquée par l’orientation de la politique de la protection de la nature et les mesures réalisées parallèlement à la phase d’élaboration, ayant abouti finalement dans l’adoption du deuxième Plan National concernant la Protection de la Nature (dit « PNPN2 »). Ce plan s’est fixé les objectifs stratégiques suivants : protéger et rétablir la biodiversité, ainsi que les services écosystémiques associés, diminuer les principales pressions et menaces s’exerçant sur la biodiversité au niveau national, communautaire et international, assurer le suivi de la mise en œuvre et le monitoring, assurer les moyens nécessaires à la mise en œuvre et à la sensibilisation de la population.

Une des mesures prioritaires est l’élaboration et surtout la mise en œuvre de différents plans d’action “espèce” et “habitat”. Les plans concernent en grande partie des habitats et espèces protégés par les deux directives « nature ». La mise en œuvre des différents plans d’action a eu des répercussions positives directes ou indirectes sur les éléments protégés du réseau Natura 2000. Les critères de sélection d’espèces et habitats pour lesquels des plans d’action ont été élaborés et mis en œuvre sont : 
- leur répartition géographique est assez large ; 
- leur conservation au niveau national nécessite une gestion concertée à grande échelle ;
- les mesures de protection zonales ne sont pas suffisantes pour leur conservation ;
- les mesures de conservation de ces espèces « parapluie » ou habitats-clés sont bénéfiques à la conservation de nombreuses autres espèces prioritaires.

Autre mesure prioritaire : la mise en œuvre conséquente du programme national de monitoring de la biodiversité. L’établissement d’un cadre scientifique et systématique de monitoring de la biodiversité au Luxembourg est une avancée majeure pour l’évaluation de l’état de la nature et les mesures de conservation et de gestion mises en œuvre afin de documenter l’évolution de l’état de conservation de la biodiversité à long terme. Outre le programme de « surveillance globale » initié en 2009, les programmes de « surveillance spécifique », ciblant notamment les espèces de la directive « Oiseaux » ont été initiés en 2010 pour la plupart les espèces. Ces programmes ont été élargis au fur et à mesure les années suivantes. Surtout au vu des informations récoltées dans le cadre du rapportage de 2013, des efforts ont été focalisés sur les espèces et groupes pour lesquels les informations étaient déficitaires.

La réalisation d’une cartographie des habitats et biotopes couvrant la totalité du territoire représente une mesure cruciale et complémentaire au monitoring des espèces. Afin de préciser et focaliser le régime de protection stricte des biotopes, habitats et habitats d’espèce, telle que prévue par la loi concernant la protection de la nature et des ressources naturelles, un inventaire en vue de la constitution d’un cadastre national de ces biotopes, à protéger et préserver prioritairement, a été réalisé, voire continué. Un tel cadastre national constitue également une base de planification importante pour des mesures de gestion dans l’intérêt de la conservation de ces biotopes et habitats ou encore pour la désignation de zones de protection d’intérêt national. Au niveau des milieux ouverts, ces inventaires ont eu lieu entre 2007 et 2012, et un suivi continu par échantillonnage a été entamé depuis 2016. Au niveau des milieux forestiers, ces inventaires ont débuté en 2014 et se termineront vraisemblablement en 2020.

Grâce aux résultats issus des différents programmes de monitoring, pour les habitats et espèces d’intérêt communautaire, ainsi que pour ceux d’intérêt national dotés d’un plan d’action « Habitat » ou « Espèce », les valeurs de référence favorable ont été déterminées, afin de quantifier et cibler les mesures nécessaires à leur maintien, voire à leur amélioration ou restauration. Cette analyse était cruciale afin de déterminer l’envergure des restaurations (créations et/ou améliorations) à réaliser au niveau national, sur la totalité du territoire, à moyen et à long terme. Elle permettait également de décliner une partie de ces objectifs de restauration et d’amélioration à réaliser au niveau national, vers le réseau de zones protégées, afin de déterminer la contribution de l’ensemble du réseau des zones protégées, ainsi que la contribution individuelle de chaque zone du réseau à l’atteinte de ces objectifs. Les objectifs de conservation quantifiés, ainsi déterminés ont été intégrés dans les plans de gestion respectifs des différentes zones protégées.

La désignation du réseau Natura 2000 au Luxembourg est considérée comme accomplie. En 2015, le réseau a pu être élargi par la désignation de 6 zones de protection spéciale (ZPS) supplémentaires, couvrant 270,28 km2, donc 9% supplémentaires du territoire.  En décembre 2018, des plans de gestion avaient été publiés pour les 18 ZPS intégrant des objectifs de conservation spécifiques par site, tant pour les espèces que pour les habitats. Presque tous les plans de gestion antérieurs ont été mis à jour (""nouvelle génération de plans de gestion"") et publiés ces dernières années, en particulier entre 2016 et la fin de 2018.

Au Luxembourg, l’approche mixte des trois types de mesures sera poursuivie pour les plans de gestion : 
- approche contractuelle, dédommageant les propriétaires et exploitants privés pour la participation à des programmes de gestion extensive, ou finançant des projets réalisés par des acteurs œuvrant dans le domaine de la conservation de la nature ; 
- approche administrative par l’achat et/ou la gestion de terrains à haute valeur écologique, respectivement par la réalisation de projets d’installation et/ou de restauration des éléments naturels ; 
- approche réglementaire par le classement de certaines zones ou parties de zones Natura 2000, réglementant ainsi l’exploitation des terres, sous forme de zone protégée d’intérêt national. 

Il y a lieu de préciser qu’en ce qui concerne l'approche contractuelle, les compensations financières pour les propriétaires fonciers et les gestionnaires pour leur implication dans les programmes de gestion basés sur l'utilisation extensive des terres ont été adaptées, voire augmentées. D’ailleurs les procédures de financement des projets d’installation et de restauration d’éléments naturels par des acteurs œuvrant dans le domaine de la conservation de la nature ont été allégées. A cette image, les achats de terrains à haute valeur écologique par les communes ont été fortement promus par la mise en place d’un cofinancement étatique attractif et l’allégement des procédures y relatives. Les objectifs de conservation des plans de gestion sont intégrés dans les différents outils de planification et de gestion des administrations concernées par la gestion de l’environnement naturel. Par rapport à l’approche juridique, à préciser qu’entre 2013 et 2018, 11 nouvelles zones protégées d’intérêt national (2921 ha) ont été aménagées dans des SPAs avec une réglementation ciblant la protection des objectifs de conservation des zones noyaux des sites respectifs, et au total 19 zones protégées d’intérêt national (4006 ha) ont été déclarées, apportant une protection pour de nombreuses espèces d'oiseaux.

La mise en œuvre des plans de gestion est assurée par l’État et les communes tout en comblant les lacunes au niveau de la planification et de la coordination avec d’autres acteurs, notamment les propriétaires et exploitants, ainsi que d’autres acteurs œuvrant dans le domaine de la protection de la nature. A cet effet, des échanges sont organisés au sein de 8 comités de pilotage, appelés COPIL, à instaurer par regroupement de plans de gestion, afin de promouvoir les bonnes pratiques et d’assurer la réalisation des mesures de conservation, tout en assurant une approche ascendante. Un responsable de site spécifique (« Animateur Natura 2000 ») a été ou sera mis en place par COPIL.
  
Depuis 2011, il a été décidé de faire évoluer les différentes applications informatiques existantes relatives à la gestion des milieux naturels vers une application de gestion des espaces naturels commune et au sens large. Elle permet de gérer aussi bien les zones Natura 2000, que les zones protégées d’intérêt national, tout comme les sites non protégés mais présentant un intérêt écologique certain.

Des informations complémentaires quant à l’avancement dans le domaine de la protection de la nature et l’implémentation de la directive « Oiseaux » sont disponibles dans les rapports de l’ « Observatoire de l’environnement naturel » :
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/observatoire_environnement_naturel/rapports.htm","The current reporting period (2013-2018) was marked by the orientation of the nature protection policy and the measures carried out in parallel to the elaboration phase and leading finally to the adoption of the second National Plan concerning the Protection of Nature (called ""PNPN2""). The plan has the following strategic objectives: protect and restore biodiversity, as well as associated ecosystem services, reduce major pressures and threats to biodiversity at national, community and international levels, ensure the implementation and monitoring, ensure the necessary means for the implementation and awareness of the population.

One of the priority measures is not only the development, but especially the subsequent implementation of different ""species"" and ""habitat"" action plans. The plans largely concern habitats and species protected by the two “nature” directives. The implementation of the various action plans had a direct or indirect positive impact on the protected elements of the Natura 2000 network. Species and habitats for which action plans have been drawn up and implemented are selected based on the following criteria :
- their geographical distribution is quite broad;
- their conservation at a national level requires coordinated management on a large scale;
- zonal protection measures are not sufficient for their conservation; 
- conservation measures for these umbrella species or key habitats are beneficial for the conservation of many other priority species.

Another priority measure is the consistent implementation of the national biodiversity monitoring program. The establishment of a scientific and systematic framework for monitoring biodiversity in Luxembourg is a major step forward in the assessment of the state of nature as well as the conservation and management measures implemented, documenting the evolution of the state of conservation of biodiversity in the long term. In addition to the ""global survey"" program initiated in 2009, the ""specific survey"" programs, targeting particularly species of the ""Birds"" directive, were initiated in 2010 for most species. These programs were expanded in the following years. Given the information gathered during the 2013 reporting, efforts were focused on the species and groups for which the data and information was insufficient.

The mapping of habitats and biotopes covering the entire territory represents a crucial and complementary measure to the monitoring of species. In order to specify and focus the strict protection regime for biotopes, habitats and habitats of species, as dictated by the law on the protection of nature and natural resources, an inventory for the establishment of a national biotope registry, to be protected and preserved as a priority, has been realized and continued. Such a national inventory also provides important planning information for establishing management measures in the interest of the conservation of these biotopes and habitats or for the designation of protected areas of national interest. In the open landscapes, these inventories were carried out between 2007 and 2012, and continuous sampling monitoring has been under way since 2016. In the forested areas, these inventories started in 2014 and are likely to end in 2020.

Thanks to the results of the various monitoring programs, for habitats and species of Community interest, as well as for those of national interest foreseen by a Habitat or Species action plan, the favorable reference values have been determined, in order to quantify and pinpoint the measures necessary for their maintenance, and even their improvement or restoration. This analysis was crucial in order to determine the scope of restorations (creations and / or improvements) to be carried out at national level, over the whole territory, in the medium and long term. Furthermore, it was feasible to decline some of these restoration and improvement objectives to be achieved at the national level, to the network of protected areas, in order to determine the contribution of the entire network of protected areas, as well as the individual contribution of each site of the network to achieve the national objectives. Quantified conservation objectives, as identified, have been integrated into the respective management plans of the different protected areas.

Designation of the Natura 2000 network in Luxembourg is considered as completed. In 2015, the network could be enlarged by the designation of further 6 special protection areas (SPAs), covering 270,28 km2, corresponding to further 9% of the territory. By December 2018, management plans had been published for the 18 SPAs incorporating specific conservation objectives by site for both species and habitats. Almost all previous management plans have been updated (""new generation of management plans"") and published in recent years, particularly between 2016 and the end of 2018.

In Luxembourg, the mixed approach of three types of measures will be pursued for management plans:
- contractual approach, compensating private owners and operators for participation in extensive management programs, or financing projects carried out by stakeholders acting in the realm of nature conservation;
- administrative approach through the purchase and/or management of land of high ecological value, respectively through the implementation of projects for installation and/or restoration of natural elements;
- regulatory approach by classifying certain sites or parts of Natura 2000 sites, thus also regulating land use, as protected areas of national interest.

It should be noted that in terms of the contractual approach, financial compensation for landowners and managers for their involvement in management programs based on extensive land use has been adapted and even increased. Moreover, the procedures for funding projects seeking to install or restore natural elements, executed by nature conservation stakeholders, have been facilitated. In the same sense, the purchase of land of high ecological value by communes has been strongly promoted by the establishment of attractive state co-financing and the alleviation of related procedures. The conservation objectives of management plans are integrated into various planning and management tools of the administrations concerned with the management of natural environment. Concerning the legal approach, it should be specified that between 2013 and 2018, 11 new protected areas of national interest (2921 ha) were developed in SPAs with a regulation targeting the protection of the conservation objectives of the core areas of these SPAs, and in total 19 protected areas of national interest (4006 ha) were designated, bringing further protection for many bird species.

Management plans are implemented by the state and municipalities while filling gaps in planning and coordination with other actors, including landowners and operators, as well as other stakeholders acting within nature conservation. To this end, exchanges are organized within 8 steering committees, called COPIL, to be set up by grouping management plans, in order to promote good practices and ensure the implementation of conservation measures, while ensuring an appropriate bottom-up approach. A specific site manager (""Animateur Natura 2000"") has been or will be set up for each COPIL.
  
Since 2011, it has been decided to upgrade the various existing IT applications relating to the management of natural environments towards a common and wider application of management of natural areas. It is possible to manage both Natura 2000 zones and protected areas of national interest, as well as unprotected sites having a certain ecological interest.

Further information on the progress of nature protection and the implementation of the ""Birds"" directive is available in the reports of the ""Observatoire de l’Emvironnement naturel"":
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/observatoire_environnement_naturel/rapports.html","1) 	General information: 
- 	in 2nd National Biodiversity Strategy (« Plan National concernant la Protection de la Nature ») :
https://environnement.public.lu/dam-assets/documents/natur/general/pnpn2.pdf
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_2_pnpn.html
- 	about network of protected areas:
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_3_zones_especes_proteges.html
- 	about species action plans and habitats action plans :
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/plan_d_action_especes_et_habitats.html
- 	legal protection of habitats and biotopes :
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_4_cadastre_biotopes.html
- 	about surface and groundwaters :
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/waasser.html
- 	about forests and management :
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/forets.html
2) 	Further information under « Publications »: 
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/publications.htm","1) 	Regulatio designating SPAs ""Règlement grand-ducal du 30 novembre 2012 portant désignation des zones de protection spéciale"": 
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/rgd/2012/11/30/n10/jo
2) 	National list o1 48 SAs and management plans: https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_3_zones_especes_proteges/natura_2000.html
3) 	Maps of Natura2000 in Luxembourg (and other environmental information): 
https://map.geoportail.lu/theme/emwelt?bgLayer=topo_bw_jpeg&version=3&zoom=10&X=702140&Y=6414752&lang=fr&layers=540&opacities=","1) Country-wide inventory of all protected biotopes and habitats in the open landscapes (2007-2012) & monitoring programme (initiated in 2016; ongoing):
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_4_cadastre_biotopes/cadastre_biotopes_milieux_ouverts.html
2) Country-wide survey of all protected biotopes and habitats within wooded areas (initiated in 2014 and to be finalised by 2020):
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_4_cadastre_biotopes/cadastre_biotopes_milieu_forestier.html
3) Species monitoring:
adapted an enlarged implementation of ""Titeux N., Moes M. & Hoffmann L. (2009) Élaboration d’un programme de surveillance et de monitoring de la biodiversité au Luxembourg. Ministère du Développement durable et des Infrastructures (Département de l’environnement) & Centre de Recherche Public – Gabriel Lippmann, Luxembourg.""
4) Inventories, analysis and/or studies to fill knowledge gaps concernin specific species or habitats","1) Law concerning the protection of nature and natural resources (in ""Loi du 18 juillet 2018 concernant la protection de la nature et des ressourcesn aturelles"")
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2018/07/18/a771/jo
2) Regulation of the strictily and partially protected animal species (in ""Règlement grand-ducal du 9 janvier 2009 concernant la protection intégrale et partielle de certaines espèces animales de la faune sauvage"", modified by ""Règlement grand-ducal du 15 mars 2016 portant modification du règlement grand-ducal du 9 janvier 2009 concernant la protection intégrale et partielle de certaines espèces animales de la faune sauvage""):
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/rgd/2009/01/09/n3/jo
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/rgd/2016/03/15/n4/jo
3) Regulation of the strictly and partially protected plant species (in ""Règlement grand-ducal du 8 janvier 2010 concernant la protection intégrale et partielle de certaines espèces de la flore sauvage""):
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/rgd/2010/01/08/n3/jo
4) Presentation of the protected species: 
https://environnement.public.lu/fr/natur/biodiversite/mesure_3_zones_especes_proteges/espeches_protegees.html","Law concerning the protection of nature and natural resources (in ""Loi du 18 juillet 2018 concernant la protection de la nature et des ressourcesn aturelles""):
http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2018/07/18/a771/jo",18,418.94,418.94,0,0,21-09-2015,5,25,18,100,,,,Die Rote Liste der Brutvögel Luxemburgs  2014,2015,https://www.luxnatur.lu/publi/wb30058065.pdf
LV,"Parskata perioda 15 Natura 2000 teritorijam, kuras ir dibinatas putnu aizsardzibai, ir izstradati vai atjaunoti dabas aizsardzibas plani.
Parskata perioda ir nodibinati 280 jauni mikroliegumi putnu sugu dzivotnu aizsardzibai.
2017. gada ir izstradats Mežirbes Bonasa bonasia sugas aizsardzibas plans. Izstrades stadija ir sugas aizsardzibas plans Mazajam erglim Clanga pomarina.
Kopš 2016. gada Dabas aizsardzibas parvalde isteno ES Kohezija fonda projektu ""Priekšnosacijumu izveide labakai biologiskas daudzveidibas saglabašanai un ekosistemu aizsardzibai Latvija"" (“Dabas skaitišana”), kura ietvaros izstrada un atjauno dabas aizsardzibas planus 12 Natura 2000 teritorijam, kas ir dibinatas putnu aizsardzibai, ka ari tiek izstradati divi sugu aizsardzibas plani:
1)	Sugu grupai “Puces” (ietver 6 sugas: apodzinš Glaucidium passerinum, bikšainais apogs Aegolius funereus, meža puce Strix aluco, uralpuce Strix uralensis, ausaina puce Asio otus, upis Bubo bubo);
2)	Sugu grupai “Dzeni” (ietver 7 sugas: baltmugurdzenis Dendrocopos leucotos, dižraibais dzenis Dendrocopos major, mazais dzenis Dryobates minor, videjais dzenis Leiopicus medius, melna dzilna Dryocopus martius, trispirkstu dzenis Picoides tridactylus, peleka dzilna Picus canus).  
2017. gada ir nosledzies LIFE projekts ""Natura 2000 teritoriju nacionala aizsardzibas un apsaimniekošanas programma"", kura ietvaros ir sagatavota visu Natura 2000 teritoriju, t.sk. to, kuras dibinatas putnu aizsardzibai, apsaimniekošanas programma lidz 2030. gadam. 
2013.-2018. gada ir ieviesta valsts biologiskas daudzveidibas monitoringa programma, kuras ietvaros ir tikušas istenotas 12 putnu monitoringa programmas:
1)	dienas putnu fona monitorings;
2)	nakts putnu fona monitorings lauksaimniecibas zemes;
3)	dienas un nakts plesigo putnu fona monitorings;
4)	piekraste ligzdojošo putnu monitorings;
5)	ligzdojošo putnu izplatibas noteikšana (ligzdojošo putnu atlants);
6)	ziemojošo udensputnu monitorings iekšzemes udenstilpes un piekraste;
7)	jura ziemojošo udensputnu avio uzskaites;
8)	migrejošo putnu monitorings;
9)	putnu monitorings Natura 2000 teritorijas;
10)	balta starka Ciconia ciconia monitorings;
11)	melna starka Ciconia nigra monitorings;
12)	maza ergla Clanga pomarina monitorings (tikai AS “Latvijas valsts meži” apsaimniekotajos mežos).
Papildus šim monitoringa programmam, AS “Latvijas valsts meži” ir veikusi specialo putnu sugu monitoringu AS “Latvijas valsts meži” apsaimniekotajos mežos: klinšu erglis Aquila chrysaetos, zivjerglis Pandion haliaeetus, juras erglis Haliaeetus albicilla, vistu vanags Accipiter gentilis, mednis Tetrao urogallus.
Parskata perioda ir istenoti 5 LIFE projekti:
1.	Ergli pari robežam (EAGLES). Projekta norises laiks: 01.07.2011. – 30.09.2013. Izpilditajs: Latvijas Dabas fonds. Norises vieta: Latvija un Igaunija.
2.	Griezes biotopu atjaunošana Natura 2000 teritorija Dvietes paliene (LIFE DVIETE). Projekta norises laiks: 01.10.2010. - 30.09.2015. Izpilditajs: Latvijas Dabas fonds. Norises vieta: Dabas parks un Natura 2000 teritorija “Dvietes paliene”.
3.	Liela dumpja biotopu atjaunošana divos piekrastes ezeros Latvija (LIFE COASTLAKE). Projekta norises laiks: 01.09.2013. – 30.04.2018. Izpilditajs: Latvijas Dabas fonds. Norises vietas: Dabas parks un Natura 2000 teritorija “Engures ezers” un dabas parks un Natura 2000 teritorija “Pape”.
4.	Ipaši aizsargajamu putnu sugu aizsardzibas stavokla uzlabošana Natura 2000 teritorija ”Adaži” (PUTNI ADAŽOS). Projekta norises laiks: 01.11.2013. - 31.08.2018. Izpilditajs: Valsts aizsardzibas militaro objektu un iepirkumu centrs. Norises vieta: Aizsargajamo ainavu apvidus un Natura 2000 teritorija “Adaži”.
5.	Maza ergla aizsardzibas nodrošinašana Latvija (LIFE AQPOM). Projekta norises laiks: 01.08.2016. – 30.09.2021. Izpilditajs: Latvijas Dabas fonds. Norises vietas: Dabas liegums un Natura 2000 teritorija “Lubana mitrajs” un dabas parks un Natura 2000 teritorija “Kuja” (barošanas vietu atjaunošana un apsaimniekošana), ka ari visa Latvijas teritorija (ligzdošanas vietu aizsardziba).","During the overview period in 15 of the Natura 2000 sites, which were founded for bird protection, nature management plans have been developed or restored.
During the overview period 280 new microreserves for bird habitat protection were founded.
In 2017 a Species Action Plan for Hazel Grouse (Bonasa bonasia) was developed. A species Action plan for Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina) is in the stage of development.
Since 2016 Nature Conservation Agency has been carrying out the European Union Cohesion Fund project ""Preconditions for better biodiversity preservation and ecosystem protection in Latvia"" (“Nature Census”) within which Nature management plans for 12 Natura 2000 sites, which were founded for bird protection, are being developed and restored alongside with two Species Action Plans:
- for the species group “Owls” (which includes six species: Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium passerinum), Tengmalm’s Owl (Aegolius funereus), Tawny Owl (Strix aluco), Ural Owl (Strix uralensis), Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo));
- for the species group “Woodpeckers” (which includes seven species: White-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos), Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dryobates minor), Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Leiopicus medius), Black Woodpecker (Dryocopus martius), Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus), Grey-headed Woodpecker (Picus canus)).
In 2017 The LIFE project ""National Conservation and Management Programme for Natura 2000 sites in Latvia"" concluded, within which the National Conservation and Management Programme for Natura 2000 sites in Latvia until 2030 was developed.
From 2013 to 2018 the programme for monitoring the country’s biodiversity was introduced, within which 12 bird monitoring programmes were realised:
1)	countrywide monitoring of the common birds;
2)	countrywide monitoring of the night active birds in farmland;
3)	background monitoring scheme for Birds of Prey and Owls;
4)	coastal breeding bird monitoring;
5)	breeding bird distribution (Breeding Bird Atlas);
1)	counts of wintering waterfowl at the seacoast and in the inland water bodies;
2)	avio counts of wintering waterfowl in the sea;
3)	monitoring of migratory birds;
4)	bird monitoring in Natura 2000 sites;
5)	monitoring of White Stork (Ciconia ciconia);
6)	monitoring of Black Stork (Ciconia nigra);
7)	monitoring of Lesser Spotted Eagle (Clanga pomarina) (only in forests managed by JSC “Latvia’s State Forests”).
In addition to these monitoring programmes, JSC “Latvia’s State Forests” has carried out special monitoring of bird species in forests managed by JSC “Latvia’s State Forests”: Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), Osprey (Pandion haliaeetus), White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus).
During the overview period five LIFE projects were realised:
1.	Eagles over borders (EAGLES). Project duration: 01.07.2011. – 30.09.2013. Project beneficiary: Latvian Fund for Nature. Project location: Latvia and Estonia.
2.	Restoration of Corncrake habitats in Dviete floodplain Natura 2000 site (LIFE DVIETE). Project duration: 01.10.2010. - 30.09.2015. Project beneficiary: Latvian Fund for Nature. Project location: nature park and Natura 2000 site “Dvietes paliene”.
3.	Restoration of Bittern habitats in two coastal lakes in Latvia (LIFE COASTLAKE). Project duration: 01.09.2013. – 30.04.2018. Project beneficiary: Latvian Fund for Nature. Project location: nature park and Natura 2000 site “Engures ezers”, and nature park and Natura 2000 site “Pape”.
4.	Improving of the conservation status of specially protected bird species in Natura 2000 site ""Adazi"" (PUTNI ĀDAŽOS). Project duration: 01.11.2013. − 31.08.2018. Project beneficiary: State Centre for Defense Military Objects and Procurement. Project location: Protected landscape area un Natura 2000 site “Ādaži”.
5.	Conservation arrangements for Lesser Spotted Eagle in Latvia (LIFE AQPOM). Project duration: 01.08.2016. – 30.09.2021. Project beneficiary: Latvian Fund for Nature. Project location: nature reserve and Natura 2000 site “Lubāna mitrājs”, and nature park and Natura 2000 site “Kuja” (feeding ground restoration and maintenance), as well as the entire territory of Latvia (protection of nesting grounds).",https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/LV/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32009L0147,"https://ozols.gov.lv/pub
https://www.daba.gov.lv/public/lat/iadt/","https://www.daba.gov.lv/public/lat/dati1/vides_monitoringa_programma/
https://www.daba.gov.lv/public/lat/dati1/valsts_monitoringa_dati/","https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/REP_nemed_sugas_2017-2018.doc.pdf
https://www.daba.gov.lv/public/lat/publikacijas/parskati_zinojumi/
https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/REP_nemed_sugu_iegusana_13-14.pdf","https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=3941
https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=155227
https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=12821
https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=253746
https://likumi.lv/doc.php?id=267976",98,10905,6648,5,4257,30-09-2018,58,38,58,38,"Unpublished data for European Breeding Bird Atlas (2013-2017); Expert: Andris Dekants, andris.dekants@lob.lv",,Dekants A. 2018. The collection and compilation of European breeding bird atlas data (2013–2017) has been completed (in Latvian). In: Putni daba 82 (2018/2): 4-7: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1emxT6crODFElbEExiTFTwnSa7o-J9Rx0/view; https://dabasdati.lv/lv/putnuatlants/statistika/,,,
NL,"Nieuwe Wet natuurbescherming
Op 1 januari 2017 is de nieuwe Wet Natuurbescherming in werking getreden. In deze wet is de decentralisatie van het natuurbeleid naar de provincies verankerd. Ook integreert de Wet natuurbescherming de uitvoeringsregelgeving van eerdere wetten. Door betere aansluiting op Europese regelgeving en het omgevingsrecht is vereenvoudiging nagestreefd.

Hernieuwde aanwijzing van Vogelrichtlijngebieden
Bij de aanwijzing van de Habitatrichtlijngebieden is ook de aanwijzing van de Vogelrichtlijn-gebieden geactualiseerd. De gebieden zijn tezamen met overlappende Habitatrichtlijngebieden onder de Natuurbeschermingswet 1998 aangewezen als Natura 2000-gebied. Daarbij zijn instandhoudingsdoelstellingen toegevoegd en is de begrenzing vaak aangepast. Aanpassing van de begrenzing betrof meestal uitbreiding ten gevolge van de gelijktrekking met overlappende Habitatrichtlijngebieden. Inmiddels zijn de laatste Vogelrichtlijngebieden definitief aangewezen. Er zijn er twee uitzondering, Krammer-Volkerak en Zoommeer. Hier is nog niet duidelijk in welke richting de ontwikkeling ingezet zal worden, verder richting verzoeting of terug richting een zout ecosysteem. Voor de gebieden in de EEZ moest eerst een wetwijziging doorgevoerd worden om de Natuurbeschermingswet ook op de Noordzee van kracht te maken. Dit is gebeurd in maart 2016, het mariene Vogelrichtlijngebied Friese Front is vervolgens in juni 2016 aangewezen. 
Er is in de rapportageperiode ook gewerkt aan het opstellen van beheerplannen voor de Natura 2000-gebieden. Deze beheerplannen zijn verplicht op grond van de Nederlandse wet. In de beheerplannen worden de instandhoudingsdoelstellingen uitgewerkt in omvang, ruimte en tijd en de daarvoor noodzakelijke maatregelen worden beschreven. Hierbij wordt zoveel mogelijk rekening gehouden met bestaand gebruik en maatschappelijke belangen in het gebied. Tijdens de rapportageperiode zijn voor 64 Vogelrichtlijngebieden beheerplannen definitief vastgesteld. 

Agrarisch Natuur en Landschapsbeheer
In de periode 2013-2018 laat de ontwikkeling van de vogelstand in Nederland zowel positieve als negatieve trends zien. Het gaat met name met de boerenlandvogels slecht. Om de achteruitgang van deze vogels te stoppen wordt met de provincies samengewerkt aan het programma Agrarisch Natuur- en Landschapsbeheer. In dit programma wordt het agrarische gebied ingedeeld in vier leefgebieden voor soorten: open grasland open akkerland, droge dooradering en natte dooradering met specifieke maatregelen voor de 68 doelsoorten, waaronder bijvoorbeeld de zomertortel en de soorten van het Multi Species Wader Actionplan.  Het stelsel voorziet in een landelijk collectieve aanpak: 40 agrarische collectieven stellen gezamenlijk een gebiedsplan op, waardoor er meer ruimtelijke samenhang in het beheer is en een efficiëntere uitvoering. Als eerste stap naar de doelstelling om te komen tot een duurzaam stabiele populatie van boerenlandvogels is €40 miljoen binnen het POP overgeheveld van Pijler 1 naar Pijler 2. Vorig jaar is hiervan al €22 miljoen ingezet voor extra beheersmaatregelen, aangevuld deze winter met de openstelling van een investeringsregeling van €9miljoen voor inrichtingsmaatregelen. De besteding van deze beheer- en inrichtingsgelden gebeurt grotendeels in het kader van nieuwe provinciale actieplannen en door LNV-gefinancierde optimalisatieplannen van agrarische collectieven. De laatste €9 miljoen is ingezet ten behoeve van zogenoemde GLB-pilots waarbij boerenlandvogels vaak als icoonsoort voor een toekomstbestendige landbouw dienen. Zo is er een pilotvoorstel dat met de kieviet als boegbeeld de verbinding wil leggen tussen akkerland en grasland, ook buiten gebieden die nu in aanmerking komen voor agrarisch natuurbeheer.

Programma Aanpak Stikstof (PAS) 
In Nederland is de depositie van stikstofverbindingen uit de lucht op veel plaatsen hoger dan de kritische depositiewaarde van aanwezige habitattypen. Dit is schadelijk voor de natuur, maar het belemmert ook vergunningverlening voor economische activiteiten. Om die reden is Nederland, in 2009 gestart met de voorbereiding van het Programma Aanpak Stikstof (PAS). Het PAS is op 1 juli 2015 in werking getreden. De ministeries en de provincies werken als PAS-partners samen met natuurorganisaties en ondernemers aan sterkere natuur, minder stikstof en ruimte voor economische ontwikkelingen. Het programma omvat bronmaatregelen om stikstofemissie omlaag te brengen en herstelmaatregelen om natuur bestendiger te maken tegen overbelasting van stikstof. Door de herstelmaatregelen en de daling van de stikstofdepositie door bestaand beleid en de extra bronmaatregelen ontstaat er ook ruimte voor nieuwe economische activiteiten. In het PAS zijn alle Natura 2000-gebieden opgenomen waar ten minste één stikstofgevoelig habitat (habitattype of leefgebied van een Habitat- of Vogelrichtlijnsoort) voorkomt dat te maken heeft met overbelasting door stikstof. Dit is het geval voor 118 van de 161 Natura 2000-gebieden. 
De Raad van State stelde in mei 2017 zogenoemde prejudiciële vragen over het PAS aan het Hof van Justitie in Luxemburg. Het Hof deed zijn uitspraak op 7 november jl. Het Europese Hof accepteert een systeem als dat van het PAS bij het toestaan van projecten. Projecten kunnen nog steeds een beroep doen op het PAS. Dat concluderen de ministeries van LNV, IenW en Defensie en de provincies na bestudering van de uitspraak van het Europese Hof van Justitie. Er blijven zware eisen gelden voor de onderbouwing van het PAS. Het is nu aan de Afdeling bestuursrechtspraak van de Raad van State om te beoordelen of het PAS aan deze eisen voldoet. 
In de afgelopen jaren is de natuurmonitoring en –rapportage voor het PAS goed van de grond gekomen. Primair is de monitoring gericht op de ligging, omvang en kwaliteit van habitattypen en de leefgebieden van stikstofgevoelige soorten; daarnaast vinden er ook gerichte veldbezoeken plaats van terreinbeheerders samen met provincies; wordt de voortgang van alle te nemen herstelmaatregelen centraal bijgehouden; en wordt de effectiviteit van al deze maatregelen ook nog eens gevolgd d.m.v. zogenaamde procesindicatoren – om te zien of het beoogde herstelproces in werking treedt. Daarnaast wordt gewerkt aan het actualiseren van de landelijke Herstelstrategieën, de documenten waarin is vastgelegd welke herstelmaatregelen per habitat- en leefgebiedtype het meest effectief zijn om de effecten van stikstofdepositie te mitigeren. 

Waddengebied
Gelet op de geconstateerde aanhoudende daling van broedvogelpopulaties in de gehele trilaterale Waddenzee, oa vanwege het geringe voortplantingssucces, is door de 3 Waddenzee-landen een Framework for an Action Plan for Breeding Birds ontwikkeld in 2016. Op basis hiervan heeft Nederland een Aktieplan Broedvogels Waddenzee opgesteld, met alle betrokken beheerders. Met een beoogd budget van ongeveer 50 M€ voor de komende 10 jaar wordt ingezet op verbetering kwaliteit en kwantiteit van de broedgebieden in de Waddenregio. De 3 Waddenzeelanden hebben tijdens hun laatste Regeringsconferentie (mei 2018, Leeuwarden) afgesproken binnen 4 jaar een evaluatie uit te voeren van het trilaterale actieplan broedvogels. . 

Nederland heeft in het kader van het Wadden Sea Flyway Initiative zorg gedragen voor de uitvoering van een integrale Flyway-telling en assessment langs de EAF in januari 2014, (Zie 6.4)  Gevolgd door reguliere jaarlijkse monitoring in enkele key-sites langs de EAF waar de Waddenzee mee is verbonden, is er in 2017 wederom een integrale telling uitgevoerd. Publicatie is voorzien april 2019.  

Monitoring 
De terrestrische monitoring van planten en dieren wordt geregeld in het Netwerk Ecologische Monitoring (NEM). De monitoring van het NEM is afgestemd op de benodigde informatie voor de rapportage voor de VR (alle vogelsoorten). Vogels worden daartoe gemonitord via gestandaardiseerde veldprotocollen voor het bepalen van trend en verspreidingsgegevens. De gegevens worden door duizenden vrijwilligers en professionals bijeengebracht. Het is hiermee een goed voorbeeld van ""Citizen Science"". Het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek (CBS) analyseert alle NEM-data en staat borg voor de kwaliteit van de trendschattingen. Voor de opslag van soortgegevens is de Nationale Databank Flora en Fauna (NDFF) ontwikkeld. Deze databank is ook voor andere partijen toegankelijk en bevat meer dan 100 miljoen waarnemingen. 
De provincies hebben verder in 2016 samen met SOVON Leefgebiedkaarten voor alle Vogelrichtlijnsoorten ontwikkeld met daarop aangegeven hun actueel en potentieel leefgebied plus de kwaliteit ervan. 

De Ministeries van LNV en I&W werken  samen aan een gezamenlijk monitoringprogramma ten behoeve van de Kaderrichtlijn Marien (KRM),  en hebben voor de dataontsluiting het ""Informatiehuis Marien"" ingesteld. De doelen van de KRM, en daarmee de monitoring en beoordeling, sluiten zoveel mogelijk aan bij die van de HR en VR. Het gaat hierbij om vogels, zeezoogdieren, vissen en macrozoöbenthos (mariene habitattypen). In oktober 2018 is voor het eerst gerapporteerd over de toestand van de Nederlandse Noordzee.

Grote/integrale projecten:
Tijdens de rapportageperiode hebben een aantal grote (LFE-)projecten gelopen:
•	LIFE IP Delta Wateren: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=6103 
•	LIFE hoogveen Grote Peel: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=4980 
•	LIFE Drents-Friese Wold: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=5090 
•	LIFE A Better LIFE for a Bittern
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=5048  
•	Markerwadden is een uniek project dat zorgt voor natuurherstel van het Markermeer door de aanleg van eilanden met zand, klei en slib uit het Markermeer: https://www.natuurmonumenten.nl/projecten/marker-wadden/projectbeschrijving
•	In het programma Ruimte voor de Rivier is sinds 2007 gewerkt aan het combineren van hoogwaterveiligheid door de afvoer- en bergingscapaciteit van de rivieren te vergroten en tegelijk waar mogelijk natuur en recreatie meer ruimte te geven. Ruimte voor de rivier betekende een breuk met het beleid in het verleden, het accent is verschoven van dijkverbetering naar rivierverruiming. In totaal zijn 34 maatregelen uitgevoerd. De eerste werken van het programma zijn in 2006 gestart en het laatste werk werd in maart 2019 opgeleverd. https://www.ruimtevoorderivier.nl/english/   

Integrale benadering voor kustverdediging en waterveiligheid: INTERREG programme ”Building with Nature”: natuur wordt ingezet om risico’s van klimaatverandering, zoals golfslag en zeespiegelstijging, het hoofd te bieden. Het wordt ook wel eco-engineering genoemd. https://www.rijkswaterstaat.nl/english/water/projects/building-with-nature/index.aspx",,http://www.natura2000.nl/,"http://www.synbiosys.alterra.nl/natura2000/gebiedendatabase.aspx?subj=n2k
(also, in the future, via www.natura2000.nl)

For Rijkswaterstaat related Natura 2000 sites: https://www.rwsnatura2000.nl/default.aspx",http://www.netwerkecologischemonitoring.nl/ (national monitoring on species),https://minez.nederlandsesoorten.nl/soorten,https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0037552/2018-07-01,77,13396,5555,4,7841,01-12-2018,74,0.78,74,0.78,Vogelatlas van Nederland,2018,https://www.vogelatlas.nl/,Basisrapport voor de Rode Lijst Vogels 2016 volgens Nederlandse en IUCN-criteria,2017,"https://www.sovon.nl/rodelijst 
https://www.sovon.nl/sites/default/files/doc/rap_2017-34_basisrapport-rode-lijst-2016.pdf"
SE,.,"Sweden has since 2013 designated four new SPA sites as well as increasing the area of two existing sites, increasing the network area with 1.3 million ha. Among the new sites, Norra Midsjöbanken is one of the most important wintering areas for Long-tailed duck, and the site is now the largest protected area in Sweden with 1 051 111 ha.

In 2017 an initiative on enhancing the status of wetlands was launched, focused on water regulation, biodiversity, eutrophication and climate change. Through actions focused on inter alia restoration and knowledge enhancement in N2000 sites, the initiative will have positive impacts on focus species in both directives. The initiative covers measures on both local and regional scale and combined, the efforts will likely have a positive impact on a national scale.

Several LIFE projects restoration efforts have shown positive effect on the species concerned, by focusing on both existing and newly developed restoration methods. SandLife focused on restoring and enhancing sandy areas by using well known methods, leading to an increase in both Tawny pipit and Nightjar. Life Coast Benefit focused on restoration of important habitats within the coastal N2000 network, as well as on predator control, and Life Vänern as well as Life Taiga have contributed to the conservation of areas important to both birds and other organisms. 

Since 2013 three new national species action plans have been introduced: Tawny pipit (Anthus campestris) 2015-2019; a multi-species plan for Black-Tailed Godwit (Limosa Limosa), Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) 2015-2019; Ortolan (Emberiza hortulana) 2017-2021. Furthermore, the SAP for White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos was extended until 2021. Actions and efforts taken within new and existing NSAP increase knowledge, as well as having direct impact through inter alia restoration of important habitats or restocking declining populations

Apart from the forestry sector contributing to the enhancement of th status of forest habitats and species by voluntary set-asides of productive forests, guidelines for application of the Swedish Species Protection Ordinance within the forestry sector has been developed. In the agricultural sector, the responsible national authorities developed a an action plan for biodiversity in the sector, including measures and actions.

Since 2012 17 new Ramsar sites were designated. Additionally, several of the already existing sites were extended.",http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/EU-och-internationellt/EUs-miljooarbete/Biologisk-mangfald-i-EU/EUs-naturvardsdirektiv/,"https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Var-natur/Skyddad-natur/Natura-2000/ 
http://skyddadnatur.naturvardsverket.se/","http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/Miljoarbete-i-Sverige/Miljoovervakning/Miljoovervakning/Programomrade-Landskap/Svensk-Fageltaxering/
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/Miljoarbete-i-Sverige/Miljoovervakning/Miljoovervakning/Programomrade-Landskap/Nationell-kustfagelovervakning/
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/Miljoarbete-i-Sverige/Miljoovervakning/Miljoovervakning/Programomrade-Landskap/Fagelrakning-Ottenby/
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/Miljoarbete-i-Sverige/Miljoovervakning/Miljoovervakning/Programomrade-Landskap/Fagelrakning-Falsterbo/
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Miljoarbete-i-samhallet/Miljoarbete-i-Sverige/Miljoovervakning/Miljoovervakning/Programomrade-Landskap/Sjofagelinventering/","http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Om-Naturvardsverket/Publikationer/ISBN/6500/978-91-620-6568-3/
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/Stod-i-miljoarbetet/Vagledningar/Artskydd/ 
http://www.swedishepa.se/Enjoying-nature/Animal-and-plants/Protected-species/
http://www.swedishepa.se/Guidance/Guidance/Species-Protection/Species-Protection","https://www.naturvardsverket.se/Stod-i-miljoarbetet/Rattsinformation/Direktiv/EU-register---forfattningar-inom-miljobalkens-omrade/Art--och-habitatdirektivet/
http://www.swedishepa.se/Guidance/Guidance/Species-Protection/Species-Protection-Ordinance/
http://swedishepa.se/About-us/Publikationer/ISBN/6700/978-91-620-6790-8/ (An introduction to the general Swedish legal system for environmental protection. ISBN 978-91-620-6790-8.)
http://www.naturvardsverket.se/978-91-620-0180-3",548,40883,26584,144,14299,07-03-2018,438,80,544,71,Svensk Fågelatlas,1999,"Svensson, S., Svensson, M. & Tjernberg, M. 1999. Sveriges Ornitologiska Förening. Stockholm.",Rödlistade arter i Sverige 2015 - The 2015 Red list of Swedish species,2015,"ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala. ISBN 978-91-87853-10-4. https://artfakta.se/artbestamning."
PL,"Dyrektywa ptasia zostala transponowana do prawodawstwa polskiego, zarówno w odniesieniu do sieci Natura 2000, ochrony gatunkowej, jak i procedury oceny oddzialywania na obszary Natura 2000. Regularnie zbierane sa populacyjne dane monitoringowe w ramach Panstwowego Monitoringu Srodowiska.
W 2017 r. na podstawie danych gromadzonych w ramach Monitoringu Ptaków Polskich do 2016 r. (w przypadku niektórych gatunków do 2017 r.)  dokonano oceny gatunków „ustepujacych” i „zwycieskich” w odniesieniu do populacji legowych i zimujacych (pozostale informacje zawarte w niniejszym raporcie obejmuja dane MPP do 2018 r.). 
Aktualna liste gatunków o niekorzystnym statusie ochronnym otwiera biegus zmienny Calidris alpina schinzii, który ma status gatunku wymarlego na terenie kraju. Zgodnie z klasyfikacja IUCN, do innych gatunków bliskich zagrozenia wyginieciem w Polsce naleza mewa siwa Larus canus i kraska Coracias garullus (kategoria trendu: silny spadek, kategoria IUCN:  EN). Pozostale gatunki  zagrozone to swiergotek polny Anthus campestris, czajka Vanellus vanellus, przepiórka Coturnix coturnix, swiergotek lakowy Anthus pratensis, dubelt Gallinago media (kategoria trendu: umiarkowany spadek, kategoria IUCN: VU) oraz blotniak lakowy Circus pygargus, gawron Corvus frugilegus i szczygiel Carduelis carduelis (kategoria trendu: umiarkowany spadek, kategoria IUCN: NT). Przy uwzglednieniu wartosci srednich indeksów liczebnosci gatunków legowych do gatunków „ustepujacych” nalezy zaliczyc równiez rybitwe czarna Chlidonias niger. Monitoring Ptaków Polskich nie obejmowal w latach 2000–2017 ocen indeksów liczebnosci gluszca Tetrao urogallus czy cietrzewia Lyrurus tetrix, dla których dostepne z innych zródel dane wskazuja na dramatyczne spadki liczebnosci krajowych populacji. Z kolei do kategorii ptaków „zwycieskich” nalezy zaliczyc 26 gatunków legowych. Liste gatunków o najwiekszych wzrostach (kategoria trendu: silny wzrost, kategoria wzrostu: Win H) otwiera rybitwa czubata Sterna sandvicensis, choc nalezy pamietac, iz calkowity areal wystepowania gatunku ograniczony jest do jednej kolonii. Silne wzrosty obserwowano u ptaków pólnocnych zwiazanych z klimatem borelanym jak labedz krzykliwy Cygnus cygnus i zuraw Grus grus. Kolejni „zwyciezcy” to przedstawiciele gatunków ptaków wodnych jak gegawa Anser anser, perkoz dwuczuby Podiceps cristatus, krzyzówka Anas platyrhynchos. Optymistyczna informacja jest obserwowany silny trend wzrostowy populacji legowej wodniczki  Acrocephalus paludicola, jednakze w tym wypadku do statusu gatunku nalezy podchodzic z duza ostroznoscia ze wzgledu na stosunkowo krótka, zaledwie szescioletnia serie pomiarowa oraz ograniczenie arealu gatunku do zaledwie kilku obszarów mokradlowych. Znaczaca wsród gatunków „zwycieskich” jest reprezentacja ptaków lesnych oraz gatunków zwiazanych ze skrajami lasów lub niewielkimi zadrzewieniami sródpolnymi oraz parkowymi, z czego najwieksze wzrosty osiagnely pleszka Phoenicurus phoenicurus i dzieciol zielony Picus viridis. Ostatnim gatunkiem u którego obserowowane sa silne wzrosty jest bazant Phasianus colchicus, co w duzej czesci jest pochodna sztucznych wsiedlen wykonywanych przez kola lowieckie. Gatunki o umiarkowanym wzroscie wskazników liczebnosci populacji legowej w Polsce (kategoria trendu: umiarkowany wzrost, kategoria wzrostu: Win L) to: siniak Columba oenas, zuraw Grus grus, kania ruda Milvus milvus, paszkot Turdus viscivorus, kretoglów Jynx torquilla, bielik Haliaeetus albicilla, mazurek Passer montanus, grzywacz Columba palumbus, kapturka Sylvia atricapilla, orzel przedni Aquila chrysaetos, slepowron Nycticorax nycticorax, trzciniak Acrocephalus arundinaceus, kopciuszek Phoenicurus ochruros, dudek Upupa epops , spiewak Turdus philomelos, zniczek Regulus ignicapilla, slowik rdzawy Luscinia megarhynchos.
Populacje ptaków zimujacych objete sa stosunkowo krótka, siedmioletnia seria pomiarowa, dlatego do uzyskanych wyników nalezy podchodzic  z ostroznoscia.  Stosujac ocene trendów oraz kryteria IUCN w odniesieniu do gatunków ptaków zimujacych najwieksze spadki liczebnosci zanotowaly alka Alca torda (kategoria  trendu: silny spadek, kategoria IUCN: EN), jednakze w tym wypadku silny trend spadkowy moze wynikac z wyjatkowo wysokiej liczebnosci w roku bazowym. Gatunkami wykazujacymi umiarkowany spadek populacji zimujacej sa: Mewa siwa Larus canus (kategoria trendu: umiarkowany spadek, kategoria IUCN: VU) i mewa srebrzysta sensu lato Larus argentatus sensu lato (kategoria trendu: umiarkowany spadek, kategoria IUCN: EN). Z kolei gatunki „zwycieskie” to kormoran czarny Phalacrocorax carbo i labedz niemy Cygnus olor, które w 7 letnim okresie badan podwoily swoja liczebnosc w okresie zimowania oraz gagol Bucephala clangula, którego populacja zimujaca wzrosla w tym samym czasie o 50% (kategoria trendu: silny wzrost, kategoria wzrostu Win H).

W celu poprawy sytuacji zagrozonych wyginieciem gatunków grzybów, roslin i zwierzat (w tym ptaków) Generalny Dyrektor Ochrony Srodowiska opracowuje programy ochrony takich gatunków. Krajowe programy zawieraja doglebna analize stanu populacji danego gatunku, identyfikacje zagrozen, a takze ocene dotychczasowych sposobów ochrony. Celem programów ochrony jest wypracowanie strategii dzialan zmierzajacych do odbudowy populacji zagrozonych gatunków, z podaniem sposobu wdrazania tych dzialan, jak i zródel finansowania. 
W odniesieniu do gatunków ptaków oficjalnie zostaly przyjete krajowe programy ochrony:
- blotniaka lakowego Circus pygargus – przyjety 20 sierpnia 2015 r.;
- orlika grubodziobego Clanga clanga – przyjety 20 sierpnia 2015 r.;
- orlika krzykliwego Clanga pomarina – przyjety 4 marca 2016 r.;
- dubelta Gallinago media – przyjety 2 marca 2017 r.;
- kulika wielkiego Numenius arquata – przyjety 18 grudnia 2018 r.  

Siec Natura 2000 w chwili obecnej pokrywa prawie 20% powierzchni ladowej i blisko ¼ powierzchni morskiej terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polski. Sklada sie na nia 145 obszarów specjalnej ochrony (obszarów ptasich) i 849 obszarów majacych znaczenie dla Wspólnoty, w sumie 987 obszarów Natura 2000 (7 obszarów ptasich i siedliskowych ma te same granice) (dane na marzec 2019). Na ladzie i morzu procent powierzchni zajmowany przez obszary Natura 2000 jest wyzszy do sredniej unijnej.
Bezposredni nadzór nad obszarami Natura 2000 pelnia: regionalni dyrektorzy ochrony srodowiska, dyrektorzy parków narodowych (w granicach parków narodowych) i dyrektorzy urzedów morskich (na wodach morskich).
Az polowa powierzchni obszarów Natura 2000 to lasy, w których w zdecydowanej wiekszosci prowadzona jest gospodarka lesna wykonywana przez PG Lasy Panstwowe. Odpowiednie prowadzenie tej gospodarki pozwala pogodzic zapotrzebowanie na surowiec drzewny z interesami ochrony przyrody. Z kolei 1/3 arealu obszarów Natura 2000 to grunty rolne. Rolnicy korzystajacy z programu rolno-srodowiskowo-klimatycznego, w tym z pakietów nakierowanych na poprawe lub utrzymanie jakosci siedlisk przyrodniczych i gatunków (w szczególnosci pakiet 4: Cenne siedliska i zagrozone gatunki ptaków na obszarach Natura 20000 oraz pakiet 5: Cenne siedliska poza obszarami Natura 2000) otrzymuja doplaty z racji wykonywania zabiegów sluzacych ochronie przyrody. 
W  okresie objetym raportowaniem ciezar dzialan w zakresie sieci Natura 2000 przesunal sie z fazy wyznaczania do fazy zarzadzania obszarami. Do konca 2018 roku sprawujacy nadzór nad obszarami Natura 2000 ustanowili dokumenty planistyczne dla 96 obszarów ptasich (66% wszystkich obszarów ptasich w Polsce). Kazdy z tych dokumentów opracowany zostal przy aktywnym udziale spolecznosci lokalnych. Docelowo do 2022 roku dla wszystkich obszarów Natura 2000 zostana opracowane i zatwierdzone plany zadan ochronnych lub plany ochrony stanowiace srodki, o których mowa w art. 6 Dyrektywy siedliskowej. Winny one pogodzic skuteczna ochrone siedlisk i gatunków z rozwojem spoleczno-gospodarczym polskiego spoleczenstwa.
Niewatpliwym sukcesem w omawianym okresie byl zakup i rozwój aplikacji internetowej pn.: ”System zarzadzania ochrona przyrody”. Jest to narzedzie umozliwiajace 16 regionalnym dyrekcjom ochrony srodowiska kontrolowanie wykonywania dzialan ochronnych na obszarach Natura 2000 oraz zbieranie informacji o kosztach realizacji tych dzialan. Centralny modul narzedzia umozliwia Generalnej Dyrekcji Ochrony Srodowiska generowanie róznego rodzaju raportów z poszczególnych regionów w odniesieniu do obszarów Natura 2000 i rezerwatów przyrody, do szczególowosci dzialania ochronnego w zawartego w dokumencie planistycznym. 

W ramach Programu LIFE, w omawianym okresie, prowadzonych bylo lub jest 29 projektów z komponentu LIFE Natura i Bioróznorodnosc, w tym projekty majace na celu ochrone siedlisk, zachowanie lub odtworzenie populacji ptaków takich jak orlik krzykliwy, orlik grubodzioby, gluszec, dubelt, bocian bialy, rybolów lub odtworzenie siedlisk gatunków (np. siedlisk ptaków wodno-blotnych w Dolinie Górnej Wisly). 
Od 2014 r. w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Infrastruktura i Srodowisko realizowane jest 258 projektów, glównie w ramach dzialania 2.4 Ochrona przyrody i edukacja ekologiczna oraz dzialania 2.5 Poprawa jakosci srodowiska miejskiego. 
Wsród ww. projektów wymienic mozna realizowane przez Generalna Dyrekcje Ochrony Srodowiska (GDOS). Uzyskaly one dofinasowanie w trybie pozakonkursowym jako projekty resortu srodowiska o charakterze strategicznym. Realizacja projektów w trybie pozakonkursowym przez GDOS – organ ochrony przyrody, który jest zobowiazany prawnie do koordynacji i nadzoru nad ochrona obszarów sieci Natura 2000 – zapewnia spójnosc realizacji oraz koordynacje zadan w ramach projektów przez jednego beneficjenta w celu osiagniecia zakladanych efektów przyrodniczych.
Dzialania w ramach projektów maja na celu równiez ochrone róznorodnosci biologicznej i powstrzymanie procesu jej utraty oraz wzmacnianie potencjalu rozwoju gospodarczego i spolecznego Polski poprzez zarzadzanie zasobami przyrodniczymi, ograniczanie presji gatunków inwazyjnych i konfliktowych oraz podnoszenie poziomu wiedzy spoleczenstwa na temat ochrony srodowiska i róznorodnosci biologicznej. Zadania te sa zgodne równiez z zalozeniami Strategii Róznorodnosci Biologicznej UE do 2020 r. oraz z Programem ochrony i zrównowazonego uzytkowania róznorodnosci biologicznej wraz z planem dzialan na lata 2015-2020.
W porównaniu do projektów realizowanych przez GDOS ze srodków perspektywy 2007-2013, w obecnej perspektywie nacisk zostal polozny na realizacje projektów merytorycznych majacych na celu uzupelnienie stanu wiedzy, wdrazania dokumentów zarzadczych czy realizacje pilotazowych dzialan w zakresie zwalczania gatunków inwazyjnych.
Oprócz realizacji dzialan merytorycznych w ramach przedmiotowych projektów zaplanowano równiez dzialania w obszarze komunikacji spolecznej, majace na celu podniesienie poziomu wiedzy spoleczenstwa w zakresie idei ochrony róznorodnosci biologicznej, sieci Natura 2000, celów jej tworzenia i obowiazujacych w niej zasad ochrony, a w efekcie do zwiekszania akceptacji dla tej formy ochrony i dzialan czynnych w ramach projektów.
Pierwszy z projektów to Opracowanie planów zadan ochronnych dla obszarów Natura 2000 (POIS.02.04.00-00-0193/16). Glównym celem projektu jest stworzenie podstaw do skutecznej ochrony dla 237 obszarów Natura 2000, polozonych na terenach 12 województw, poprzez opracowanie dla nich wysokiej jakosci planów zadan ochronnych, stanowiacych podstawe dla zachowania lub odtworzenia wlasciwego stanu ochrony przedmiotów ochrony, przy jednoczesnym stworzeniu warunków spolecznych umozliwiajacych i ulatwiajacych wdrozenie tych planów w zycie. Realizacja projektu jest kluczowa dla ukonczenia procesu ustanawiania dokumentów zarzadczych dla obszarów Natura 2000 w Polsce.
Drugim projektem jest Ochrona siedlisk i gatunków terenów nielesnych zaleznych od wód (POIS.02.04.00-00-0108/16). Celem projektu jest poprawa stanu zachowania siedlisk przyrodniczych objetych ochrona w ramach sieci Natura 2000 poprzez ukierunkowanie srodków i dzialan w skali calej Polski na wybrane typy siedlisk nielesnych, których stan zachowania zostal oceniony w dokumentach planistycznych na U1 – niewlasciwy lub U2 - zly. Realizacja zaplanowanych w ramach projektu dzialan z zakresu ochrony czynnej przyczyni sie do osiagniecia mierzalnego efektu ekologicznego – poprawa stanu ochrony – w sposób horyzontalny, tj. w skali calego kraju, a takze bezposrednio wplynie na poprawe stanu zachowania populacji gatunków chronionych w ramach sieci Natura 2000 zwiazanych z terenami otwartymi. Projekt realizuje zalozenia Priorytetowych Ram Dzialan dla sieci Natura 2000 na Wieloletni Program Finansowania UE w latach 2014-2020 (PAF), ukierunkowanych na ochrone siedlisk i gatunków terenów rolniczych i lesnych oraz siedlisk i gatunków terenów podmoklych, w tym torfowisk. W ramach projektu sa realizowane dzialania polegajace na odtwarzaniu siedlisk przyrodniczych oraz siedlisk gatunków w szczególnosci poprzez poprawe stosunków wodnych oraz usuwanie nalotu drzew i krzewów, inicjowanie procesów torfotwórczych, usuwanie gatunków ekspansywnych i obcych gatunków inwazyjnych.
Wszystkie zaplanowane w ramach projektu dzialania ochronne wynikaja z odpowiednich zapisów ustanowionych dla obszarów Natura 2000 planów zadan ochronnych.
Nalezy nadmienic, ze komplementarnym  do wyzej wymienionego jest Kompleksowy projekt ochrony gatunków i siedlisk przyrodniczych na obszarach zarzadzanych przez PGL Lasy Panstwowe. Celem projektu jest polepszenie lub przywrócenie wlasciwych warunków siedliskowych, zabezpieczenie ostoi wystepowania i miejsc rozrodu populacji zagrozonych gatunków oraz redukcja zagrozen, ograniczenie rozprzestrzeniania sie obcych gatunków inwazyjnych.
Zakres projektu obejmuje wykonywanie dzialan – najlepszych praktyk w ochronie gatunków i siedlisk, zgodnie z zapisami planów zadan ochronnych, planów ochrony oraz planów urzadzenia lasu sporzadzonych dla obszarów Natura 2000. Powyzszy projekt równiez realizuje zalozenia PAF 2014-2020. 
Kolejny projekt realizowany przez Generalna Dyrekcje Ochrony Srodowiska to Inwentaryzacja cennych siedlisk przyrodniczych kraju, gatunków wystepujacych w ich obrebie oraz stworzenie Banku Danych o Zasobach Przyrodniczych (POIS.02.04.00-00-0191/16).
Celem strategicznym projektu jest wyeliminowanie luki w procesie zarzadzania zasobami przyrodniczymi w kraju poprzez zlikwidowanie problemu braku pelnej informacji przyrodniczej oraz systemu gromadzenia, analizowania, udostepniania i biezacej aktualizacji przestrzennych danych przyrodniczych. W tym celu w pierwszej kolejnosci zostaly przeprowadzone inwentaryzacje przyrodnicze wykazane w uzupelnieniach stanu wiedzy w ustanowionych PZO, równolegle prowadzone sa dzialania w celu pozyskania danych przestrzennych od podmiotów, które realizowaly inwentaryzacje przyrodnicze na potrzeby wlasne badz innych podmiotów, takich jak gminy, instytuty naukowe, instytucje wspólpracujace z Generalna Dyrekcja Ochrony Srodowiska.
Pozyskane dane stanowic beda wklad do opracowanego w ramach projektu systemu informatycznego – Bank Danych o Zasobach Przyrodniczych. Zasób Banku stanowic bedzie aktualna informacja o lokalizacji cennych siedlisk przyrodniczych rozmieszczonych na terenie kraju oraz rzadkich gatunków w ich obrebie. Dostep do danych wynikowych projektu bedzie zapewniony poprzez sieci teleinformatyczne na bazie istniejacych i dobrze funkcjonujacych rozwiazan (geoserwis.gdos.gov.pl, uslugi WMS i WFS).
Dostep do danych bedzie powszechny i bezplatny nie tylko na terenie kraju, ale równiez poza granicami, tym samym projekt bedzie zgodny z jednym z glównych zalozen Dyrektywy INSPIRE. Projekt przewiduje równiez opracowanie i opublikowanie metodyk i instrukcji gromadzenia danych o charakterze przyrodniczym (inwentaryzacje, monitoringi, itd.) przy uzyciu nowoczesnych metod zdalnych (teledetekcyjnych). Umozliwi to GDOS i rdos pozyskanie i udostepnianie przestrzennych danych przyrodniczych ujednolicona metodyka, a tym samym zwiekszy porównywalnosc wyników badan.
Ostatni z ww. projektów to Opracowanie zasad kontroli i zwalczania inwazyjnych gatunków obcych wraz z przeprowadzeniem pilotazowych dzialan i edukacja spoleczna (POIS.02.04.00-00-0100/16).  
Celem projektu jest ochrona i przywrócenie róznorodnosci biologicznej oraz wzrost odpornosci rodzimych ekosystemów na presje inwazyjnych gatunków obcych poprzez okreslenie stopnia ich inwazyjnosci oraz weryfikacje skutecznosci metod eliminacji najbardziej inwazyjnych gatunków obcych na terenie kraju. Glówne dzialania koncentruja sie wokól wdrozenia zapisów Rozporzadzenia Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady (UE) nr 1143/2014 z dnia 22 pazdziernika 2014 r. w sprawie dzialan zapobiegawczych i zaradczych w odniesieniu do wprowadzania i rozprzestrzeniania inwazyjnych gatunków obcych. 
W pierwszym etapie projektu zostaly przygotowane dokumenty o charakterze strategicznym m.in. ""Analiza stopnia inwazyjnosci gatunków obcych w Polsce wraz ze wskazaniem gatunków istotnie zagrazajacych rodzimej florze i faunie oraz propozycja dzialan strategicznych w zakresie mozliwosci ich zwalczania oraz analiza dróg niezamierzonego wprowadzania lub rozprzestrzeniania sie inwazyjnych gatunków obcych wraz z opracowaniem planów dzialania dla dróg priorytetowych"", publikacja na temat metod zwalczania lub kontroli inwazyjnych gatunków obcych dla min. 10 gatunków, a nastepnie wdrozone zostana dzialania o charakterze pilotazowym polegajace na zwalczaniu gatunków w terenie na wybranych obszarach. Projekt posiada równiez komponent edukacyjno-informacyjny, m.in. dotarcie do spoleczenstwa poprzez prase, radio i telewizje z informacja o zagrozeniach zwiazanych z wprowadzeniem do srodowiska inwazyjnych gatunków obcych.","The Birds Directive was transposed into Polish law both for the Natura 2000 Network, species conservation and for the procedure of impact assessment on the Natura 2000 areas. Data on the population of birds is regularly collected as a part of the State Environmental Monitoring.
In 2017, based on data collected as part of the Monitoring of Birds of Poland until 2016 (for some species until 2017) ""disappearing"" and ""victorious"" species were assessed in relation to breeding and wintering populations (the rest of the data included this report incoporates data from Monitoring of Birds in Poland until 2018). 
The current list of species with unfavourable conservation status is opened by Dunlin Calidris alpina schinzii which has the status of an extinct species in the country. According to the IUCN classification, other species threatened by extinction in Poland include Common (Mew) Gull Larus canus and European Roller Coracias garullus (trend category: strong decline, IUCN category: EN). The remaining endangered species include Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris, Lapwing Vanellus vanellus, Quail Coturnix coturnix, Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis, Great Snipe Gallinago media (trend category: moderate decline, IUCN category: VU) and Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus, Rook Corvus frugilegus and Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis (trend category: moderate decline, IUCN category: NT). Taking into account the average values of the indices of the number of breeding species, "" disappearing"" species should also include the Black Tern Chlidonias niger. The Monitoring of Birds of Poland in 2000-2017 did not cover the indices of numbers of Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus or Black Grouse Lyrurus tetrix, for which data available from other sources indicates dramatic declines in the number of national populations. On the other hand, the category of ""victorious"" birds includes 26 breeding species. The list of species with the largest growth (trend category: strong growth, growth category: Win H) is opened by Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis, although it should be noted that the total area of occurrence of the species is limited to one colony. Strong growth was observed for northern birds associated with the boreal climate, such as the Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus, and the Common Crane Grus grus. Other ""winners"" are representatives of waterbird species, such as Greylag Goose Anser anser, Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus and Mallard Anas platyrhynchos. On the positive side, a strong upward trend in growth of breeding population of Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola is observed, but in this case the species status assessment should be approached with great caution due to the relatively short, only six-year long, monitoring series and the limitation of the species area to only a few wetland areas. Significant among the ""victorious"" species is the representation of forest birds and species associated with forest edges or small mid-field and park wooded areas of which the greatest growth was recorded for Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus and the European Green Woodpecker Picus viridis. The last species for which the strong growth is observed is the Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus which, in large part, is due to introductions carried out by hunting clubs. Species with moderate growth in the number of breeding population in Poland (trend category: moderate growth, growth category: Win L) are Stock Dove Columba oenas, Common Crane Grus grus, Red Kite Milvus milvus, Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus, Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla, White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla,  Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus, Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos, Black-crowned Night-heron Nycticorax nycticorax, Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus, Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros, Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops, Song Thrush Turdus philomelos, Common Firecrest Regulus ignicapilla, and Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos.
Populations of wintering birds are covered by a relatively short seven-year long monitoring series, therefore the results obtained should be treated with caution. Using the trend assessment and IUCN criteria for wintering birds species, the largest decreases in numbers were noted for Razorbill Alca torda (trend category: strong decline, IUCN category: EN), however in this case a strong downward trend may result from exceptionally high number in the base year. The species showing a moderate decrease in the wintering population are: Common Gull Larus canus (trend category: moderate decrease, IUCN category: VU) and European Herring Gull Larus argentatus sensu lato (trend category: moderate decline, IUCN category: EN). In turn the ""victorious"" species include Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo and the Mute Swan Cygnus olor, which in the 7-year research period doubled in numbers during the wintering period, and the Goldeneye Bucephala clangula whose wintering population increased by some 50% in the same period (trend category: strong growth, growth category: Win H).
To improve the condition of endangered species of fungi, plants, and animals (including birds) the General Director for Environmental Protection prepares conservation programmes for these species. The national programmes thoroughly analyse the condition of the population of the respective species and identify hazards and evaluate the former conservation methods. The programmes are aimed at working out strategies for the reconstruction of the populations of endangered species, including the manner to implement such actions and their sources of financing. In the context of birds, officially approved and valid national species action plans are:
1) The National conservation programme for Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus – adopted on 20 August 2015;
2) The National conservation programme for Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga – adopted on 20 August 2015;
3) The National conservation programme for Lesser Spotted Eagle Clanga pomarina – adopted on 4 March 2016;
4) The National conservation programme for Great Snipe Gallinago media – adopted on 2 March 2017;
5) The National conservation programme for Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata – adopted on 18 December 2018.
The Natura 2000 Network currently covers almost 20% of land areas and almost 1/4 of maritime areas within the territory of the Republic of Poland. It includes 145 special areas of conservation (bird areas) and 849 sites of Community importance, a total of 987 Natura 2000 areas (7 bird areas and habitat areas have the same borders) (data as of March 2019). The percentage of the Polish Natura 2000 areas is above the EU average both for land and maritime areas.
The Natura 2000 areas are directly supervised by: regional directors for environmental protection, directors of national parks (within the borders of the national parks) and directors of maritime offices (maritime waters).
Forests cover as much as a half of the Natura 2000 areas and the State Forest Holding - State Forests manages the vast majority of them. The correct forest management makes it possible to reconcile the demand for wood with the objectives of environmental protection. On the other hand, 1/3 of the Natura 2000 areas are agricultural areas. Farmers benefiting from the agri-environmental-climate action of the Rural Development Programme 2014-2020, including the packages aimed at improving or preserving high-quality natural habitats (in particular Package 4. Valuable habitats and endangered bird species in the Natura 2000 areas and Package 5. Valuable habitats outside of the Natura 2000 Network) receive subsidies for agricultural operations which contribute to the protection of the environment. 
During the reporting period, the focus of the activities carried out in the Natura 2000 Network shifted from delimitation to management of these areas. By the end of 2018, the authorities supervising the Natura 2000 areas prepared planning documents for 96 Special Protection Areas  (66% of all SPAs in Poland). Each of these documents was developed with active participation of local communities. By 2022, plans of conservation tasks or conservation plans, being measures in the meaning of Article 6 of the Habitats Directive, will be prepared and approved for all Natura 2000 areas. They should reconcile an effective conservation of habitats and species with the socio-economic development of the Polish society.
The Internet application “Environmental protection management system” was an undisputable success in the current reporting period.  It is a tool which allows the 16 regional directors for environmental protection to control the proces of carrying out the conservation actions in the Natura 2000 areas and to collect information about the costs of thereof. Its central module allows the General Directorate for Environmental Protection to generate various kinds of reports from specified regions for Natura 2000 areas and nature reserves, as detailed as a conservation action specified in the planning documents.
During the reporting period of the LIFE+ Programme, 29 projects have been performed under LIFE Nature and Biodiversity, including projects aimed at the conservation of habitats, maintenance or restoration of birds population including: Greater Spotted Eagle, Lesser Spotted Eagle, Capercaillie, Great Snipe, White Stork and Osprey, or restoration of species’ habitats (for example habitats of waterbirds in the Upper Vistula Valley.  
Since 2014, 258 projects have been performed under the Operational Programme Infrastructure and Environment, mainly under Action 2.4 Environmental Protection and Ecological Education and under Action 2.5 Improving the quality of urban environment. These project activities were also aimed at protecting biodiversity and preventing its loss and at strengthening the potential of the socio-economic development of Poland through the management of natural resources, reducing the pressure of invasive and conflictual species and at increasing the awareness of the society about the protection of the environment and biodiversity. The activities correspond to the assumptions of the “EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy” and of the “Programme for protecting and sustainable use of biodiversity including the action plan for the years 2015-2020”. The current financial perspective 2014-2020 places emphasis on the implementation of substantive projects to supplement knowledge, implement management documents or to carry out pilotage activities to combat invasive species.
Apart from substantive activities, the projects also envisage social communication actions which are aimed at increasing the awareness of the society about the idea of the biodiversity protection within the Natura 2000 Network, the objectives of its establishment and the valid conservation principles, and, in consequence, at increasing the acceptance of the conservation and project activities.
The first projects is entitled “The preparation of conservation tasks for the Natura 2000 areas” (POIS.02.04.00-00-0193/16). The main aim of the project is to create foundations for an effective conservation of 237 Natura 2000 areas in 12 voivodeships through the elaboration of high-quality plans of conservation tasks which will be a basis for protecting or restoring the correct conservation of habitats and species  in parallel to the creation of social conditions which allow and facilitate their implementation in practice. The implementation of the project is of key importance for the completion of the management documents for the Natura 2000 areas in Poland.
Another project is entitled “The conservation of habitats and species living in water-dependent non-forest areas” (POIS.02.04.00-00-0108/16). The aim of the project is to improve the condition of natural habitats in the Natura 2000 Network by focusing measures and activities on selected types of non-forest habitats across Poland, the preservation of which was assessed as inadequate (U1) or bad (U2) in the planning documents. The active conservation measures will contribute to the enhanced protection across the whole country, and will directly influence the improved conservation of protected species within the Natura 2000 Network in relation to open land. The project implements the assumptions of the “Priority Action Framework for the Natura 2000 Network under the EU Multiannual Financing Programme 2014-2020” (PAF) which are aimed at the conservation of habitats and species living in agricultural and forest areas and habitats and species living in wetlands, including peat bogs. actions to restore natural habitats and habitats of species, in particular by the project involves improving water conditions and removing wilding trees and bushes, initiating peatbog-forming processes, removing expansive species and invasive alien species. All the preservation activities planned under the project are based on appropriate provisions for the plans of conservation tasks in the Natura 2000 areas.
“The complex conservation of species and natural habitats in the areas managed by the State Forest Holding - State Forests” is a complementary action to the aforementioned one. The aim of the project is to improve or restore correct habitat conditions, secure refuges and reproduction sites for the populations of endangered species and to minimise threats, reduce the expansion of invasive alien species. The scope of the project includes activities - best practices in the conservation of species and habitats in accordance with the provisions of the plans of preservation tasks, conservation plans and forest management plans for the Natura 2000 areas. This project also implements the assumptions of the PAF 2014-2020.
The General Directorate for Environmental Protection also implements the project “Stocktaking of valuable habitats, species living in the habitats and establishing the Natural Resources Data Bank” (POIS.02.04.00-00-0191/16). The strategic aim of the project is to remove gaps in the management of national nature resources by solving the problem of incomplete information about nature and of the non-existence of a system to gather, analyse, make available and continuously actualise spatial nature data. In order to do do that, the first step involved conducting nature surveys in the supplementation to the knowledge in the plans of preservation tasks, which was accompanied by parallel activities to gain spatial data from the entities which carried out the nature surveys for their own purposes or for other entities, including municipalities, scientific institutes, institutions cooperating with the General Directorate for Environmental Protection. The gathered data will contribute to the information system produced under the project - the Natural Resources Data Bank. The Data Bank will gather current information on the location of valuable natural habitats across the country and on rare species living in there. The project outputs will be accessible through telecommunication and information networks based on existing and successful solutions (geoserwis.gdos.gov.pl, WMS and WFS). The data will be public and free not only within the country, but also in foreign countries, which implies that the project will be consistent with one of the main assumptions of the INSPIRE Directive. The project also envisages the formulation and publication of methodologies and instructions for gathering nature data (stocktaking, monitoring, etc.) with the use of modern remote methods (remote sensing). This will enable the General Directorate for Environmental Protection and regional directorates for environmental protection to gain and make available spatial natural data with the use of a standardised methodology, and will enhance the comparability of the results of studies.
The last but not least is the project “The formulation of the principles for controlling and combating invasive alien species, including pilotage actions and social education” (POIS.02.04.00-00-0100/16). The aim of the project is to preserve and restore biodiversity and to increase the resilience of native ecosystems to the pressure of invasive alien species through the establishment of the degree of their invasiveness and the verification of the efficiency of methods to eliminate the most invasive alien species across the country. Its main activities concentrate on the implementation of the provisions of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the preventive and remedial activities in terms of the introduction and distribution of invasive alien species. The first stage of the project involved the preparation of strategic documents, inter alia: “The analysis of the degree of invasiveness of alien species in Poland, including the identification of species which seriously endanger the native fauna and flora and the proposed strategic activities to combat them and the analysis of ways of the unintentional introduction or distribution of invasive alien species including the formulation of action plans for priority routes”, a publication on the methods for combating or controlling invasive alien species for a minimum of 10 species, which should be followed by pilotage activities to combat the species in selected areas. The project also involves an educational and information component which is aimed, inter alia, at informing the society through the press, radio and television about hazards involved in the introduction of invasive alien species to the natural environment.","http://natura2000.gdos.gov.pl/
http://www.gdos.gov.pl/o-sieci","http://natura2000.gdos.gov.pl
http://www.gdos.gov.pl/o-sieci
http://www.gdos.gov.pl/baza-danych",http://monitoringptakow.gios.gov.pl/,"http://www.gdos.gov.pl/ochrona-gatunkowa
http://www.gdos.gov.pl/igo","http://www.gdos.gov.pl/akty-prawne
http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20040920880
http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/download.xsp/WDU20180001789/O/D20181789.pdf
http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20170001416
http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20120000358
http://prawo.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20110250133
Informacje o ustanowionych planach zadan ochronnych dla obszarów Natura 2000 mozna uzyskac w Dziennikach Urzedowych danego województwa.
Information on implemented conservation task plans are available in the Official Journal of relevant Voivodeship.",145,55599,48090,9,7509,01-09-2018,96,47.19,96,47.19,"Atlas of Common Breeding Birds in Poland
Distribution, Habitat Preferences and Population Trend",2012,"http://monitoringptakow.gios.gov.pl/publikacje?file=files/pliki/publikacje/Atlas%20pospolitych%20ptakow%20legowych.pdf
Kuczynski L., Chylarecki P. 2012. Atlas pospolitych ptaków legowych Polski. Rozmieszczenie, wybiórczosc siedliskowa, trendy. GIOS, Warszawa.","Polish Red Data Book of Animals. Vertebrates.
Summary of the surveys conducted under the Monitoring of Birds of Poland for breeding, migrating and wintering populations of birds in 2016-2018.",2001,"Glowacinski Z. (red.) 2001. Polska Czerwona Ksiega Zwierzat. Kregowce. Pa´nstwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Les´ne, Warszawa."
PT,"++ Colmatação de insuficiências de designação de ZPE: 
CONTINENTE
- Em 2015 foram designadas duas novas ZPE (Cabo Raso e Aveiro/Nazaré, áreas exclusivamente marinhas) e foram alargados os limites das ZPE Cabo Espichel e Costa Sudoeste.
MADEIRA
- Em 2014 foi designada a Zona de Proteção Especial da Ponta de São Lourenço
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/images/Doc_Artigos/Legislacao/AreasProtegidas/pnm/zpe.pdf).
- Em 2015procedeu-se a uma redefinição dos limites da ZPE Laurissilva da Madeira, com acréscimo de 95 hectares na zona das Funduras https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/images/Doc_Artigos/Legislacao/AreasProtegidas/pnm/altrn2000maddez2015.pdf
++ Elaboração de documentos de carácter orientador aplicáveis às ZPE e gestão de espécies:
CONTINENTE
- Guia Técnico para o licenciamento e funcionamento de Campos de Alimentação para Aves Necrófagas em Portugal. Liga para a Protecção da Natureza. Lisboa 2014. LIFE Habitat Lince Abutre 
http://habitatlinceabutre.lpn.pt
- Manuais de boas práticas para as diferentes artes de pesca. Acção A.4. Projecto LIFE+ MarPro NAT/PT/00038 
www.marprolife.org/index.php/pt/progress/action-results#a4
- Código de boas práticas para a mitigação de interações das artes de pesca portuguesas com cetáceos e aves marinhas. Life + Marpro NAT/PT/00038 http://marprolife.org/uploads/documents/manual_de_boas_praticas/codigo_boas_praticas.pdf
- Plano de Ação para a Conservação das Aves Necrófagas (em processo legislativo)
- Proposta de plano de gestão para a área marinha abrangida pelas ZPE Aveiro/Nazaré, Cabo Raso, Cabo Espichel e Costa Sudoeste (ICNF, 2017)
- Proposta de plano de gestão da ZPE Ilhas Berlengas (ICNF, 2017)
AÇORES
- Plano de Ordenamento das Bacias Hidrográficas das Lagoas do Fogo, do Congro, de São Brás e da Serra Devassa, na ilha de São Miguel (Decreto Regulamentar nº 12/2013/A, de 30 de setembro) e o Plano de Ordenamento das Bacias Hidrográficas das Lagoas Branca, Negra, Funda, Comprida, Rasa, Lomba e Patas, na ilha das Flores (Decreto Regulamentar nº 6/2013/A, de 8 de julho). 
http://ot.azores.gov.pt/Instrumentos-de-Gestao-Territorial-Documento.aspx?id=53
http://ot.azores.gov.pt/Instrumentos-de-Gestao-Territorial-Documento.aspx?id=54
- Primeira alteração ao Plano de Ordenamento da Paisagem Protegida da Cultura da Vinha da Ilha do Pico (POPPVIP) (Decreto Regulamentar Regional n.º 7/2014/A, de 6 de maio), tendo sido mantidos os objetivos que presidiram à sua elaboração, continuando a serem salvaguardados os valores ambientais, de paisagem, de conservação da biodiversidade e de fomento ao desenvolvimento sustentável da ilha do Pico. 
http://ot.azores.gov.pt/Instrumentos-de-Gestao-Territorial-Documento.aspx?id=115
- Plano de Ação para a conservação das áreas terrestres do Parque Natural da Ilha de São Miguel (Portaria n.º 1080/2014 de 5 de setembro de 2014). 
http://www.azores.gov.pt/JO/Serie+II/2014/Série+II+Nº+171+de+5+de+Setembro+de+2014/Portaria+Nº+1080+de+2014.htm
- Código de Boas Práticas (CBP) para a Observação de Aves, produto resultante do Projeto Rede de Observação de Aves (ROA).
http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/projectos/2017/Junho/C%C3%B3digo+de+Boas+Pr%C3%A1ticas+para+a+Observa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Aves.htm?lang=pt&area=ct
- em 2016, inclusão das Fajãs de São Jorge na Rede Mundial de Reservas da Biosfera da UNESCO por decisão do Bureau do Conselho Internacional de Coordenação do Programa MAB (Homem e Biosfera).  
http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/livres/Reserva+da+Biosfera+das+Faj%C3%A3s+de+S%C3%A3o+Jorge.htm
- Plano de Gestão da Região Hidrográfica dos Açores (2016-2021) (Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 1-A/2017/A, de 6 de fevereiro). 
http://ot.azores.gov.pt/Instrumentos-de-Gestao-Territorial-Documento.aspx?id=135
- Regime jurídico de gestão dos recursos cinegéticos e do exercício da caça (Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 3/2018/A, de 22 de fevereiro), 
http://drrf-sraa.azores.gov.pt/areas/cinegetica/Paginas/Legislacao.aspx#3/2018
- Foi determinada a elaboração do Plano de Ação para a Conservação da Reserva Natural da Lagoa do Fogo, na Ilha de São Miguel (Resolução do Conselho do Governo n.º 82/2018, de 16 de julho), visando a conservação de habitats naturais e de espécies que ocorrem na área protegida.
https://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/legislacoes/2018/Setembro/Resolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+82-2018.htm?lang=pt&area=ct
- Regulamentos de acesso à Reserva Natural da Montanha do Pico, Ilha do Pico (Portaria n.º 29/2016, de 22 de março, revogada pela Portaria n.º 52/2018, de 23 de maio), ao interior da Caldeira do Faial, Ilha do Faial (Portaria n.º 68/2018, de 21 de junho), ao Vulcão dos Capelinhos, Ilha do Faial (Portaria n.º 67/2018, de 21 de junho), à área terrestre da Reserva Natural do Ilhéu da Praia, ilha Graciosa (Portaria n.º 65/2018, de 20 de junho) e ao Ilhéu de Vila Franca do Campo, ilha de São Miguel (Portaria n.º 66/2018, de 20 de junho), de circulação de veículos motorizados nos arruamentos da fajã da Caldeira de Santo Cristo e no troço do trilho PR1SJO entre as fajãs dos Cubres e da Caldeira de Santo Cristo, Ilha de São Jorge (Portaria n.º 59/2018, de 4 de junho). 
https://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/menus/principal/Legisla%C3%A7%C3%A3o/
- LIFE EuroSAP – Painho-de-Monteiro (2015-2018) - elaboração do Relatório de Situação (avaliação da situação atual) e do Plano de Ação para o painho-de-Monteiro. 
http://www.trackingactionplans.org/SAPTT/sapTimeline/1
- Aprovação do LIFE IP Azores Natura (LIFE17 IPE/PT/00010) em dezembro de 2018.
https://www.facebook.com/LIFEIPAZORESNATURA/
- Elaboração dos Planos de Gestão de todos os Parques Naturais de Ilha e do Parque Marinho dos Açores (em curso).
MADEIRA
- Revisão dos Planos de Ordenamento e Gestão das ZPE Ilhas Selvagens e Ilhas Desertas (2017) https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/images/Doc_Artigos/POG/ISerie08617pogidpogis.pdf
- Plano de Ação para a conservação do Fura-bardos (Accipiter nisus granti) 
http://life-furabardos.spea.pt/fotos/editor2/macaronesian_sparrowhawk_sap_fura_bardos.pdf
- No âmbito do Projeto LIFE “Ilhéus do Porto Santo” foram elaborados os seguintes Planos de Ação:
Plano de Ação para o pintainho Puffinus lherminieri baroli
Plano de Ação para o garajau-comum Sterna hirundo
Plano de Ação para o garajau-rosado Sterna dougallii
Plano de Ação para a cagarra Calonectris borealis
Plano de Ação para a alma-negra Bulweria bulwerii
Plano de Ação para o roque-de-castro Hydrobates castro
https://lifeportosanto.madeira.gov.pt/
++ Projectos dirigidos para aquisição de conhecimento e gestão de espécies:
CONTINENTE
-Projecto LIFE+ MarPro (2011-2015):
para aquisição de conhecimento sobre a interacção entre actividade da pesca e os valores marinhos e definição de sítios Rede Natura offshore na região continental 
http://marprolife.org/
-Projecto LIFE Natureza ’Promoção do Habitat do Lince-ibérico e do Abutre-preto no Sudeste de Portugal’ (2010 - 2014):
para a conservação do lince-ibérico, do abutre-preto e dos seus habitats no Sudeste de Portugal, beneficiando ainda um vasto conjunto de outras espécies características da paisagem Mediterrânica, contempla designadamente: promoção das populações de coelho-bravo por gestão de habitat; construção e reabilitação de ninhos artificiais para o abutre-preto; instalação de campos de alimentação para abutre-preto com acompanhamento veterinário; prevenção da perturbação das espécies. 
http://habitatlinceabutre.lpn.pt/
- Projecto LIFE Imperial - Conservação da Águia-imperial-ibérica (Aquila adalberti) em Portugal (2014-2018) (LIFE13/NAT/PT/001300):
para estabelecer as ferramentas base para assegurar o aumento da população de águia-imperial-ibérica em Portugal, e consequentemente, da população global, nomeadamente: melhoramento das condições de nidificação; promoção de gestão favorável para a conservação de águia-imperial ; controlo e vigilância de ameaças em ninhos; despiste de casos de envenenamento na natureza; alimentação suplementar em casais que requeiram um aporte suplementar de recursos tróficos; minimização do impacte de linhas elétricas. 
http://lifeimperial.lpn.pt/pt
- Projecto LIFE Rupis - Conservação do britango e da águia-perdigueira no vale do rio Douro (2015 – 2019) (LIFE14 NAT/PT/000855):
para implementar ações que visam reforçar as populações de britango e águia-perdigueira nesta região, através da redução da sua mortalidade e do aumento do seu sucesso reprodutor, designadamente: fiscalização de uso ilegal de venenos; correção de linhas eletricas; alimentação suplementar; compra de terrenos; fomento de espécies-presa;  promoção do pastoreio extensivo; elaboração de planos e guias de boas práticas. O abutre-preto e o milhafre-real são espécies que também irão beneficiar das ações do projeto.
http://www.rupis.pt/pt/
- Projecto LIFE Berlengas - Conservação de espécies e habitats ameaçados na ZPE Ilhas Berlengas através de gestão sustentável (2014-2018) (LIFE13/NAT/PT/000458):
para compreender as principais ameaças que afetam os valores naturais das Berlengas, em terra e no mar, e definir estratégias para as minimizar e erradicar. Contempla, designadamente: monitorizar a reprodução do airo, galheta, cagarra, roque-de-castro e gaivota-de-patas-amarelas; estudar a utilização do mar pelas aves para identificar áreas vitais na ZPE das Berlengas; construir ninhos artificiais para cagarra e roque-de-castro; testar novas técnicas de controlo da população de gaivotas-de-patas-amarelas e criar áreas de exclusão;  avaliar o impacto das pescas e diminuir a mortalidade de aves marinhas por interação com artes de pesca; acções de gestão da Zona de Proteção Especial das Berlengas
https://www.berlengas.eu/
- Projecto Rede de Infraestruturas Lineares com Soluções Ecológicas- LIFE-LINES (LIFE14 NAT/PT/001081): 
dirigido à avaliação e disseminação de práticas e ao desenvolvimento de infraestruturas verdes para permeabilização de infraestruturas lineares geradoras de fragmentação de habitats e ecossistemas e de mortalidade de espécies da fauna. Inclui o ensaio de dispositivos para dissuasão de poiso de avifauna em linhas de média tensão, com instalação de um protótipo específico de novas travessas para os postes de distribuição de linhas de média tensão que serão colocados junto a apoios de linhas preexistentes, e de protótipos mecânicos de rotação vertical. 
https://lifelines.uevora.pt/
- Life Capacity Building (LIFE14 CAP/PT/000004) - Portugal Capacity Building for better use of LIFE (2016 – 2018):
para melhorar a participação nacional no programa LIFE e aumentar o número e a qualidade dos projetos apresentados anualmente 
https://life.apambiente.pt/content/sobre-0
- Atlas das Aves Marinhas de Portugal (2014)
(http://www.atlasavesmarinhas.pt/publicacao/)
- III Atlas das Aves Nidificantes de Portugal: em curso. (http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/atlas-nidificantes/)
- Projecto “Revisão do Livro Vermelho das Aves de Portugal Continental”, POSEUR-15-2017-33 (2018-2021)
- Projecto ”MedAves Pesca – Medidas para a redução das capturas acidentais de aves marinhas em artes de pesca” (MAR-01.04.02-FEAMP-0023) (2018-2020). 
(http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/projetos/medaves-pesca/)
- Projecto “ConnectNatura – Reforço da Rede de Campos de Alimentação para Aves Necrófagas e Criação de Condições de Conectividade entre Áreas da Rede Natura 2000”
(https://www.connectnatura.pt/projecto)
- Compatibilização das linhas eléctricas EDP-Distribuição com a protecção da avifauna (Protocolos Avifauna) (http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/gestao-biodiv/prog-proj/impac-linh-avifaun)
-Projecto de re-introdução da águia-pesqueira Pandion haeliaetus em Portugal (2011-2018) (https://www.facebook.com/reintroducao.da.aguia.pesqueira.em.portugal/)
- Cartografia e avaliação piloto dos ecossistemas e dos serviços dos ecossistemas da região Alentejo
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/mase
AÇORES
- Censo do pombo-torcaz dos Açores, Columba palumbus azorica (2014 – 2018), Direção Regional do Ambiente.
- Estudo aprofundado da biologia reprodutiva do pombo-torcaz dos Açores e avaliação do seu impacto em terras de vinha, (2016-2018), Direção Regional do Ambiente. 
- Censo de pombo-das-rochas, rola-turca, melro-preto, estorninho-malhado e milhafre no Arquipélago dos Açores (2014 - 2018), Direção Regional do Ambiente.
- LIFE+ Laurissilva Sustentável (LIFE07 NAT/P/000630) (2009-2013) “Recuperação, conservação e gestão sustentável dos habitats prioritários na Serra da Tronqueira / Planalto dos Graminhais"":
com o principal objetivo de proteção dos habitats naturais existentes na Zona de Proteção Especial (ZPE) Pico da Vara/ Ribeira do Guilherme.
http://life-laurissilva.spea.pt/pt/
- LIFE+ Terras do Priolo (LIFE12 NAT/PT/000527) (2013-2018):
para contribuir para a gestão dos sítios da Rede Natura 2000 ZPE Pico da Vara/ Ribeira do Guilherme e SIC Serra da Tronqueira/Planalto dos Graminhais, através da implementação de medidas inovadoras de gestão e restauração da floresta Laurissilva, monitorização da biodiversidade (em que se destaca: Monitorização anual da evolução dos habitats intervencionados; Recrutamento de juvenis de priolo (Pyrrhula murina); Monitorização de Priolo (Pyrrhula murina); Monitorização da Ocorrência Invernal de Fernstripping; III Atlas do Priolo 2016), gestão do uso público, sensibilização das populações e promoção da sustentabilidade a longo prazo.
http://life-terrasdopriolo.spea.pt/pt/
http://centropriolo.spea.pt/pt/atlas-do-priolo/
- Criação do centro de reabilitação de Aves Selvagens do Pico (2015) e do Centro de reabilitação de aves selvagens de São Miguel (2016).
http://parquesnaturais.azores.gov.pt/pt/pico/o-que-visitar/centros-de-interpretacao/110-pni-pico/3000-centro-de-reabilitacao-de-aves-selvagens-do-pico-ceras
http://parquesnaturais.azores.gov.pt/pt/smiguel/o-que-visitar/centros-ambientais/102-pni-smiguel/2972-centro-de-reabilitacao-de-aves-selvagens-de-sao-miguel
- Promoção de cursos para Guias de Parques Naturais dos Açores, Guias de Montanha do Pico e Guias da Caldeira do Faial que, desde 2015, têm sido realizados anualmente.
- Formação em anilhagem de aves marinhas e Workshop de recuperação de Aves Selvagens dirigido a técnicos e Vigilantes da Natureza dos Parques Naturais e parceiros da Campanha SOS Cagarro.
- Gestão dos recursos cinegéticos no Arquipélago dos Açores, através da realização anual de censos, pela Direção de Serviços dos Recursos Florestais.
- Implementação do Plano de Ação Pós-Projeto LIFE ""Ilhas Santuário para as aves marinhas"" (2015-2016): trabalhos de conservação na ilha do Corvo, monitorização das colónias de aves marinhas e gestão das áreas de intervenção do projeto “Ilhas Santuário para as Aves Marinhas” LIFE07 NAT/P/000649 (2009-2012), Reserva Biológica do Corvo (RBC), Reserva Biológica de Altitude (RBA), educação e sensibilização ambiental. 
http://life-corvo.spea.pt/pt/
- Projeto painho-de-Monteiro (2014-2015): bases de implementação do plano de conservação para o painho-de-monteiro nos Açores.
http://www.spea.pt/fotos/editor2/ci_2014_07_03_painho_monteiro.pdf
http://parquesnaturais.azores.gov.pt/pt/graciosa/noticias/locais-graciosa/2449-painho-de-monteiro-e-alvo-de-projeto-de-conservacao
- Projeto LuMinAves (2017-2019) INTERREG MAC/4.6d/157 – Poluição luminosa e conservação nos arquipélagos da Macaronésia: redução dos efeitos nocivos da luz artificial nas populações de aves marinhas - censos populacionais nas principais colónias, êxito reprodutor, marcação e parâmetros demográficos e reprodutores, impacto de predadores; diminuir os impactos da poluição luminosa sobre os Procellariformes nidificantes nos Açores, Madeira e Canárias, melhoramento da rede de salvamento e recuperação de aves; mapas de sinistralidade, estratégia de prevenção da poluição luminosa.
http://www.luminaves.com/index.php/pt/
- Projeto MISTIC SEAS (2015 – 2017) (DG ENV; FEAMP): destina-se a conceber uma metodologia comum para a monitorização da biodiversidade marinha na sub-região da Macaronésia, e das populações de espécies marinhas de cetáceos, tartarugas e aves; estabelecer um roteiro comum para melhorar a coordenação na implementação da DQEM na sub-região da Macaronésia, em Portugal (Açores e Madeira) e Espanha (Canárias). Os resultados da monitorização nas principais colónias de aves marinhas dos Açores estão ainda a ser analisados e serão integrados no próximo Relatório.
http://frct.azores.gov.pt/project/mistic-seas/

- POPA – Programa de Observação para a Pesca dos Açores (desde 1998): assegura que as capturas de atum nos Açores não provocavam mortalidade ou molestação intencional de cetáceos, garantindo o estatuto “Dolphin safe” aos produtos e derivados da indústria atuneira dos Açores e o estatuto “Friend of the Sea” a esta pescaria. Constitui a maior base de dados da Europa sobre a pescaria de atum com salto e vara, que contém não só toda a informação necessária sobre a pescaria propriamente dita (espécies capturadas, quantidades, localização, etc.), mas também sobre espécies associadas (cetáceos, tartarugas e aves marinhas), variáveis abióticas (ex: temperatura) e lixo marinho. 
http://www.popaobserver.org/
- PEAMA, Plano Estratégico para o Ambiente Marinho dos Açores, ACORES-06-2215-FEDER-000005, implementação do 1º ciclo da DQEM e programas de monitorização e medida: proteção dos habitats naturais, fauna e flora com interesse comunitário, em particular áreas classificadas, incluindo Rede Natura. Sub-projeto “vigilância marítima em zonas remotas”: videovigilância, controlo e inspeção em áreas condicionadas de atividades que aí são praticadas: no Ilhéu de Baixo, Carapacho, Ilha Graciosa (ZPE). 
- Subprojecto Informação e sensibilização sobre o ambiente marinho do PEAMA: continuidade às campanhas de sensibilização ambiental marinha da Administração, incluindo serviços de divulgação (placas informativas em áreas Marinhas Protegidas Rede Natura 2000) e apoio a projetos de investigação, participação e envolvimento da sociedade, com componente de divulgação científica, sensibilização e educação ambiental marinha.
- Programas Parque Aberto e Parque Escola: programas anuais de atividades de sensibilização ambiental para público geral (Parque Aberto) e para público escolar (Parque Escola), promovidos pelos Parques Naturais de Ilha.
http://educarparaoambiente.azores.gov.pt/
- Campanha SOS Cagarro (1995-presente): coincide com a saída dos cagarros juvenis dos ninhos e envolve a população e entidades no seu salvamento. Organizada em 2 vertentes: Educação Ambiental e Conservação da Natureza. (http://www.azores.gov.pt/gra/dram-soscagarro)
MADEIRA
- Projeto LIFE “ECO Compatível – Comunicando para a sustentabilidade socioeconómica, usufruto humano e biodiversidade em Sítios da Rede Natura 2000 no arquipélago da Madeira” (2010-2014) https://lifeecocompativel.madeira.gov.pt/;
- Projeto LIFE “Ilhéus do Porto Santo - Travar a perda da biodiversidade europeia através da recuperação de habitats e espécies dos Ilhéus do Porto Santo e área marinha envolvente” (2010-2014) https://lifeportosanto.madeira.gov.pt/;
- Projeto LIFE “Maciço Montanhoso – Recuperação e Conservação de espécies e habitats do Maciço Montanhoso Central da Madeira” (2012-2017)
https://lifemm.madeira.gov.pt/;
- Projeto Atlas das Aves Nidificantes no Arquipélago da Madeira (2009-2013).
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/biodiversidade/projetos/atlas-das-aves-nidificantes-no-arquipelago-da-madeira.html
- Projeto LIFE RECOVER NATURA “Recuperação de espécies e habitats terrestres dos sítios da Rede Natura 2000 da Ponta de São Lourenço e Ilhas Desertas” (2013-2019)
https://liferecovernatura.madeira.gov.pt/;
- Projeto “Conservação do Fura-bardos e habitat de Laurissilva, na ilha da Madeira” - coordenado pela Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, em parceria com o Instituto das Florestas e Conservação da Natureza e Sociedad Española de Ornitología (2013-2017)
http://life-furabardos.spea.pt/pt/;
- Projeto Mac 2014-2020 LuminAves - Poluição Luminosa e Conservação nos Arquipélagos da Macaronésia- Redução dos efeitos Nocivos da Luz artificial sobre as Populações de Aves Marinhas (2017-2019)
 www.luminaves.com;
- MacaroAves – Desenvolvimento rural e turismo ornitológico (2014-2016)
http://macaroaves.blogspot.com/;
- PTDC/MAR-PRO/0929/2014- OCEANWEBS - Trophic links in open oceans: combining spatial data, dietary information and biomarkers from top predators to unveil structure and functioning of subtropical pelagic ecosystems (2016-2019)
https://ce3c.ciencias.ulisboa.pt/research/projects/ver.php?id=90 
++ Iniciativas para combinar a implementação da RN2000 com a economia local:
CONTINENTE
- Lançamento da marca Natural.PT em 2014. Os anos seguintes foram dedicados à sua promoção e à angariação de aderentes, tendo sido verificado um contínuo crescimento de produtos e serviços associados às Áreas Protegidas de Portugal continental. 
www.natural.pt
AÇORES
- Renovação da Carta Europeia de Turismo Sustentável nas Terras do Priolo. Pretende defender um turismo que concilie e integre os aspetos ambientais, culturais e sociais com o desenvolvimento económico nas áreas protegidas, promovendo assim o desenvolvimento sustentável.
http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-cets/menus/principal/cets/
- Parceiro para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável – investimento no programa que promove o conhecimento e divulga o valor dos Parques Naturais (unidade de gestão base da Rede de Áreas Protegidas dos Açores que integra as áreas da Rede Natura 2000), nomeadamente da oferta ao nível da atividade turística e produtos da Região, apostando no envolvimento com os cidadãos e organizações públicas e privadas.
http://parquesnaturais.azores.gov.pt/pt/smiguel/o-que-visitar/centros-ambientais/102-pni-smiguel/1224-programa-parceiro-para-o-desenvolvimento-sustentavel",,"http://www.icnf.pt/portal/naturaclas/rn2000/dir-aves-e-habitats
https://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/menus/secundario/Rede+Natura+2000/
http://siaram.azores.gov.pt/fauna/lista/aves.html
http://siaram.azores.gov.pt/fauna/aves/_intro.html","http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000/rn-pt/rn-PT
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000/rn-pt/rn-contin/zpe-pt
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000/rn-pt/RN-acores
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000/rn-pt/RN-Madeira
https://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/livres/Listagem+%C3%A1reas+Rede+Natura+2000.htm
https://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/livres/Distribuição+áreas+Rede+Natura+2000.htm
http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/SRMCT-MAR/menus/secundario/%C3%81reas+Marinhas+Protegidas/","CONTINENTE
CAC - Censo de Aves Comuns
http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/censo-de-aves-comuns/
NOCTUA-Portugal: Programa de Monitorização de Aves Noturnas
(http://www.spea.pt/gca/index.php?id=112)
Projecto Chegadas
http://www.spea.pt/gca/index.php?id=112
CANAN - Contagens de Aves no Natal e no Ano Novo
http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/canan/
Projecto Arenaria
https://sites.google.com/site/projectoarenaria/
Dias RAM
http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/dias-ram/
Censo de Inverno milhafre-real  
http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/censo-de-inverno-do-milhafre-real/
Programa Nacional Monitorização Aves Aquáticas Invernantes
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/ei/cempa/pp-monit/pnmaai
PEEC-Projecto de Estações de Esforço Constante
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/ei/cempa/cna/peec
AÇORES 
Censo de Milhafres/Mantas
http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/censo-de-milhafres-mantas/
MOAo1-III – MONIAVES – Programa de monitorização de populações de aves marinhas na subdivisão dos Açores - Censos de Garajaus na RAA
http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/SRMCT-MAR/conteudos/livres/censos_garajaus.htm
Projeto MISTIC SEAS II - Aplicação de uma abordagem sub-regional coerente e coordenada para a monitorização e avaliação da biodiversidade marinha na Macaronésia, para o 2.º ciclo da Diretiva Quadro Estratégia Marinha (DQEM). A monitorização de aves marinhas inclui três sub-programas: abundância, sucesso reprodutor e sobrevivência; e cinco espécies: cagarro (Calonectris borealis), painho-de-Monteiro (Hydrobates monteiroi), painho-da-Madeira (Hydrobates castro), alma-negra (Bulweria bulwerii) e frulho (Puffinus lherminieri).
http://misticseas2.com/pt-pt
MADEIRA
Monitorização do estado de conservação da freira-do-bugio (Pterodroma deserta) – ilhas Desertas
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/biodiversidade/projetos/freira-do-bugio.html
Monitorização da população de calcamar (Pelagodroma marina hypoleuca) na Selvagem Grande
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/areas-protegidas/ilhas-selvagens/programas-de-conservacao-estudos-e-projetos.html
Monitorização da população de cagarra (Calonectris diomedea borealis) na Selvagem Grande
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/areas-protegidas/ilhas-selvagens/programas-de-conservacao-estudos-e-projetos.html
Monitorização do estado de conservação do pombo-trocaz (Columba trocaz)
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/biodiversidade/projetos/pombo-trocaz.html 
Monitorização do estado de conservação da freira-da-madeira (Pterodroma madeira);
https://ifcn.madeira.gov.pt/biodiversidade/projetos/freira-da-madeira.html","Pedido de Credencial para Captura http://www.icnf.pt/portal/icnf/serv/formularios/resource/doc/fauna/pedido-credencial-captura-fauna-2018.zip
Pedido de Credencial para
Captura
http://servicos-sraa.azores.gov.pt/doit/servicos.asp?id_dep=3&id_form=18
Pedidos de licenças e autorizações diversos, incluindo espécies marinhas protegidas
http://servicos-sraa.azores.gov.pt/doit/servicos.asp?id_dep=10&id_form=77","http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/rn2000/dir-ave-habit/dir-q-sao
Decreto-Lei n.º 140/99 de 24/04, republicado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 49/2005 de 24/02, alterado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 156-A/2013, de 8/11.
Decreto-Lei n.º 140/99 de 24/04, republicado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 49/2005 de 24/02, alterado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 156-A/2013, de 8/11. 
AÇORES
Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 15/2012/A, de 2 de abril http://www.azores.gov.pt/Gra/srrn-natureza/conteudos/legislacoes/2018/Setembro/DLR+15-2012-A.htm?lang=pt&area=ct
MADEIRA
Decreto Legislativo Regional n.º 5/2006/M, de 2 de março
https://dre.pt/application/file/a/693344",62,17958,9657,14,8301,06-09-2017,,,9,45,Atlas Aves Invernantes e Migradoras 2011-2013,2018,http://www.spea.pt/pt/estudo-e-conservacao/censos/atlas-aves-invernantes-e-migradoras/,,,
SI,"V porocevalskem obdobju 2013-2018 so bili na podrocju izvajanja Direktive o pticah kljucni naslednji dosežki:

1. Opredeljevanje obmocij: Aprila 2013 je bila narejena vecja sprememba omrežja Natura 2000. Število SPA obmocij se je iz 26 povecalo na 31, njihova skupna površina pa iz 4.618 km2 na 5.077 km2. S tem so bile odpravljene pomanjkljivosti, ki so bile izpostavljene v okviru uradnega opomina.

2. Upravljanje obmocij Natura 2000: Aprila 2015 je Vlada Republike Slovenije sprejela drugi Program upravljanja obmocij Natura 2000 za obdobje 2015 – 2020. Program doloca podrobnejše varstvene cilje in ukrepe za vsako vrsto ptic vsakega SPA. Program opredeljuje tudi sektorje z odgovornimi nosilci, ki so pristojni za izvajanje ukrepov. Na podlagi sklepa Vlade, morajo biti varstveni ukrepi vkljuceni v sektorske nacrte, pristojni sektorji pa jih morajo tudi izvajati. 
V letu 2018 je bila izdelana metodologija spremljanja izvajanja ukrepov Programa upravljanja obmocij Natura 2000. Na osnovi podatkov o izvajanju zastavljenih ukrepov ocenjujemo, da se je v obdobju 2015 – 2017 izvajalo okvirno tri cetrtine ukrepov in usmeritev iz programa.

3. Sistem presoj sprejemljivosti vplivov izvedbe planov in posegov v naravo na varovanih obmocjih je vzpostavljen in se izvaja. Letno je povprecno izvedenih 170 presoj sprejemljivosti na ravni planov in 3.000 na ravni projektov, med slednjimi jih je 10% na ravni PVO-jev, ostali pa so na ravni naravovarstvenih soglasij in soglasij k izdaji drugih dovoljenj.

4. Spremljanje stanja ptic: Sistem spremljanja stanja ciljnih vrst ptic iz prilog Direktive o pticah je bil vzpostavljen že v prejšnjem porocevalskem obdobju in se izvaja v okviru razpoložljivih sredstev.

5. Projekti so pomemben dejavnik za izvajanje dolocenih ukrepov Programa upravljanja obmocij Natura 2000 in s tem za doseganje ciljev Direktive o pticah. Projekti se izvajajo v okviru razlicnih financnih mehanizmov: LIFE, Interreg, ESRR, Norveški in EGP financni mehanizem. Projekti, financirani iz ESRR, ki jih je RS s pogoji in nacinom potrditve v OP za izvajanje Evropske kohezijske politike (2014-2020) v celoti usmerila v izboljšanje stanja ohranjenosti vrst in njihovih habitatov, ki so  v slabem stanju, in so se zaceli izvajati v tem porocevalskem obdobju:
Zagotavljanje primerne rabe kraških travišc in ostenij za ohranjanje izbranih habitatnih tipov in vrst na obmocju Nature 2000 – Kras
Upravicenci: Javni zavod Park Škocjanske jame, Zavod RS za varstvo narave, Društvo za opazovanje in proucevanje ptic Slovenije, Elektro Primorska d.d., Obcina Divaca, Kmetijsko gozdarski zavod Nova Gorica, vrednost projekta: 2,97 mio EUR, predviden zakljucek 2021
Izboljšanje stanja naravovarstveno najpomembnejših delov travišc in barjanskih površin na Cerkniškem jezeru in Planinskem polju - Kras.Re.Vita
Upravicenci: Javni zavod Notranjski regijski park, Zavod RS za varstvo narave, Društvo za opazovanje in proucevanje ptic Slovenije, Zavod Znanje Postojna, Obcina Postojna, Obcina Logatec, vrednost projekta: 4,73 mio EUR, predviden zakljucek 2021
Ukrepi za ohranjanje in izboljšanje stanja ogroženih živalskih vrst in habitatov v Vipavski dolini
Upravicenci: Zavod za ribištvo Slovenije, Direkcija RS za vode, Društvo za opazovanje in proucevanje ptic Slovenije, Mestna obcina Nova Gorica, Obcina Ajdovšcina, Obcina Miren – Kostanjevica, Zavod RS za varstvo narave, vrednost projekta: 3,34 mio EUR, predviden zakljucek 2021
Vzdrževanje kmetijske krajine za ptice in metulje na Gorickem
Upravicenci: Javni zavod Krajinski park Goricko, Kmetijsko gozdarska zbornica Slovenije – Zavod Murska Sobota, Društvo za opazovanje in proucevanje ptic Slovenije, vrednost projekta: 1,78 mio EUR, predviden zakljucek 2022
Obnovitev in ohranjanje mokrotnih habitatov na obmocju Ljubljanskega barja – PoLJUBA
Upravicenci: Javni zavod Krajinski park Ljubljansko barje, Zavod RS za varstvo narave, Društvo za opazovanje in preucevanje ptic Slovenije, Regionalna razvojna agencija Ljubljanske urbane regije, vrednost projekta: 4,13 mio EUR, predviden zakljucek 2022

Projekti iz programa Interreg SI - HR:
LIKE, predviden zakljucek 2020,
Cigra, predviden zakljucek 2020,
MEASURES, predviden zakljucek 2021,
Vezi narave, predviden zakljucek 2021.

Projekti, financirani iz Predpristopnega IPA programa Jadran, ki jih je RS skupaj s sosednjimi državami s pogoji za odobritev projektov v cezmejnem programu usmerila spremljanje stanja in izboljšanje stanja ohranjenosti vrst, so:
IPA – projekt NetCet (zakljucen 2015) – ciljni vrsti sta bili kareta in velika pliskavka

Projekti, financirani iz financnega mehanizma EGP, ki jih je RS s pogoji za odobritev projektov v tem programu usmerila v izboljšanje stanja ohranjenosti vrst in HT v slabem stanju in so se izvajali v tem porocevalskem obdobju so:
-	SUPPORT (zakljucek 2016), ciljne vrste/HT so bili ruševec, divji petelin, HT 6230, HT 7140, HT 7110 in HT 91D0 
-	Goricki travniki (zakljucek 2016), ciljne vrste/HT so bili veliki skovik, temni mravljišcar in HT 6210

Kljucni LIFE projekti, ki so se izvajali v tem porocevalskem obdobju, so:
-  LIFE11 NAT/SI/000880 – SI Natura 2000 Management (zakljucek 2015)
-  LIFE09 NAT/SI/000376 – LIFE MANSALT (zakljucek 2015)
-  LIFE10/NAT/SI/000141 – SIMARINE-NATURA (zakljucek 2016)
-  LIFE11 NAT/SI/000882 – LIVEDRAVA (zakljucek 2017)
-  LIFE13 NAT/SI/000314 – LIFE Kocevsko (zakljucek 2019)
-  LIFE16 NAT/SI/000708 – LIFE Stržen (predviden zakljucek 2022).

Konec leta 2018 je Slovenija zacela izvajati LIFE Integriran projekt za okrepljeno upravljanje Nature 2000 (LIFE17 IPE/SI/000011 - LIFE-IP NATURA.SI), ki bo okrepil izvajanje Programa upravljanja obmocij Natura 2000 s krepitvijo medsektorskega sodelovanja, posodobitvijo tega programa ter vzpostavitvijo nacionalne sheme monitoringa.

Vkljucitev možnosti financiranja projektov za doseganje ciljev Direktive o pticah v financno perspektivo 2014-2020 je posledica izboljšanja sodelovanja med MOP in drugimi ministrstvi in vladnimi službami, izvajanje teh projektov pa je prispevalo k dodatnemu izboljšanju sodelovanja med javnimi službami s podrocja ohranjanja narave in kljucnimi deležniki na tem podrocju.

7. Ozavešcanje in informiranost javnosti o Naturi 2000 je potekalo kontinuirano skozi celotno porocevalsko obdobje (www.natura2000.si, eNatura). Okrepljeno so komunicirali v okviru projektov  zlasti povezano z aktivnim ohranjanjem stanja ptic in njihovih habitatov. Del porocevalskega obdobja so bile komunikacijske aktivnosti usmerjene tudi v pripravo sprememb in dopolnitev obmocij Natura 2000.

8. Ocenjeno je, da se je kratkorocni trend populacij 57-ih vrst ptic izboljšal in so populacije stabilne ali v porastu. Triintridesetim vrstam se je ohranil ugoden trend (stabilen oz. narašcujoc). Slabšanje stanja ohranjenosti populacij drugih vrst ptic pa bi bilo brez vseh izvedenih naporov še vecje.",,http://www.natura2000.gov.si/index.php?id=140#c85,"http://www.natura2000.gov.si/
http://www.pisrs.si/Pis.web/pregledPredpisa?id=URED283
https://www.naravovarstveni-atlas.si/web/profile.aspx?id=N2K@ZRSVNJ",http://www.natura2000.gov.si/index.php?id=211,http://www.uradni-list.si/1/objava.jsp?urlid=200446&stevilka=2216,"http://www.pisrs.si/Pis.web/pregledPredpisa?id=URED283
https://www.uradni-list.si/glasilo-uradni-list-rs/vsebina/51097",31,5074.3,5062.6,3,11.7,19-07-2018,6,22,31,100,Atlas ptic Slovenije: Popis gnezdilk 2002–2017 (Bird Atlas of Slovenia: Survey of Breeding Birds 2002–2017),2019,"Mihelic T., Kmecl P., Denac K., Koce U., Vrezec A., Denac D. (eds.) (2019): Atlas ptic Slovenije. Popis gnezdilk 2002–2017. – DOPPS, Ljubljana.",,,
SK,"V rokoch 2013 – 2018 došlo predovšetkým k pokroku v poznaní druhov vtáctva, v príprave a schvalovaní dokumentácie ochrany prírody a krajiny podla zákona c. 543/2002 Z. z. o ochrane prírody a krajiny v znení neskorších predpisov (dalej len „zákon c. 543/2002 Z. z.“) a v realizácii opatrení na zlepšenie biotopov volne žijúceho vtáctva. 
Štátna ochrana prírody Slovenskej republiky (ŠOP SR) ukoncila 2 projekty zo štrukturálnych fondov zamerané na zabezpecenie priaznivého stavu výberových druhov vtákov a ich biotopov v chránených vtácích územiach (CHVÚ). V rámci nich bolo zmapovaných 75 výberových druhov vtákov, vypracované definície priaznivého stavu výberových druhov vtákov (http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu1/; http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu2/) a odborné návrhy 34 programov starostlivosti o CHVÚ a boli vydané 3 knižné publikácie (http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu1/images/publikacie/metodika_systematickeho.pdf; http://www.sopsr.sk/dokumenty/KnihaA4_Zasady-ochrany-cela.pdf; http://www.sopsr.sk/dokumenty/KnihaA4_Chranene-vtacie-uzemia-SR-cela.pdf).  Získané údaje boli zapracované do KIMS (Komplexný informacný systém biotopov a druhov - www.biomonitoring.sk), ktorý ŠOP SR zaviedla v roku 2013. KIMS obsahuje dáta o výskyte všetkých biotopov a druhov európskeho významu a informácie z pravidelného monitoringu na trvalých monitorovacích lokalitách (kvalita biotopu a populácie, vyhliadky do budúcnosti, ohrozenia, manažment, druhové zloženie ai). Údaje sú pravidelne štatisticky vyhodnocované.  Bola vyvinutá aj aplikácia pre verejnost, cez ktorú sa zbierajú výskytové údaje v teréne. Tie sú potom verifikované a zverejnené na www.biomonitoring.sk. Dalšie údaje boli publikované predovšetkým v rámci monografií na regionálnej úrovni (CHVÚ Horná Orava, CHVÚ Polana, CHVÚ Medzibodrožie). 
Zdrojom údajov je tiež každorocné zimné scítavanie vtáctva, ktoré realizuje mimovládna organizácia (MVO) Slovenská ornitologická spolocnost/BirdLife Slovensko s úcastou dalších odborných  inštitúcií (vrátane ŠOP SR) a expertov, výsledky sú dostupné na http://vtaky.sk/stranka/95-Zimne-scitanie.html. Jesenné a zimné scítanie vybraných druhov dravých vtákov v rámci Slovenska koordinuje MVO Ochrana dravcov na Slovensku Prebieha tiež pravidelný monitoring bežných druhov vtákov (http://www.vtaky.sk/stranka/97-Scitanie-beznych-druhov.html).
Na základe údajov z uvedených zdrojov pripravila ŠOP SR aj 251 prvotných hodnotení 232 druhov vtáctva z referencného zoznamu pre podávanie správy podla clánku 12 smernice o vtákoch v rámci Slovenska za roky 2013 - 2018. Tieto hodnotenia boli následne posúdené clenmi koordinacnej rady pre monitoring vtáctva a pre podávanie správy podla clánku 12 smernice o vtákoch (ustanovenej ešte v roku 2011) a následne podrobne prediskutované. Clenmi tejto koordinacnej rady sú ornitológovia zo všetkých najvýznamnejších odborných inštitúcií v rámci Slovenska, vrátane MVO, ako aj zástupcovia dotknutých rezortov. 
CHVÚ boli v rámci Slovenska vymedzené pre 81 druhov vtáctva. Aktualizovaný národný zoznam obsahuje 41 CHVÚ, ktoré zaberajú 26,2 % z celkovej rozlohy Slovenskej republiky a je považovaný za dostatocný pre druhy z prílohy I smernice o vtákoch. Pre všetky CHVÚ je vo vyhláške Ministerstva životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky (MŽP SR), resp. nariadení vlády Slovenskej republiky (SR), ktorým sa dané CHVÚ vyhlasuje, vymedzený predmet ochrany (druhy vtáctva), hranice CHVÚ a cinnosti, ktoré by mohli mat negatívny vplyv na predmet ochrany. V týchto predpisoch sú tiež uvedené rámcové ciele ochrany. Prioritou bolo v hodnotenom období rozpracovanie cielov ochrany a stanovenie ochranárskych opatrení pre jednotlivé CHVÚ, ktoré je podla zákona c. 543/2002 Z. z. predovšetkým v dokumentácii ochrany prírody. 
   Programy starostlivosti o CHVÚ sú dokumentáciou ochrany prírody a krajiny na 30 rokov, v ktorej je o. i. definícia priaznivého stavu vtácích druhov, ktoré sú predmetom ochrany v danom CHVÚ; hodnotenie stavu týchto druhov v rámci tohto CHVÚ podla definície, stanovenie dlhodobých a operatívnych cielov pre každý vtácí druh a opatrení na ich dosiahnutie. Opatrenia sú zoskupené do realizacných aktivít s urcením zodpovednosti, financných prostriedkov a predpokladaných zdrojov financovania.
Vláda SR v hodnotenom období schválila 13 programov starostlivosti o CHVÚ a dalších 5 bolo prerokovaných, ostatné sú v štádiu prípravy resp. dopracovania. Programy starostlivosti sú dostupné na http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/ochrana-prirody-krajiny/uzemna-ochrana-prirody/natura-2000/. 
V hodnotenom období boli tiež schválené programy záchrany pre ohrozené druhy sokol cervenonohý (Falco vespertinus), hluchán hôrny (Tetrao urogallus) a tetrov holniak (Tetrix tetrix). Programy záchrany sú rovnako dokumentáciou ochrany prírody podla zákona c. 543/2002 Z. z., ktorá sa vypracúva na obdobie 5 rokov a obsahuje hodnotenie stavu, ciele a opatrenia na ich dosiahnutie, ako aj analýzu cinností a iných faktorov, ktoré ohrozujú daný druh v jeho prirodzenom areáli v rámci Slovenska. Programy záchrany schvaluje MŽP SR, sú dostupné na http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/ochrana-prirody-krajiny/druhova-ochrana-prirody/programy-zachrany/. 
Pozornost bola tiež zameraná na cinnosti, ktoré môžu ohrozit volné žijúce druhy, menovite na elimináciu úhynov na elektrických vedeniach a pri zateplovaní budov a na elimináciu vtácej kriminality. Významným prínosom boli v tejto súvislosti projekty, predovšetkým LIFE projekty, ktoré realizovali MVO a dalšie inštitúcie. 
Medzi ich výstupy patrí prvý systematický výskum elektrických vedení pre urcenie problematických úsekov, kde dochádza najviac k úhynom vtáctva v dôsledku nárazov s nadzemným elektrickým vedením, co umožnuje efektívne preventívne opatrenia. V 13 CHVÚ inštalovali 3 distribucné spolocnosti 8 000 prvkov na zvýšenie viditelnosti vedení pre vtáctvo (predchádzanie kolíziám). Rocne sa tak zachráni 600 jedincov chránených druhov vtáctva. Výrazný pokrok bol dosiahnutý aj v oblasti zmiernovania úhynov vtáctva následkom zásahov elektrickým prúdom,  vdaka systematickej inštalácii ochranných technických prvkov na nebezpecné stlpy elektrického vedenia, resp. vhodnými konzolami. 
Na elimináciu vtácej kriminality, s osobitným zameraním na otravy, bola do praxe Policajného zboru SR (PZ SR) zavedená nová špecializácia služobných psov – vyhladávanie karbofuránu a kadáverov. Koncom roku 2018 bol v tejto špecializácii vycvicený prvý pes. Vypracovávajú sa vyšetrovacie postupy pre PZ SR, terénnych pracovníkov, vrátane clenov stráže prírody aj veterinárov. V oblasti problematiky vtácej kriminality bolo vyškolených 340 clenov PZ SR, 50 prokurátorov, 59 pracovníkov ŠOP SR, 49 pracovníkov okresných úradov a 28 veterinárov. Bol vynesený prvý precedentný rozsudok voci osobám, ktoré zámerne trávili jedince sokola stahovavého (Falco peregrinus).
Cielom dalšieho projektu bolo zastavit pokles pocetnosti populácie dáždovníka obycajného (Apus apus) a raniaka hrdzavého (Nyctalus noctula) na Slovensku, spôsobený zateplovaním a rekonštrukciou budov, a postupne zvýšit pocetnost ich populácií na pôvodný stav.  Boli prijaté opatrenia na stabilizáciu poklesu hniezdnej populácie orla kriklavého (Aquila pomarina) a priame posilnenie ochrany 24 % hniezdnej populácie orlov kriklavých na Slovensku. Na základe metodiky pre vyhlasovanie ochranných zón hniezdnych lokalít chránených druhov vtákov MŽP SR vydalo v roku 2017 usmernenie pre okresné úrady a ŠOP SR. Následne boli vyhlásené ochranné zóny okolo 172 hniezd orla kriklavého a realizovala sa štúdia, ktorá potvrdila, že tieto opatrenia až o 20 % zvyšujú pravdepodobnost úspešného hniezdenia orlov.  V 5 CHVÚ na Slovensku boli zlepšené hniezdne a potravné podmienky pre sokola kobcovitého (Falco peregrinus), najmä inštaláciou búdok, ochranou krkavcovitých druhov vtákov, výsadbou stromov a zlepšením polnohospodárskych postupov. Jedinú známu populáciu, v SKCHVÚ029 Syslovské polia, sa podarilo zachránit – pocet hniezdiacich párov postupne rastie, od 0 v roku 2012 až po 19 v roku 2018 (45 mládat).
V rámci dalších projektov boli odstránené bariéry na vodných tokoch, sprietocnené a obnovené mrtve ramená a mokrade, ako aj dalšie biotopy významné pre vtáctvo (lesostepné, kolmé brehy, biokoridory), zavedená pastva na zachovanie travinných biotopov. Tieto opatrenia prispeli k posilneniu populácií viacerých vzácnych druhov, vrátane bociana cierneho (Ciconia nigra), rybárika riecneho (Alcedo atthis), vcelárika zlatého (Merops apiaster), orliaka morského (Haliaeetus albicilla), chochlacky bielookej (Aythya nyroca), kalužiaka cervenoného (Tringa totanus). Opatrenia boli prijaté na ochranu biotopov hluchána hôrneho (Tetrao urogallus),ktorá patrí medzi najvyššie priority. 
Boli tiež vypracované (a zapracované do Programu rozvoja vidieka SR 2014 - 2020) schémy „Platby na lesnícko-environmentálne záväzky v chránených vtácích územiach“ (umožnujúce vlastníkom lesných pozemkov uchádzat sa o financnú podporu, ak svojím hospodárením prispejú k ochrane hniezdneho biotopu 24 druhov ohrozených druhov vtákov), „Ochrana biotopov sysla pasienkového“, „Ochrana biotopov prírodných a poloprírodných trávnych porastov“ a „Biopásy na ornej pôde“ (umožnujúce vlastníkom a užívatelom polnohospodárskych pozemkov cerpat financnú podporu za predpokladu environmentálne vhodného obhospodarovania pozemkov).
V roku 2013 došlo k novele zákona c. 543/2002 Z. z. (zákonom c. 506/2013 Z. z.), ktorej prínosom hlavne zvýšenie ochrany volne žijúcich vtákov a doplnenie ustanovení na ochranu prirodzeného zloženia biotopov pred nepôvodnými a inváznymi druhmi živocíchov. Novelou boli rozšírené aj ekonomické nástroje ochrany prírody aj zákonom stanovené cinnosti ŠOP SR a spresnené postupy uplatnenia clánku 6 ods. 3 a 4 smernice o biotopoch, ktoré sa vztahujú aj na CHVÚ. 
V hodnotenom období sa výrazne zlepšila infraštruktúra v národnej sieti záchranných staníc, cím sa zlepšila ich kapacita pre rehabilitáciu zranených živocíchov. Nahlasovanie nálezov zranených živocíchov sa prepojilo aj na jednotné tiesnové císlo 112.  Právne predpisy sú prístupné na www.slov-lex.sk, predpisy týkajúce sa ochrany prírody a dalšie informácie aj na    http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/ochrana-prirody-krajiny/uzemna-ochrana-prirody/natura-2000/.","In the period of 2013 - 2018 there was progress mainly in knowledge of bird species, in process of preparation and approval of nature and landscape documentation in compliance with Act No. 543/2002 Coll. on Nature and Landscape Protection, as amended by later regulations (hereinafter referred to as „Act. No. 543/2002 Coll.“)., and in implementation of measures for improving the habitats of bird species. 
The State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic (SNC SR) completed 2 projects funded from the structural funds for the protection of favourable conservation status of Annex 1 + trigger bird species and their habitats in special protection areas (SPA). As a result, 75 Annex 1 + trigger bird species have been mapped,  favourable conservation status has been described for Annex 1 + trigger bird species (published at http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu1/; http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu2/), scientific drafts of  management plans were prepared for 34 SPAs and 3 books were published (http://www.sopsr.sk/ps.chvu1/images/publikacie/metodika_systematickeho.pdf; http://www.sopsr.sk/ dokumenty / KnihaA4_Zasady-ochrana-cela.pdf; http://www.sopsr.sk/dokumenty/KnihaA4_Chranene-vtacie-uzemia-SR-cela.pdf). The obtained data were included into the KIMS (Comprehensive Information System of Habitats and Species - www.biomonitoring.sk), which was introduced by the SNC SR in 2013. The KIMS contains data on occurrence and distribution of habitats and species of the Community interest, data from regular monitoring at permanent monitoring sites (population and habitat quality, future prospects, threats, management, species composition and others). The data are regularly statistically evaluated. Application was also developed for the public, for collection of occurrence data from field. The data obtained from application are verified and published at www.biomonitoring.sk. Other data have been published mainly in monographs at regional level (SPA Horná Orava, SPA Poľana, SPA Medzibodrožie).
Winter bird census also serves as data source, realized by non-governmental organization (NGO) Slovak Ornithological Society /BirdLife Slovakia in cooperation with other expert institutions including SNC SR and specialists; the results are available at http://vtaky.sk/stranka/95-Zimne-scitanie.html. Autumn and winter census of selected raptors is coordinated by other NGO Raptor protection of Slovakia. Monitoring of common species is conducted regularly http://www.vtaky.sk/stranka/97-Scitanie-beznych-druhov.html), too.
Based on information from the above sources, SNC SR  prepared 251 initial evaluations of 232 bird species included in the reference list for reporting under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in Slovakia for 2013-2018 period. The data were discussed and evaluated by the members of coordination board for monitoring of birds and reporting under the Article 12 of the Birds Directive (set up in 2011) and discussed in details. This Coordination Board consists of ornithologists from all major professional institutions in Slovakia, including NGOs, as well as representatives of the ministries concerned.
Within Slovakia, SPAs were defined for 81 bird species. The updated national list of contains 41 SPAs, which cover 26.2 % of the total area of the Slovak Republic and is considered sufficient for the species in Annex I of the Birds Directive. For every SPA, the order of the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic (MoE) resp. the regulation of the Government of the Slovak Republic (SR), by which the SPA is declared, defines subject of protection (species of birds), the boundaries of the SPA and activities that could have a negative impact on the subject of protection. These legal norms also set out the general conservation objectives. In the period under review, the priority was the elaboration of conservation objectives and the establishment of conservation measures for individual SPAs, which rests, according Act No. 543/2002 Coll., especially in nature protection documentation.
The SPA management programs are documentation of nature and landscape protection for 30 years, They contain, besides other things, the definition of the favourable conservation status of the bird species (which are the subject of protection in the SPA), an assessment of the status of these species within this SPA according to the above definition, long-term and operational objectives for each species and the measures to achieve them. The measures are grouped into implementation activities with identified responsibilities, funds and anticipated sources of funding. In the period under review, the Government of SR approved management programs for 13 SPAs and 5 others were negotiated, others are in process of preparation or finalisation. Management programs are available at http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/protection-natures-countries/earth-protection-natures/natura-2000/).
 In the period under review, rescue programs were also approved for the endangered species – the red-footed falcon (Falco vespertinus), the western cappercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and the black grouse (Tetrix tetrix). Rescue programs are also documentation of nature protection according to Act No. 543/2002 Coll., they are effective for a period of 5 years and contain assessment of the status, objectives and measures to achieve them, as well as analysis of activities and other factors that endanger the species in its natural range within Slovakia. Rescue programs are approved by the MoE and are available at http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/ochrana-prirody-krajiny/druhova-ochrana-prirody/programy-zachrany/.  
Attention was also focused on activities that may endanger wild species, namely the elimination of mortality on power lines and the insulation of buildings and the elimination of bird crime. In this context, LIFE projects implemented by NGOs and other institutions have made a significant contribution.
They resulted, among others, in the first systematic research on power lines to identify the problematic sections responsible for most bird mortality due to collisions with overhead power lines, enabling effective preventive measures. In 13 SPAs, 3 distribution companies installed 8 000 elements to increase the visibility of the wiring (collision avoidance). This will save 600 individuals of protected bird species annually. Significant progress has also been made in the area of reducing bird mortality due to electrocution, thanks to the systematic installation of protective technical elements on dangerous poles of power lines, or suitable consoles.
For elimination of bird crime, focused mainly on bird poisoning, a new specialization of service dogs (search for carbofuran and carcasses) was introduced into the practice of the Police Corps of the Slovak Republic (PZ SR). At the end of 2018, the first special dog completed training. Guidelines Investigation procedures are being elaborated for PZ SR, field experts, including members of nature guard and veterinarians. In the field of prevention of bird crime, 340 members of PZ SR were trained, 50 prosecutors, 59 employees of ŠOP SR, 49 employees of district offices and 28 veterinarians. The first case-law was passed against persons who intentionally spent individuals of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus).
The aim of another project was to halt the decline in the population of the common swift (Apus apus) and the common noctule (Nyctalus noctula) in Slovakia, caused by the thermal insulation and reconstruction of buildings, and to gradually increase their population. 
Measures were taken to stabilize the decline in the nesting population of the lesser spotted eagle (Aquila pomarina) and a direct strengthening of the protection of 24 % of the nesting population of Spotted Eagle in Slovakia. On the bases of guidance for the designation of protection zones for breeding sites of protected bird species the MoE issued in 2017 the guidelines for the district offices and SNC SR. Consequently, protective zones around 172 golden-eagle nests were declared and a study carried out confirming that these measures increase the likelihood of successful eagle nesting by up to 20 %. Within 5 SPAs nesting and feeding conditions for the red-footed falcon (Falco vespertinus) were improved, mainly by installing booths, protecting raven species, planting trees and improving agricultural practices. The only known population, in the SKCHVU029 Sysľovské polia, was saved - the number of breeding pairs gradually increased, from 0 in 2012 to 19 in 2018 (45 young individuals). Populations of several rare species have been strengthened, including black stork (Ciconia nigra), common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis), European bee-eater (Merops apiaster), white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), ferruginous duck (Aythya nyroca), common redshank (Tringa totanus), by the removal of barriers on watercourses, revitalization and restoration of oxbows and wetlands, as well as other habitats important for birds (forest-steppe, river banks, biocorridors), introduction of grazing to preserve grassland habitats. Measures were undertaken for the protection of western cappercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) which remain one of top priority issues in Slovakia.  
The following schemes were also developed (and incorporated into the Rural Development Program of SR 2014 - 2020) “Payments for forestry-environmental commitments in protected bird areas” (allowing forest land owners to apply for financial support provided that they, through their management, 24 species of endangered bird species) as well as “Conservation of habitat ground squirrel habitats”, “Conservation of natural and semi-natural grassland habitats” and “Arable land habitats” (allowing landowners/users of agricultural land to benefit from the aid of environmentally sound land management). 
In 2013, Act No. 543/2002 Coll. was amended (by the Act No. 506/2013 Coll.), the benefit of which was mainly, enhanced protection of wildlife birds and of the natural habitat composition against non-indigenous and invasive animal species. The economic instruments of nature conservation were also extended, as well as the legally stipulated duties of SNC SR and the procedures were specified for the application of the Article 6. 3 and 6.4 of the Habitats Directive, which also apply to the SPA. 
In the period under review, the infrastructure of the national network of rescue stations has strengthened significantly, thus improving their capacity to rehabilitate injured animals. Reporting of the findings of injured animals was also linked to the  emergency number 112.
Legal norms are available at www.slov-lex.sk, the regulations concerning nature protection and other information also on  http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/ochrana-prirody-krajiny/uzemna-ochrana-prirody/natura-2000/.","http://www.sopsr.sk/natura/index.php?p=2&lang=en
http://www.sopsr.sk/natura","http://www.sopsr.sk/natura/index1.php?p=3&lang=en
http://www.biomonitoring.sk/","http://www.sopsr.sk/natura/index1.php?p=7&lang=sk&inf=1
http://aves.vtaky.sk/sk/zoology
http://www.biomonitoring.sk/
http://www.birding.sk/index.php?lang=sk",http://www.sopsr.sk/natura/index1.php?p=1&lang=en,http://www.sopsr.sk/natura/index1.php?p=2&lang=en,41,12914.28,12914.28,0,0,20-11-2017,1,0.64,16,17.68,Rozšírenie vtákov na Slovensku,2002,"Danko Štefan, Darolová Alžbeta, Krištín Anton: Rozšírenie vtákov na Slovensku. VEDA, vyd. SAV Bratislava, 2002.",Cervený zoznam vtákov Slovenska,2014,"Krištín, Anton & Demko, Miroslav & Pacenovský, Samuel. (2014). [Red list of birds in Slovakia] Cervený zoznam vtákov Slovenska. SOS/BirdLife Slovensko, 52 pp.."
UK,"This general implementation report covers metropolitan UK and Gibraltar. It complements the bird species’ status and trends reports under Annex B of the EU reporting format.

There are a number of additional appendices which provide a breakdown of the all-UK summary statistics in Sections 3 and 4 into the constituent metropolitan UK and Gibraltar information.
• Appendix I: Section 3 – Natura 2000 (SPAs) - site classification (Art. 4): summary statistics for metropolitan UK only (based on the UK Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies’ method to define marine sites as ‘sites with marine components’, which is the UK’s method for defining the UK Marine Protected Area network
• Appendix II: Section 3 – Natura 2000 (SPAs) - site classification (Art. 4): summary statistics for metropolitan UK only
• Appendix III: Section 3 – Natura 2000 (SPAs) - site classification (Art. 4): summary statistics for Gibraltar only
• Appendix IV: Section 4 – Set of conservation measures and management plans for Natura 2000 sites (SPAs): summary statistics for metropolitan UK only
• Appendix V: Section 4 – Set of conservation measures and management plans for Natura 2000 sites (SPAs): summary statistics for Gibraltar only
 
Metropolitan UK
The UK has recently published the third review of its national network of Special Protection Areas (SPAs) under the EU Birds Directive.  The review is believed to be the first review of a complete national protected area network assessed against an explicit baseline.  Numbers of all qualifying species on SPAs in the 2000s were assessed against their status in the 1990s.  SPA provision was assessed in detail for 151 species and full details are in the final review published on JNCC’s website (http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-7309).

For non-breeding waterbirds, the network provides targeted conservation measures for 2,488,000 waterbirds, 37% of the national total, as well as for 70% of UK’s breeding seabirds (2,471,000 pairs).  For some species, the sites hold the whole UK population including breeding species such as the Common Scoter Melanitta nigra (found on northern Scottish peatlands), and the burrow-nesting seabird Leach’s Petrel (which nests on remote Atlantic islands).  Very large proportions of non-breeding waterbirds also occur within the site network, including over 80% of the UK’s Red Knot Calidris canutus, Dunlin Calidris alpina and Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola, and over 90% of the Svalbard-breeding population of Barnacle Geese which winter on the Solway coast.  Some of these sites also hold very significant proportions of species’ global populations: the islands of Rum and Skomer, off the western coasts of Scotland and Wales respectively, hold 83% of the world’s breeding Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus.

The Review assessed how the sites were monitored; most data (85%) came from counts made by volunteers organised through schemes co-funded by government and a range of non-governmental organisations.

Comparison with numbers in the 1990s showed that some species have undergone substantial changes in their distributions, leading both to increases and decreases within the site network.  

The Review was essentially a gap analysis – assessing the sufficiency of the network for relevant species.  The second phase of the Review concluded in 2017, with advice being provided to government and its conservation agencies on how identified insufficiencies could be addressed for the species concerned.  The third phase is continuing work to implement the recommendations made by the Review.

Alongside the current review of terrestrial SPAs, work continues to classify marine SPAs, with 14 SPAs for seabirds either newly classified or extended into the marine environment since 2013 (listed in section 2.2 below).  

With respect to Article 10, work has continued to consolidate and further improve surveillance of birds in the UK (in both terrestrial and marine environments), typically through support of monitoring schemes co-funded by both government agencies and the non-government sector working in partnership.  Bird surveillance and monitoring in the UK depends critically on the inputs of volunteers.  Particular emphasis has been given to maintaining levels of surveillance in times of economic constraint which is absolutely essential to maintain basic levels of data collection of value not just for bird conservation but also wider environmental monitoring needs.  

A future monitoring programme for marine birds has now been recommended and includes:

1.  Continuation and, where appropriate, enhancement of existing monitoring schemes which provide annual trends in abundance and breeding success of seabirds; and trends in the number of waterbirds using coastal sites to breed, stopover on migration or to over-winter;

2.  Monitoring and surveillance of inshore and offshore aggregations of seabirds and waterbirds at sea and integration of these with the above surveillance schemes (including coordinated monitoring of the existing/proposed marine SPA network);

3.  Integration with assessment of seabird sensitivity and vulnerability, and indicator development work for Marine Strategy Framework Directive (e.g. assessing the scale of marine bird bycatch in fisheries.

If the monitoring programme is approved, it will be implemented during the 2019 – 2025 reporting period.

Considerable emphasis has been given to the development and implementation of agri-environment schemes (AES) to address declines of formerly-common farmland birds.  In England, as of May 2018, there were 26,343 AES agreements, covering 3,039,543 ha, and other schemes operate elsewhere in the UK.  Such schemes have been of major importance in the recovery of threatened species such as Corncrake Crex crex and Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus.  Recent research funded by Defra/NE also indicates that agri-environment schemes have been beneficial to a range of priority farmland bird species, showing the potential for these schemes to reverse the national declines if deployed at the appropriate scale across England.

The implementation of Action Plans established under the UK Biodiversity Action Planning (UK BAP) process (http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-5155) helped reverse the formerly negative national trends for several species including Bittern Botaurus stellaris, Corncrake, Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus and Cirl Bunting and this work continues through the Action for Birds in England programme, run by NE and RSPB and which includes species recovery research underway to benefit Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur, Corn Bunting, Curlew, Ring Ouzel and Willow Tit.  Yet other priority species continue to decline - such as Bewick’s Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii; Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur; Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis; Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola; Greenfinch Carduelis chloris; Twite Linaria flavirostris and Willow Tit Poecile montanus – all of which have short-term UK declines of >50% during the current reporting period.  

Most work which was previously carried out under the UK BAP is now focused at country level.  Further information about the country biodiversity strategies can be found through the country-level biodiversity web-page.  The Environment Departments of all four governments in the UK work together through the Four Countries Biodiversity Group.  Together they have agreed, and Ministers have signed, a framework of priorities for UK-level work for the Convention on Biological Diversity.  Published on 17 July 2012, the 'UK Post-2010 Biodiversity Framework' covers the period from 2011 to 2020. Information on the UK Biodiversity Framework can be found at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/pdf/UK_Post2010_Bio-Fwork.pdf.

In the marine environment, domestic implementation of both nature Directives through domestic legislation has afforded protection to qualifying species of those SPAs classified for breeding seabirds.  Identification of fully marine SPA is now complete, and many sites are classified, with the remainder having been consulted upon. Decisions on designations will be made shortly.  This will contribute to the conservation of seabirds (many of which breed within existing terrestrial SPAs) and non-breeding waterbirds. 

The Scottish Government is developing a Seabird Conservation Strategy which will take an overview of pressures and threats facing marine birds, the existing conservation action underway and provide a direction for future policy and management that would most effectively mitigate impacts.

DEFRA published ‘Risk assessment of seabird bycatch in UK waters’ in 2017.  This will help to assess the relative risk to marine birds in UK waters of being caught and killed by commercial fishing gear.  More recently, options for assessment and monitoring of seabird bycatch in UK waters have been identified and are being considered by governments.  Furthermore, DEFRA has commissioned JNCC to draft a Plan of Action to address seabird bycatch in UK waters, working with Devolved Administrations, the fishing industry and all interested parties.  Together these initiatives will enable governments to assess whether bycatch will prevent the achievement of Good Environmental Status (GES) under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD - Directive 2008/56/EC) and to progress the aim of initiatives including the EU Action Plan for reducing bycatch.

Particular priority has been given to actions that seek to reduce human-wildlife conflicts with protected birds given that such conflicts may act as drivers for illegal persecution.  These include the continued support of the Partnership against Wildlife Crime (section 2.4 below), and an initiative, formerly led by the Environment Council, to seek solutions to perceived conflicts (where these exist) relating to the presence of Hen Harriers Circus cyaneus on moorland managed for Red Grouse Lagopus lagopus scotica.  Establishment of a practical model of co-existence is being undertaken through the Langholm Moor Demonstration Project launched in 2007.  Information can be found at: http://www.langholmproject.com.  A joint action plan to increase the English Hen Harrier population has been produced by the DEFRA-led Upland Stakeholder Forum Hen Harrier sub-group, and can be found at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/increasing-hen-harrier-populations-in-england-action-plan. 

A number of LIFE projects have been operational during the reporting period and have continued to help improve the quality of bird habitats.  These include:
• Biosecurity for LIFE: Safeguarding the UK's globally important seabird island SPAs from invasive alien species (LIFE17 GIE/UK/000572), August 2018 to July 2022. 
• Improvement Programme for England’s Natura 2000 Sites (IPENS) (LIFE11 NAT_UK_000384), July 2012 to June 2015.  Project website: http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/designations/sac/ipens2000.aspx
• Scottish machair - Conserving machair habitats and species in a suite of Scottish Natura sites (Machair Life) (LIFE08 NAT/UK/000204), January 2010 to December 2013.  Project website: http://www.machairlife.org.uk/
• Securing the Stone-curlew: securing the future of the stone-curlew throughout its range in the UK (LIFE11 INF/UK/000418), September 2012 to August 2016.  Project website: http://www.rspb.org.uk/ourwork/projects/details/342233-EU-LIFE+-Project-Securing-the-future-of-the-stone-curlew-in-the-UK.
• The Alde-Ore Estuary - Securing a sustainable future for wildlife (Alde-Ore) (LIFE08 NAT/UK/000199), April 2010 to March 2014.  Project website: http://www.lifealdeore.org/
• MoorLIFE: Active blanket bog restoration in the South Pennine Moors (MoorLIFE) (LIFE08 NAT_UK_000202), April 2010 to April 2015.  Project website: http://www.moorsforthefuture.org.uk/moorlife
• Reintroducing the Great Bustard Otis tarda to southern England (Reintroducing Otis tarda) (LIFE09 NAT/UK/000020), September 2010 to August 2015.  Project website: http://greatbustard.org/life_project/
• Maintaining and enhancing the Isles of Scilly SPA through the removal of rats from two key islands (Scilly rat removal) (LIFE11 NAT/UK/000387), October 2012 to September 2017.  Project website: http://www.rspb.org.uk/ourwork/projects/details/343296-isles-of-scilly-seabird-recovery-project
• LIFE Roseate Tern: improving the conservation prospects of the priority species Roseate Tern throughout its range in the UK and Ireland (LIFE14 NAT/UK/000394), October 2015 to September 2020.  Project website: http://roseatetern.org/index.html 
• LIFE Little Terns: improving the conservation status of the Little Tern in the UK through targeted action at the most important colonies (LIFE12 NAT/UK/000869) September 2013 to March 2019.  Project website: https://www.littleternproject.org.uk/

Surveys from which the data in this report were derived were funded or organised, inter alia, by the following organisations (and their predecessor bodies): BirdWatch Ireland (BWI), British Trust for Ornithology (BTO); Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (Northern Ireland); Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust; Joint Nature Conservation Committee; Natural Resources Wales; Natural England; Raptor Study Groups in Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland; Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; Scottish Ornithologists Club (SOC); Shetland Oil Terminal Environmental Advisory Group; SNH and the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust.  We thank especially BTO, BWI and SOC for the use of data and information from the Britain and Ireland Bird Atlas 2007-2011.

Finally, this assessment would not have been possible without the massive voluntary efforts of many tens of thousands of volunteers who have given their time (and resources) to participate in systematic surveys and monitoring of UK birds since the 1960s.  We acknowledge their huge input and interest, without which knowledge of the UK’s changing birds would be immeasurably poorer and the implementation of the Directive more difficult.

Gibraltar
Site and habitat specific management plans are in place, with the overall direction managed by the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Climate Change (DEHCC) and implemented through agents and contracted specialists in close consultation with local non-governmental organisations, namely the Gibraltar Ornithological and Natural History Society (GONHS).

Significant achievements accomplished in Gibraltar to date which are relevant to the Birds Directive include: 
• The classification of the Rock of Gibraltar and the Southern Waters of Gibraltar as Special Protection Areas (SPAs) and Special Areas of Conservation (SACs). 
• Establishing a general scheme of protection for all wild birds under the Nature Protection Act in line with Article 5 of the Birds Directive.
• Species Action Plans for the Lesser Kestrel, European Shag, Peregrine Falcon, Barbary Partridge and the Eagle Owl as elaborated in the Gibraltar Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) produced by the GONHS.
• Expansion of the terrestrial nature reserve extent specifically a 36.85% increase from 2013 to 2019.",,"Metropolitan UK
General information provided on the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) website: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-1373
General information provided on the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (Northern Ireland) website: https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/articles/special-protection-areas

Gibraltar
Bensusan, K.J. & Perez, C.E. (2003). A Conservation Action Plan for MOD sites in Gibraltar: Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. GONHS. 
Cortes, J.E. (1978). Conservation – A Future?  Semi ­ natural Nature Reserve, Gibraltar:  A Management Plan.  Gibraltar Ornithological Society. 
Cortes, J.E, (1996).  Windmill Hill Flats:  a good view of migration across the Straits of Gibraltar.  Almoraima 15:163-184.
Cortes, J.E., Finlayson J.C., Garcia, E.F.J., Mosquera, M.A.J., (1980). The Birds of Gibraltar. The Gibraltar Bookshop.
Environmental Action & Management Plan (2012). Government of Gibraltar. [online] Available at: https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/1/15/Environmental_Action_&_Management_Plan_2013.pdf.
Gibraltar Bird Reports (2006 - 2017). Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. [online] Available at: https://www.gonhs.org/ (available via the News & Info tab – Bird Reports).
Gibraltar Nature News (2006 – 2018). Bi-annual Publication. Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society. [online] Available at: https://www.gonhs.org/ (available via the News & Info tab – Nature News).
Nature Protection Act 1991. [online] Available at: http://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1991-11o.pdf.
Perez, C.E. (2013-2018). Reports on the Conservation of Terrestrial Flora & Fauna in Gibraltar (2012). Wildlife (Gibraltar) Ltd.
Perez, C.E. & Bensusan, K. J. (2005). Upper Rock Nature Reserve A Management and Action Plan. Gibraltar: The Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS). [online] Available at:
https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/1/15/Upper_Rock_Nature_Reserve_Management_Action_Plan.pdf.
Perez, C.E.  (2006). Biodiversity Action Plan, Gibraltar: Planning for Nature. Gibraltar: Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS). [online] Available at: http://mail.gonhs.org/documents/BiodiversityActionPlan2006web.pdf.
Department of the Environment, Heritage and Climate Change. 2019. Gibraltar Marine Reserve Management Plan. Available from: https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/uploads/documents/environment/publications/Gibraltar_Marine_Reserve_Management_Plan.pdf.
Department of the Environment, Heritage and Climate Change. 2019. Gibraltar Nature Reserve Management Plan. Available from: https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/uploads/documents/environment/publications/Gibraltar_Nature_Reserve_Management_Plan.pdf.","Metropolitan UK
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC):  http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-162.
The three national reviews of the UK SPA Network are available via http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-7307.
The third network review reported to Ministers in October 2016 (http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-7309).  The formal objective was to “review the current UK network of terrestrial and coastal Special Protection Areas (SPAs) in order to ensure that UK obligations under Article 4 of the European Union’s Directive on the conservation of wild birds (Council Directive 79/409/EEC, as amended) (‘the Birds Directive’) are met”.  Identification of fully marine SPA is now complete, and many sites are classified, with the remainder having been consulted upon. Decisions on designations will be made shortly. 
The Review assessed network-scale changes between the 1990s (as reported in 2001) and the 2000s.
Statistics used in section 9 derive from that network review and relate to just the totals of each species’ SPA suite – those SPAs selected for each relevant species.  It is not the total of qualifying and non-qualifying occurrences within the network as a whole – this latter statistic is not possible to generate.  The SPA suite totals are thus presented as minimum values only. 
The Joint Nature Conservation Committee, in collaboration with Scottish Natural Heritage, Natural England, Natural Resources Wales and the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (Northern Ireland) has undertaken extensive survey and data collection to identify important aggregations of seabirds and waterbirds. 
There have been 14 marine SPAs that have been either designated or extended since 2013.  In England: Northumberland Marine; Greater Wash; Falmouth to St Austell Bay; Flamborough & Filey Coast; Poole Harbour; Outer Thames Estuary; Dungeness, Romney Marsh & Rye Bay; Morecambe & Duddon Estuary, and Hamford Water.  In Wales: Anglesey Terns, Skomer, Skokholm and the Seas off Pembrokeshire; Irish Sea Front and North Cardigan Bay.  In both England and Wales: Liverpool Bay.

Further information about SPAs in each of the UK’s countries can be found at:
Scotland: http://www.snh.gov.uk/protecting-scotlands-nature/protected-areas/international-designations/spa/
Wales: http://lle.gov.wales/catalogue/item/ProtectedSitesSpecialProtectionAreas/?lang=en 
England: https://designatedsites.naturalengland.org.uk/ 
Northern Ireland: https://www.daera-ni.gov.uk/articles/special-protection-areas 

Gibraltar
Gibraltar currently has two sites within the Natura 2000 network, namely the Rock of Gibraltar and the Southern Waters of Gibraltar. Both of these sites have been designated as dual SPA/SACs. 

Copies of the latest Standard Data forms can be downloaded from the following links:
• Rock of Gibraltar, UKGIB0001:
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/ProtectedSites/SACselection/n2kforms/UKGIB0001.pdf.
• Southern Waters of Gibraltar, UKGIB0002:
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/ProtectedSites/SACselection/n2kforms/UKGIB0002.pdf.

By way of background, the Rock of Gibraltar, and in particular the Gibraltar Nature Reserve: Upper Rock is mostly dominated by a dense cover of maquis, with some garrigue, and these habitats include many important fruit-bearing shrubs that support large passerine populations during passage periods and in winter (Heath et al. 2000). The slopes of the Rock also serve as a staging site for large numbers of passerine and near-passerine migrants. Most migratory western European species can occur at Gibraltar during the northward or southward migration periods (Cortes 1996). In addition, many migratory birds of prey and storks congregate at the Strait of Gibraltar on their way towards their wintering grounds in Africa. When westerly winds blow across the Strait, Gibraltar itself sees the majority of raptor passage during both the pre-nuptial (northerly) and post-nuptial (southerly) migrations and most of these birds fly directly over the Rock of Gibraltar SPA/SAC. 

The Southern Waters of Gibraltar SPA/SAC are also located on an important migration route for seabirds. Many species stop over and feed within the marine SPA/SAC during their migratory journeys and some, such as the Cory’s Shearwater, forage in the marine SPA/SAC whilst breeding. Other species rely on the SPA/SAC during the winter in variable numbers depending on weather conditions.","Metropolitan UK
Key multi-species monitoring schemes for birds in the UK include:
• Wetland Bird Survey (non-breeding waterbirds) - http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/webs 
• Goose and Swan Monitoring Programme (non-breeding geese and swans) - http://monitoring.wwt.org.uk/goose_and_swan.php 
• Rare Breeding Birds Panel - http://www.rbbp.org.uk 
• Breeding Birds Survey (common breeding birds) – http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/bbs
• Waterways Breeding Bird Survey (common breeding birds of waterway habitats) - http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/wbbs 
• Constant Effort Sites Scheme (productivity assessment) - http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/ringing/surveys/ces 
• Ringing Scheme (movements and survival) - http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/ringing/ringing-scheme 
• Nest Record Scheme (productivity assessment) - http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/nrs 
• Scottish Raptor Monitoring Scheme (birds of prey in Scotland) - http://www.scottishraptorstudygroup.org/srms.html 
• Seabird Monitoring Programme (breeding seabird numbers, productivity and survival) - http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-1550 
• Seabird census programmes - http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-4461 
• National Beached Bird Survey (monitoring seabird mortality)
• Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (monitoring of pesticide and other pollution residues) https://wiki.ceh.ac.uk/display/pbms/Home 
• National Game Bag Census (bag records from shooting estates) - http://www.gwct.org.uk/research__surveys/wildlife_surveys_and_ngc/national_gamebag_census_ngc/default.asp 
• Avian Influenza monitoring - http://www.defra.gov.uk/animal-diseases/a-z/bird-flu/ 

There are an additional range of single species monitoring programmes not listed here.  Information on more general environmental monitoring programmes in the UK – many of which include birds – can be found at http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3713

Gibraltar
Gibraltar has long been known as a key location for observing the migration of birds. In more recent times, the location of the Rock of Gibraltar has been used to research the migration of raptors, seabirds and passerines and near-passerines. Observations from Gibraltar have contributed to a long list of publications on bird migration in the region (e.g. Bernis, 1980; Telleria; 1981; Finlayson & Cortes 1987; Finlayson, 1991; Cortes, 1996; Alectoris Reports, GONHS Bird Reports, etc).

The Ministry for the Environment relies on the data collected by the non-governmental organisation the Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society (GONHS), which continuously assesses which Annex I or regularly occurring migratory bird species occur in Gibraltar. Ornithological research within GONHS is co-ordinated by the Strait of Gibraltar Bird Observatory. This is divided into monitoring and research of passerines and non-passerines, with emphasis on the migration of passerines, seabirds and raptors and an annual passerine ringing programme. The GONHS has a database of records dating back to the 1960's and publishes an annual account of avian records in Gibraltar, including those within the Rock of Gibraltar and the Southern Waters of Gibraltar, which is available online [http://www.gonhs.org/records.htm].

Since the creation in 1987 by the Gibraltar Ornithological & Natural History Society of the Strait of Gibraltar Bird Observatory, observations have increasingly become more systematic. Between 1987 and 1992 regular observations were made of seabirds passing Europa Point, an observation point overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. Between 1987 and 1990 regular transects were made of Windmill Hill Flats to record grounded migrants (Cortes, 1996). Bird of prey observations have also been made regularly, in particular since 1987. From 1991 to the present there has been an increase in bird ringing studies, with contributions to the Piccole Isole project and the European Science Foundation (ESF) programme on Palaearctic-African migrants.

Methods
Observations of birds of prey are carried out from well-established points in the Rock of Gibraltar SPA/SAC, overlooking the Straits during the northward passage and overlooking the Isthmus to the North during the southward passage. Bird ringing takes place at the Jews' Gate Field Centre with the Upper Rock Nature Reserve. Ringing is carried out on days of suitable weather from February to June and August to November every year.

Information gathered by the Strait of Gibraltar Bird Observatory is vastly contributing to increasing the knowledge of bird migration and ecology in the wider region of the Straits of Gibraltar.","Metropolitan UK
Information regarding the protection of species (Articles 5-8), which includes international conventions and agreements, conservation listing, priority species, protected areas, surveillance and monitoring, indicators, reporting, and advice can be found here:
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-1742 
The Partnership against Wildlife Crime http://www.defra.gov.uk/paw/ is a key mechanism for establishing inter-organisational priorities in tackling illegal acts against birds and other wildlife.
Also - Partnership against Wildlife Crime in Scotland - http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Environment/Wildlife-Habitats/paw-scotland/ 
Partnership for Action Against Wildlife Crime in Northern Ireland –
https://www.wildlifecrimeni.org/

Gibraltar
A comprehensive Surveillance Programme operated by the DEHCC and the local non-governmental organisation GONHS, ensures that both SPAs are routinely monitored. In terms of legislation, the Nature Protection Act (NPA) 1991 provides a strict regime that adequately protects all bird species in Gibraltar. The NPA transposes all the relevant obligations of the Birds Directive amongst other applicable legislative instruments.","Metropolitan UK 
Information regarding the transposition of the Directive into UK legislation can be found here: http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-1373

Gibraltar
Nature Protection Act 1991, last amended 5.12.2013.
Legal text available at: http://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1991-11o.pdf",276,37663.67,16014.31,138,21649.36,01-09-2018,182,43.6,113,58.7,Bird Atlas 2007-11: The Breeding and Wintering Birds of Britain and Ireland,2013,"http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/birdatlas  
Balmer, B., Gillings, S., Caffrey, B., Swann, R., Downie, I. & Fuller, R.J.  2013.  Bird Atlas 2007-11: the breeding and wintering birds of Britain and Ireland.  British Trust for Ornithology, Thetford, UK.  720 pp.

Information about previous bird atlases in the UK is at http://www.bto.org/volunteer-surveys/birdatlas/about/history-atlases",Birds of Conservation Concern 4,2015,"https://britishbirds.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/BoCC4.pdf                                                                                                                                                      
Eaton, M.A., Aebischer, N.J., Brown, A.F., Hearn, R.D., Lock, L., Musgrove, A.J., Noble, D.G., Stroud, D.A. & Gregory, R.D.  2015.  Birds of Conservation Concern 4: the population status of birds in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man.  British Birds 108: 708-746."
HU,"Területi védelem
Magyarországon a madárvédelmi irányelv I. mellékletén szereplo fajok közül 73 fordul elo rendszeres állománnyal, továbbá 28 olyan, az I. mellékleten nem szereplo, vonuló életmódú faj állománya van jelen rendszeresen az országban, amelyek legfontosabb élohelyei különleges madárvédelmi területként kerültek be a Natura 2000 hálózatba. Hazánkban 56 különleges madárvédelmi terület van, összes kiterjedésük 13 746 km2, ami az ország 14,8 %-át teszi ki. 
A Natura 2000 hálózatra is érvényes általános természetvédelmi szabályokat a természet védelmérol szóló 1996. évi LIII. Törvény határozza meg, míg a Natura 2000 területekre vonatkozó speciális rendelkezéseket az európai közösségi jelentoségu természetvédelmi rendeltetésu területekrol szóló 275/2004 (X. 18.) kormányrendelet (a továbbiakban: Natura kormányrendelet) részletezi. Az európai közösségi jelentoségu természetvédelmi rendeltetésu területekkel érintett földrészletek listáját és térképét a 14/2010 (V. 8.) KvVM rendelet (a továbbiakban: KvVM rendelet) tartalmazza.
A Natura 2000 hálózat muködtetését és fenntartását nagymértékben segítette, hogy megjelent az Európai Mezogazdasági Vidékfejlesztési Alapból a Natura 2000 területek fenntartási terveinek készítéséhez nyújtandó támogatás igénybevételének részletes szabályairól szóló 43/2012. (V. 3.) VM rendelet, amelynek alapján a jelentési idoszak elso felében, majd a természetvédelemért felelos tárca költségvetési forrásaiból az idoszak második felében készültek Natura 2000 fenntartási tervek. Bár nem kötelezo a fenntartási tervek készítése a Natura 2000 területekre, Magyarország mégis több ilyen tervet készített, hogy segítse a két irányelv megvalósítását. Ezek jellemzoen ugyan nem a különleges madárvédelmi területekre készültek, hanem a különleges természetmegorzési területekre, de az átfedések miatt ez a különleges madárvédelmi területek kezeléséhez és megorzéséhez is hozzájárult. Jelenleg az 56 különleges madárvédelmi területbol 13 területre áll rendelkezésre elfogadott fenntartási terv, 7 terület esetében pedig teljes átfedés tapasztalható a különleges természetmegorzési és madárvédelmi területek között, amikre fenntartási terv is készült. A különleges természetmegorzési területekre elkészült 312 fenntartási terv között számos további olyan is van, amelyek részben átfednek a különleges madárvédelmi területekkel. A tervek készítésének folyamata jó lehetoséget  nyújtott az egyes Natura 2000 területek természetvédelmi céljainak és az ott folytatandó kezelésnek az egyeztetésére a gazdálkodókkal és más érintettekkel, ezáltal javította a Natura 2000 területek elfogadottságát is. Számos terület esetében pedig különbözo egyéb tervezési dokumentumok tartalmazzák az intézkedéseket. A kifejezetten a Natura 2000 területek kezelésére vonatkozó információkat tartalmazó fenntartási tervek mellett a nemzeti jog alapján védett természeti területek kezelési terveibe is beépülnek a tervek átdolgozásakor, illetve új tervek készítésekor a Natura 2000 szempontok.
A különleges madárvédelmi területeken foganatosítandó terület-specifikus intézkedések megvalósítása érdekében számos természetvédelmi, valamint más, a természeti eroforrásokat, a jelölo fajokat és élohelytípusokat befolyásoló ágazat jogszabályaiba beépültek a Natura 2000 területek védelmének szempontjai. Az egyes Natura 2000 területekre vonatkozó területspecifikus eloírásokat a hatóságok az engedélyezési eljárások során, a jogszabályi eloírások alapján a hatósági határozatokban határozzák meg, amelyek betartása kötelezo. További, terület-specifikus kötelezettségeket tartalmazhatnak egy-egy területre vonatkozó egyedi jogszabályok, hatósági intézkedések, illetve egyedi földhasználati szerzodések.
A hazai Natura 2000 gyepterületek természeti állapotának fenntartása érdekében kihirdettük a Natura 2000 gyepterületek fenntartásának földhasználati szabályairól szóló 269/2007. (X. 18.) Korm. Rendeletet, amelyben a kaszálás, legeltetés és ezekhez kapcsolódó tevékenységek szabályozása található. A körzeti erdotervek elsosorban az erdogazdálkodás tervszeruségét hivatottak meghatározni, nem elsosorban a természetvédelmi tervezésre irányulnak, de az erdok tekintetében olyan alapveto terveknek tekinthetok, melyek a természetvédelmi vonatkozások beépítése nélkül nem adhatók ki.
A Natura 2000 területek kezelése a támogatási programok segítségével
A Natura 2000 gyepterületek földhasználati szabályozása a jó gazda gondosságát várja el a földhasználótól. Az eloírások többek között a gyepfelszín megorzését, az inváziós fajok megtelepedésének megakadályozását és bizonyos fajvédelmi célú iránymutatásokat (madárbarát kaszálási mód, kaszálatlan foltok hagyása stb.) tartalmaznak. A Natura 2000 hálózat céljainak megfelelo földhasználati rendszer kialakításában célunk az, hogy a minimális szintu kötelezo érvényu szabályozás és a szélesköru, a gazdálkodók önkéntes természetvédelmi célú vállalásaira alapozott támogatási rendszer egyensúlyát megteremtsük. A támogatási rendszer második szintjét és fontos pillérét ennek megfeleloen az önkéntes agrár-környezetgazdálkodási célprogramoknak és a kapcsolódó, beruházás jellegu földhasználati intézkedéseknek kell képezniük.
A muvelés alatt álló Natura 2000 területeken a közösségi jelentoségu természetes élohelytípusok, valamint a vadon élo állat- és növényfajok megóvását és a gazdálkodás lehetoségének egyideju biztosítását a vissza nem térítendo, kompenzációs támogatások teszik lehetové. A Natura 2000 területekre speciális földhasználati eloírások is vonatkoznak, melyek betartása többletköltséget, illetve bevételkiesést jelenthet a gazdálkodók számára, de biztosítják az érintett területen a természeti értékek megóvását. A támogatások célja a fenti jogszabályi eloírások betartásából származó többletköltség, valamint bevételkiesés kompenzációja a gazdálkodók számára. Jelenleg Magyarországon kompenzációs kifizetés erdoterületeken és gyepterületeken pályázható, a kötelezettségvállalás mindig egy évre szól.
A 2014-2020-as idoszakban a Vidékfejlesztési Programban a Natura 2000 gyepterületen gazdálkodók 69 eurónak megfelelo forint összeg/ha/év kifizetésben részesülhetnek, aminek alapján 2019. február 10-ig 14,74 Mrd forintot fizettek ki. Magántulajdonban lévo Natura 2000 erdok után az igényelheto vissza nem térítendo támogatás összege 41-231 eurónak megfelelo forint összeg/hektár/év, aminek alapján 2019. február 10-ig 18,78 Mrd forintot fizettek ki. 
A támogatási rendszer fenti két bekezdésben ismertetett kötelezo eloírásokat és azok ellenszolgáltatásaként kifizetett kompenzációkat tartalmazó elso szintje mellett a második szintet az önkéntes agrár-környezetgazdálkodási célprogramok és a kapcsolódó, beruházás jellegu földhasználati intézkedések képezik. A széles körben igénybe vett agrár-környezetgazdálkodási kifizetések keretében a Natura 2000 területrol kérelmet benyújtó gazdálkodók a pontozási rendszerben elonyöket élveznek (a támogatási pontok közel 10 %-át a Natura 2000 érintettség okán kapják). Az agrár-környezetgazdálkodási program keretében meghirdetett zonális tematikus eloíráscsoportok vállalása esetén területtípustól és eloíráscsoporttól függoen a gazdálkodók maximálisan 183-439 euró/ha/év támogatásban részesülhetnek.
A vízterületek és vizes élohelyek megorzését Magyarország kiemelten kezeli, ezért az erre vonatkozó rendelkezések elsosorban a természetvédelmi, halgazdálkodási és vízgazdálkodási jogszabályokban általánosan, a magyarországi vízterületekre, vizes élohelyekre, vízhez kötodo élolényekre vonatkozóan kerültek szabályozásra.
A vizes élohelyek megorzését a jogi szabályozáson túl hazánk különbözo típusú támogatásokkal is ösztönzi. A közvetlen természetvédelmi célt szolgáló élohelyfejlesztési beruházásokon túl az Európai Mezogazdasági Vidékfejlesztési Alap Éghajlatváltozással és agrár-környezetvédelemmel kapcsolatos vízvédelmi célú beruházások megvalósítására elkülönített keretébol a termoföldek vízjárta és belvizes részein, a muvelés felhagyására és vizes élohelyek kialakítására, illetve fejlesztésére pályázhatnak a gazdálkodók. A Natura 2000 területrol kérelmet benyújtók a pontozási rendszerben elonyt élveznek. A Magyar Halászati Operatív Program – illeszkedve a környezeti szempontból fenntartható, eroforrás-hatékony, innovatív, versenyképes és tudásalapú halászat elomozdítása címu uniós prioritáshoz – támogatja a Natura 2000 területeken folytatott természetkímélo halgazdálkodást.
Természetvédelmi fejlesztési beruházások
A 2014-2020 idoszakban megvalósuló természetvédelmi fejlesztések szakmai megalapozásaként Országos Natura 2000 Priorizált Intézkedési Terv (Natura 2000 Prioritised Action Framework) készült, amely rögzíti a Natura 2000 területek megorzésével, valamint az élohelyvédelmi és a madárvédelmi irányelvek hatálya alá tartozó fajok és élohelyek természetvédelmi helyzetének javításával kapcsolatos prioritásokat és stratégiai célkituzéseket, meghatározza a szükséges beavatkozásokat, továbbá azonosítja az eloirányzott feladatokhoz illeszkedo uniós finanszírozási eszközöket. 
Az érintett programok közül kiemelkedo jelentosége van a 2014-2020 idoszakra szóló Környezeti és Energiahatékonysági Operatív Programnak (KEHOP) (a kevésbé fejlett régiókat érintoen), illetve a Versenyképes Közép-Magyarország Operatív Programnak (VEKOP) ahol az érintett fejlesztések önálló prioritástengelyben jelennek meg, és ezek indikátorai azonosak az intézkedési tervben számszerusített célkituzésekkel. A két operatív program keretében együttesen összesen 92 természetvédelmi projekt megvalósítása zajlik, több mint 100 ezer hektár védett, illetve Natura 2000 területet és számos barlangi helyszínt érintve, összesen 37,78 Mrd Ft értékben. A fejlesztések eredményeként az érintett területeken javulnak a közösségi jelentoségu fajok és élohelyek megorzésének, természetvédelmi kezelésének, monitorozásának és bemutatásának feltételei.
A hazai kezelésu uniós források mellett a természetvédelmi fejlesztések finanszírozásában tradicionálisan kimagasló szerepe van az Európai Bizottság által kezelt LIFE programnak. A 2013-2018 idoszakban 9 db hazai beadású, LIFE Természet és Biodiverzitás pályázat nyert összesen 20,4 millió euró uniós támogatást. Emellett folytatódott a megvalósítása számos, 2013 elott indult projektnek. Továbbá Magyarország a 2013-2018 idoszakban társult kedvezményezettként vett részt számos - szintén a Környezetvédelmi alprogramon belül indított - külföldi beadású LIFE projektben. Ezek közül több kifejezetten madárvédelmi projekt volt (például a parlagi sas, a túzok és a kék vércse védelmére), és szintén több olyan projekt, amelyek élohely-rekonstrukciós tevékenysége különleges madárvédelmi területen folyt, vagy azokon kívül segítette a madárvilág védelmét is. 2018-ban a ragadozómadarak védelmét szolgáló Helicon LIFE projekt nyerte el az Európai Unió Natura 2000 díját a természetvédelmi kategóriában.
További információk a LIFE projektekrol: http://termeszetvedelem.hu/life-program
http://www.lifepalyazatok.eu/
A közösségi jelentoségu természeti értékek hosszú távú megorzését és fejlesztését, valamint az EU Biológiai Sokféleség Stratégia 2020 célkituzéseinek hazai szintu megvalósítását megalapozó stratégiai vizsgálatok (KEHOP-4.3.0-VEKOP-15-2016-00001) címu projekt öt projektelemébol a Natura fejlesztési elem célja az uniós természetvédelmi (élohelyvédelmi és madárvédelmi) irányelvek mellékletein szereplo, úgynevezett közösségi jelentoségu madárfajok, egyéb állatfajok és élohelytípusok természetvédelmi helyzetét meghatározó módszerek fejlesztése, az ezt megalapozó adatok minoségének javítása. Ennek keretében a 2017. október 1 és 2020. december 31 idoszakban számos madárvédelmi tevékenység valósult és valósul meg. A négyéves felmérési idoszak során több mint 600 darab 2,5×2,5km-es UTM négyzet felmérését végzik el a madármegfigyelok, kimondottan azon helyekre és fajokra koncentrálva, melyek eddig Magyarországon hiányosan voltak feltárva. Az eredmények már most nagymértékben hozzájárultak ahhoz, hogy az országjelentésben pontosabb adatokat tudtunk szolgálni az egyes fajokról. A madarakra nézve az egyik legjelentosebb veszélyezteto tényezo az elektromos szabadvezetékekkel való ütközés. A projekt feladatai között szerepel az országos elektromos vezetékhálózat kritikus szakaszainak felderítése, madárvédelmi megoldások kidolgozása és továbbfejlesztése, valamint az áramszolgáltatókkal való hatékony kommunikáció, illetve együttmuködés kialakítása.
Akadálymentes Égbolt Megállapodás
2008. február 26-án írta alá a természetvédelemért felelos tárca, a Magyar Madártani és Természetvédelmi Egyesület valamint az érintett hálózati engedélyesek az Akadálymentes Égbolt megállapodást, amelyhez a késobbiekben több szakmai szervezet és cég is csatlakozott. Az önkéntes Megállapodásban a részes felek elkötelezik magukat a védett madarakat éro áramütés és vezetéknek ütközés által okozott természetvédelmi kár leheto legkisebb mértékre való csökkentése mellett. A program eredményei között kiemelendo, hogy a hálózati engedélyesek vállalták, az épülo új elektromos szabadvezetékeket minden esetben a madárvilág biztonságát figyelembe véve építik meg. Korábbi idoszakokban épült, madarakra veszélyes vezetékek madárbaráttá alakítása terén több országrészben is zajlottak nagyszabású projektek a vezetékek madárbarát átalakítására. 2018-ig összesen 3446 km hosszú vezetékszakaszon történt meg az oszlopfejek szigetelése (áramütés elleni védelem), 120 km hosszú légkábelt cseréltek le földkábellel és 2724 láthatóság-növelo eszközt helyeztek ki az ütközéses balesetek csökkentése érdekében. Gyakorlatilag teljesen sikerült felszámolni a problémát a Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park belso törzsterületein, a Borsodi Mezoség Tájvédelmi Körzetben és a Hevesi Füves Puszták Tájvédelmi Körzetben. 2016-ban készült el az az átfogó tanulmány, amely muszaki rajzokkal és a madarak szempontjából biztonságot jelento paraméterek megadásával segíti a tervezok és a hatóságok munkáját. Az anyaghoz többek között az MME szakértoi is hozzájárultak munkájukkal",,http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/index.php?pg=menu_2090,http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/index.php?pg=menu_2090,"http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/nbmr
https://www.mme.hu/madarmonitoring","http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/index.php?pg=menu_544
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/index.php?pg=menu_1555",http://www.njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=86484.234202,56,13746,13746,0,0,31-12-2018,56,100,20,35.7,,,,"Nagy G. G., Czirák Z., Schmidt A. (2019): Vörös lista Magyarország fészkelo madárfajairól (Hungarian red list for breeding birds). Aquila",2019,No
EE,"Eesti Natura 2000 võrgustik koosneb 66 linnualast ja 541 loodusalast. Pisut alla poole Natura aladest asub meres ja Eesti maismaa territooriumist on Natura 2000 aladega kaetud 17 protsenti. Natura 2000 võrgustiku alasid kaitstakse vastavalt looduskaitseseadusele kaitsealade, hoiualade, püsielupaikade või üksikobjektidena. Aladele on kehtestatud kaitserežiim ja kaitseladele ning püsielupaikadele alaspetsiifilised kaitse-eeskirjad. Lisaks koostatakse alapõhised kaitsekorralduskavad neile aladele, mis vajavad aktiivseid kaitsemeetmeid. Üldised kaitse-eesmärgid on kehtestatud ala kaitse alla võtmise määruses ja neid täpsustatakse kaitsekorralduskavades, kus on määratletud täpsed kvalitatiivsed ja kvantitatiivsed eesmärgid. Üleriigilised kaitse-eesmärgid on sätestatud liigikaitse tegevuskavades ja elupaikade tegevuskavades. Kaitse-eeskirju uuendatakse, et need vastaksid kaitse-eesmärgiks olevate liikide ja elupaikade ökoloogilisele nõudlusele. Kaitsekorralduskavad koostatakse tavaliselt 10 aastaks ja uuendatakse seejärel perioodiliselt. Üleriigilised liigitegevuskavad on kinnitatud 34 loodusdirektiivi liigile (lisaks on koostatud tegevuskava eelnõud veel 53 liigile) ja 17 linnudirektiivi I lisa  liigile (lisaks eelnõud veel 17 liigile). Elupaikade tegevuskavad on koostatud pool-looduslikele kooslustele ja kaitstavatele soodele.","The Natura 2000 network in Estonia consists of 66 SPAs and 541 SCIs/SACs. About half of the Natura 2000 network territory is marine and about  17% of terrestrial territory of Estonia belongs to network. The Natura network has been considered as sufficient for the conservation of all Annex I habitat types and Annex II species of Habitats Directive as well as for the Annex I species and migratory species of Birds Directive. 
Natura 2000 sites are protected nationally by the Nature Conservation Act as protected areas, limited-conservation areas, species’ protection sites or individual protected natural objects. The sites have protection regime and most of the sites have site-specific protection rules. Additionally, there are management plans for the sites that need active conservation measures. General conservation objectives are determined in the act by which the site was taken under protection. The objectives are specified in management plans, where the quantitative and qualitative conservation objectives are determined. National conservation objectives are determined in the national action plans for protected species and management plans for habitats. The acts for protected sites are updated to ensure they meet the ecological demands of the habitats and species that are the conservation objectives of that act. Area based management plans are usually drawn up for 10 years and therefore require periodic updates. Nation-wide action plans are drawn up for 34 species of Habitats Directive (draft action plans are prepared for 53 species) and for 17 Bird Directive Annex I species (draft action plans are prepared for 17 species). Habitat based management plans are compiled for semi-natural grasslands and protected mire habitats.",https://www.envir.ee/et/natura-2000,http://register.keskkonnainfo.ee/envreg/main#HTTP7zmIP1Ln3rreyBjYSytoAPSJvudLgX,https://www.keskkonnaagentuur.ee/et/seire,"https://www.envir.ee/et/liigikaitse
https://www.envir.ee/et/liigikaitse-tegevuskavad","Nature Conservation Act: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/114112018008
Hunting Act: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/106072018012
Environmental Monitoring Act: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/122122018011
Environmental Supervision Act: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/114032014049
Planning Act: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/akt/112122018016",66,12682,6166,26,6516,04-07-2019,66,100,47,69,"Elts, J., Kuus, A. & Leibak, E. (2018) Linnuatlas. Eesti haudelindude levik ja arvukus. Eesti Ornitoloogiaühing, Tartu",2018,https://www.eoy.ee/ET/4/linnuatlas/,"Eesti liikide ohustatuse hindamine: Linnud: sigivad, talvituvad ja läbirändavad asurkonnad. (draft will be published 2020)",2019,EELIS (Eesti Looduse Infosüsteem - Keskkonnaregister): Keskkonnaagentuur
