# Phare12_CHAR

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Ostoja obejmuje ca³e jezioro Jezierzyce oraz teren miêdzy tym jeziorem a Jeziorem Myœliborskim, z mokrad³em i fragmentem lasu.


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Ostoja obejmuje podziemia tworz¹ce system korytarzy na przestrzeni oko³o 10 km (miêdzy Kêszyc¹ na pó³nocy a Boryszynem i Staropolem na po³udniu) 30 m pod powierzchni¹ ziemi, d³ugoœæ korytarzy oko³o 30km; zimowisko nietoperzy - 20-30tys. osobników; w po³udniowej czêœci podziemi (woj. zielonogórskie) kolonie lêgowe M. myotis.


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Drzewostany bukowe na morenie czo³owej o bogatej rzeŸbie, g³êbokie w¹wozy i jary; buki 26-30m;:


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Silnie zró¿nicowany kompleks biocenoz leœnych i torfowiskowych. Wœród zespo³ów leœnych najciekawsze s¹ stare naturalne olsy. Wystêpuj¹ tu ró¿ne typy œródleœœnych bagien, zarastaj¹ce potorfia i jeziorka.


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Jest to rynna polodowcowa o kierunku po³udnikowym. W poczatkowej strefie brzegi rzeki s¹ p³askie, piaszczyste, poroœniête lasem sosnowym, dalej na pn. rzeka meandruje wœród utworów strefy marginalnej, gdzie wysokie zalesione pagórki przypominaj¹ krajobraz górski. Jeszcze dalej rzeka przecina morenê denn¹; tu brzegi s¹ p³askie i poroœniête murawami. W prze³omowej dolinie wystêpuj¹ zbiorowiska leœne i mozaikowo wkomponowane zespo³y roslin szuwarowych, l¹k trawiastych i muraw kserotermicznych, naturalne lasy liœciaste - gr¹dy i olszyny bagienne;:


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Las mieszany z fragmentami buczyny karpackiej i bogatym runem, polo¿ony w wid³ach Szprotawy i Bobru


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A lake complex surrounded by Pinus forests - Tarnowska Pristine Forest - and arable fields. The group of 12 lakes range in size from 2 ha to 817 ha (S³awskie Lake) and between 6% and 37% of their surface are covered with Phragmites and Typha. Some of lakes are mesotrophic, most eutrophic. Vegetation type covered lakes surface also covers large parts of the lakes shores. Many kilometers of S³awskie Lake shoreline is overbuilt for recreational purposes.


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P³aski teren po³o¿ony na glebach torfowych.


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A complex of three eutrophic lakes surrounded by forests: Chobienickie (230ha with 3 islands), Wielkowiejskie (78ha) and Kopanickie (c. 70ha). The average water depth is 1.8m and the total area of reeds associated with the lakes is ca. 35ha. All are typical eutrophic lakes.


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Szlamiste, okresowo zalewane dno stawu rybnego.;


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Ostojê stanowi piaszczysto-¿wirowate dno rowu odwadniaj¹cego rozleg³y kompleks ³¹kowo-pastwiskowy. Pod³o¿e mineralne, miejscami zawiera niewielkie iloœci osuwaj¹cego siê torfu. Poziom przep³ywaj¹cej, w lecie, wody nie przekracza kilka do kilkunastu centymetrów.


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kompleks lesny z kilkoma zbiornikami po³o¿ony na pd.-wsch. od Krosna Odrzañskiego


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Ostoja po³o¿ona jest w po³udniowej czêœci Pojezierza Lubuskiego, na terenie sandru Pliszki. Obejmuje rynnê Gry¿yñskiego Potoku z 11 polodowcowymi jeziorami, kompleksem stawów "Grabina" i licznymi Ÿród³ami zboczowymi. Krawêdzie rynny porasta las. Nachylenie zboczy siêga 60 stopni a ró¿nice wysokoœci trzydziestu kilku metrów. Na terenie ostoi wystepuj¹ liczne formy kemow-wytopiskowe. Ten stosunkowo niewielki obszar pokrywaj¹ liczne zespo³y roœlinne: wodno-bagienne, torfowiskowe, ³¹kowe, leœne i zaroœlowe.


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Jezioro z wysp¹ w otoczeniu borów sosnowych Puszczy Rzepiñskiej.


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Piaszczysty brzeg stawu z pionierskimi zbiorowiskami, okresowo podtopiony, wysychaj¹cy latem.


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Ostoja obejmuje najciekawszy przyrodniczo fragment doliny Ilanki z Jeziorem Pniów. Ma ona zró¿nicowany charakter. Na odcinku bli¿szym miasta Torzymia szerokoœæ doliny siêga 1 km. Rzeka meandruje tu wœród torfowisk niskich (ich ³¹czna powierzchnia wynosi ok. 90 ha), jednych z najlepiej zachowanych na Ziemi Lubuskiej. KrawêdŸ doliny jest wysoka, poroœniêta borami sosnowymi. Pod³o¿e torfowisk jest silnie podtopione, na znacznej jego czêœci wystêpuje ruchome p³o. Torfowiska od wielu lat nie s¹ u¿ytkowane. Brzegi Jeziora Pniów s¹ niedostêpne, poroœniête zbiorowiskami z klas Phragmitetea i Potamogetonetea (szuwar trzcinowy, pa³kowy i turzycowy). Dalej wzd³u¿ rzeki dolina zwê¿a siê; Ilanka p³ynie tu w¹wozem o mocno nachylonych œcianach - przypomina tu rzekê górsk¹. Otaczaj¹ j¹ w¹skim pasem lasy ³êgowe, miejscami przechodz¹ce w ols. Do Ilanki wpada w tym miejscu kilka strumieni, maj¹cych Ÿród³a w krawêdziach doliny. Znaczna powierzchnia terenu wokó³ rzeki pociêta jest w¹wozami, których zbocza (nachylone nawet do 60 stopni) poroœniête s¹ lasem bukowym. Na obszarach Ÿródliskowych obficie wystêpuj¹ w¹trobowce.


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Jest to typowe torfowisko przejœciowe, powsta³o w wyniku wyp³ycenia i wype³nienia torfem zbiornika wodnego z ograniczonym dop³ywem i odp³ywem wód powierzchniowych. Centralna, ok. 200 ha, czêœæ zajmuje torfowisko odkryte, a na obrze¿ach znajduj¹ siê zaroœla wierzbowo-brzozowo-olchowe i lasy ³êgowe. Torfowisko przecinaj¹ dwa kana³y o szerokoœci 2 m - pozosta³oœæ ubieg³owiecznych melioracji, zaœ mniejsze rowy ca³kowicie wype³ni³ torf. Teren ma charakter podtopionego nieu¿ytku - fragmenty niegdyœ u¿ytkowane jako ³¹ki obecnie nie s¹ koszone.


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Kompleks lasów sosnowych miêdzy Lubskiem, Brodami i Trzebiel¹, z niewielkimi jeziorami.


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Rzeka BrzeŸniczanka to niewielki dop³yw Bobra. Jej koñcowy odcinek przep³ywa przez lasy (bory) obrêbu Miodnica.


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Duze jezioro z wyspami otoczone lasami, g³ównie borami sosnowymi.


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21 ponds. The area of ponds ca 250ha. Most of the ponds are overgrown by reeds (Phragmites communis, Typha angustifolia, Typha latofolia, Glyceria aquatica). The area of reeds ca 30 ha, up to 20% of whole area of ponds. The areveage depth of the ponds 1 m. The other haitats - fields, meadows and woods - ca 150ha.


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nieuregulowana rzeka p³yn¹ca w¹sk¹ dolin¹ poœród lasów g³ównie borów sosnowych


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piwnica gorzelni w Wêgorzewie, obserwacja z 1994r - DSN;


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Rather uniform area situated in the interfluve of Noteæ and Warta rivers, which is a part of Toruñ - Eberswald proglacial accumulation transformed by wind. It is the largest in Poland area of inland dunes, mostly 20 - 30 m high, maximum to 98 m. a. s. l. In the central part of the area they form ramparts of N - S direction, lying 500 - 600 m apart. In the east part they have a parabolic shape. Dunes are covered by uniform, even aged forests dominated by pine (92%), planted here after the great disaster caused by out-breaks of noxious insects in the mid-war period. The remnants of natural stands are protected eg. in the Cegliniec nature reserve. The site includes over 50 lakes, rather shallow, mostly of a melt-out origin, generally of a thick layer of ooze, and algal blooms. There are also peat-bogs in area depressions or on lake shores, mostly more or less destroyed.


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rozleg³e torfowiska na dawnej terasie Warty;:


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kompleks leœny (nadl. Sarbia) z przewag¹ drzewostanów sosnowych;


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du¿e jezioro (g³. 41m, 877ha) po³o¿one w g³êbokiej rynnie, o nieregularnej linii brzegowej, ze skarpami do 30 m, pociêtej licznymi parowami i w¹wozami poroœmiêtymi lasami z du¿ym udzia³em starych buczyn; w obni¿eniach w pobli¿u potoków wpadaj¹cych do jeziora krajobraz urozmaicaj¹ bagna i torfowiska;


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It is a complex of three eutrophic lakes situated in basin of the previous Rgielskie lake, which are to different extent becoming overgrown with rush vegetation. There are also some old peat-pits in the area. Some part of the area is occupied by willow thicket. The lakes are surrounded by meadows and fields.


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The site lying in the Noteæ river valley includes two complexes of fish-ponds (carp and trout farming) and Osiek Meadows. Ostrówek ponds fed by Rob¿onka river and situated in the northern part occupy ca 300 ha, of which 100ha are reed beds and reedmace (Typha sp.) beds. Smogulec ponds in the southern part are fed by Kcyninka river. Osiek Meadows are wet and boggy, partly overgrown with shrubs, bushes and single trees.


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rozlewisko rzeki Cieszynki i jez. Wielki (M³yñski) Staw;:


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w du¿ej czeœci bory sosnowe, ponadto lasy liœciaste i mieszane;


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Ostoja obejmuje jeziora: Kopcze, Bobrowo, Kocio³ek, Proboszczowskie, Bagienne, Piaseczno i P³onie, które s¹ jeziorami eutroficznymi o g³êbokoœci od 2 do 12 m oraz Jezioro Czarne - s³abo dystroficzne - ph 7.5 - 8.7;:


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Jest to kompleks leœny w pó³nocnej czêœci bardziej podmok³y z dominuj¹c¹ olch¹ i brzoz¹; w pozosta³ej czêœci przewa¿a sosna. W lesie mo¿na spotkaæ stare pomnikowe dêby. Kompleks przecinaj¹ liczne cieki, z których najwiêkszy to £obzonka, Œmiardówka, Wielki Smólsk, Bielsko i inne mniejsze.


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Ostoja obejmuje fragment kompleksu leœnego na zachód od Trzcianki, drzewostan w wiêkszej czêœci sosnowy. RzeŸba terenu jest urozmaicona szeregiem wzniesieñ i w¹wozów; poœród lasu wystêpuje kilka niewielkich jezior.


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A part of the Noteæ river valley between Wieleñ and mouth of Gwda river. The principal habitats are flood meadows, fens with many channels, ditches, former river-bed areas, and water-filled peaty hollows. Parts of the area are overgrown with bushes and trees. Meadows are intensively utilized.


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wilgotne, torfiaste ³¹ki; tu i ówdzie zakrzaczenia;


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Fragmenty umocnieñ Wa³u Pomorskiego; podziemna czêœæ linii fortyfikacyjnej zbudowana przez Niemców w latach 1935 - 1938 - kompleks korytarzy i komor 10 - 12 m pod ziemi¹ o ³¹cznej d³ugoœci ok. 500 m;


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niewielki kompleks lesny z d¹browami, po³o¿ony na wsch. od Krajenki, przez który przep³ywaj¹ rzeczki G³onia i Kocuñ;


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torfowisko niskie, po³o¿one nad Zalewem Jastrowickim z roœlinnoœci¹ reliktow¹;


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piwnice wykorzystywane przez nietoperze jako schroniska zimowe;


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It is an area with diversified landscape, extensive woods, numerous lakes (the largest is Charzykowskie Lake), marshes, peat bogs, picturesque river valleys. Forests (covering about half of the area) are mainly pinewoods (large pine monocultures). As a result of man's activity Bory Tucholskie have lost their primeval character; however they stil include fragments of almost all forest communities characteristic of Central European Lowlands. Their best preserved fragnents are included in forest reserves. Water, marsh, and peat bog vegetation is well preserved. Characteristic feature of the area are mid-forest distrophic lakes. Ostoja po³o¿ona jest na rozleg³ym piaszczysku sandrowym, usytuowanym na po³udnie od wa³u moren czo³owych ostatniego pomorskiego stadia³u zlodowacenia ba³tyckiego. Jest to obszar m³odoglacjalny o ró¿norodnej dobrze zachowanej roœlinnoœci, przede wszystkim wodnej, bagiennej i torfowiskowej. Na terenie ostoi znajduje siê rozleg³y sandr Brdy - sto¿ek nap³ywowy usypany przez rzeki wyp³ywaj¹ce z bram lodowcowych ostatniego l¹dolodu. Najbardziej charakterystyczn¹ cech¹ krajobrazu ostoi s¹ rynny polodowcowe, które po ust¹pieniu l¹dolodu wype³ni³y siê wodami. Powierzchniê sandrow¹ urozmaicaj¹ równie¿ liczne wytopiska, zwykle w kszta³cie lejków i kocio³ków, wype³nione obecnie torfami, deluwiami i wodami. Na terenie ostoi mo¿na znaleŸæ ró¿ne typy jezior i mniejszych zbiorników wodnych (np. jeziora rynnowe, jeziora lobeliowe, dystroficzne zbiorniki zwane sucharami itd.)


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Jezioro w terenie w wiekszoœci odlesionym. Na stromych brzegach luŸne zadrzewienia i zabudowania wiejskie. Na ni¿szym brzegu jeziora osrodek wypoczynkowy.


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Typowy obszar m³odoglacjalny, obejmuj¹cy w wiêkszoœci ja³owe piaski, ale z silnie rozwiniet¹ sieci¹ wodn¹ (wody zajmuj¹ ok. 14% powierzchni). Wyj¹tkowo liczne jeziora - rynnowe, lobeliowe, suchary (dystroficzne); w sumie ok. 60 jezior; najwiêksze Charzykowskie - 1363 ha zaœ najg³êbsze Ostrowite - 43 m. Lasy (ok. 70% obszaru) to g³ównie bory œwie¿e ale tak¿e bagienne i suche; wystêpuj¹ te¿ gr¹dy, lasy bukowo-dêbowe. ³êgi i olsy. Liczne s¹ torfowiska. Grunty orne, ³¹ki i pastwiska pokrywaj¹ ok. 15% terenu. Ostojê odwadnia rzeka Brda wraz ze swymi licznymi dop³ywami, z których najwa¿niejszym jest Zbrzyca. Wiele rzek charakteryzuje du¿y spadek i silny pr¹d. Wœród jezior liczne s¹ jeziora przep³ywowe po³¹czone z systemem wodnym Brdy; sporo jest jezior oligotroficznych i mezotroficznych, nieliczne s¹ eutroficzne, a torfowiskom towarzysz¹ dystroficzne. RzeŸba terenu ostoi jest urozmaicona, wystêpuj¹ tu wysoczyzny i rozleg³e wzórza, liczne pagórki oraz doliny i rynny.


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Torfowisko wysokie i przejœciowe nad zarastajacym jeziorem.


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The site includes Lake Gop³o, its environs and the group of Skulskie Lakes (Skulskie, Skulska Wieœ, Czartowo). Gop³o jest d³ugim - 25 km - jeziorem polodowcowym o p³askich i niezalesionych brzegach, z rozleg³ymi po³aciami szuwarów trzcinowych. Po³o¿one na nim wyspy zajmuj¹ ³¹cznie 25 ha i wiele z nich jest tak¿e zajêtych przez szuwary. W s¹siedztwie jeziora wystêpuj¹ podmok³e ³¹ki, a tak¿e pola orne i niewielkie lasy. Jezioro jest eksploatowane przez rybaków. Odwiedzaj¹ je tak¿e wedkarze i ¿eglarze.


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It is a complex of 14 smaller ponds (a few ha each) and one large (130ha) situated in Noteæ river valley. Ponds are overgrown in 5 - 60%, mostly with reed and reedmace beds. In surroundings there are wet meadows (hay-meadows and pastures) and riparian alderwoods. Ponds are filled with water only from April to October.


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Piwnice i podziemia zamku w Œwieciu nad Wis³¹.


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Zatorfiona dolinka, od po³udnia otoczona wzgórzami morenowymi; poprzecinana rowami melioracyjnymi;


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Ostoja jest po³o¿ona w doœæ szerokiej czêœci doliny ma³ej rzeki o nazwie G¹sawka. Tworzace j¹ bagna pozostaj¹ w ró¿nym stopniu sukcesji: od otwartych, mokrych, zatorfionych ³¹k, terenów podmok³ych z licznymi torfiankami, a¿ po niewiellkie bagniste lasy. W zachodniej czêœci ostoi znajduj¹ sie stawy rybne o ³¹cznej powierzchni ok. 300 ha.


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Ostoja przyrody obejmuje tereny o krajobrazie m³odoglacjalnym, z du¿¹ liczb¹ form polodowcowych, takich jak rynny glacjalne wype³nione wod¹, moreny czo³owe i jeziora - oczka. Teren poroœniêty jest borami sosnowymi z domieszkami dêbu, olszy i jesionu, a tak¿e gr¹dami, œwietlistymi d¹browami i lasami ³êgowymi.


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It is a fragment of the previous Bydgoszcz Forest, greatly changed by man;


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It is a part of Drwêca river valley, situated between Brodnica and a road crossing the valley, leading from Jajkowo to G³êboczek, together with the low stretches of Brynica and Samionka rivers and Sopieñ lake. The valley is 0.6 - 3.0 km wide, occupied by marshes and hay-meadows, cut by network of ditches, with numerous oxbow-lakes. The river bed has a natural character; the river is strongly meandering, in early spring - it floods, forming large "rozlewiska". Vegetation is diversified; except for meadow vegetation there occur sedge beds and reed beds as well as small woods in Salix thickets. Wody rzeki na granicy III klasy czystoœci.


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These are two small marshy areas - complexes of peat-holes (20 - 200sqm) where the depth of water varies from 0.5 - 1m. Waters of Marak Marsh are drained by a large ditch to Brynica stream and those of Kotownica Marsh by Okalewka river to Skrwilno Lake and Skrwa river. Large fragments of marshes are overgrown with dense Salix sp. thickets. Marshes are surrounded by cultivated fields, meadows and orchards.


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Na uznanym za ostojê odcinku rzeka Osa meandruje w w¹skiej dolinie. Dominuj¹ lasy a miejscami spotyka siê ³¹ki i pastwiska.


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Obszar leœny z licznymi jeziorami i zag³êbieniami bezodp³ywowymi przeciêty granic¹ pomiêdzy wzgórzami moreny czo³owej fazy kujawskiej stadia³u poznañskiego a po³o¿onymi na po³udnie od nich równinnymi polami sandrowymi. W ukszta³towaniu terenu pó³nocnej czêœci wyró¿niaj¹ siê doliny rzeczne Górznianki i Branicy z prze³omowym odcinkiem tej ostatniej, o deniwelacjach do 50m. Dominuj¹ bory mieszane i œwie¿e oraz lasy liœciaste. Doœæ du¿e powierzchnie zajmuj¹ olesy, lasy ³êgowe i zaroœla wierzbowe. Mezotroficzne jeziora œródleœne otoczone s¹ przez zbiorowiska mszarno-turzycowe i szuwarowe.


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It is the upper part of Orzyc river valley, from its sources to the road Janowo-M³awa. A river valley containing marshy meadows, areas overgrown with willows, numerous peat hollows, fragments of Alnus forest, and reedbeds. Some parts of the valley is utilized as hay-meadows and pastures.


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It is a stretch of M³awka river valley between M³awa and Szreñsk. The river valley is dominated by hay-meadows, some of which are partly owergrown with bushes. There is also a complex of fishponds (90 ha) and some Alnus and Quercus/Carpinus afforestation. The surrounding areas include arable fields and some settlement.


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Obszar zarastajacych torfowisk near Pietrzyk river; an area of wet meadows and pastures with Salix thickets and hollows left after peat-winning


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Kompleksy bagien i torfowisk z zarastaj¹cymi jeziorami, zaroœla i lasy, podmok³e uroczyska lesne w ³uku rzeki Wel. Rzeka p³ynie malownicz¹ dolin¹ przez tereny z ró¿norodn¹ rzeŸb¹ polodowcow¹. Jedno z jezior - Neliwa - bêd¹ce ostoj¹ Najas marina, ma charakter eutroficzny i podlega procesowi l¹dowacenia; otoczone lasem klonowo-lipowym i lasem mieszanym. Zlewnia jeziora ma charakter rolniczo-leœny. Od po³udnia strome zbocze poroœniête gr¹dem, od zachodu usypana grobla ograniczaj¹ca p³at olesu. Dno jeziora w znacznej czêœci pokrywa zagro¿ony zespó³ Charetum tomentosae, w brze¿nych partiach szuwary i trzcinowiska. G³êbokoœæ jeziora 1.5m.


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A forested area containing mature Alnus, Quercus/Carpinus and Pinus stands.


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Fragment dobrze zachowanego ³êgu nadrzecznego bêd¹cego ostoj¹ wielu gatunków ptaków typowych dla lesistych dolin rzecznych.


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Teren pagórkowaty, porosniêty lasami mieszanymi i borami sosnowymi.


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Naturalny krajobraz doliny rzecznej z bogat¹ szat¹ roœlinn¹ i awifaun¹.


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The site includes rather compact forests with dominating Pinus sylvestris, numerous lakes and ponds. The area is distinguished by unique glacial relief with dunes. Forests occupy ca 60% of the area. Particularly differentiated is aquatic and peat-bog vegetation.


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The site includes Rakutowskie Lake with seasonally flooded Carex meadows and a small forest complex formed by alder-ash carrs. The lake (300 ha in area) is rather shallow (average depth 2.5 m). It is fringed by a broad belt (100-150m) of Schoenoplectus, Typha and Phragmites. Changes in area of water table amount to 60 - 70 ha. The lake has rich aquatic vegetation, both submerged and floating. Large area is occupied by Chara meadows.


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Zbiornik zaporowy o powierzchni ok. 7040 ha, uruchomiony w 1970 roku. D³ugoœæ zbiornika wynosi ok. 60 km, charakteryzuje siê znacznymi wahaniami przep³ywów i poziomów wody, powierzchnia zalewu zmienia siê codziennie w zale¿noœci od rytmu pracy elektrowni szczytowych. Cofka zbiornika zaczyna siê przy zaporze we W³oc³awku i siêga a¿ do P³ocka zajmuj¹c prawie ca³¹ dolinê Wis³y w granicach dawnej terasy zalewowej.


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Dawna g³êbsza zatoka Jeziora Bia³ego, odciêta obecnie pasem torfowisk. Brzegi s¹ silnie zabagnione. Dno wyœciela gruba warstwa osadów organicznych. G³êbokoœæ ok. 2 m. Szeroki pas obszarów szuwarowych.


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The site includes a stretch of the Bzura River between £êczyca and Sobota with the Borów fish-pond complex. The average width of valley is 2 km; it is a peaty area covered by a mosaic of sedge beds and meadow vegetation. There is a dense network of drainage ditches. Not numerous small water bodies are overgrown with reedmace bed. The Bzura River bed is channalized, straight and deep, water is strongly polluted. There are no riparian woods and shrubs along the river. Patches of strongly drained willow scrub and alder woods occur among meadows.


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Niewielkie jezioro œródleœne g³êbokoœci 3 m z bogat¹ roœlinnoœci¹ w obrêbie ca³ej misy.:


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Wiêkszy fragment torfowisk z zasolonymi pok³adami torfu, gdzie w do³ach potorfowych wystepuj¹ rzadkie roœliny s³onolubne.


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Bory sosnowe i sosnowo-œwierkowe (fragment dawnej Zielonej Puszczy Kurpiowskiej) wraz z przylegajacymi dolinami Omulwi od zachodu i Rozogi od wschodu.


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It is one of the largest forest complexes in the region of Mazowsze, situated between Bug and Narew rivers. Most important rivers in the area are: Brok, Struga, Truche³ka, Turka and Wymarkacz - tributaries of Narew and Bug. Forests occuring in the form of a few more or less dense complexes cover most of the area. They have now purely productive character. An area dominated by dry, medium aged pinewoods, with locally distributed Quercus/Carpinus, Fraxinus/Alnus, and Alnus stands. Some fragments of forest vegetation have preserved almost natural character. There are also meadows and Salix thickets in stream valleys, and two small fish-pond complexes.


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Stanowisko Pulsatilla patens, rosn¹cej kêpkami po kilka okazów w lesie (oddzia³y 263, 268, 272 i 289);


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Stanowiska Pulsatilla patens rosn¹cej kêpkami po kilka okazów w oddz. 43, 52, 92;


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kompleks leœny, miejscami podmok³y; resztka Puszczy Kurpiowskiej;


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It is a complex of ponds lying close to each other (na pod³o¿u torfowym) surrounded by meadows (podmok³e) which in immediate vicinity of water are covered by Salix sp. The open surface of waters is ca. 90ha, the remaining 60ha (in the northern part) is overgrown with Phragmites communis and Typha latifolia. There are also some small islands with Alnus glutinosa and Betula sp.


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Dolina rzeki nizinnej (Biebrzy) i jej dop³ywów (E³k, Jegrznia). Teren ogólnie p³aski o pod³o¿u torfowym lub pochodzenia torfowego, urozmaicony mineralnymi wzniesieniami pochodzenia eolicznego; na warunki przyrodnicze badrzo istotnie wp³ywaj¹ coroczne wylewy Biebrzy. A mosaic of open and scrub areas covered sedge fens and grasslands occupying the central part of the Biebrza valley which was partially drained in the nineteenth century. There are two extensive areas of wet Betula forest, together with fragments of Alnus/Picea forest and Pinus bog forest. A number of areas next to the river are subjected to spring floods.


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Fragmenty zbiorowisk leœnych po³o¿one w dolinie Biebrzy, w kompleksie rozleg³ych bagien, pomiêdzy Jegrzni¹, Biebrza i Netla. Ostoja obejmuje czêœæ rozleg³ego wyniesienia (mineraln¹ wyspê) z wierzcho³kami wydm piaszczystych otoczonych torfowiskami. Jej œrodkow¹ czêœæ zajmuj¹ lasy lisciaste o charakterze gr¹du, z³o¿one z dêbu, lipy, grabu, œwierka z domieszk¹ klonu i jesionu. W miejscach obni¿onych i wilgotnych znajduj¹ siê olsy i ³êgi jesionowo-olszowe, a na ich obrze¿ach wilgotny las mieszany z du¿ym udzia³em œwierka. Na niewielkich powierzchniach w zag³êbieniach miêdzywydmowych spotyka sie bór ³ochyniowy. Ponadto stwierdzono tu murawy kserotermiczne i oligotroficzne.


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A river valley containing fens preserved in a natural state which form an area 30 long and 5 - 12 km wide. There are also wide belts of alluvial plains with numerous oxbow lakes. Vegetation is dominated by tall sedges with riverine reedbeds merging into moss/sedge fens and area overgrown with bushes.


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Stare forty w Osowcu z podziemiami, które w du¿ej czeœci s¹ zniszczone. Fort Osowiec I - w dobrym stanie znajduj¹ siê 3 odcinki o ³¹cznej d³ugoœci 150m, Fort Osowiec II - ogólna d³. korytarzy szacowana na ok. 600m. Nietoperze w obydwu fortach zasiedla³y przede wszystkim niewielkie nisze, spêkania i szczeliny w œcianach i suficie.


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W¹ska (maksymalnie 1200m), g³êboko wciêta w wysoczyzny dolina nizinnej rzeki Narwi; pod³o¿e g³ównie mineralne, miejscami du¿e fragmenty o pod³o¿u torfowym; teren p³aski - 98.5 - 102m npm otoczony wysoczyzn¹ siêgaj¹c¹ ponad 148m npm; na charakter teren, uklad gleb jak i bogat¹ roœlinnmoœæ silnie wp³ywaj¹ coroczne wylewy Narwi. Szata roœlinna ostoi jest bardzo urozmaicona; bezpoœrednio obok siebie wystêpuje tu roœlinnoœæ wodna, szuwarowa, ³¹kowa, zbiorowiska turzycowo-mszyste, a tak¿e murawy napiaskowe i kserotermiczne. WyraŸna jest specyficzna strefowoœæ roslinnoœci w poprzek doliny. Wiêksze obszary leœne, o charakterze olsów i ³êgów, spotyka siê tylko we wschodniej czêœci omawianego terenu. Na stokach doliny wystêpuj¹ miejscami œwietliste d¹browy, a nad nimi p³aty gr¹dów.


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Piwnica dawnego browaru obecnie u¿ywana jako przechowalnia warzyw.


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Zmeliorowane w latach 60tych torfowisko; teren p³aski o pod³o¿u torfowym mineralne wyniesienia, z których najwy¿sze siêga 116;


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Dolina nizinnej rzeki, pod³o¿e mineralne, tylko na niewielkich skrawkach, g³ównie przy zbiornikach wodnych torfowe. Murawy, ³¹ki koœne, pastwiska, zadrzewienia (g³ównie nasadzenia sosnowe).


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Równina zandrowa o pod³o¿u mineralnym (piaski), na znacznych obszarach pod³o¿e torfowe oraz pochodzace z przesuszonych torfowisk; teren stosunkowo p³aski; lokalnie wystêpuj¹ wyniesienia pochodzenia eolicznego. Wiekszosæ drobnych cieków tego terenu jest wyprostowana w wyniku zabiegow melioracyjnych. Teren ten zajmowa³a ongiœ Puszcza Kurpiowska, do dziœ zachowa³y siê tylko jej fragmenty. W sumie pokrywaj¹ one ok. 30% terenu. S¹ to silnie przekszta³cone lasy, g³ównie monokultury sosnowe, ale istniej¹ te¿ dobrze zachowane p³aty naturalnych zbiorowisk leœnych: borów sosnowych brusznicowych i czernicowych, borów mieszanych i olsów. Pozosta³y obszar pokrywaj¹ ³¹ki pastwiskai pola uprawne; liczne dawniej mokrad³a pokrywaj¹ u¿ytki zielone, w niewielu miejscach zachowa³y sie resztki torfowisk, a tak¿e p³aty szuwarów i turzycowisk.


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dolina niedu¿ej rzeki nizinnej - Pisy, liczne meandry, pod³o¿e g³ównie mineralne;


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Brzeg podmok³ej, bagnistej, zatorfionej doliny Biebrzy;


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Brzeg podmok³ej, bagnistej, zatorfionej i szerokiej doliny Biebrzy.


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Brzeg podmok³ej, bagnistej i zatorfionej doliny Biebrzy;


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Stosunkowo ma³e, na ogó³ dwukondygnacyjne bunkry w okolicy Lipska, Kamiennej Nowej i Kamiennej Starej, o d³ugoœci korytarzy do 30 m. Mopki wystepuja g³ównie w dolnej kondygnacji.


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Ostoja obejmuje polsk¹ czêœæ Puszczy Bia³owieskiej. Charakteryzuje j¹ du¿y udzia³ naturalnych zbiorowisk leœnych i wiêksza w stosunku do innych polskich i europejskich kompleksów leœnych, ró¿norodnoœæ lasów, ¿yznoœæ lasów i zasobnoœæ drzewostanów. Teren porosniêty lasem jest p³aski, ma³o urozmaicony, wysokoœci wzglêdne rzadko przekraczaja 10m, a jedynie w oasie wzgórz morenowych ok. 30m. G³ównym ciekiem odwadniajacym ostojê jest Narewka, dop³yw Narwi, zbieraj¹ca wody ze œrodkowej i pó³nocnej czêœci Puszczy. W ostoi dominuj¹ lasy liœciaste i mieszane (ok. 60% pow. ostoi - gr¹dy, d¹browa œwietlista, ³êgi olszowo-jesionowe i olsy), odznaczajace siê warstwowoœci¹ wielogatunkowego i ró¿nowiekowego dzewostanu. Ponadto spotyka siê tu bory (38%) oraz, bêd¹ce wyrazem wielowiekowej dzialalnoœci cz³owieka na tym terenie, polany, osady leœne, ci¹gn¹ce siê wzd³u¿ rzek puszczañskich ³¹ki koœne, system dróg, œcie¿ek i kolejek w¹skotorowych, a tak¿e zrêby, poletka ³owieckie i ¿wirownie.


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BPN le¿y w centralnej czêœci Puszczy Bia³owieskiej w wid³ach rzek HwoŸnej i Narewki. Obejmuje on prawie w ca³oœci terasy akumulacyjne HwoŸnej i Narewki, jedynie w po³udniowo-wschodniej czêœci znajduje siê fragment wysoczyzny morenowej. Flora szacowana jest na 3.5 tys. gatunków, w tym 632 gatunki roœlin naczyniowych z czego 437 to gatunki rodzime, pozosta³e dosta³y siê tu wskutek dzia³alnoœci cz³owieka. Spoœród roœlin ni¿szych stwierdzono na terenie parku m. in. 250 gatunków porostów, 80 gatunków w¹trobowców, 81 œluzowców oraz ponad 2000 grzybów w tym 430 kapeluszowych i 115 ¿agwiowatych. W BPN roœnie 26 gatunków drzew, drzewostany s¹ pochodzenia naturalnego - nie by³y sadzone przez cz³owieka. Cechuje je wielowiekowa i wielopiêtrowa struktura oraz najczêœciej ró¿nogatunkowy sk³ad. Drzewa iglaste (œwierk i sosna) stanowi¹ niespe³na 40% drzewostanów, reszta przypada na drzewa liœciaste. Faunê parku szacuje sie na prawie 10000 gatunków w tym 44 gatunki ssaków a 120 ptaków lêgowych. Z rezerwatu œcis³ego BPN znamy obecnie 183 kurhany œredniowieczne. S¹ tu liczne œlady po mielerzach oraz liczne drzewa bartne.


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Teren ostoi jest lekko pofalowany, z dwoma d³ugimi i w¹skimi wyniesieniami, osi¹gajacymi ok. 2m wys. wzglêdnej. Ca³oœæ poroœniêta jest lasem. W W czêœci dominuje gr¹d miodnikowy z bogatym florystycznie runem. W S czêœci spotyka siê d¹browê œwietlist¹, zaœ N, E oraz œrodkow¹ czêœæ zajmuj¹ bory, a w tej ostatniej wystêpuje tak¿e zatorfione obnizenie.


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rozleg³e torfowisko poroœniête borem œwierkowym oraz fragment zatorfionej doliny rzeki Narewki;


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Fragment Puszczy Bia³owieskliej z kilkoma dobrze wykszta³conymi zbiorowiskami borów, w obrêbie jednego z wiêkszych zgrupowañ wyniesieñ wydmowych, przekraczaj¹cych miejscami 6 m wysokoœci wzglêdnej. Na tym terenie wystêpuje pewne znieksztalcenie w zbiorowiskach spowodowane prowadzeniem gospodarki leœnej przed utworzeniem tu rezrwatu. Wyrazem tego s¹ wystêpuj¹ce w wielu miejscach m³odniki powsta³e na powierzchni zrêbów gniazdowych i zupe³nych. Flora odznacza siê obecnoœci¹ gatunków kserotermicznych. W pó³nocno-wschodniej czêœci ostoi wystêpuje na niewielkiej powierzchni gr¹d miodnikowy.


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Silnie rozcz³onkowany kompleks leœny, którego wiele fragmentów zachowa³o naturalny charakter. Osobliwoœci¹ Puszczy s¹ liczne Ÿródliska, istnieje tu oko³o 450 wyp³ywów wód podziemnych w postaci Ÿróde³, m³ak i wysiêków. G³ówn¹ rzek¹ Puszczy jest Supraœl, dop³yw Narwi, niewielkie jej fragmenty odwadniane s¹ przez systemy wodne rzeki Biebrzy oraz rzeki Nietupy, dop³ywu Niemna. RzeŸba terenu jest bardzo zró¿nicowana, deniwelacje wzglêdne dochodz¹ tu do 80 m. Doliny rzek obecnie w wiêkszoœci osuszone, zajête s¹ przez torfowiska niskie i przejœciowe. W Puszczy dominuj¹ drzewostany iglaste zajmuj¹c oko³o 80% powierzchni ca. 20% deciduous and swampy stands. Najwiêksze powierzchnie poroœniête s¹ przez bory brusznicowe, sosnowo-œwierkowe bory mieszane œwie¿e i trzcinnikowo-sosnowe bory mieszane œwie¿e. Lasy liœciaste Puszczy to przede wszystkim gr¹dy, a w dolinach rzecznych ³êgi (jesionowo-olszowe, olszowo-œwierkowe), olsy i sosnowo-brzozowe lasy bagienne. Przewa¿aj¹ dzrewostany w wieku 40 - 70 lat. Tereny odlesione zajmuj¹ pola uprawne, ³¹ki i pastwiska oraz osiedla ludzkie. The area is used for intensive forestry. It is drained by Supraœl river with its tributaries. Osobliwoœci¹ Puszczy Knyszyñskiej jest wspó³istnienie obok siebie zbiorowisk subborealnych (gr¹d Tilio-Carpinetum, las mieszany wysoczyznowy Melitti-Carpinetum) oraz zbiorowisk o charakterze podgórskim (gr¹d szczyrowy Aceri-Tilietum). Tu przebiegaj¹ granice zasiêgów œwierka Picea abies, dêbu bezszypu³kowego Quercus sessilis. Z obszaru Puszczy znane s¹ 774 gatunki roœlin wy¿szych, 154 gatunków ptaków, 12 gatunków ssaków ³ownych i 16 drobnych ssaków.


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Teren pofalowany, nachylony ogólnie w kierunku zachodnim, poroœniêty lasami, g³ównie borami sosnowo-œwierkowymi (Calamagrostio-Piceetum, Calamagrostio-Pinetum, Corylo-Piceetum, Vaccinio vitis-ideae-Pinetum). Ostoja obejmuje te¿ nieckowate zag³êbienie wype³nione torfem, obrze¿e którego zajmuje torfowcowo-brzozowy las bagienny Sphagno-Betuletum pubescentis.


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Rozleg³y kompleks lasów bagiennych wystêpuj¹cych w dolinie rzeki Supraœl. G³ówn¹ czêœæ stanowi torfowisko zasilane wodami wyp³ywaj¹cymi z wysoczyzny morenowej, poroœniête lasem. Teren ten charakteryzuje siê wysokim poziomem wody gruntowej. W po³udniowej czêœci wystêpuje bezleœne torfowisko oraz wyniesienia z niezwykle interesuj¹c¹ roœlinnoœci¹.


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Rozleg³e torfowisko niskie i dolina strumienia Woronicza, poroœniêta lasami ³êgowymi i torfiastymi borami œwierkowymi. Otoczenie stanowia wyniesienia morenowe poroœniête borami i lasami mieszanymi. Torfowisko, z którego strumieñ bierze pocz¹tek, wykszta³ci³o siê w obni¿eniu wytopiskowym. W górnym biegu zasilany jest wodami wysiêkowymi z podnó¿y moren.


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Rozleg³y kompleks torfowisk bêd¹cych zatok¹ zatorfionej doliny rzeki Soko³dy, otoczon¹ z trzech stron wzniesieniami morenowymi; otwarte torfowiska niskie s¹ otoczone torfowiskami leœnymi z drzewostanem brzozowo-sosnowym z domieszk¹ œwierka.


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Ostoja obejmuje bagienny odcinek doliny Narwi, o d³ugoœci oko³o 40 km i szerokoœci 1 - 2 km, usytuowany miêdzy Sura¿em a ¯ó³tkami. Od Sura¿a do Rzêdzian dolina ma charakter naturalnej okresowo zalewanej doliny rzecznej, a Narew jest rzek¹ wielokorytow¹. Ten odcinek doliny pokrywa bardzo bogata mozaika siedlisk. A natural permanently flooded lowland river valley transected by a complex network of meandering channels. The vegetation is dominated by mixed stands of Glyceria and Phalaris, Carex meadows, and reedbeds/Salix thickets. The characteristic morphological feature of the valley is its division into widened sections, so-called basins, separated by narrow, water-gap like ones. Beside the marshy Narew valley, the site includes surrounding it morainic plateaus (raising 5 - 25m above the valley bottom). The river valley is mostly wasteland, while morainic plateau is agricultural land. Forest cover ca. 14% of the area.


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Obrze¿e doliny Bia³ej, na niewielkiej powierzchni Cirsietum rivularis; wiêksz¹ powierzchniê zajmuje Caricetum fusco-paniceae, Junco-Cynosuretum i Lolio-Cynosuretum;


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Rozleg³y kompleks podmok³ych ³¹k po³o¿onych w dolinie rzeki Nurzec, usytuowanych w górnym biegu rzeki miêdzy miejscowoœciami Kleszcze i Nurzec. Dawniej silnie zabagniony i corocznie zalewany teren, zosta³ osuszony w po³owie lat 50tych. £¹ki s¹ czêœciowo u¿ytkowane, czêœciowo opuszczone. Nieu¿ytkowane obszary zaczynaj¹ zarastaæ drzewami i krzewami.


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Ostoja obejmuje szerokie, kotlinowe rozszerzenie rzeczki Chwiszcznej, dop³ywu Leœnej, p³yn¹cej przez Puszczê Bia³owiesk¹. Dolina zajêta jest przez mozaikê zabagnionych obni¿eñ i suchszych wyniesieñ. W obni¿eniach - urozmaicone zbiorowiska wielkoturzycowe, niewielkie powierzchnie zajmuj¹ turzycowiska mszyste. Na wyniesieniach - wilgotne ³¹ki. 30% powierzchni jest u¿ytkowane rolniczo jako pastwiska i ³¹ki koœne. W najsilniej zabagnionej, po³udniowej czêœci doliny s¹ groble z jazem pozwalajacym utrzymaæ w³aœciwy poziom wody.


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It is a stretch of Narew river valley from dam in Bondary to Sura¿ together with a complex of ponds fed by Liza river (tributary of Narew), named "Pietkowo Ponds". Narew river bed has here a natural character, valley is 0.3 - 3 km wide, most of its area is covered by different rush communities, the occurence of which depends on river floods; there dominate szuwary turzycowe and sz. mannowy at oxbow lakes - small patches of trzcinowy szuwar. Along river there occur Salix sp. zadrzewienia. Forests occupy 5% of the valley area. 60% of the valley area is used for agricultural purposes; there prevail pastures and hay-meadows. The complex of ponds neighbours on vast mixed and deciduous forests to the west and south and on Narew valley - to the north and east. Ponds are strongly overgrown with rush vegetation; dominate - szuwar trzcinowy, smaller areas were occupied by szuwary turzycowe, pa³kowe i oczeretowe.


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Rozleg³a kotlina wys³ana grub¹ warstwa torfów, odwadniana przez rzeczki wpadaj¹ce do górnegobiegu Supraœli, przecinaj¹cej kotlinê w jej pn. czêœci. Wiêkszoœæ terenu jest obecnie osuszona, ale w wielu miejscach zachowa³y siê zabagnienia. W centralnej czêœci wystêpuj¹ torfowiska niskie, pokryte szuwarami - g³ównie turzycowymi, rzadziej trzcinowymi. W czêœci pd. znajduje siê du¿e torfowisko wysokie poroœniête borem bagiennym, a czêœciowo zajête przez mszar. Le¿y tu ma³e oligotroficzne jeziorko Gorbacz, drugie jeziorko - Wiejki znajduje siê we wschódniej czêœci niecki. Lasy, (g³ównie brzeziny bagienne) zajmuj¹ 20% terenu, rozpowszechnione s¹ tu równie¿ zakrzewienia wierzbowe.


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Jest to obszar torfowiskowy z oligotroficznym jeziorem Gorbacz, od strony wschodniej i pn.-wschodniej jeziora torfowisko niskie, w zachodniej wysokie. G³êbokoœæ jeziora od 0.4 do 1.2 m. The lake is at a stage of overgrowing.


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Bory sosnowe stanowiace pozosta³oœæ dawnej Puszczy Nurzeckiej;


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The site obtains the distrophic Obradowskie Lake, a large peatbog and small patches of woodland. The peat-bogs belong to three types: high, transition and low. The thicket communities are characterized by a dominance of willow and birch species accompanied with alder wood and marsh forest. Among vascular plants numerous rare and protected species were found. Out of 87 species of mosses (11 Sphagnum) and 15 liverworts epiphytes are represented by 6 mosses and 3 liverworts.


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Rzeka Bobrówka jest silnie meandruj¹cym ciekiem o naturalnym charakterze. S¹siaduj¹ce z dolin¹ rzeki Jezioro Czarne Goœcinieckie to zarastaj¹cy, dystroficzny zbiornik otoczony ko¿uchem torfowiskowym i szerokim pasem oczeretów.


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The site includes 260 km section of Bug river valley from the estuary of Krzna river to Zegrze Lake. Extensive dry pasture dominate the area; fens are mostly situated at the river mouths of tributaries to the River Bug and arround fragments of former riverbeds. the bed of the Bug is largely unaltered by man and there are numerous sandy islets, some bare and others overgrovn with Salix/Populus riverside forest and well developed Salix bushes alongside the Bug. The first inundated terrace of Bug abounds in oxbowlakes differing in size, depth and degree of overgrowing with aquatic vegetation.


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Starorzecze Bugu otoczone podmok³ymi ³¹kami i piaszczystymi wzniesieniami, które porastaj¹ murawy i las.


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Starorzecza Bugu z ³¹kami i fragmentami zadrzewieñ oraz kompleks ³êgu dêbowego o pierwotnym charakterze. Drzewostany dêbowe powy¿ej 140 lat. G³êbokie w¹wozy - wynik erozji wodnej - opadaj¹ ku Bugowi. W nich czêsto Ÿródliska daj¹ce pocz¹tek potokom sp³ywaj¹cym do starorzeczy.


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140 letni zwarty starodrzew dêbowy na wysokiej skarpie morenowej z bogatym urzeŸbieniem pochodzenia erozyjnego. U podnó¿a skarpy znajduje siê wywierzysko, z którego woda odp³ywa do rzeki. GnieŸdzi sie tu ponad 30 gatunków ptaków.


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Równina denudacyjna, stromo spadajaca ku terasie zalewowej Bugu - liczne w¹wozy erozyjne meandruj¹ce ku rzece (Szwajcaria Podlaska);


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Ostoja obejmuje dolny odcinek doliny Tyœmienicy, od stawu Siemieñ do ujœcia rzeki do Wieprza. Dolina jest zmeliorowana, zajmuj¹ j¹ wilgotne ³¹ki z pozosta³oœciami turzowisk, miejscami wystêpuj¹ zaroœla wierzbowe i olszyny. Znajduje siê tu kilka niewielkich kompleksów stawów, liczne torfianki i starorzecza oraz kompleks stawów w Siemieniu (790 ha), który sk³ada siê z dwóch du¿ych stawów i 12 ma³ych. W tym kompleksie 20% powierzchni duzych stawów i 40 - 50% wielu ma³ych zajête jest przez szuwary trzcinowe i pa³kowe. Otoczenie ostoi stanowi¹ tereny rolnicze


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Kompleks leœny oparty od zach. o Toczn¹. Tworz¹ go wielogatunkowe lasy liœciaste z dobrze zachowan¹ struktur¹ i sk³adem florystycznym. Doskona³e warunki dla ptaków z grupy dziuplaków.


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The site covers mid-field peatbog area with several shallow water bodies. Upon a small area a large trophic differentiation of habitats, water and soil conditions is observed. As many as 14 plant communities (3water communities) occur. Caricetum elatae occupies the largest area.


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Krasowe zapadlisko wype³nione torfem. Torfowisko przejœciowe poroœniête ³oz¹ z osik¹ i brzoz¹ orazotaczaj¹cy je Las Wólczyñski i skrawki pól uprawnych. Ostoja bejmuje tak¿e powsta³e sztucznie do³y potorfowe daj¹ce w sumie kilkadziesi¹t torfianek.


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starorzecze Krzny na E od Miêdzyrzecza Podlaskiego


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Ostoja obejmuje XIX-wiecznych budowli fortecznych (F I, "Cytadela", F III, F IIIa, F VIa, F IV, F IVa, F IIa, F Ia, F VIIIa, bunkier na Staro³êce, F IX, bunkier na Golêcinie, F IXa, F II) rozmieszczonych g³ównie poœród terenów zielonych Poznania. Stanowi¹ one miejsca zimowania nietoperzy.


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Ostoja obejmuje bagienny obszar. Powsta³ on w wyniku osuszenia rozleg³ego niegdyœ jeziora, do jakiego dosz³o w wyniku melioracji dorzecza rzeki Obry prowadzonych od koñca XVIIw., a tak¿e prac melioracyjnych prowadzonych na terenie samej ostoi jeszcze w latach 90. naszego stulecia. Ostoja ta jest rozleg³ym bagnem, z którego wy³aniaj¹ siê mniejsze lub wiêksze oczka wodne, otoczone przez ³¹ki koœne i pastwiska oraz niewielki fragment ³êgu jesionowo-wi¹zowego. Poziom wody oraz powierzchnia jej otwartego lustra zale¿ne s¹ od wysokoœci jej piêtrzenia jazem na rzece Mogilnicy. Bagienn¹ czêœæ ostoi zajmuj¹ szuwary, przede wszystkim trzcinowe i pa³kowe. Wystêpuje tu tak¿e niedu¿y, ale zwarty ³an szuwaru k³oci wiechowatej. Wœród zbiorowisk ³¹kowych najwiêksz¹ powierzchniê zajmuj¹ ³¹ki rajgrasowe, mniejsz¹ ³¹ki trzêœclicowe. Przy rowach melioracyjnych oraz wœród ³anów szuwaru wystêpuj¹ zaroœla; najczêœciej s¹ to ³ozowiska.


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Wilgotna ³¹ka na skraju jeziora oddzielona od niego pasem trzcin i oczeretów, zespo³y roœlinnoœci ³¹kowej i szsuwarowej z reliktowymi gatunkami;


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The widest part of the Middle Obra river valley, containing the three branches of the Obra which dissect the area east-west. The principal habitats are meadowland, marsh, marshy woods, ditches, peaty hollows, and mixed forest on the sandy post-glacial elevations. Except for the marshy ground, the area is intensively cultivated. Brak na tym terenie wiêkszych osiedli i rozwiniêtej sieci dróg.


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Grupa 1455 dêbów o obwodach od 2 do 9,5 m; najstarsze kilkusetletnie; 44 drzewa s¹ martwe; wystêpuj¹ca tu populacja kozioroga debosza ¿eruj¹c na dêbach niszczy je.


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Pasmo wzgórz morenowych wraz z p³askim polem sandrowym. Ods³oniête szczyty moren poroœniête s¹ roœlinnoœci¹ kserotermiczn¹.


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A meandering stretch of the River Warta's middle course near Poznañ. There are two major habitats: open flood - meadows and pasture with scattered, single, very old Quercus trees and semi-natural marshy-woodland. The grassland is intenively farmed. Part of the site was drained.


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Las lisciasty o bogatym w gatunki runie; w czêœci doœæ wilgotny;


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Wzgórze pokryte jednolitym, starym drzewostanem sosnowym. Jest ok. 100-letni suchy bór sosnowy na wydmie w ndl. Sowiniec, leœn. Grzybno. Na po³udniowym stoku goŸdzik roœnie w 2 skupiskach.


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Jezioro Kocio³ek - g³êbokie, dimiktyczne, w ostatnich latach zmienia siê z eutroficznego w mezotroficzne.


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Las sosnowy; w runie goŸdzik siny Dianthus caesius;


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The reserve on the border of the city of Poznañ. Miejsce upadku meteorytu ¿elaznego. Seven huge water filled meteorite craters are surrounded by wild oak-hornbeam forest once typical of the region but now seldom in Poland (las ³êgowy i gr¹dowy).


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Jezioro w Wielkopolskim Parku Narodowym; od wsch. brzegu przylega las.


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Jezioro w lasach Wielkopolskiego Parku Narodowego na brzegach szuwary i olszyny. Poœrodku jeziora kilka wysp.


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Naturalny bór sosnowy - na porêbach i piaszczyskach roœnie Astragalus arenarius.


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Ostoja le¿y na Pojezierzu S³awskim. Stanowi mozaikê ³¹k, jezior, pól ornych i lasów. Jest to jeden z najciekawszych fragmentów krajobrazu polodowcowego w Wielkopolsce. Rzeki i kana³y odwadniaj¹ce nale¿¹ do systemu wodnego Obry. Jeziornoœæ obszru wynosi ok. 6.5%, zaœ lesistoœæ 40%. Jeziora, a jest ich 24 o ³¹cznej powierzchni 1400 ha, s¹ jeziorami rynnowymi. Najwiêksze z nich to Jez. Przemêckie (240 ha) i Jez. Wieleñskie (220 ha). Teren porasta bór œwie¿y, bór œwie¿y mieszany, na brzegach jezior wystêpuj¹ drzewostany olchowe, brzozowe, bukowe i œwierkowe, a miejscami stare d¹browy. Some lakes are strongly overgrown with rush and marshy vegetation.


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Rozleg³e, wilgotne ³¹ki, gdzie roœnie krwiœci¹g - Sanguisorba officinalis - oraz brzeg jeziora o pod³o¿u piaszczysto-¿wirowym, okresowo podtapiany, a latem wysychaj¹cy, z pionierskimi zbiorowiskami.


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Okolice Jez. Drzeczkowskiego w dolnej czêœci tzw. "Zbiornika Wonieœæ".


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Torfowisko wywierzyskowe, niskie, po³o¿one w rynnie polodowcowej, zasilane w wody bogate w wapñ (wykszta³cone na pod³o¿u wapiennym) - wapno ³¹kowe by³o tu wydobywane w latach 20-tych. Warstwa mszysta dobrze rozwiniêta.


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A reservoir (777 ha maximum area, 12.8 km long, 200 - 300 m wide) formed in the rather narrow Wonieœæ valley, in area formerly occupied by five lakes. The adjoining areas are composed of woodland, fields, and meadows. The field and meadows are intensively cultivated. Marshy woodland and reedbeds were lost when the valley was flooded some years ago.


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Starorzecze Odry, otoczone ³¹kami. Wzd³u¿ pó³nocnego i wschodniego brzegu rosn¹ drzewiaste wierzby. Koñce starorzecza pokrywaj¹ dwa zwarte p³aty Trapa natans, zajmuj¹ce oko³o 50% lustra wody. Najg³êbsz¹, œrodkow¹ czêœæ pokrywa pa³ka tworz¹ca gêste ³any w postaci kilku wysp.


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Obszar o urozmaiconej rzeŸbie terenu z licznymi niewielkimi kompleksami leœnymi i du¿ymi obszarami zagospodarowanych ³¹k oraz kilkunastoma ma³ej i œredniej wielkoœci jeziorami (Œwierczyñskie Wlk. i Ma³e, Górznickie, Ustronie, Góreckie i in.) miêdzy Krzywinem a Osieczn¹. Ostoja le¿y miêdzy g³ównymi trasami przelotów ptaków wodno-b³otnych - dolinami Warty i Odry.


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A river flood plain between Balin and Pogorzelice, filled chiefly with alluvial soils and sands. In general, the relief of the Middle Warta valley is diversified, with numerous terraces (8 levels have been distinguished) occupied by a mosaic of habitats. Two different sections have been distinguished. The first section from Balin to Ko³o is 0.5-3km wide and only slightly cut in the surrounding area. Between the river and flood embankments there is a narrow belt of osier bed. Fragments of Salix-Populus riverine carrs are scarce, but the share of young alder woods is pretty large. These areas are mostly used as extensive pastures. The area beyond the flood embankments is a mosaic of fields, intensively utilized meadows and pastures, small woods (chiefly Alnus) and buildings. In lower parts there are remnants of riverside vegetation. The second section from Ko³o to Pogorzelice, a part of the Konin-Pyzdry Basin, is 1.5-5 km wide and cut from a few to ten-twenty meters in the adjacent plateau. Its character is more natural. Meadows and pastures occupy here 55% of the area, arable land 30%, woods 10%, and oxbow lakes 5%. Wet meadows are periodically flooded, some parts are permanently inundated. In the vicinity of ox-bow lakes and in small depressions there are rushes (g³ównie szuwar mannowy i turzycowy, rzadziej tatarakowy, pa³kowy i trzcinowy). Arboreous vegetation consists of osier bed, sparse alder woods and planted poplar woods. Willow/poplar and alder riverine carrs are scarce. Sandy dunes, elevated over the terrace level, are overgrown with pinewoods. Before constructing the Jeziorsko dam reservoir, 70% of the area of Konin-Pyzdry basin was being flooded in spring. This situation changed in the eighties, and so the character of the valley.


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Wilgotne i zalewowe ³¹ki kosne, w tym s³one; starorzecza z trzcinowiskami; niezbyt gêste laski olchowo-wierzbowe i sosnowe na wyniesionych wydmach; lokalnie wypas;


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Ostoja obejmuje jezioro wraz z otaczaj¹cymi torfowiskami i zalesionymi wzgórzami morenowymi; ukszta³towanie tego terenu ma postaæ niecki o stosunkowo stromych brzegach - du¿e wysokoœci wzglêdne do 32 m nad poziom Jez. Mielno.


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Dolina rzeki Ner. Dominuj¹cymi zbiorowiskami s¹ szuwary (g³ównie szuwar mannowy, w mniejszym stopniu szuwary wielkoturzycowe). Du¿e powierzchnie zajmuj¹ wilgotne ³¹ki. Bardzo charakterystycznym elementem s¹ liczne "oczka" wodne.


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Kompleks jezior (Skubarczewskie, Czarne, Ostrowickie, Kañskie=Salomonowskie, Niedziêgiel) i lasów; rzeŸba m³odoglacjalna z bogactwem form - rynny polodowcowe, morena czo³owa, morena denna, równina sandrowa; w rynnach polodowcowych jeziora i torfowiska;


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Jez. M¹kolno i Jez. Szczekawa wraz z licznymi przyleg³ymi oczkami wodnymi po dawnej eksploatacji torfu; urozmaicone ukszta³towanie powierzchni o deniwelacji do 50 m. WyraŸn¹ formê Rynny M¹koleñskiej z wieloma jeziorami otaczaj¹ pagórki.


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Ostoja obejmuje pozosta³oœæ dawnych Bagien Kramskich, rozleg³ego kompleksu torfowisk niskich, zajmuj¹cych zabagnion¹ nieckê, granicz¹ca od po³udnia z dolin¹ Warty. Bagna odwadniane s¹ wpadaj¹cym do Warty Kana³em Grójeckim, z którym ³¹czy siê ca³y system melioracyjny tej okolicy. W obrebie bagien mo¿na wyró¿niæ kompleks wschodni, po³o¿ony na zachód od tej miejscowoœci, przylegaj¹cy bezpoœrednio do Kana³u Grójeckiego. W tej czêœci, od pocz¹tku lat 80-tych, znajdowa³ siê najwiêkszy kompleks otwartych torfowisk. W obu czêœciach bagien licznie wystêpowa³y torfianki, miejscami tworz¹ce kompleksy o powierzchni dochodz¹cej do kilkudziesiêciu hektarów, z otwartym lustrem wody lub ca³kowicie zaroœniête szuwarami. Ni¿sze czêœci bagien zajête by³y przez turzycowiska, koszone dwa razy do roku. Brzegi torfianek i kana³ów poroœniête by³y zakrzewieniami wierzbowo-olchowymi. Wiosn¹ prawie ca³y obszar Bagien Kramskich by³ zalewany wod¹. W wyniku zaniedbaniakonserwacji systemu odwadniaj¹cego obszar bagien ulega³ wtórnemu zabagnieniu. Na poczatku lat 80-tych w pd. i centralnej czêœci kompleksu zachodniego wykonano rozleg³e prace melioracyjne, które spowodowa³y gwa³towne odwodnienie pod³o¿a. Dalsza uprawa bagien oraz po¿ary ods³oniêtego, zmursza³ego torfu doprowadzi³y do nieodwracalnych, jak sie wydaje zmain roslinnoœci. Prace odwadniajace nie objê³y pó³nocnego fragmentu zachodniej czêœci bagien, jednak¿e odwodnienie sasiedniej okolicy spowodowa³o i tutaj spadek poziomu wód gruntowych, wysychanie torfianek i daleko id¹ce zmiany roœlinnoœci. Tylko we wschodnim kompleksie bagienprzeprowadzone odwodnienia nie spowodowa³y wyraŸnych zmian siedliska. Powierzchniowo nadal przewa¿aj¹ tu ekstensywnie u¿ytkowane ³¹ki i pastwiska, twoprz¹ce mozaikê z zadrzewieniami i zakrzewieniami o charakterze ³êgów. Obrze¿a torfianek i liczne obni¿enia terenu zajmuj¹ tu turzycowiska i trzcinowiska. Ta czêœc Bagien zachowa³a w znacznej mierze swe dawne walory i obecnie jest najcenniejszym fragmentem tej ostoi.


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Siedlisko mineralne o zró¿nicowanej wilgotnoœci; nieodzowne jest wystêpowanie wapna ³¹kowego w pod³o¿u.


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Ostoja obejmuje rozleg³y kompleks podmok³ych ³¹k w dolinie Baryczy od drogi Bartniki-Wróbliniec na wschód w kierunku Odolanowa i dalej - Przygodzic, dwa zespo³y stawów - Dêbnica i Przygodzice oraz kilka mniejszych zbiorników wraz z kompleksem leœnym w pobli¿u Antonina. £¹ki pokryte s¹ sieci¹ rowów odwadniaj¹cych, jednak system ten nie zapewnia skutecznego odprowadzania wody, co prowadzi do zalewania du¿ej czêœci doliny, szczególnie wiosn¹. Na ca³ym obszarze przewa¿a roœlinnoœæ trawiasta, brzegi rowów, nie u¿ytkowane fragmenty ³¹k oraz zabagnione obni¿enia terenu zajmuj¹ szuwary w³aœciwe i szuwary turzycowe, i inna roœlinnoœæ b³otna. Niezbyt liczne s¹ grupy drzew i kêpy ³ozy. Czêœæ stawów jest pozbawiona roœlinnoœci wynurzonej, czêœæ jest silnie zaroœniêta przez szuwary oczeretowe, mozgowe, mannowe, tatarakowe, pa³kowe, a tak¿e przez gr¹¿ele. P³ytsze miejsca maj¹ charakter bagiennych ³¹k. Wyspy na stawach poroœniête s¹ szuwarami i krzewami, a groble kêpami ³ozy, bzu czarnego i olszy. W pobli¿u stawów wystêpuj¹ fragmenty podmok³ych olsów, niewielkie p³aty gr¹dów, bory sosnowe i mieszane.


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The site includes two large pond complexes: Dêbnica and Trzcielin together with some mid-forest reservoirs in the environs of Antonin. Many ponds have been transformed,with most of emerging water vegetation removed. Some of them still have wide belts (40-50 m) of reed and reedmace bed. The shallowest places have a character of marshy meadows. Small islands on ponds are overgrown with rushes and shrubs. In the neighbourhood of ponds there are also patches of wet alder wood. The surrounding forests are pine woods, mixed forests and fragments of deciduous forests.


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Pagórkowate, piaszczyste nieu¿ytki na osadach wodno-lodowcowych w postaci piaszczystych sandrów. Ca³e Wzgórza Sycowskie po³o¿one s¹ na wale moreny.


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Sosnowe lasy w okolicy wsi Moja Wola. Po³udniowe stoki wzgórza pokrytego drzewostanem sosnowym.


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bór jod³owo-sosnowy i las mieszany; starodrzew w wielu 100-190 lat, jod³a i œwierk na granicy zasiêgu; na terenie ostoi niewielki ciek.


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Ostoja obejmuje dolinê Warty od Lisowiec do Kochlewa i du¿y obszar na 40 km zakrêcie rzeki. Las pokrywa tu ok. 43% powierzchni, pola uprawne - 47%, ³¹ki i pastwiska - 4,6%, wody - 2,5%. W krajobrazie dominuj¹ formacje plejstoceñskie (wzgórza morenowe, równiny piaszczyste, sandry). Wystêpuj¹ tu tak¿e liczne utwory krasowe takie jak: jaskinie, Ÿród³a, ska³ki i pola lapiezowe, studnie i leje. Charakterystyczn¹ cech¹ krajobrazu jest g³êboko wciêta w wapienne pod³o¿e (30-60 m) i tworz¹ca trzy prze³omy dolina Warty. Stwierdzono tu ponad 100 zbiorowisk roœlinnych z charakterystycznymi wapieniolubnymi zgrupowaniami. Zmienione w wyniku ekstensywnej gospodarki lasy, aktualnie s¹ zdominowane przez sosnê.


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Ostoja obejmuje najwiêkszy w ZPK pagór ostañcowy - Górê Zelce (246 m npm.) - wznosz¹cy sie ponad dolin¹ Warty. Zbudowany jest z wapieni skalistych i ma p³aski szczyt. Wystêpuje tu kilka pól lapiezowych z kratowym systemem ¿³obków krasowych, kilka studni krasowych, 10 jaskiñ. Stoki N i W s¹ strome, zaœ pozosta³e ³agodne, a wszystkie urozmaicone stercz¹cymi ska³kami i œladami starych wyrobisk wapienia. Czêœæ szczytow¹ porastaj¹ murawy kserotermiczne oraz zaroœla dzikich ró¿ i ja³owca, a na obrze¿u las sosnowy. Jaskinie bêd¹ce wa¿nymi zimowiskami nietoperzy to J. Za Krat¹, Niespodzianka i Draba. W jaskiniach znajduj¹ siê szcz¹tki fauny plioceñskiej.


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Zbiornik po³o¿ony jest w dolinie Warty pomiêdzy miejscowoœciami Skêczniew i Warta. Maksymalna d³ugoœæ - 16 km, szerokoœæ - 3,5 km, powierzchnia minim. - 1700 ha, a maksym. - 4200 ha. Dno zbiornika zachowa³o charakter naturalnej doliny zalewowej na pod³o¿u mineralnym; przy niskich stanach wód wynurza siê równina z licznymi, wype³nionymi wod¹ zag³ebieniami terenu. Po³udniowa czêœæ zbiornika, zalewana tylko przy najwy¿szych stanach piêtrzenia, stanowi mozaikê ³¹k i zakrzewieñ wierzbowych, z grupami czêœciowo martwych wierzb i topoli. Brzegi zbiornika to naturalne krawêdzie doliny oraz zapory boczne i cofkowe.


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Ostoja obejmuje teren miêdzy Wart¹ i jej prawobrze¿nym dop³ywem Widawk¹. W budowie geologicznej i morfologicznej dominuj¹ pradoliny ukszta³otowane w trakcie zlodowacenia ba³tyckiego. Formy akumulacji rzecznej z okresu holoceñskiego obejmuj¹ terasy zalewowe dolin rzecznych. Z okresu schy³ku zlodowacenia pó³nocnopolskiego pochodz¹ ró¿ne formy wydmowe, którym czêsto towarzysz¹ bezodp³ywowe zag³êbienia wype³onione torfem. Znajduj¹ siê tu torfowiska niskie i przejœciowe. Wœród lasów dominuj¹ bory, a tylko rzadko spotyka siê œwietliste d¹browy i zbiorowiska gr¹dowe. Z dolinami rzecznymi zwi¹zane sa zbiorowiska szuwarowe, starorzecza i z rzadka fragmenty ³êgów jesionowo-olszowych i wierzbowo-topolowych. Wystêpuj¹ tu te¿ p³aty ma³o zmienionych przez gospodarowanie ³¹k i muraw piaskowych. Na wapiennych wychodniach w okolicach Buszenina wystêpuj¹ ciep³olubne murawy.


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Pó³nocno-zachodnia czêœæ 650-hektarowego kompleksu leœnego nad rzek¹ Moszczenic¹; las jod³owy; na obrze¿ach od strony po³udniowo-wschodniej stanowisko P. vernalis.


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It is a section 90 km long river Rawka valley between ¯ytomice and Mogi³a. Almost on its whole length the river is a natural character (numerous meanders, islands, old river beds etc.). The river flows through the agricultural landscape. The width of the river bed is 10 m (on average), depth often exceeds 1.5 m. The river doesn't overflow. Its banks are overgrown with willow, alder and popular thickets or belts of other arboreous vegetation. Certain streches of river meander through wet meadows. Along the river there are patches of rush vegetation and peat-bogs.


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A complex of 6 ponds surrounded by meadows and the town of £owicz. Ca. 10% of each pond is reed-covered.


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A complex of ten ponds surrounded by Alnus and Pinus forest and fields/meadows. On average, reeds cover 10% of the pond areas.


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A complex of eight ponds, surrounded by meadows, pastures, and fields. There is a large area (1500ha) of old forest close to the ponds; the latter are all partly (5-40%) covered with reeds.


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It is the forest complex cut by the Rawka River valley. The stands are dominated by pine. There are also some patches with oak, alder and, in admixture, birch and hornbeam. The most diversified parts of the forest occur on the margins of the site and along the edges of Rawka River and Korabiewka Stream valleys. A sedge peat bog in the Rawka valley, previously drained and mowed, undergoes now succession towards willow osier.


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A complex of five ponds (two larger Okrêt i Rydwan) in Bobrówka river valley, surrounded by Pinus woods, fields and meadows. The ponds have a total area of 270 ha and have between 10 and 50% reed coverage.


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Torfowisko otoczone przez wydmy, urozmaicona linia brzegowa z licznymi zatokami i pó³wyspami, kêpami i grzêdami, mszary, szuwary, ³¹ki ³ozowiska i drzewostany brzozowo-sosnowe.


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Lasy, w centralnej czêœci obni¿enie zwane Horowym Bagnem, z du¿ym stawem i szeregiem mniejszych zbiorników po eksploatacji torfu. Pomiêdzy nimi resztki starych grobli. Czêœæ obszaru zajmuj¹ wydmy.


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Kompleks lasów i torfowisk na obrzezach Warszawy. Zbiorowiska leœne to przede wszystkim starsze nasadzenia sosnowe i sosnowo-dêbowe. Naturalnego pochodzenia s¹ drzewostany olszowe i brzozowe. W rezerwacie zaroœla wierzbowe, wilgotne ³¹ki, szuwar turzycowy i zbiorowiska torfowiskowe. Po³udniowa i wschodnia czêœæ lasu roœnie na glebach suchych i œrednio wilgotnych zaœ zachodnia i pó³nocna czêœæ ostoi zawiera torfowiska niskie i podtopione ³¹ki. Niegdyœ czêœæ Puszczy Kampinowskiej; w XVIII w. teren zamieniony n ³¹ki i pastwiska po 1863 roku zalesiony i u¿ytkowany jako poligon; od 1964 roku nale¿y do Lasów Komunalnych Warszawy; od 1980 roku rezerwat.


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Lasy znane z bogatej fauny bezkrêgowców, sk³adaj¹cej siê g³ównie z elementów euroazjatyckich ale kilka gatunków ma tu swoje jedyne stanowiska (co w czêœci jest wynikiem stosunkowo niewielkiej odleg³oœci od du¿ego oœrodka akademickiego a tym samym dobrego zbadania).


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Ostoja obejmuje Kampinowski Park Narodowy, w którego obrêbie le¿y ca³a Puszcza Kampinowska. Park po³o¿ony jest na terasie akumulacyjnej Wis³y, pomiêdzy Wis³¹ a Bzur¹. W krajobrazie parku mo¿na wyró¿niæ pokryte lasami wa³y wydmowe, tereny bagienne g³ównie wzd³u¿ cieków wodnych wpadaj¹cych do Bzury. Lasy stanowi¹ 75% powierzchni parku. Kompleks leœny puszczy jest doœæ silnie podzielony. Obszary po³o¿one najni¿ej pokryte s¹ przez trzcinowiska, turzycowiska lub ³¹ki uprawne albo przez olsy i ³êgi olszowe. Na wzniesieniach poœród bagien wystêpuj¹ ró¿ne formy lasu liœciastego, zaœ wydmy pokrywa bór bagienny. Czêœæ ostoi to tereny wykupionych i wysiedlonych wsi, na których trwa sukcesja roœlinnoœci leœnej przyspieszana przez zalesiania.


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Ostoja obejmuje kompleks zmeliorowanych mokrade³ i ³¹k koœnych po³o¿onych nad Kana³em Biliñskiego, bêd¹cym przed³u¿eniem rzeki Jagodzianki. Czêœciowo jest to teren, który uleg³ wtórnemu zabagnieniu. Wiêkszoœæ ³¹k, g³ównie na pó³nocy, jest opanowana przez zaroœla wierzb, a znaczne powierzchnie przez laski olszynowe i zalesienia jesionowo-olchowe, te g³ównie w czêœci pó³nocno-centralnej, gdzie wystêpuj¹ tak¿e wyrobiska potorfowe i wydmy piaszczyste. £¹ki mo¿na zaliczyæ do mszysto-turzycowych. Na ³¹kach zbierane jest siano i prowadzony jest wypas, zaœ w czêœci nale¿¹cej do woj. warszawskiego wydobywa siê torf.


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Zbiornik retencyjny "Jezioro Zegrzyñskie", utworzony przez wybudowanie zapory Dêbem na Narwi. Maksymalna powierzchnia zbiornika wynosi 3300 ha. Pó³nocne i zachodnie brzegi jeziora s¹ wysokie i strome zaœ od po³udnia i wschodu obwa³owania oddzielaj¹ je od rozleg³ych ³¹k, intensywnie zagospodarowanych , porastaj¹cych dawn¹ terasê zalewow¹. Dla ptaków wa¿ne s¹ na tym obszarze starorzecza, wysepki i zaroœla wierzbowe. a tak¿e brzegi jeziora zajête przez w¹ski pas roœlinnoœci wynurzonej. Otoczenie zbiornika jest zabudowane, przede wszystkim domkami letniskowymi i jest intensywnie wykorzystywany w celach rekreacyjnych.


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A large, unregulated stretch of the Vistula River between Dêblin and P³ock, with numerous islands (from sandbars to well-raised islands overgrown with herbaceous vegetation). The highest-raised islets are largely covered with Salix and Populus thickets. River banks and flooded terrace are mostly occupied by intensely exploited osiers, meadows and pastures grazed by numerous herds of cattle. There are also remnants of Salix-Populus carrs.


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Obiekty zbudowane z betonu i ceg³y o ogólnej d³ugoœci korytarzy 80 do 460 m;liczne otwory wejœciowe, dobra wentylacja, pewne odcinki korytarzy stale zalane wod¹. Jest to zewnêtrzny pierœcieñ umocnieñ dawnej twierdzy Modlin; forty rozmieszczone dooko³a centralnej czêœci twierdzy po³o¿onej u ujœcia Narwi do Wis³y.


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Rozlewiska rzeki, tereny podmok³e, jez. Klucz; w okresie wêdrówek i zimowania teren ma znaczenie jako ostoja m.in. licznych siewkowatych; miejsce koncentracji kaczek, gêsi, ³abêdzi i ptaków drapie¿nych.


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Tunel pod Placem Inwalidów - zimowisko Myotis nattereri; - piwnica w Mokotowie (Fosa) - w 1994 roku stwierdzono obecnoœæ 173 osobników;


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An 80 km stretch of the river valley from its springs to the village of Liwiec, with meadows and flooded pastures on reclaimed fens and mineral soils. There are some marshes, two complexes of fish ponds (48 ha and 70 ha), alder woods, fragments of ash/alder riverine woods, and pine forests.


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Ostoja obejmuje kompleks leœny, w którym le¿¹ obszary Ÿródliskowe rzek Krzna Po³udniowa i Pó³nocna, Kostrzyñ i Œwider. Lasy porastaj¹ sfa³dowan¹ równinê, której piaszczyste gleby zajmuj¹ drzewostany borowe, z przewag¹ sosnowych, zarówno suchych jak i wilgotnych. W wilgotnych obni¿eniach terenu wystêpuj¹ gr¹dy, i ³êgi olchowe i olchowo-jesionowe: wa¿nym zbiorowiskiem s¹ bory mieszane ze znacz¹cym udzia³em jod³y. W niektórych miejscach rozpoœcieraj¹ siê otwarte ³¹ki i pola, miejscami zachowa³y siê siedliska bagienne.


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Najwiêkszy ostoja jod³y na pn-wsch. krañcach zasiêgu. Drzewostany maj¹ charakter naturalny, porastaj¹ one ³agodne sk³ony doliny Krzny Po³udniowej, która tu zaczyna swój bieg. Obok jod³y wystêpuje jawor. Znaczna czêœæ drzewostanów to 100 - 160 letnie starodrzewy.


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It is a small forest complex to the south of village Szynkarzyzna, including the best preserved fragments of previous £ochów Pristine Forests. Przewaga gleb wilgotnych sprawia, ¿e dominuj¹ tu bory trzêœlicowe i bagienne, olsy a na polanach zbiorowiska wysokich turzyc. Na terenach wy¿szych o piaszczystych suchych glebach bory sosnowe.


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Ostoja geologiczne obejmuje krê jurajsk¹ (kolejewsk¹), która jest oderwanym p³atem ilastej, morskiej ska³y osadowej pochodz¹cej prawdopodobnie z terenów dzisiejszej Estonii. Wyrwana z macierzystego pod³o¿a i popychana przez l¹dolód zawêdrowa³a w okolice £ukowa. Jest to tzw. czarna kra jurajska, zalegaj¹ca tu na g³êbokoœci oko³o 2 m. Œrednia mi¹¿szoœæ kry wynosi 24.66 m. W postaci kulistych lub wrzecionowatych konkrecji wystêpuj¹ w niej ammonity. Muszle ammonitów zachowa³y siê w najdrobniejszych szczegó³ach. Naturalna jest ich barwa, niezmieniony sk³ad chemiczny. Zespó³ skamienia³oœci z £ukowa zawiera jeszcze wiele innych grup zwierz¹t: œlimaki, ma³¿e, belemnity, liliowce, otwornice, ryby, pó³strunowce.


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Ostojê stanowi piêciokilometrowej szerokoœci dolina Œwidra. Œwider p³yn¹cy dolin¹ pochodzenia lodowcowego (zlodowacenie œrodkowo-polskie) nabiera czêsto charakteru rzeki podgórskiej. Sprawiaj¹ toliczne zakola i naturalne wodospady. Brzegi rzeki prawie na ca³ej d³ugoœci posiadaj¹ obudowe biologiczn¹


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Fragmented forest complex in the vicinity of the Bug valley. Dry pine stands dominate, there are mainly young pine monocultures. Numerous small river valleys and other small depressions are covered by swampy deciduous stands (ash-alder woods, alder carrs).


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Zwarty kompleks leœny na Podlasiu, 5 km na SE od Wêgrowa, z du¿¹ iloœci¹ dobrze zachowanych, wielogatunkowych drzewostanów liœciastych (gr¹dy) - dominuje las œwie¿y: 64,18%. Wystêpuje tu te¿ drzewostany sosnowe i mieszane. Lasy te otoczone s¹ polami uprawnymi. Przez œrodek kompleksu leœnego przechodzi droga gruntowa utwardzona


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A complex of ponds largely overgrown with Carex, Typha, Phragmites and Salix, surrounded by meadows, arable fields, and forests.


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Rozleg³e p³o (zalewany, czasem dryfuj¹cy dywan) utworzone z torfowca Sphagnum sp.


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Ostoja obejmuje pn-wsch. skraj Borów Dolnoœl¹skich. Jest to g³ównie bór mieszany œwie¿y z przewag¹ sosny. W pn-zach. czêœci kompleksu stary las bukowy o powierzchni ok. 260ha.


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The site includes two pond complexes (769 and 179 ha), scattered fragments of ash-alder carrs (75ha in total) and extensive wet meadows with willow thickets. Ponds are fringed by narrow belts of rush vegetation (occupying ca 6% of pond area).


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Kompleks leœny z unikatowym starodrzewem z najwiêkszym w województwie legnickim skupieniem drzew pomnikowych.


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Fragment kompleksu leœnego w strefie zalewowej Odry z dobrze zachowanymi ³êgami jesionowo-wi¹zowymi, w których rosna okazy drzew pomnikowych.


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The site includes a 70 km long stretch of the Odra River valley between Narok and Wroc³aw. It is covered by forests, meadows, pastures and arable land. Forests are chiefly oak-hornbeam stands; however, small patches of ash-elm and willow-poplar carrs have been preserved. Numerous are water courses, old river-beds, remnants of previous floodings and fish ponds. The area is well drained.


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A forested area on alluvial soil between the settlements of Siechnica and Kotowice. There are large stands of Fraxinus and Ulmus carr, together with Quercus / Carpinus forest. The area also includes numerous streams and former parts of the Odra riverbed.


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These are two closely situated complexes of fish ponds in the Barycz river valley. "Kroœnica" complex is surrounded by forest, dikes are overgrown with trees. About 50% of the area of ponds is overgrown with reed, reed-mace and sedges, which in certain places goes into wet alderwoods. Ponds of the group of ¯eleŸniki are deprived of extensive areas of rushes but they have numerous dry islands covered with Urtica dioica and Rubus sp. rarely with birch and Sorbus nigra. Ponds are fringed with reed and reed mace.


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it is a fish farming estate consisting of 31 ponds (total area c. 1730 ha) most of which are partly overgrown with Phragmites and Typha (even over 20% of pond area) and basically resemble natural eutrophic lakes. Surrounding habitats include woods, fields and meadows.


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A complex of 12 ponds; six in the west are protected as nature reserve and these have not been significantly "improved"; many areas are therefore covered with reeds. Two of these ponds merge into Alnus swamp and one has a natural islets. The eastern section of ponds has been highly modified, and they are used for pisciculture.


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A complex of 34 ponds; almost all of which have been heavily modified. Vast areas of reeds have been bullodozed and pited up to form small artificial islands. The largest pond (283 ha) has remained mostly unchaged with 40 ha overgrown by reed and reed-mace bed. The ponds surrounded by fields and forest.


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The complex consists of three groups of ponds. Most of them were highly modified; areas of reeds were cleared and artificial islands formed. Many of the islands are now overgrown with alders. Most important for breeding birds are ponds: Jan, Górnik, Wroc³awicki. Jan is fringed by reed bed, and one of its shores merges into alder swamp. The surrounding areas include Alnus forests, Pinus forests, meadows, and arable fields.


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The complex consists of 4 ponds, varying in size from 35-129 ha. All four are filled from the River Barycz, three have artificial islets, and two fairly extensive reed beds. The ponds are used for pisciculture. Three ponds have been seriously altered in the recent years. The ponds are surrounded by meadows, fields and forests.


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Zbiornik retencyjny, który w okresach suchych zaopatruje w wodê Odrê, umo¿liwiaj¹c ¿eglugê, pe³ni¹c równoczeœnie funkcjê ¿wirowni. Charakteryzuje siê du¿ymi wahaniami poziomu wody. Okresowo wystêpuj¹ du¿e obszary ods³oniêtego mulistego dna (¿erowisko siewkowatych). Wysoki poziom wody przyczynia sie do zaniku roœlinnoœci wynurzonej - miejsca bytowania wielu gatunków ptaków. Efektem wydobywania ¿wiru s¹ zwa³owiska ziemi tworz¹ce, przy wysokich stanach wody, ma³e wyspy - miejsce gniazdowania mew, rybitw itp. Zbiornik otoczony jest falistym terenem zajêtym przez rozmaite uprawy, takie jak: kukurydza, rzepak itp.


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It is a 30 km long stretch of Odra river valley between Rzeczyca and Œcinawa. Area is mostly covered by woods on alluvial soils, chiefly by Fraxinus/Ulmus forests. There prevail old stands, after over 100-year old with monumental trees. Numerous are ox-bow lakes that are at different stage of overgrowing. Forests are intensively exploited.


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Terenostoi le¿y w granicach administracyjnych Wroc³awia na pn.-zach. od centrum. Obejmuje tereny po obu stronach Odry. Na prawym brzego pola irygacyjne po liniê kolejowa Wroc³aw-Poznañ i na pn. rzekê Widawê. Wzd³u¿ Odry las gr¹dowy. Powierzchnia pól ok. 1050 ha. Pociete s¹ gêst¹ sieci¹ kana³ów i rowów rozprowadzaj¹cych œcieki do zbiorników odstojnikowych i na poszczególne okresowo zalewane poldery. Jest te¿ sieæ rowów odprowadzaj¹cych oczyszczone œcieki. Prócz kilkunastu zbiorników odstojnikowych jest kilka sta³ych g³êbszych zbiorników wodnych z doœæ szerokim pasem roœlinnoœci szuwarowej (g³ónie trzcina, pa³ka wodna i turzyce) i kêpami krzewów. S¹ te¿ wiêksze trzcinowiska stale zalewane wod¹ i kilka mniejszych. W po³udniowo-zachodniej czêœci - uprawy zbó¿, roœlin okopowych i kukurydzy. Wiêkszoœæ obszaru po³o¿ona na pó³noc od linii Osobowice-Rêdzin-Lesica to ³¹ki koœne, pastwiska i nieu¿ytki okresowo zalewane œciekami. Dogodne warunki do ¿erowania i odpoczynku siewkowców. Z pocz¹tkiem lat 70tych teren uleg³ wyraŸnemu osuszeniu, przedtem by³ bardziej atrakcyjny dla ptaków.


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Masyw Œlê¿y i przylegaj¹ce wzgórza zbudowane z gumbra amfibolitu i serpentynitów; typy siedliskowe lasów: bór mieszany górski i wy¿ynny, las mieszany górski i wy¿ynny i las œwie¿y. Na serpentynitach Góry Raduni wykszta³ci³a siê unikatowa roœlinnoœci.


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Kompleks ³¹k miejscami suchych a miejscami podmok³ych, oddzielonych od siebie partiami m³odych lasków, po³o¿ony na pochy³ym zboczu u stóp Góry Raduni; zbiorowiska roœlinne wykszta³cone na nieprzepuszczalnym pod³o¿u marglistym, rosn¹ce na glebach lessowych.


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Szczyt zbudowany ze ska³ wulkanicznych, poroœniêty lasem œwierkowym i fragmentami lasów liœciastych; górê pokrywaj¹ rumowiska skalne.


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Fragment Góry Raduni zbudowanej ze ska³ pochodzenia wulkanicznego, tzw. serpentynitów (uwodniony krzemian magnezu), których bloki stercz¹ w partii szczytowej; ponizej fragmenty muraw i lasów sosnowo-dêbowych).


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Kompleks lasów po³o¿ony na prawym brzegu Odry, na zachód od Wo³owa, od pó³nocy ograniczony dolin¹ Jezierzycy ( Jeden z wiêkszych w województwie wroc³awskim). Znaczn¹ czêœæ terenu stanowi¹ siedliska wilgotne: okresowo zalewane olsy, bagna œródleœne, podmok³e ³¹ki, starorzecza, stawy; bardzo gêsta sieæ cieków wodnych.


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The site includes a forest complex situated on the left side of Pilica river (and partly on the right side) between Spa³a, Brzustów, Inow³odz, Glina, Zawady, Wielka Wola, D¹brówka. Besides forests the site comprises a few km long stretch of Pilica river valley, the lower Gaæ river valley, upper courses of Lici¹¿na and Luboczanka streams. Forests are dominanted by pine on sandy-clay, and sandy soils, particularly on the east part of site. However, there occur also large, well preserved patches of oak, hornbeam and lime forests (on more fertile habitats) and oak forests with pine, and admixture of lime, maple and larch. Along rivers there occur, in places fairly large patches of ash-alder carrs. In the southern part there are a partly drained peat-bog Zieleñ-Borki (ca 600 ha) and wet meadows overgrown in places with alder wood.


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bunkry i tunel - fragmenty dawnych umocnieñ wojskowych


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The site includes a small forest complex on the left side of Pilica river valley near Rzeczyca distinguished by presence of contrast plant communities. Elevations are occupied by pinewoods and lower parts by typical alder swamp woods. There occur well-preserved patches of Pino-Querceetum. In the east part there are well-preserved peat-bogs.


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The site includes forest complex Piskorzeniec together with the vast peat-bog, adjacent fish ponds and meadows. Forest are chifly pinewoods, pine bog woods, and birch swamp woods. In north and north-east part there occur olsy, ³êgi olszowe and ³êgi jesionowo wi¹zowe. In the east part there are large patches of fir woods. 70 - 140 year old with admixture of pine, spruce, hornbeam and oak. Peat-bogs originated on the previous fish ponds overgrown for some tens of years. These are raised peat bogs, well preserved. There occur patches of the raised peat - bogs of Baltic type with charcteristic lens regenerations.


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Dolny bieg z przyujœciowym odcinkiem rzeki Luci¹¿y.


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The site includes the Sulejów reservoir which is a section of the river Pilica flood-plain inundated by the construction of dam near Tomaszów, and surrounding it forests a part of the Pilica Pristine Forest. The reservoir is rather shallow (av. depth - 3.4m); fluctuations of water table range from 6.3 sqkm (min. water table) to 26.3 sqkm (max). The shore line is most diversified in central parts of reservoir, with numerous bays. The reservoir is partly fringed by reed bed and sedge communities, and Salix thicket; in part it directly borders on forest. Forests adjacent to the reservoir are chifly dry pinewoods. However, the part of forest adjoining the south-western margins of the lake comprises multispecies old stands with over 200 year old oaks and the well preserved natural stand of fir. In the northern part of the site near village of Swolszowice there is a small peat-bog, które zajmuje ma³e lokalne bezodp³ywowe zag³êbienia wype³nione torfem mszysto turzycowym i mszysto-we³niankowym. It is dominated by Sphagnetum magellanici. To the south and south-west it is sourrounded by low dune overgrown with Querco-Pinetum.


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Wilgotne i torfiaste ³¹ki w dolinie Pilicy.


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It is a river of pure waters flowing in a natural channel with numerous meanders and small islands.


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Ostoja po³o¿ona na terasie doliny Pilicy. Jest to obszar Ÿródliskowy otoczony wilgotnym lasem. Osobliwoœci¹ s¹ silnie pulsuj¹ce obfite (ok. 80l/sek) Ÿród³a bij¹ce z wapiennego pod³o¿a. Zimna czysta woda ma barwê turkusow¹ (niebiesk¹).


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Ostojê stanowi¹ zbocza B¹kowej Góry zbudowanej ze ska³ wêglanowych, na nich dwie nisze Ÿród³owe i dolinki ma³ych cieków. Na szczyci ruiny XIV-wiecznego zamku. Fitocenozy leœne lekko przekszt³cone antropogenicznie. Najlepiej zachowane s¹ ³êgi, gr¹dy niskie i typowe. Wiêkszoœæ drzewostanów w wieku 50 - 70 lat. U podnó¿a wydm tofowiska - eutroficzne m³aki niskoturzycowe. Urozmaicone formy powierzchni - w¹wozy, stromizny zboczy, dolina Pilicy z terasami.


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Ostojê stanowi torfowisko niskie, silnie mozaikowe, podzielone grobl¹ na dwie czêœci, N jest zaroœniêta krzewami, S - systematycznie koszona.


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Suchy las sosnowy, w runie Calluna vulgaris.


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Torfowisko przejœciowe z cenn¹ flor¹; po³o¿one w dolinie Bogdanówki wœród kompleksów ³¹k, szuwarów, zaroœli i lasów.


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Suchy bór sosnowy, w runie Calluna vulgaris.


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It is a 23.6 km long stretch of Czarna W³oszczowska river from Zamoœcie to mouth of the river with numerous meanders and ox-bow lakes. This stretch is of upland character; river 8-10m wide flows in natural channel.


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The complex contains of 5 ponds (ca 50 ha - fish farming) in Drzewiczka river valley partly overgrown with reeds. There are wet meadows in vicinity (grass-cutting). The other habitats: small woods and arable land.


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The site includes one of the greatest forest complex in Central Poland. Porasta ona teren charakteryzuj¹cy siê wystêpowaniem elementów krajobrazu pochodzenia fluwioglacjalnego: szeregiem tarasów denudacyjnych opadaj¹cych stopniowo ku dolinie Wis³y, poprzedzielanych licznymi wa³ami wydmowymi, pomiêdzy którymi znajduj¹ siê przewa¿nie zabagnione niecki. Previously the area supported mixed stands with Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia cordata, Quercus robur and Fagus sylvatica. Now, stands are dominated by Pinus sylvestris (80%). Forests cover about 53% of the area. The rest of it is occupied by cultivated fields, meadows, pastures. There some interesting areas with fir stands (Abietetum polonicum) and also with peat-bogs and fens.


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Kolonia rozrodcza nietoperzy w wiejskim budynku.


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Dolina Zwoleñki le¿¹ca na przedpolu Gór Œwiêtokrzyskich w obszarze porozcinanych i silnie zerodowanych wysoczyzn morenowych z okresu zlodowacenia œrodkowopolskiego, jest do 25 m wciêta w materiale pleistoceñskim. W¹skie dno doliny (od 0.5 do oko³o 1 km szerokoœci przy ujœciu rzeki) wype³nione jest torfem. Na zboczach widoczne s¹ fragmenty terasy nadzalewowej o wysokoœci wzglêdnej 2 - 3m. Czytelnoœæ formy doliny maskuj¹ zalegaj¹ce w wielu miejscach zwydmione, przewiewane piaski. Teren stanowi bogat¹ mozaikê wzajemnie przenikaj¹cych siê biotopów - wodnych, podmok³ych i suchych. Siedliska wodne reprezentowane s¹ przez wolno p³yn¹c¹ rzekê i zakola oraz torfianki o ró¿nej powierzchni lustra wody. W dnie Doliny dominuj¹ podmok³e ³¹ki, na których prowadzi siê gospodarkê ekstensywn¹. Miejscami wystêpuj¹ na nich kêpy zaroœli wierzbowych i ³ozowych oraz niewielkie, olchowe laski. £agodnie wznosz¹ce siê piaszczyste zbocza doliny porastaj¹ suche soœniny, pola uprawne i nieu¿ytki z roœlinnoœci¹ kserotermiczn¹. The site includes a part of Zwoleñka river valley. Its area represents a rich mosaic of various aquatic, marshy, and dry habitats with many transitional forms. Zwoleñka river flows through the reserve in wide meanders. It has retained a few old river a few old river-beds. The bottom of the valley is covered with bogs and peat-deposits. The peat-winning led to the creation of the system of peat-bogs and small ponds. Wet meadows dominate the valley bottom while on sandy sides of the valley there are cultivated fields, waste land, xerothermic swards, and dry pine woods.


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Jest to rozleg³e torfowisko przejœciowe z licznymi torfiankami wype³nionymi wod¹. Rezerwat ma zachowane w naturalnym stanie stosunki wodne.


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It is a 75 km stretch of Pilica river valley, 1 - 5 km wide, between Rzeczyca and Micha³ów. River is here with numerous meanders, islets and sandbars. Low islets are bare, higher ones are covered with Salix thickets. River channel is 100 - 150 m wide accompained with numerous oxbow lakes, overgrown with vegetation to a different degree. Flood terraces are partly drained, dominated by sedge communities, moist meadows and pastures, covered in places with osierbed, clumps of Salix sp., and alder woods. Some already drained meadows undergo secondary swamping. In the vicinity of Promna village there is the greatest in the valley complex of peaty holes. The valley includes also 5 complexes of fish-ponds.


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Ostoja obejmuje lasy o zró¿nicowanych glebach i ró¿nym stopniu uwilgotnienia; znaczna mozaikowatoœæ siedlisk leœnych - olsy, ³êgi, bór œwie¿y, zbiorowiska bagienne, pó³dzikie ³¹ki i pastwiska. W drzewostanie olsza czarna 48%, jesion wynios³y (do 80 lat) 21% i pojedyncze ponad 100letnie osobniki, d¹b - 13%, sosna 9%, brzoza, leszczyna, dereñ, trzmielina, kalina, wierzby.


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Kompleks leœny miêdzy Micha³owcem, Duck¹ Wol¹ i Stara wsi¹. Bór mieszany kontynentalny i ³êg, naturalne zbiorowiska leœne - ³êgi i gr¹d niski - w mozaikowym uk³adzie (wiek drzew oko³o 70 lat).;


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Ostoja obejmuje fragmenty terasy zalewowej i nadzalewowej Pilicy. Do meandruj¹cej rzeki z pasmem szuwarów przylega szeroki pas ³¹k, za którym nastêpuj¹ lasy bagienne (³êgi, rzadziej olesy), a za nimi iglaste (bory i bory mieszane). Sumarycznie lasy zajmuj¹ ok. 51.3% powierzchni, ³¹ki - 24.4%, pastwiska - 7.8%, bagna - 2.6%, nieu¿ytki - 4%.


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Ostoja obejmuje niskie i przejœciowe torfowiska z zespo³ami wysokich turzyc i zaroœli brzozy niskiej i wierzb na wilgotnej lub mokrej glebie torfowej.:


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It is a complex of fish ponds with adjacent fragments of meadows and a stretch of Radomka river, situated ca. 8 km north of the town of Radom. Ponds cover ca 77 % of the area, meadows - ca 3.2%, waste land - ca 10%. Wzd³u¿ grobli i rzeki Radomki wystêpuj¹ p³aty zaroœli wierzbowych. W pd. czêœci ostoi, na bogatych siedliskach bagiennych rosn¹ drzewostany olszowe z dêbem, brzoz¹, wierzb¹ i osik¹. Czêœæ stawów jest silnie zaroœniêta.


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Ostojê przyrody stanowi tu torfowisko na wododziale rzek Zwolenki i Zago¿d¿onki, bagienne zbiorowiska leœne, wilgotne bory sosnowe z domieszk¹ osiki, brzozy, œwierka, dêbu (30-70lat), zró¿nicowany poszyt (kruszyna, brzoza, olsza, œwierk, ja³owiec)


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Las mieszany z du¿ym udzia³em modrzewia polskiego (Larix polonica). Najstarsze modrzewie 100-300 lat - 45m wysokoœci. Niektóre partie lasu zdegradowane wskutek wprowadzenia sosny.


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Torfowisko czêœciowo odwodnione i obecnie u¿ytkowane rolniczo, czêœæ obszaru zajmuj¹ torfianki, zaroœla wierzbowe i olchowe oraz ³¹ki i bagna.


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Dolina rzeki Wiercicy z dobrze zachowanymi fragmentami lasu o charakterze naturalnym z licznymi wapiennymi tworami powierzchniowymi (w tym jaskinie); w dolinie Wiercicy stawy rybne; W obrêbie ostoi znajduje siê Jaskinia Wiercica, d³. 210m, g³. 31m, o rozwiniêciu pionowym.


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Ostoja obejmuje w znacznej czêsci sosnowe lasy ko³o Olszytna, jej wartoœæ i charakter okreœlaj¹: Sokole Góry - wzgórza wapienne z licznymi formami krasu powierzchniowego i podziemnego, poroœniête lasami - g³ównie ¿yzn¹ buczyn¹ sudeck¹ i ciep³olubn¹ storczykow¹, niewielkie p³aty gr¹du z udzia³em lipy szerokolistnej, naturalne przestoje modrzewia polskiego. Jest to najdalej na pn. wysuniêta grupa skalna w paœmie Jury Krakowsko-Czêstochowskiej; S³owik - œródleœne torfowiska i przyleœne podmok³e ³¹ki. Jaskinia Pod Sokol¹ Gór¹, d³. 70m, g³. 26m.


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Kulminacje wapieni górnojurajskich o bogatej rzeŸbie krasowej osi¹gajace wys. 462 m npm. Wzgórze pokryte malowniczymi ostañcami wapiennymi (czêœæ tzw. Ska³ek Kroczyckich); unikatowe formy skalne - jaskinie, kot³y, groty, szczeliny; zbiorowiska naskalne, zaroœla i murawy kserotermiczne, buczyny (fragmentarycznie wykszta³cone), bór sosnowy;


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Wzgórza wapienne z ruinami zamku, pokryte roœlinnoœci¹ naskaln¹ na wychodniach ska³ jurajskich; pod zamkiem jaskinie, w których odkryto œlady pobytu cz³owieka z kultury typu musterskiego


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las jod³owo-sosnowy z dêbem, œwierkiem, bukiem, modrzewiem i grabem; krajobraz jurajski z licznymi wapiennymi ostañcami o stromych œcianach;


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Jaskinia Piêtrowa Szczelina, d³ugoœæ ok. 400km, g³êbokoœæ 45m, wysokoœæ otworu ok. 400m npm. le¿y w miejscowoœci Niegowa. Jaskinia o rozwiniêciu pionowym, powsta³a wzd³u¿ szczelin o kierunku NE-SW. Sk³ada siê z kilku korytarzy i rozleg³ej sali, która ma charakter zawaliskowy; jej dno zalegaj¹ du¿e bloki skalne opad³e ze stropu;


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Jaskinia Wielkanocna, d³. ok. 70m, g³êbokoœci 16m;


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Wapienne wzgórza z licznymi ostañcami, pokryte ró¿nymi postaciami lasów bukowych.


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Wapienne wzgórza z licznymi ostañcami, poroœniête lasami liœciastymi o cechach zbiorowisk ciep³olubnych: gr¹d z miodownikiem i ciep³olubna d¹browa jurajska; a tak¿e ciep³olubne zaroœla leszczynowe; jaskinie - najwiêksza 60m d³ugoœci, obfituj¹ce w formamy naciekowe;


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It is the largest cave system (total length of corridors > 1000m) in the Cracow - Wieluñ Upland. It is the long cave, belonging to the group of proglacial caves in the Krzemienna Góra hill.


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Ostoja znajduje siê w Niecce W³oszczowskiej, na wschodniej krawêdzi Wy¿yny Czêstochowskiej. Jest to teren lekko pofalowany porzecinany licznymi ciekami, od po³udniowego wschodu podmok³y, miejscami nawet bardzo silnie, natomiast od pó³nocnego zachodu suchy. Obszar ten charakteryzuje siê zró¿nicowanymi i mozaikowo rozmieszczonymi zespo³ami - ³¹ki, uprawy leœne, wielogatunkowe uprawy leœne i wielogatunkowe lasy liœciaste.


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Zró¿nicowany pod wzglêdem fitosocjologicznym lecz silnie zmieniony antropogenicznie teren zajêty przez lasy, zrêby, ³¹ki i wyrobiska.


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P³askie lub lekko pofalowane równiny morenowe o deniwelacjach nie przekraczaj¹cych 15m; du¿y udzia³ zbiorowisk leœnych w znacznej czêœci naturalnych. W obrêbie ostoi znajduje siê Ÿródliskowy obszar dorzecza górnej Liswarty, jednej z czyœciejszych rzek woj. czêstochowskiego.


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Zbiornik wodny zbudowany w górnym odcinku rzeki Warty.


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Hodowlane stawy rybne w dolinie Pilicy, po³o¿one wœród zabagnionych, wilgotnych ³¹k. W pod³o¿u zalegaj¹ nieprzepuszczalne gliny.


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Stawy rybne na pó³nocny zachód od Starego Olesna, w dolinie rzeczki Wilcza Woda. S¹ one czêœciowo wyp³ycone i zaroœniête, otoczone lasami.


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podmok³e drzewostany granicz¹ce z ³¹kami i wrzosowiskami;


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œródleœne torfowiska wokó³ dwóch stawów Mikuliny i Jeleniak;


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Torfowisko niskie w obrêbie doliny Pilicy, w jej górnym biegu (od ujœcia Krzytni do Przy³êku). Jest to ostatni niezmeliorowany odcinek górnego biegu rzeki i zmiany antropogenne w samej dolinie sa nieznaczne. Dolina jest p³aska bez wyraŸnej strefy krawêdziowej (do 1 km szerokoœci) du¿e jej fragmenty s¹ zabagnione. Rzeka p³ynie w g³êbokim korycie, naturalnie wy¿³obionym i silnie meandruje. Do krawêdzi doliny dochodza du¿e kompleksy leœne, w dwóch miejscach w¹skimi pasami oddzielaj¹ dolinê od rozleg³ych torfowisk niskich: Bia³e B³ota, Goleniowy. Na krótkim odcinku (10-12 km) zarejestrowano w 1982 roku 118 gatunków ptaków.


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Jaskinia w wapieniach dewoñskich z naciekami i namuliskami.


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Najwy¿sze wzniesienie Gór Chêciñskich zbudowane z wapieni paleozoicznych. Liczne zjawiska krasowe; Œlady dawnego (z poprzednich wieków) górnictwa jak równie¿ poaustriacka sztolnia.


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Jaskinia w rezerwacie, ktory obejmuje wzgórze zbudowane z wapieni paleozoicznych ze zjawiskami krasowymi; stanowisko paleontologiczne.


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Zbocze w zakolu rzeki Kamiennej poroœniête monokultur¹ sosny zwyczajnej i lasem mieszanym sosnowo-dêbowym.


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Wzgórza poroœniête lasem mieszanym i sosnowym; w otoczeniu kamienio³omy.


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Zbocza wapiennych wzgórz poroœniête murawami ciep³olubnymi, zaroœlami i widnymi laskami sosnowymi. W wielu miejscach opuszczone ju¿ lub jeszcze czynne kamienio³omy.


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Wapienne wzgórza poroœniête ciep³olubnymi murawami i lasem.


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Dobrze zachowane fragmenty torfowiska wysokiego i przejœciowego, 2km na SW od wsi Jedle i na trudno dostêpnych fragmentach torfowiska wystêpuj¹ oczka wodne.


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Zespó³ torfowisk wysokich i przejœciowych powsta³ych w obni¿eniu terenu piaszczystej terasy zalewowej rzeki Belnianki. Otoczony jest piaszczystymi wzgórzami zajêtymi pod uprawy. Mi¹¿szoœæ z³o¿a torfu 5.5m a wiek najg³êbszej warstwy ok. 10000lat.


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Ostoja po³o¿ona u podnó¿a Pasma Cisowskiego na dziale wodnym Czarnej i Bielnianki. Jest to kompleks torfowisk i zespo³ów leœnych zwi¹zanych z terenami podmok³ymi i wilgotnymi. Kompleks ten zalega w bezodp³ywowej niecce otoczonej wzniesieniami wydmowymi poroœniêtymi lasami.


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A large pond situated in a treeless area. Meadows to the south are periodically flooded. A shortage in water supply has brought about very low water levels in many of ponds, which attracts waders and encourages more growth of emergent vegetation.


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A compact pond complex situated at the Nida river, 20 ha riverside forest border the site to the west. Small forest adjacent to its northern side.


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The site includes the highest part of Œwiêtokrzyskie Mountains - old mountains formed by folding (Hercynian orogenesis). A characteristic feature of their slopes are bare boulder fields named "go³oborza". The site is mostly covered by forests composed chiefly of fir (64% of timber stock), pine (20%) and beech (8%). Some parts of forest are greatly changed in its composition by man's husbandry. There are also small enclaves of meadows and pastures. In the streams of the £ysogóry Mts. 15 species of stoneflies (Plecoptera) were found. The site is the refugium for some mountain Plecoptera species e.g. for: Diura bicaudata, Protonemura auberti Ill. (Kittel, 1991). Na terenie £ysogór stwierdzono 106 gatunków muchówek z rodziny Limoniidae, w tej liczbie 10 gatunków odnotowano w Polsce tylko z tych gór (Wiedeñska, 1991). Z £ysogór podaje siê blisko 400 gatunków motyli (Œliwiñski, Wi¹ckowski, Marciniak 1991)


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Lasy iglaste i mieszane porastaj¹ce pasma Cisowskie i Or³owieñskie. Lasy te obejmuj¹ drzewostany jod³owe, sosnowo-jod³owe i bukowo-jod³owe z udzia³em jaworu, klonu i cisa, odnawiaj¹ce siê z samosiewu. Niektóre fragmenty o charakterze pierwotnym s¹ pozosta³oœci¹ Puszczy Œwiêtokrzyskiej, np. las bukowy chroniony w rezerwacie "Zamczysko", mieszany w rezerwacie "Cisów". Teren malowniczo pofa³dowany. U podnó¿a Pasma Cisowskiego, na dziale wodnym, w niecce otoczonej zalesionymi wydmami znajduje siê kompleks torfowisk, przechodz¹cy miejscami w niedostêpne grzêzawiska. Tutaj bierze swój pocz¹tek Czarna Staszowska - odprowadzaj¹ca wody z wiêkszêj czêœci tych lasów, oraz potok Trupieñ.


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Ostojê stanowi dolina Nidy na odcinku oko³o 60 km wraz z meandrami i starorzeczami oraz towarzyszacymi im zaroœlami i ³¹kami. W rozszerzeniach doliny wystêpuj¹ tereny podmok³e (np. torfowiska w okolicy Gorys³awic), stawy rybne.


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Dolny odcinek rzeki Nidy. Dolina rzeki ma tu zmienn¹ szerokoœæ. W okolicy Szczytnik uchodzi do Nidy rzeka Maskalis. Tam gdzie Nida ma szerok¹ dolinê wystêpuj¹ tereny podmok³e intensywnie meliorowane a dno doliny przecinaj¹ rowy melioracyjne.


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Kompleks stawów rybnych otoczonych trzcinowiskami.


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okresowo zalewane fragmenty bagien przylegaj¹ce do zbiornika zaporowego;


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Podmok³e lasy z licznymi ciekami, ³¹ki i stawy;


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Bagna i wody otoczone ze wszystkich stron lasami (bory), liczne zatoczki, pó³wyspy i wysepki z roœlinnoœci p³ywaj¹cej; zarastaj¹cy œródleœny zbiornik wodny po³o¿ony na zboczu wzniesienia kredowego czêœciowo pokrytego piaskami polodowcowymi tworz¹cymi wydmy o wzgl. wys. 5 -12 m; zbiornik wodny £ugi o pow. 25,51 ha, w czêœci (ok. 7 ha) wyp³ycona i zarastaj¹ca roœlinnoœci¹ oczeretow¹ i szuwarow¹ przechodz¹ca w trzêsawisko. Zbiornik otaczj¹ tereny b³otnisto-bagienne i leœne; lasy sosnowe ró¿nego wieku z domieszk¹ innych gatunków drzew, na siedliskach boru œwie¿ego, boru suchego, boru wilgotnego i boru bagiennego.


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Zbiornik zaporowy na rzece Kamiennej, od strony pó³nocno-wschodniej przylegaj¹ do niego ³¹ki.


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Kompleks lesny usytuowany w pó³nocnej czêœci Gór Œwiêtokrzyskich. W ostoi dominuj¹ lasy mieszane œwie¿e oraz lasy z du¿ym udzia³em jod³y i modrzewia. Tereny podmok³e zajmuje bagienny bór trzcinnikowy, borealna œwierczyna na torfach, podgórski ³êg jesiomowy; naturalne wychodnie ska³ z ró¿nych okresów geologicznych np. piaskowców dewoñskich.


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Ostoja obejmuje czêœæ szczytowej oraz zachodnie zbocze góry Kamieñ Mnichowski - najwy¿szego wzniesienia Pasma Sieradowickiego. Góra, jak zreszt¹ ca³e Pasmo - zbudowana jest ze ska³ dolnodewoñskich. Kompleks dewoñski zbudowany jest z wzajemnie przewarstwiaj¹cych siê pisakowców, mu³owców i i³owców. Piaskowce kwarcytowe czêsto ods³aniaj¹ siê na powierzchni w postaci interesuj¹cych form skalnych. W obrêbie ostoi znajduje siê zespó³ ska³ek zbudowanych z piaskowców kwarcytowych. Ska³ki te rozlokowane s¹ na zachodnim, stromym zboczu niewielkiego grzbietu odchodz¹cego od szczytu góry w kierunku pó³nocno zachodnim. Tworz¹ one ci¹g urwisk, wystêpów, progów i ambon skalnych o d³ugoœci oko³o 200 m. Najwiêksza i najbardziej interesuj¹ca grupa ska³ek znajduje siê w pó³nocno-zachodniej czêœci ci¹gu i sk³ada siê z kilku wielkich monolitów. Ska³ki poroœniête s¹ mchami, porostami oraz roœlinnoœci¹ runa i podszytu. W otoczeniu ska³ek roœnie las mieszany bukowo-sosnowy i bukowy z domieszk¹ dêbu.


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A fragment of the previous Œwiêtokrzyska Forest, covering the west part of Wzgórza Suchedniowskie. These are mostly natural stands. The site includes the spring areas of Krasna, Bobrza and Kamionka rivers.


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Jest to fragment wiêkszego kompleksu leœnego, po³o¿onego na zachód od Suchedniowa. Obejmuje naturalne drzewostany mieszane o strukturze piêtrowej. Dominuje jod³a, w domieszce modrzew (bêd¹cy w niektórych partiach lasów gatunkiem g³ównym), d¹b sosna, buk, jawor, œwierk. Wiek drzewostanów w zachodniej czêœci (Œwinia Góra) waha siê od 120 do 200 lat, we wschodniej 80 do 150 lat. We wschodniej czêœci kompleksu wystêpuj¹ tereny wilgotne i podmok³e, w zag³êbieniach terenu p³aty roœlinnoœci bagiennej. Charakterystyczn¹ cech¹ lasów w tym rejonie jest zmiana siedliska na skutek przekszta³cenia pierwotnej pokrywy glebowej w wyniku eksploatacji rud ¿elaza. Pierwotne gleby, z natury silnie kwaœne zosta³y w wyniku eksploatacji wzbogacone w ska³y wêglanowe i nabra³y cech gleb mezotroficznych, a nawet eutroficznych i na nich wykszta³ci³y siê mezofilne lasy bukowo-jod³owe. W lasach znajduj¹ siê pozosta³oœci kopalñ z XVII, XIX i XX w. Tereny pogórnicze maj¹ charakterystyczne ukszta³towanie; s¹ to pola zag³êbieñ otoczonych pierœcieniami ha³d.


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Stawy rybne i ³¹ki otoczone lasem; teren czêœciowo podmok³y.:


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The site comprises forests with adjacent meadows in the south part of Zabrodzka Basin. The north-eastern part of the site (on mineral soils) is covered by oak-hornbeam and oak forests, and mixed forests with pine, oak, beech, fir and spruce. The central and west parts are overgrown with well preserved alder and ash riparian forests.


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Zespo³y roœlinnoœci kserotermicznej na œródleœnej polanie o specyficznym mikroklimacie, otoczonej drzewostanem mieszanym.


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Suche zbocza o po³udniowo-zachodniej wystawie z p³ytk¹ kamienist¹ rêdzin¹, któr¹ porastaj¹ murawy kserotermiczne. W górnych partiach rosn¹ ciep³olubne zaroœla i las. W dolnej i œrodkowej czêœci stoku czêsto zachodz¹ procesy denudacyjne, w wyniku których tworz¹ siê nisze osuwiskowe.


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Góra Zelejowa po³o¿ona w po³udniowo-zachodniej czêœci Gór Œwiêtokrzyskich jest niewysokim ciagiem wzniesieñ wapiennych (œrodkowodewoñskich) o dwóch asymetrycznie wykszta³conych zboczach i ostrej grani górskiej. Pó³nocne zbocza Góry Zelejowej porasta bór sosnowy, natomiast po³udniowe pokryte s¹ roœlinnoœci¹ krzewiast¹ i murawami trawiastymi. Rozwin¹³ siê tu bogaty i rzadko spotykany w skali Polski zespó³ krasu powierzchniowego i podziemnego. Ods³oniêcia ska³ obrazuj¹ ciekawe zjawiska tektoniczne i mineralizacyjne - wystêpowanie szczelin tektonicznych wype³nionych wtórnie grubo- i œredniokrystalicznym kalcytem o ró¿norodnym zabarwieniu. Scementowana ¿y³ami kalcytu ska³a wapienna nosi nazwê "ró¿anki zelejowskiej". Ostoja obejmuje ca³¹ górê nie tylko rezerwat.


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Neolityczna kopalnia krzemienia pasiastego, która by³a eksploatowana przez ludnoœæ kultury pucharów lejkowych oko³o 3500 - 1800 lat p.n.e.Le¿y ona na p³askiej, bezwodnej równinie denudacyjnej, pokrytej cienk¹ pow³ok¹ utworów plejstoceñskich. Teren urozmaicaj zwydmione piaski i wychodz¹ce na powierzchniê ska³y jurajskie w postaci ró¿nego rodzaju wapieni. Cuienka pow³oka utworów czwartorzêdowych, pod któr¹ zalega wietrzej¹ca ska³a wapienna, czyni ten teren ³atwo przepuszczalnym dla wody. Do interesuj¹cych procesów zachodzacych na tym terenie nale¿¹ zjawiska krasowe - wystêpuj¹ tu leje krasowe zwane przez miejscow¹ ludnoœæ "ka³ami". Ze wzglêdu na wielowiekow¹ dzia³alnoœæ cz³owieka roœlinnoœæ nie posiada jednolitego charakteru na tym obszarze. Obserwujemy tu p³aty roœlinnoœci o pojedynczymi krzewami i dominuj¹cym udziale gatunków w³aœciwych murawie kserotermicznej. W innych miejscach wystêpuj¹ dr¹gowiny sosny naturalnego pochodzenia z podszyciem leszczyny lub ja³owca, b¹dŸ starszy las sosnowy ze znacznym udzia³em brzozy brodawkowatej i ze zwartym podszyciem leszczyny, w którym trafiaj¹ siê dêby. Niektóre partie lasu s¹ przebudowywane. Przeœwietlenie drzew i krzewów wp³ywa na obfity rozwój œwiat³olubnej roœlinnoœci zielnej.


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Ostoja obejmuje zespó³ kamienio³omów wapienia zlokalizowany w centralnej czêœci i na po³udniowym zboczu Góry Kopaczowej w Jaworzni. W œcianach kamienio³omów znajduje siê najwiêksze i naj³adniejsze ods³oniêcie kontaktu dwu wielkich jednostek strukturalnych Gór Œwietokrzyskich: trzonu paleozoicznego i os³ony permomezozoicznej. Drugim unikalnym w skali krajowej obiektem w obrêbie ostoi s¹ przejawy krasu podziemnego, w tym dwie jaskinie, z których jedna, o ³¹cznej d³ugosci korytarzy przekraczajacej 1500m stanowi najd³u¿sz¹ jaskiniê w Œrodkowej Polsce. Jest to Chelosiowa Jama, która sk³ada siê z kilku ci¹gów korytarzy i komór oraz studni i kominów. Jej najni¿sze partie siêgaj¹ poziomu wód gruntowych - 50-70m poni¿ej powierzchni ziemi. W dnie jaskini znajduj siê jeziorko wype³niaj¹ce studniê krasow¹. Komory s¹ rozleg³e, a w kilku przypadkachdoœæ wysokie; na niektórych odcinkach korytarzy zachowana jest ³adna szata naciekowa. Druga jaskinia, J. Jaworznicka, liczy ³¹cznie 204m d³ugoœci, a jej g³ównym elementem jest rozleg³a komora zawaliskowa.


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Po³udniowe zbocza leœnego jaru poroœniête lasem gr¹dowym i zaroœlami leszczyny. Niewielkie polanki zachowuj¹ murawow¹ roœlinnoœæ ciep³olubn¹ z licznymi rzadkimi gatunkami.


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Murawy kserotermiczne na stromych partiach zboczy o wystawie po³udniowo-zachodniej. Wychodnie margla kredowego powstajace wskutek procesu denudacji.


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Ostoja obejmuje naturalne formy skalne, wystêpuj¹ce na rozleg³ym wzniesieniu p³askowzgórza. Ci¹g ska³ek ma d³ugoœæ ok. 600 m. W pasie ska³ek wyodrêbniaj¹ wyraŸnie dwa kompleksy: zachodni i wschodni, oddzielone od siebie obni¿eniem. Kompleks zachodni liczy oko³o 10 du¿ych form skalnych tworz¹cych doœæ zwart¹ grupê o charakterze rozcz³onkowanego progu, miejscami zaœ muru skalnego. Rozcz³onkowany wschodni kompleks skalny, licz¹cy ok. 20 du¿ych ska³ i 30 mniejszych ska³ek, sk³ada siê z kilku grup skalnych, które ³ukiem otaczaj¹ od strony po³udniowej, wschodniej i pó³nocnej niewielki grzbiecik odchodz¹cy od wierzchowiny. Formy skalne zbudowane s¹ z piaskowców dolnojurajskich nale¿¹cych do serii ostrowieckiej dolnego liasu. Wiêksze ska³ki wschodniego kompleksu stanowi¹ formy przywierzchniowe, rzadziej wierzchniowem typu progów, ambon, sto³ów a nawet baszt o prawie poziomych powierzchniach i prawie pionowych œcianach. Ska³ki zachodniego kompleksu wyró¿niaj¹ siê najbardziej oruginalnymi kszta³tami i urzeŸbieniem œcian. S¹ to du¿e - o wysokoœci do 8 m - przewa¿nie pociête w dolnej czêœci formy typu grzybów i ambon. Powstanie Piek³a Niek³añskiego oraz wiêkszoœci grup skalnych w regionie œwiêtokrzyskim wi¹¿e siê z dzia³alnoœci¹ korazyjno-deflacyjn¹ wiatrów. Ska³ki Piek³o Niek³añskie znajduj¹ siê w obrêbie lasu lasu - boru sosnowego i mieszanego - w którego drzewostanie dominuj¹: sosna w wy¿szych a d¹b w ni¿szych po³o¿eniach. Jako domieszka wystêpuj¹: brzoza, œwierk, jod³a i buk. Do roku 1963 obserwowano na ska³kach rzadko spotykan¹ paproæ reliktow¹ zanokcicê pó³nocn¹.


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Wzgórze w formie wa³u zbudowanego z wapieni mioceñskich i margli kredowych, pokrytego cienk¹ warstw¹ lessu a miejscami zalegaj¹ piaski. Ostojê stanowi po³udniowo-zachodni stok Garbu Piñczowskiego. Dominuj¹cym typem zbiorowiska s¹ murawy kserotermiczne; w miejscach eroduj¹cych o rozluŸnionej darni tworz¹ siê inicjalne stadia zespo³ów. Murawy poprzecinane s¹ pasami pól i od³ogów. Wystêpuj¹ tu gdzieniegdzie niewielkie sadzone laski sosnowe, brzozowe lub robiniowe, a prowadzony nadal proces zalesiania jesionem, klonem i jaworem oraz naturalne zarastanie drzewami i krzewami, zw³aszcza zwartymi p³atami œliwy tarniny, przyczyniaj¹ siê do degradacji cennych muraw.


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Obszar klasycznie rozwiniêtego krasu gipsowego (jedyny w Polsce ods³oniêty na powierzchni). Czêsto utworom krasowym towarzysz¹ murawy kserotermiczne. Jaskinie na ogó³ ma³e, wiêkszoœæ to fragmenty podziemnych przep³ywów potoków lub pró¿nie skalne niewielkich rozmiarów. S¹ one czêsto wielootworowe, wiêc w œrodku wystêpuj¹ wahania temperatury i wilgotnoœci. Naturalne procesy zwiaz¹ne z krasem prowadz¹ do ci¹g³ych zmian w morfologii terenu. Najciekawsze obok jaskiñ formy krasu gipsowego to œciany, skarpy i progi skalne, leje i uskoki krasowe, kopu³y gipsowe, ods³oniêcia gipsów krystalicznych, tworz¹cych zrosty w postaci "jaskó³czych ogonów". Na ca³ym terenie wystêpuj¹ kamienio³omy zarówno czynne jak i wyeksploatowane.


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Jest to w¹wóz o d³ugoœci 750 m wykszta³cony w mioceñskich gipsach na skutek dzia³ania procesów krasowych. Obficie wystêpuj¹ tu takie formy jak: jaskinie, ponory, zapadliska, mosty skalne. W obrêbie zboczy liczne urwiska skalne, gdzie zosta³y ods³oniête wielkokrystaliczne gipsy szklicowe. Dnem doliny p³ynie potok, czêsto gin¹cy i przyjmuj¹cy postaæ cieku podziemnego. Najciekawsza zajaskiñ to Jaskinia Skorocicka - najd³u¿sza gipsowa jaskinia w Polsce ze sta³ym przep³ywem wód (podziemny strumieñ). Zbocza doliny porastaj¹ zespo³y roœlinnoœci stepowej. Licznie wystêpuj¹ krzewy bzu i tarniny. W dnie w¹wozu podmok³e ³¹ki, tak¿e zbiorowiska nitrofilne.


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Kopulaste, gipsowe wzgórze z silnie zaznaczonymi zjawiskami krasowymi i ods³oniêciami ska³ gipsowych, poroœniête roœlinnoœci¹ charakterystyczn¹ dla ciep³olubnych muraw stepowych.


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Fragment podmok³ej ³¹ki ze Ÿródliskiem siarczano s³onym;


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W œrodkowej czêœci Niecki, na pó³noc od Piñczowa, Nida tworzy rozleg³y obszar ³¹k, bagien i starorzeczy, le¿¹cy miêdzy wsiami Motkowice od pó³nocy i Skowronno od po³udnia. Dno doliny rzecznej, zwykle bardzo wyraŸne o szerokoœci 2 - 2.5 km, w tym rejonie rozszerza siê na kilka kilometrów. Nida ma bardzo ma³y spadek ...... (Smyk 1988), odznacza siê du¿¹ dynamik¹ poziomu wody i na tym odcinku, co roku tworz¹ siê du¿e rozlewiska, które umo¿liwiaj¹ rozwój intensywnej gospodarki rolnej. W miejscach najbardziej zabagnionych rozwinê³y siê trzcinowiska Phragmitetum communis i ³any pa³ki szerokolistnej Typha latifolia oraz manny Glyceria fluitans, w miejscach suchszych przechodz¹ce w bardzo rozleg³e turzycowiska, z dominacj¹ Carex gracilis i ³¹ki koœne o zó¿nicowanym sk³adzie gatunkowym. Koryta odprowadzaj¹ce wodê, wy¿³obione przez wylewy rzeki w miêkkim pod³o¿u maj¹ bardzo w¹skie lustro wody poroœniête w³osienicznikiem wodnym Batrachium aquatile i okrê¿nic¹ Hottonia palustris, zarastaj¹ pa³k¹, je¿og³ówk¹ ga³êzist¹ Sparganium ramosum i czermieni¹ b³otn¹ Calla palustris. Naturalny bagienny wygl¹d zachowa³ obszar miêdzy g³ównym korytem Nidy a Star¹ Nid¹. Liczne s¹ tu starorzecza i oczka, ca³y teren jest podtopiony (g³ównie przy Starej Nidzie). Warunki hydrograficzne omawianego terenu sa bardzo ciekawe: Nida p³ynie tutaj trzema korytami, zbieraj¹c doœæ liczne strumienie i ma³e rzeki. Na terenie rozlewisk, g³ównie nad starorzeczami i kana³ami wystêpuj¹ ma³e, do kilku ha, laski olszynowe zaroœniête turzyc¹ Carex riparia. Wierzby, w postaci wa³u zaroœli szerokiego na kilka metrów wystêpuj¹ wzd³u¿ g³ównego koryta Nidy, a w rozproszeniu wzd³u¿ kana³ów. Niekiedy tworz¹ ma³e remizy wœród rozlewisk. Laski olszynowe s¹ podtopione i zaroœniête turzyc¹ Carex riparia.


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Suche wzgórze poroœniête nasadzeniami sosny, gdzieniegdzie wychodnie ska³ wapiennych tworz¹ce grzêdy, opadaj¹ce stromo ku dolinie rzeki £oœnej;


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U podnó¿a zbocza o ekspozycji po³udniowej, na dnie p³askiej doliny powsta³o torfowisko. Zbocze pokryte jest mezokserotermiczn¹ muraw¹. The slope is built of the detric Sarmat gravels and sands lying on the Cretaceous rocks. These habitats are wet or saturated with water under pressure which leaks out at the border, and flows down the slope. These waters are rich in oxygene and mineral compounds, especially in CaCO3.


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It is a mosaic of forest communities with the predominance of mixed pine woods - Querco roboris-Pinetum. Along the Bobrówka stream valley there are well preserved fragments of river carrs. The site includes large areas of marshes and 5 larger lakes, which are suitable habitats for rare boreal and atlantic plant species.


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It is a group of lakes (Bikcze, Bikcze, Rotcze and Sumin) situated within large peatland. The greatest lake is Uœciwierz (284 ha, av. depth 3.1 m) of eutrophic type with extensive reedbeds. Lakes are surrounded by a mosaic of open sedge fens and Salix/Betula thickets. Thera are also a number of peat-holes.


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It is a dystrophic lake, surrounded by a peat-bog and fragments of forest communities.


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las dêbowy z przewag¹ dêbu bezszypu³kowego (Quercus petrea) przy wschodniej granicy zasiêgu tego gatunku; ci¹g sukcesyjny zbiorowisk leœnych od wilgotnuch do suchych;


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This is a 36 km stretch of the natural channel of Vistula river between Józefów and Kazimierz with meanders, high banks, and numerous islands. These islands vary in character from low, bare sandy islets or occupied by pastures. River banks and flood terrace are covered by oziers, transformed Salix-Populus carrs, hay-meadows and pastures. Rzeka jest w niewielkim stopniu u¿ytkowana jako szlak ¿eglowny.


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Ostojê stanowi¹ wilgotne ³¹ki nad zalewem i polany w s¹siaduj¹cym z nim ma³ym kompleksie leœnym;


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Dolina niedu¿ej rzeki charakteryzuj¹ca siê du¿¹ ró¿norodnoœci¹ siedlisk. Przewa¿aj¹ca czêœæ ostoi jest u¿ytkowana rolniczo (90% grunty orne, 8% ³¹ki). Lasy jedynie w postaci niewielkich enklaw. Interesuj¹ce zbiorowiska wodne, szuwarowe, bagienne, torfowiskowe i kserotermiczne.


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The area includes 5 large lakes (D³ugie, Moszne - dystrofic, Karaœne, £ukie - eutrophic, Wytyckie) surrounded with peat-bogs and marshes. Forests (wet and fresh coniferous forests dominated by pine, and alderwood) cover ca. 56% of the area, marshes and peatbogs - 23%, waters - 5.4%, meadows and pastures 13.6%, arable land ca. 2%. The most characteristic feature of the area are vast and well preserved peat-bogs of the valley type overgrown with rich vegetation, dominated by szuwar turzycowy (large sedge communities);


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It is a vast flat lowland area of a seemingly monotonous landscape which, however, abounds in different forms of relief. Due to the shallow position of impermeable formation a considerable part of the site is permanently or periodically soaked with water. The characteristic feature is a dense network of ditches, streams and rivers. The area includes 66 lakes (of the area greater than 1 ha), greatly differentiated, both as regards their morphology and trophic state. The largest is Uœciwierz lake (284 ha). There are also 11 complexes of fish ponds. As concerns the area and state of preservation of peat-bogs and marshes the £êczna-W³odawa lakeland is next to the Biebrza Marshes. Altogether marshes, peat-bogs and sandy vaste land cover 25% of the area, forests - 21%, pastures and meadows - 21%, cultivated fields - 32%. Larger forest complexes are situated in the east part of the area (Sobibór Forests, W³odawa Forests), and in north-west Parczew Forests. The area is, in general, poorly populated. The coal-mine - Bogdanka - is situated near £êczna in the south-western part of the area.


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It is a forest complex situated in the east part of the £êczna-W³odawa lake district between the villages of Sobibór and Stulno. The site is a mosaic of biotopes. In the northern part, on poor sandy soils lichen-, bog-pine and mixed coniferous forests prevail; in the southern part, on more fertile soils, predominate lime-hornbeam forests, mixed pine-oak forests, and remnants of riverine carrs. The site includes seven lakes: Spólne, Brudno, Brudzieniec, Pereszpa, Koseniec, P³otycze, Orchowe, and large areas of peat bogs.


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A fish farming estate consisting of 4 large ponds and 60 smaller ones. Most are overgrown with Phragmites and Typha. Other habitats include Pinus and Fraxinus/Alnus forest and peatbogs.


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Szczególne znaczenie dla stosunków wodnych, a w konsekwencji powstania torfowisk w przedstawianym rejonie ma p³aszcz wêglanowych osadów mezozoicznych o mi¹¿szoœci oko³o 700 m oraz utwory czwartorzêdowe wype³niaj¹ce zag³êbienia kredowe i nadbudowuj¹ce osady kredowego pod³o¿a. RzeŸba rejonu Bagna Bubnów ma charakterystyczne cech "poleskie": rozleg³oœæ terenów stale lub czasowo podmok³ych oraz p³ytkie wystêpowanie wód podziemnych. Pozorna monotonnoœæ rzeŸby ukrywa bogactwo form geomorfologicznych. Wystêpuj¹ce tu ozy i kemy s¹ najdalej wysuniêtymi na po³udnie kraju formami tego typu. The site includes two adjacent peat bogs: Bagno Bubnów and Bagno Staw connected with each other by a narrow belt of marshes, surrounded by agricultural land. These are valley peat bogs (fens) dominated by large sedge communities. Characteristic is the occurrence of small elevations (0.5-1m) with Molinietum medioeuropaeum association. The mantle of carbonate mesozoic sediments (ca. 700m thick) and quaternary formations filling a cretaceous depression are of great importance for water circulation in the area. The relief of the region of Bubnów Marshes has typical "Polesie" features: extensive areas permanently or periodicaly waterlogged with not-deep underground water table. The seemingly monotonous relief of the site comprises numerous geomorphological forms such as eskers and kames which have here their southernmost places of occurrence.


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These are two adjacent shallow storage reservoirs (390ha, 240ha) situated in the drainage basin of Hanna and Zielawa rivers, surrounded by mixed forest and same Alnus swamps (130ha). In the neighbourhood of the site there are also arable fields and pastures. About 30% of the area of reservoirs is overgrown with rushes and Salix thickets. Reservoirs are used for fish-farming.


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Rzeka p³ynie miêdzy dwoma p³atami sandrowymi (wysokoœæ zboczy 3 - 6m, nachylenie do 30stop.). Dno doliny szerokie, wype³nione torfami, terasa z ma³ymi pagórkami. Zbocza poroœniête lasem naturalnym. Przewa¿a bór mieszany œwie¿y, ols i las mieszany. Rzeka g³êboka do 2m, na dnie zalega cienka warstwa mu³u, pod nim piasek i ¿wir.


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W granicach ostoi znalaz³y siê œródleœne jeziora (Spólne, Kosieniec, Pereszpa) oraz mokrad³a (na pó³noc od Osowy), torfowiska, lasy - du¿e powierzchnie olesów i otaczaj¹ce je bory ze zrêbami i uprawami leœnymi. Przez ostojê przep³ywa rzeka Tarasinka. Brzegi jezior s¹ w wiêkszoœci niedostêpne ze wzglêdu na po³o¿enie wœród bagien, podmok³ych ³¹k i lasów.


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Ostoja obejmuje sródleœne jeziora (Jez. Brudzieniec, Jez. Brudno i Jez. P³otycze) z przyleg³ymi torfowiskami i fragmentami otaczaj¹cych je lasów (bory mieszane, œwie¿e, bagienne i chrobotkowe oraz olesy).


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These are mixed coniferous and lime-hornbeam forests including beautiful stands with Quercus sesilis. The former occupy dry, sandy elevations, the latter - more fertile habitats on mild slopes and in depressions, in the vicinity of the carstic sinks which are charakteristic feature of the area. In the herb layer - rare plant species.


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Torfowiska niskie typu wêglanowego le¿¹ce na pograniczu nizin poleskich i Wy¿yny Lubelskiej powsta³y w wyniku akumulacji materia³u organicznego i mineralnego, w bêd¹cych efektem dzia³alnoœci krasu powierzchniowego zag³êbieniach terenu tzw. wetebach. Torfowiska zasilane s¹ wy³¹cznie przez opady i wody sp³ywaj¹ce z otaczaj¹cych wzniesieñ. Najwiêkszy udzia³ w procesach torfotwórczych mia³a tu k³oæ wiechowata Cladium mariscus. Cladietum marisci pokrywa ok. 50% powierzchni torfowisk. Drugim istotnym elementem krajobrazu torfowisk s¹ suche wysepki i pó³wyspy z p³ytko zalegaj¹cymi pok³adami kredy. S¹ to œródtorfowiskowe wynios³oœci terenu zwane "gr¹dzikami" poroœniête albo zbiorowiskami Potentillo albae-Quercetum (prawdopodobnie pierwotnymi dla tego siedliska) albo antropogenicznymi murawami kserotermicznymi.: A complex of five carbonate marshes (Gotówka, BrzeŸno, Roskosz, B³ota Sereberyjskie and Stefanów dominated by Cladium mariscus (Cladietum marisci covers over 50% of the area) and partly overgrown with Salix and Betula. Amidst peat-bogs there are numerous "chalk islands" overgrown with steppe vegetation or willow, birch and poplar tchickets. Most of the marshland is cut by network of old drainage ditches, which is connected with the network of small water courses. Marshes originated as a result of accumulation of organic and mineral matter in area depressions, which are an effect of surface carst activity. Marshes are fed by participation and waters flowing from surrounding them hills. Adjacent to mashes meadows support the interesting flora with Trollius europaeus, Ostericum palustre, Polygala amarella etc.


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Ostojê stanowi fragment niskiego torfowiska dolinowego le¿¹cego pomiêdzy kredowymi pagórkami z licznymi zag³êbieniami krasowymi i kserotermami.


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It is a stretch of Bug river valley between villages of Matcze and Œwier¿e. The river channel is of a natural character with numerous meanders and ox-bow lakes. The channel is deeply cut, escarpments reach a few meters. River valley is mostly covered by meadows, small fragments of degraded riparian carrs, willow thickets, and arable fields.


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It is rather shallow reservoir (depth does not exceed 2.5m constructed on Udal river - the tributary of Bug). Ca. half of its area is overgrown with reed bed and Stratiotes aloides.


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Szczyt pagórka wapiennego poroœniêty muraw¹ kserotermiczn¹ i muraw¹ zarastaj¹c¹ krzewami i drzewami.


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Lasy po³o¿one w œrodkowej czêœci piaszczystej równiny; teren p³aski, urozmaicony wzniesieniami wydmowymi, lekko nachylony w kierunku po³udniowo-zachodnim; odwadniany przez szereg cieków, z których wiele ma tu swoje obszary Ÿródliskowe (rzeki:Bia³a Branew, Czartosowa, Rakowa oraz Bukowa i Sanna). Sieæ rzeczn¹ uzupe³niaj¹ liczne kana³y i rowy. Obszary bezodp³ywowe lub okresowo przep³ywowe zajête s¹ przez torfowiska wysokie lub przejœciowe, z których czêœæ zamieniono jeszcze w ubieg³ym stuleciu w stawy rybne (ok. 150 sztuk - ka¿dy po 10-50 ha). Istnieje kilka kompleksów takich stawów w ró¿nym stopniu zaroœniêtych roœlinnoœci¹, a w ich otoczeniu czêste s¹ torfowiska albo kontrastuj¹ce siedliskowo wydmy piaszczyste poroœniête borami sosnowymi i mieszanymi. Wœród roœlinnoœci przewa¿aj¹ zbiorowiska leœne (80%). Najwiêcej jest siedlisk borowych (bory sosnowe œwie¿e, bory mieszane jod³owe, bory mieszane œwierkowo-dêbowe, borealne œwierczyny torfowe, bory sosnowe bagienne, a na wydmach bory sosnowe suche). Du¿¹ czêœæ powierzchni zajmuj¹ te¿ siedliska lasu liœciastego: kwaœne buczyny, ¿yzna buczyna karpacka, lasy mieszane, ³êgi i olsy. 50% powierzchni ostoi to siedliska wilgotne.  It is a large dense forest complex, forming a north-eastern part of Solska Pristine Forests. The complex is drained by numerous water courses, many of which have here their spring areas. Southern boundary of the site constitutes the Bukowa river, a part of northern one - Sanna river. The site abounds in raised and transitional peat-bogs a part of which have been changed in the past century into ponds. There are now ca. 150 such ponds (10 -50ha in area) forming a number of complexes. Ponds are overgrown to a different degree; their surroundings are often mires or, in contrast, sandy dunes covered by pine woods or mixed forests. Forest cover ca 80% of the area, they are mostly (85%) coniferous forests (fresh pine woods, mixed fir forests, mixed spruce-oak forests, boreal marshy spruce woods, marshy pine woods, and on dunes dry pine woods). On more fertile soils there occur deciduous forests - acid and fertile Carpathian beechwoods, mixed forests, riverine carrs and alder swamps. Many parts of forests are difficult of access. In general - moist habitats occupy ca 50% of the area. uwaga! w "s³adce polski opis Kasi, do przemyœlenia!!!


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Rozleg³y kompleks torfowisk i wilgotnych lasów. Przewa¿aj¹c¹ czêœæ osoi zajmuj¹ bagna torfowiska wysokiegi i przejœciowego. W zachodniej czêœci obszaru znajduj¹ siê stawy rybne otoczone pierœcieniem wielkich turzyc. Na wschodnim krañcu torfowiska wystêpuje bór bagienny. Nieco wy¿ej po³o¿one tereny porastaj¹ lasy sosnowe z domieszk¹ brzozy i olchy. Od pó³nocy i zachodu znajduj¹ siê wa³y wydmowe, poroœniête lasem sosnowym.


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Ostoja po³o¿ona jest na pod³o¿u gipsowym. Pola wertebów (lejków krasowych) s¹ zwi¹zane z istnieniem dwóch poziomów wód gruntowych. Czêœæ lejków zalana wod¹ inne zatorfione lub suche. Reprezentuj¹ ró¿ne stadia rozwojowe; bujny rozwój roœlinnoœci wodnej i bagiennej. Nietypowo rozwiniête olsy na torfach ombrotorficznych. Lejki zró¿nicowane pod wzglêdem kszta³tu, nachylenia zboczy, g³êbokoœci, powierzchni. G³êbokoœæ wody od kilku cm do 18m, wysokoœæ zboczy od kilku do kilkunastu m.


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Ostoja obejmuje kompleks stawów rybnych pomiêdzy Bud¹ Stalowsk¹ a Grzybowym Berdem; od po³udnia przylega do Puszczy Sandomierskiej. Z pozosta³ych stron stawy otoczone s¹ wilgotnymi ³¹kami. Niektóre stawy gêsto zaroœniête trzcin¹. Wysepki na stawach stanowi¹ dogodne miejsca lêgowe.


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Strona krawêdŸ Wis³y, do 60m wysokoœci zbudowana z ³upków kambryjskich, pociêta g³êbokimi rynnami erozyjnymi - niemal pozbawionymi gleby; warunki spowodowa³y powstanie wielu endemicznych taksonów z rodzaju Rosa; murawy typu ostnicowego i zaroœla kserotermiczne;


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Czarna przep³ywa przez okolice zabudowane i zalesione, ko³o Staszowa kompleks stawów rybnych [Rytwiaty (=Grobla) i Sieragi].


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It is a small forest complex near the Polish-Ukrainian border, between the Bug and We³nianka rivers, waterlogged in places. Oak-hornbeam stands dominate. Riparian carrs and poinewoods cover a small part of the area.


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2 stanowiska smu¿ki w krajobrazie rolniczym.


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Obejmuje odcinek doliny Rachanki, poprzecinany rowami melioracyjnymi, trochê lasków, pastwisk i nieu¿ytków.


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Ostojê stanowi¹ dwa stanowiska smu¿ki w terenie rolniczym, z zadrzewieniami, w du¿ej czêœci z nieu¿ytkami, pociêtym kana³ami melioracyjnymi.


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Jest to rozleg³y kompleks leœny po³o¿ony w strefie kontaktu Roztocza i Kotliny Sandomierskiej, przeciêty licznymi dolinami rzecznymi. Prze³amuj¹ce siê przez KrawêdŸ Roztocza rzeki tworz¹ systemy niewielkich wodospadów, zwanych szumami, o du¿ej atrakcyjnoœci krajobrazowej. Dominuj¹ bory sosnowe: od boru suchego i œwie¿ego poprzez wilgotny do bagiennego. Znaczna czêœæ drzewostanów to stosunkowo m³ode monokultury sosnowe. Bardzo liczne tereny bagienno-torfowiskowe w po³udniowej i zachodniej czêœci ostoi decyduj¹ o du¿ej wartoœci przyrodniczej tego obszaru. Ostoja obejmuje ponadto kompleks stawów rybnych w rejonie Rudy Ró¿anieckiej.


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Ostoja obejmuje odcinek potoku Sopot z jego wodospadami (na przestrzeni 400 m potok sapada 24 progami. Dno doliny porastaj¹ naturalne lasy ³êgowe, jedynie w ma³ych p³atach zast¹pione przez podmok³e ³¹ki. Zbocza pokrywa wilgotny bór sosnowo-jod³owo-œwierkowy.


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It is a strech of Tanew River valley (and small stretch of its tributary Jeleñ) deeply cut into the sandy and chalk edge of Roztocze, dividing the southern part of the Solska Forest. The flood terrace is distinctly marked in its profile. The river is meandering here. The river bed is bordered by the rows of trees, mainly alders, rarely tiles and willows. The flood terrace is covered by hay-meadows and alderwoods (in some places, with reed). The higher part of the slopes are overgrown by the spruce forest with the admixture of firs, oaks and birches. The plateau is occupied by the pinewood. The river forms numerous cascades.


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It is a marshy and peat-bog part of the Solska Forest in the drainage basin of the Czarna £ada River. The area cumulates huge amounts of water. Besides marshes and peatbogs there are small sandy islands and mostly sandy ramparts. The area is covered by marshy coniferous forest with Ledum palustre, cotton-grass, bog bilberry and mosses. In drier places there are fresh and dry pine forests.


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It is a complex of magnificent, structurally varied forests of Central Roztocze, cut by the Wieprz River valley. The area also includes agricultural land and rural settlements. Natural old stands cover a large part of the site. They represent different types of pine woods (chiefly fresh) fir forests and beech woods. Smaller areas are occupied by oak-hornbeam forests, alder swamps and riverine carrs. There are also small water bodies (eg. Czarny Staw) and a larger complex of ponds - "Echo", c. 40 ha.


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Torfowisko przejœciowe i wysokie w rozleg³ej doline górnego biegu rzek Topornicy i Wieprzca, otoczone zmeliorowanymi ³¹kami kwaœnymi.


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These are meadows and old river beds on the wide flood terrace of the Bug River, together with xerothermic communities on high steep walls and escarpments forming the western slopes of the river valley.


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Na nieu¿ytku po³o¿onym w pobli¿u lasu, wykorzystywanym jako pastwisko, ¿yje 100-200 osobników sus³a pere³kowanego. Od 1984 r. obserwowany rozwój kolonii.


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Niewielkie wzgórze wapienne wœród piasków, otoczone polami uprawnymi i lasami. Poroœniête muraw¹ kserotermiczn¹, miejscami zarastaj¹ca drzewami i krzewami.


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Ostoja obejmuje zbocze wzgórza o ekspozycji po³udniowej, na pod³o¿u wapiennym. Murawa kserotermiczna znajduje siê w fazie silnego zarastania sosn¹ i krzewami. Nieliczne osobniki Carlina onopordifolia w wiêkszoœci nie dochodz¹ do stadium generatywnego z powodu du¿ego ocienienia. Od roku 1981 liczebnoœæ osobników spad³a z 58 do kilku.


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Pastwisko granicz¹ce z polami uprawnymi, lasem i zabudowaniami wsi Hubale; centralna czêœæ pastwiska znajduje siê w obni¿eniu terenu i jest podmok³a.


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Ostoja stanowi nieu¿ytek przy drodze ³¹cz¹cej szosê Ulhówek-Wasylów ze Szczepiatynem. Liczne nory stwierdzono tak¿e na poboczach szosy. W okresie dojrzewania zbó¿ sus³y migruj¹ na pobliskie pola.


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Pastwisko zlokalizowane na dwóch ³agodnie opadajacych zboczach.


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Grupa 18 okazów modrzewia polskiego w lesie mieszanym, w obrêbie kompleksu leœnego (Tarnawatka- Werechanie).


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Ostoje obejmuje jedno z nielicznych na ZamojszczyŸnie naturalnych jezior (10,2 ha), o g³êbokoœci do kilku metrów, po³o¿one w zag³êbieniu krasowym. Powsta³o w plejstocenie w utworach górnokredowych (wapienie margliste). W strefie brzegowej jeziora wystêpuj¹ torfowiska niskie, a w dalszej odleg³oœci pola uprawne.


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Jest to bezleœne wzgórze, poroœniête roslinnoœci¹ stepow¹, u¿ywane jako pastwisko. W otoczeniu wzgórza wystêpuj¹ pola uprawne, murawy kserotermiczne i wilgotne ³¹ki rozci¹gaj¹ce siê w Ÿródliskowej depresji rzeki Bia³ki.


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Po³udniowe, lessowe zbocze o nachyleniu 45 stopni, rozciête w¹wozem z obrywami. Dno doliny p³askie, ze starorzeczami. Na wierzchowinie pola uprawne.


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Du¿y zespó³ stawów rybnych w dolinie górnego Wieprza. Zbiorniki zasilane s¹ wod¹ z Wieprza, czêœæ z nich od lat nie jest zalewana, podlegaj¹ wiêc zarastaniu. Stawy przedstawiaja szerokie spektrum siedliskowe, od otwartych wód i ods³oniêtych miejscami ¿yznych mielizn (sezonowo opró¿niane s¹ niektóre zbiorniki) poprzez przejœciowe stadia sukcesyjne z przewag¹ trzcin, pa³ki i turzyc po zaroœla wierzbowo-brzozowe i m³ode laski. W otoczeniu - mozaika lasów, ³¹k i pól uprawnych, a tak¿e zabudowania.


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Starorzecze Odry w terasie zalewowej po lewobrze¿nej stronie ujœcia Nysy K³odzkiej z pozosta³oœciami lasu ³êgowego, pod wysok¹ skarp¹; na ca³ej d³ugoœci terasy brzeg stromy; od strony doliny Odry starorzecze wyp³ycone i zaroœniête; pod³o¿e piaszczyste; g³êbokoœæ przekracza 4m, kotewka porasta g³ównie toñ wodn¹ o g³êbokoœci 90-160 cm; w czasie wylewów przechodzi przez starorzecze fala powodziowa.


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ród³a znajduj¹ siê na wys. ok. 830m npm. na zboczach Jesioników w Czechach. Po stronie czeskiej znajduje siê te¿ 75% zlewni tej rzeki. D³ugoœæ rzeki wynosi 55km i uchodzi ona do zbiornika Nyskiego (Jezioro G³êbinowskie). Rzeka wije siê kret¹ malownicz¹ dolin¹ z prze³omowym odcinkiem d³. 2,5 km (powy¿ej G³ucho³azów). Na odcinku prze³omowym wysokoœæ zboczy dochodzi do kilkunastu metrów. Prze³omy powsta³y w wyniku erozji trzeciorzêdowej pod³o¿a zbudowanego z zespo³u zmetamorfizowanych ska³ osadowych. Powy¿ej G³ucho³azów zlewnia zalesiona jest w oko³o 50%, w dolnym biegu rzeka plynie przez teren bezleœny pokryty lessem. Koryto regulowane, przewa¿nie kamieniste poroœniête glonami oraz roœlinami naczyniowymi m.in. moczark¹ kanadyjsk¹ i rdestnic¹ trawiast¹.


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G³ucho³askie sztolnie u stóp Góry Chrobrego - kolonia zimowa podkowca ma³ego; na tym terenie wystepuj¹ kwarcyty ³upki kwarcytowe, ³upki ³uszczykowe, pegmatyty, które by³y w œredniowieczu eksploatowane ze wzglêdu na zawartoœæ, sfalerytu, challopirytu, galenitu i z³otonoœnego pirytu. Sztolnia nr 1 znajduje siê przy promenadzie, nad rzk¹ w uzdrowiskowej czeœci miasta G³ucho³azy (3km od brzegu rzeki). Jest to tunel d³. 20m i 2.5m wysokoœci jej wylot jest na œcianie skalnej o wysokoœci 25m i szerokoœci 32m. Sztolnia nr 2 znajduje siê w pobli¿u Ÿród³a "¯egnalce".


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Naturalne fragmenty prze³omu i doliny rzeki Œcinawy Niemodliñskiej (na odcinku od Jegielnicy do Ligoty Tu³owickiej). Rzeka przecina zachodni kraniec Borów Niemodliñskich. Na lewym brzegu ko³o Korfantowa - Koksa, przeœwietlona d¹browa, miejscami z domieszk¹ œwierka i olchy, fragmenty olsu - wiek oko³o 100 lat i gêste p³aty czeremchy.


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Bory mieszane z drzewostanem oko³o 280-letnim i lasy liœciaste porastaj¹ce p³aski, wyniesiony teren. Prowadzony w pocz¹tkach lat 80-tych wyr¹b spowodowa³ wzrost udzia³u drzewostanów m³odych. Ostoja obejmuje te¿ œródleœne torfowiska, fragmentami silnie podtopione.


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The complex consists of 7 ponds (6-160 ha in size); most of them have heavily been modified. Only the largest pond has an extensive area of reed; three ponds have artificial islands. There are small patches of birch and oak woods, alder woods and spruce monocultures. The complex is surrounded by forests, mostly mixed (pine, spruce, oak and birch). Two ponds border on fens (altogether 15 ha).


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Staw otoczony szuwarami, utworzony na Potoku Prószkowskim


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Rzeka przep³ywaj¹ca przez Bory Stobrawskie


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Staw ze stanowiskiem kotewki - orzecha wodnego


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Teren porasta las z dominuj¹cymi dêbem i jesionem, zajmuj¹cy, wed³ug nomenklatury leœników, siedlisko lasu ³êgowego. Dorodne drzewostany, dêbowy w wieku 115-155 lat a jesionowy 75-125 lat, osi¹gaj¹ 30 m wysokoœci i 150 cm w pierœnicy. Miejscami wystêpuj¹ przestoje dêbów o charakterze pomnikowym. W niektórych fragmentach lasu dominuje lipa, a na bagnach olcha. W czêœci po³udniowej zajmowanej przez stosunkowo rzadk¹ odmianê gr¹du niskiego Tilio-Carpinetum allietosum, czosnek niedŸwiedzi tworzy zwarte ³any. W ca³ym kompleksie leœnym rozmieszczone s¹ ostoje zwierzyny p³owej, licznie wystêpuj¹ ptaki œpiewaj¹ce, dziêcio³y i du¿e ptaki drapie¿ne.


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Fragment doliny rzecznej (od W¹sic do ujœcia) przylegaj¹cej od pn-zach do Borów Stobrawskich, wraz z ma³ymi kompleksami stawowymi w Bielicach, Krogulnie, D¹browie Namys³owskiej


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Kompleks szeœciu wiêkszych stawów w otoczeniu lasów i ³¹k ko³o Niemodlina.


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£¹ki nad Jemielnic¹ oraz stawy, m. in. po³o¿ony w lesie, sztucznie utworzony staw ryb. "Utrata" o pow. 130 ha z obfitym stanowiskiem Trapa natans


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Kompleks torfowisk w dolinie Prosny, na pó³noc od miejscowoœci Sieros³awice w gminie Byczyna. Obszar ostoi w pewnym czasie odciêto nasypem od pierwotnej doliny Prosny i w ten sposób znalaz³ siê on poza stref¹ dzia³ania wód przep³ywowych. Ta zmiana warunków hydrologicznych spowodowa³a przekszta³cenie wystêpuj¹cego tu pierwotnie torfowiska mszysto-turzycowego w torfowisko przejœciowe. W stromych skarpach nadrzecznych, œcianach po wyrobiskach piasku i ¿wiru gnie¿d¿¹ sie jaskó³ki brzegówki.


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Lasy w dolinie Ma³ej Panwi i na pd od niej (na pd-wsch od Zbiornika Turawskiego). Porastaj¹ one wzniesienia morenowe (230-254 mnpm) o stromych zboczach (45 stopni). Ró¿nica wzniesieñ dochodzi do 20 m. W g³êbi kompleksów leœnych znajduj¹ siê ³¹ki na pod³o¿u piaszczystym b¹dŸ torfowym ze storczykami i kosaæcami. Dodatkowo walory krajobrazu podnosz¹ sztuczne i naturalne cieki, tereny zalewowe i bagna œródleœne w ró¿nych stadiach sukcesji (Bagna Kasztal w l-ctwie JaŸwin odd. 135c i 136c, Pilawówka w l-twie £aziska odd. 129d i 128c i Bagno Ko³o odd. 228).


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Dolina Ma³ej Panwi od Kalet do Czarnow¹sów. Odcinek Zawadzkie - Kolonowskie obejmuje le¿¹ce po obu stronach rzeki lasy, g³ównie liœciaste, rosn¹ce na stromych, siegajacych 6 m wys. brzegach z licznymi zatokami. Sk³ad drzewostanów jest bardzo zro¿nicowany od du¿ego skupiska pomnikowych dêbów do obcogatunkowych nasadzeñ (d¹b b³otny, daglezja, choina kanadyjska, sosna wejmutka). Inny fragment doliny, kompleks ¯ory, w œrodkowej czêœci pradoliny Ma³ej Panwi charakteryzuje siê bogat¹ szat¹ roœlinn¹ oraz du¿ym zró¿nicowaniem rzeŸby terenu - ró¿nice wzniesieñ dochodz¹ do 20 m przy nachyleniu zboczy 60 stopni.


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This is large dam-reservoir on Nysa K³odzka river. The surrounding area is hilly agricultural land. In the west part of the reservoir there are some small islands artificially formed (at the exploitation of gravel). Southern and western shores are partly overgrown with willow thickets and rather poorly developed water vegetation. Fluctuations or water-table are considerable. At low water-level Shoreline is diversified wth numerous bays, islets and shallow waters.


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It is large storage reservoir on Ma³a Panew river, surrounded mostly by forest. Western and partly southern shores are ramparted. Northern and eastern shore are overgrown with water vegetation (chiefly Glycearia aquatica and Salix tickets). There occur considerable fluctuations of water-table. At low water-level large sandy and muddy bottom areas are exposed in the eastern part of reservoir.


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It's large storage reservoir on Nysa K³odzka river, not far from another dam-reservoir - G³êbinowskie Lake. It's situated in hilly agricultural landscape. East part is ramparted and its bottom is paved with stones. Most part of southern and eastern shores is fringed by a wide belt of willow thickets. Northern shore is overbuilt for recreational purposes. There occur considerable fluctuations of water-table.


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Œródpolny staw rybacki (4 ha) z lekkim przep³ywem wód (potok Kamienica); g³êbokoœæ 120-140 cm; dno ¿wirowe z osadem mineralnym o gruboœci 20-30 cm; brzegi strome; pas przybrze¿nej roœlinnoœci; staw corocznie odwadniany na 2-3 tygodnie w okresie od³owu ryb.


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Odosobnione wzgórze o charakterze ostañcowym, o p³askiej partii grzbietowej, s¹siaduj¹ce z rozleg³¹ dolin¹ Odry, a z drugiej strony z lasami obejmuj¹cymi tereny wy¿ynne. Wzgórze zbudowane jest z wapieni muszlowych, które w wielu miejscach wychodz¹ na powierzchniê, tworz¹c p³askie, szerokie stopnie lub pokryte s¹ cienk¹ warstw¹ lessow¹. Ostoja obejmuje rezerwat, który znajduje siê nawzgórzu Ligocka Kamienna Góra (321 mnpm) na zachodnim krañcu Góry Che³mskiej.


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Ostoja obejmuje ró¿ne zbiorowiska leœne porastaj¹ce lekko falisty teren; gr¹dy zajmuj¹ wy¿ej po³o¿one tereny i stoki opadaj¹ce w kierunku miejsc Ÿródliskowych, na których z kolei panuj¹ olsy (dominuje w nich Alnus glutinosa). Troficznoœæ tych zbiorowisk jest doœæ wysoka. Wysoki poziom wody gruntowej i jej nieznaczna ruchliwoœæ. W okresie wiosennym czêœæ terenu ostoi zalana wod¹.


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Dolina Odry o urozmaiconej rzeŸbie terenu - groble i wawozy - z licznymi starorzeczami, wœród pól i ³¹k fragmenty lasów.


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Tereny u¿ytkowane rolniczo w bezpoœrednim s¹siedztwie wsi R¹czka pod Korfantowem


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Œrodkowy odcinek rzeki Bziniczki (Brzyniczki, Bryniczki), prawego dop³ywu Ma³ej Panwi, wij¹cej siê malowniczymi meandrami oraz s¹siaduj¹ce z ni¹ drzewostany i ³¹ki. Rzeka prowadzi czyste wody wœrod wzniesieñ morenowych poroœniêtych lasem - kompleks leœny Kocia Góra. Okolica ta posiada urozmaicon¹ rzeŸbê - ró¿nica wzniesieñ siega miejscami 16 m a nachylenie zboczy 40 stopni. W naturalnym obni¿eniu terenu znajduj¹ siê stawy hodowlane.


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Przep³ywowe stawy rybne, po³o¿one w lasach w obrêbie Borów Stobrawskich.


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Kompleks lasu mieszanego przylegaj¹cy do doliny Odry z fragmentami starych drzewostanów np. w rezerwacie Lubsza niektóre okazy dêbów licz¹ 400 lat.


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Aleja dêbowa 220 drzew w wieku 200-300lat, o obwodzie pni 180-580cm i wysokoœci 20-27m.


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Kompleks stawów rybnych o powierzchni ok. 70 ha, po³o¿ony w dolinie Prosny, otoczony g³ównie polami i zadrzewieniami. Jedyny wiêkszy zespó³ siedlisk wodnych na stosunkowo du¿ym obszarze, pe³ni¹cy rolê ³¹cznika miêdzy dol. Baryczy a kompleksami stawów k. Opola (Pokój).


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Mocno zmieniony kompleks leœny. Czêœæ terenu uleg³a po¿arowi w 199. roku, obecnie w fazie zarastania (roœlinnoœæ z du¿ym udzia³em brzozy).


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Ostoja obejmuje lasy - buczyny porastaj¹ce wapienne wzniesienia i œwie¿y bór sosnowy w obni¿eniach.


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Du¿a liczba blisko siebie po³o¿onych ostañców wapiennych, grzbiety jurajskie poprzecinane dolinami pochodzenia erozyjno-denudacyjnego. Teren pozbawiony wód powierzchniowych;


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Jaskinia Januszkowa Szczelina, d³ugoœci 180 m, g³êbokoœæ 56m, wysokoœæ otworu ok. 430m npm. le¿y w miejscowoœci Podlesie. Ma rozwiniêcie pionowe, powsta³a wzd³u¿ pionowego pêkniêcia w wapieniach górnojurajskich. Jaskinia sk³ada siê z dwóch studni (39 i 56 m poni¿ej otworu wejœciowego) i 20m komina. Wewn¹trz znajduje siê du¿a iloœæ pó³ek i skalnych mostów.


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Jaskinia w Straszykowej Górze, d³ugoœæ 52m, wysokoœæ otworu ok. 445m npm, le¿y w miejscowoœci Ryczów. Jaskinia ma przebieg poziomy, sk³ada siê z obszernego korytarza koñcz¹cego siê ciasnym otworem wychodz¹cym na powierzchniê.;


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Jaskinia Na Œwiniuszce d³ugoœci ok. 124 m, g³êbokoœci 37m, rozwiniêcie pionowe, sk³ada siê z kilku studni g³êbokoœci 5 - 7 m, powsta³ych wzd³u¿ wapieni górnojurajskich.


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Stanowisko Cochlearia polonica nad ciekami wodnymi w borach sosnowych, na pod³o¿u piaszczystym. Obecnie na skutek odwodnienia terenu cieki zanik³y. Pojedyncze skar³owacia³e okazy C. polonica pojawiaj¹ siê tutaj. Istnieje bank nasion w glebie.


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Stanowisko zastêpcze endemicznego gatunku Cochlearia polonica za³o¿one w 1970r w Ÿródliskach Centurii. Jest to rozleg³y lej Ÿródliskowy w piaszczystym pod³o¿u, g³êbokoœci ok. 10m; otoczony lasem sosnowym.


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Ostoja obejmuje teren warpiowy z licznymi œladami œredniowiecznych wyrobisk i p³ytkich szybów kopalnianych - pozosta³oœæ ówczesnej techniki wydobywania rudy cynku i o³owiu. Wydmy poroœniête borem sosnowym œwie¿ym. Brak wód powierzchniowych. Pod³o¿e stanowi¹ utwory triasowe, dolomity kruszconoœne pokryte piaskami.


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The site includes the Gocza³kowice Lake, numerous complexes of fish ponds and fragments of forests situated in the upper Vistula River valley between Skoczów and Czechowice-Dziedzice. Vistula valley is here 12 km wide. Gocza³kowice Lake is a dam reservoir of the maximum area of 3200 ha, storaging drinking water. The west and south-west shores are embanked, the east shore forms the dam, while the north and south-east shores have a natural character. A considerable part of shores is occupied by vast areas of small reed beds. In many places there are larger thickets. Damp meadows extend to the west. Changes of water level reach 4m. The most important pond complexes are: Gocza³kowice Zdrój (300ha), strongly overgrown with reed and reedmace beds, Mnich (80ha), strongly overgrown with rush vegetation, Landek (150ha) with broad belts of rushes and some islands (previous dikes), Ligota (170ha) with narrow belts of rushes and 3 islands overgrown with brushwood, Pod Borem (150ha) in the immediate vicinity of Vistula, with sone islands, Dêbowiec (400ha) - surrounded by meadows and small patches of forests.


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Niewielki, stary staw hodowlany na skraju wsi Mazañcowice i miasta Czechowice-Dziedzice.


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Jest to kompleks stawów rybnych w dolinie Odry z przyleg³ymi polami i ³¹kami. Kompleks sk³ada siê z 9 wiêkszych (17-41 ha) i kilkunastu ma³ych stawów. Roœlinnoœæ, g³ównie szuwary, wystepuje w postaci w¹skich przybrze¿nych pasów, tylko na niektórych mniejszych stawach tworzy rozleg³e ³any. Czêœæ grobli porastaj¹ stare liœciaste drzewa. Ostojê przecina linia kolejowa.


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Starorzecza, na których wykszta³ci³y siê torfowiska przejœciowe i niskie; od po³udnia i po³udniowego-wschodu piaszczyste wydmy poroœniête borem sosnowym, od zachodu ³êg wi¹zowo-jesionowy, na pó³nocy ³¹ki œwie¿e, wilgotne i szuwary.


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£¹ki w obrêbie administracyjnym Gliwic; pod³o¿e wêglanowe.


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Wzgórze pokryte lasem i murawami kserotermicznymi porastaj¹cymi warpie (nieregularne wg³êbienia otoczone wysypiskami ska³ p³onych w kszta³cie wa³ów i kopców) - pozosta³oœci po kopalnictwie odkrywkowym Zn, Pb i Ag.


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Ostoja to Dolina Dramy z otaczaj¹cym j¹ lasem. Najwiêksze powierzchnie zajmuj¹ gleby brunatne w³aœciwe, wytworzone z glin œrednio pylastych. Na nich rosn¹ ¿yzne buczyny i gr¹dy. Z kolei na glebach brunatnych wy³ugowanych rozwija siê kwaœna buczyna. Na glebach brunatnych s¹ tak¿e uprawy rolne zajmuj¹ce 2/3 powierzchni ostoi. W dolinach rzeki Dramy i mniejszych strumieni oraz w obni¿eniach terenu powsta³y ¿yzne gleby hydrogeniczne, na których rosn¹ lasy ³êgowe, a na terenach odlesionych liczne zbiorowiska szuwarowe i ³¹ki z wyczyñcem ³¹kowym. Na terenie ostoi stwierdzono 259 gatunków roœlin naczyniowych.


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Rezerwat lasu bukowego, œrednio 60-120 letni, ale sporo i 300 letnich. Jedne z nielicznych, dobrze zachowanych p³atów naturalnych drzewostanów bukowych w G0P (obecnie mocno przetrzebione, a runo silnie zmienione).W drzewostanie wystêpuje buk, œwierk i sosna z nieznaczn¹ domieszk¹ wi¹zu, brzozy brodawkowanej i dêbu szypu³kowego.Powierzchnia rezerwatu urozmaicona; wystêpuj¹ tu leje, rowy, wykroty i wysypiska jako pozosta³oœæ po dawnych kopalniach, sztolniach. Czêœæ tych wyrobisk jest zalana wod¹ i tworzy sieæ ma³ych zbiorników (stawków) œródleœnych. Najstarsze z nich zosta³y zasypane œció³k¹ i poros³y roœlinnoœci¹ o charakterze torfowiskowym.


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It is a dam reservoir on the Brynica River, surrounded mainly by forests, with wet meadows to the south and to the east. There are small islands with reeds. The northern part of the reservoir is overgrown with reed and small reed beds. Water level fluctuations are rather small; they do not exceed 1 m.


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Ostoja jest kompleksem lasów sosnowych nad potokiem ¯abnik. Obejmuje Ÿród³a i dolinê, 3 km d³ugoœci, do 10 m g³êbokoœci. Na brzegach potoku liczne zabagnienia i rozlewiska poroœniête przez zbiorowiska szuwarowe i torfowiskowe.


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The site includes a complex of 8 ponds (2-90 ha; 225 ha in total), a stand of oak-hornbeam forest (136 ha), meadows, ox-bow lakes, and a stretch of the small £êgoñ river. Ponds are partly overgrown with reed and reed-mace beds (25-50% of pond area). On some dykes grow old oaks. The surrunding forest with numerous old trees has a natural character.


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Kompleks leœny - bory i lasy mieszane - po³o¿ony w dolinie potoku £u¿nik, o zmienionym drzewostanie, ale zachowanym naturalnym charakterze runa. Na po³udniowym obrze¿u i w centrum kompleksu wystêpuj¹ ³¹ki œwie¿e i wilgotne. Na terenach porolnych i ekstensywnie wypasanych wykszta³caj¹ siê p³aty muraw psammofilnych. W zachodniej czêœci zbiorowiska roœlinne zwiazane z potokiem i rowami melioracyjnymi, a tak¿e zbiornikami wodnymi - zalewiskami pogórniczymi. Otaczaj¹ je p³aty roœlinnoœci bagiennej i torfowiskowej.


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Jura Krakowsko-Czêstochowska jest to najwiêkszy w Polsce obszar zbudowany ze ska³ wêglanowych, obfituj¹cy w ró¿ne zjawiska krasowe. Wapienie p³ytowe i skaliste o mi¹¿szoœci 200m, buduj¹ liczne wzgórza; w dolinach zalegaj¹ piaski polodowcowe i rzeczne oraz zwietrzelina wapienna. Charakterystcznym rysem w krajobrazie s¹ ska³ki wapienne - ostañce - o ró¿norodnych kszta³tach, stanowi¹ce specyficzne siedlisko roœlinnoœci i fauny kserotermicznej. Jaskinie, w liczbie kilkuset, s¹ schronieniem jaskiniowej fauny, maj¹c tak¿e wartoœæ archeologiczn¹ i palentologiczn¹. Sieæ rzeczna jest rzadka, siedliska wodne i podmok³e maj¹ bardzo niewielki udzia³ w ogólnej powierzchni Jury. Szata roslinna tego obszaru zosta³a bardzo zmieniona przez cz³owieka. nast¹pi³a silna fragmentacja siedlisk. Obszar ostoi jest w znacznym stopniu odlesiony, zachowa³y siê tylko p³aty naturalnych lasów lisciastych i sosnowych; znaczn¹ czêœæ zbiorowisk leœnych stanowi¹ monokultury sosnowe. U¿ytki rolne zajmuj¹ oko³o 60% powierzchni Jury. W okresie œredniowiecznym na wzgórzach wzniesiono ci¹g budowli obronnych, tzw. orlich gniazd. Nieliczne z nich zachowa³y siê do dzisiaj w dobrym stanie, inne jako ruiny.


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Ostojê stanowi¹ g³êbokie doliny Pr¹dnika i S¹spówki wraz z falist¹ wierzchowin¹ usian¹ rozproszonymi ostañcami, bêd¹ce typowymi elementami krajobrazu Jury Krakowsko-Czêstochowskiej. Powsta³y one w wyniku dzia³ania procesów erozyjnych górnojurajskich wapiennych ska³ buduj¹cych ten obszar. Charakterystyczne dla tego terenu zjawiska krasowe s¹ przyczyn¹ licznego wystêpowania jaskiñ, szczelin i malowniczych form skalnych - baszt, bram, ambon itp. Szata roœlinna tworzy skomplikowany uk³ad przestrzenny, odzwierciedlaj¹cy zró¿nicowanie warunków siedliskowych; nierzadko obok siebie wystêpuj¹ zbiorowiska roœlinne o odmiennym charakterze ekologicznym. Wiêksz¹ czêœæ ostoi pokrywaj¹ lasy: gr¹dy, buczyny i - na mniejszych powierzchniach - bory mieszane (kilkadziesi¹t lat temu przewa¿a³y tu bory sosnowo-dêbowe). Na stromych zboczach i ska³ach wystêpuj¹ ciep³olubne zaroœla, murawy kserotermiczne i wapieniolubne zbiorowiska naskalne. W dnach dolin zachowa³y siê fragmenty mezofilnych ³¹k i pastwisk oraz roœlinnoœæ nadpotokowa.


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Ostoja obejmuje pó³nocno-zachodnie zbocza Bukowej Góry z wciêtymi niewielkimi w¹wozami. Obszar poroœniêty jest wysokopiennym lasem bukowym z rzadkim podszytem. W miejscach przeœwietlonych - skupienia obuwika.


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Ostoja obejmuje po³o¿one w dolinie Wis³y tereny rolniczo-leœne, wraz z kilkoma miejscowoœciami. Nietoperze znajduj¹ tu dogodne schronienia letnie i zimowe, zarówno naturalne - w lasach i jaskiniach, jak i sztuczne w starych zabudowaniach. Wa¿niejsze z jaskiñ to Jaskinia Kryspinowska (220 m npm., d³ugoœæ korytarzy 140 m) i Jaskinia Twardowskiego (215 m npm., d³ugoœæ korytarzy 150 m, temp. ok. 6 stopni C). W¹wóz Mnikowski jest g³êbokim erozyjnym w¹wozem o skalistych zboczach, silnie zró¿nicowanym siedliskowo. Przy dnie doliny wystêpuj¹ p³aty gr¹dów, na ska³kach bogata roœlinnoœæ murawowa, a na wierzchowinie ciep³olubne zaroœla.


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Obszar wy¿ynny zbudowany z wapieni górnojurajskich, pokrytych warstw¹ lessu z wciêtymi dolinami potoków, o charakterze skalistych jarów krasowych. Ich ujœcia s¹ zwykle zwê¿one i zamkniête skalnymi bramami, zaœ zbocza urozmaicone ró¿norodnymi formami skalnymi, jak pojedyncze maczugi, bastiony lub masywy. W nich wystêpuj¹ liczne jaskinie z bogat¹ szat¹ naciekow¹. Wschodnie zbocza s¹ przewa¿nie bardziej skaliste i strome. Wierzchowina pokryta jest g³ównie polami uprawnymi oraz niewielkimi kompleksami lasów gr¹dowych i bukowych, które porastaj¹ te¿ zbocza dolin. Na nas³onecznionych zboczach i ska³ach rozwijaj¹ siê zespo³y zaroœli i muraw kserotermicznych.


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Ostoja obejmuje zró¿nicowane pod wzglêdem geomorfologicznym formy reprezentatywne dla tej czêœci Jury Krakowskiej wraz z prze³omem Wis³y miêdzy wzgórzami w Piekarach i Tyñcu. Oba wzgórza s¹ zrêbami zbudowanymi z wapieni górnej jury. Odcinek prze³omowy powsta³ w wyniku wykorzystania w¹skiego zapadliska i erozyjnego usuniêcia i³ów mioceñskich. Panieñskie Ska³y to g³êboko wciêty w¹wóz ze ska³kami zbudowanymi z górnojurajskich wapieni skalistych. S¹ w nich liczne, czêsto krasowo rozmyte, szczeliny ciosowe i rozwiniête wzd³u¿ nich niewielkie kana³y krasowe. Ska³y otoczone s¹ fragmentami lasów liœciastych. Na terenie ostoi notowano wiele gatunków roœlin i bezkrêgowców kserotermicznych - zwi¹zanych z terenami otwartymi.


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Jaskinia Rac³awicka, zwana Grzmi¹czk¹, po³o¿ona w Dolinie Rac³awki, 446 m npm., 80 m nad dnem doliny. Rozwiniêta w wapieniach górnojurajskich. D³ugoœæ 135m, g³êbokoœæ 26m. Jaskinia o rozwiniêciu pionowym ma studniê 20 metrowej g³êbokoœci. Jaskinia ma charakter zapadliskowy. Powsta³a w wyniku zawalenia siê ska³ nad le¿¹c¹ g³êbiej pró¿ni¹ krasow¹. Ma dobrze zachowan¹ szatê naciekow¹ - du¿e stalagmity, przechodz¹ce w nacieki kaskadowe na powierzchni œcian jaskini. W stropie jednej z komór znajduj¹ siê kot³y wirowe. Dno pokrywa rumosz skalny i wielkie bloki, a w bocznych korytarzach namulisko gliniaste.


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Jaskinia Nietoperzowa, zwana Jerzmanowick¹, d³ugoœci 306m, po³o¿ona w górnym odcinku Doliny Bêdkowskiej, 447 m npm. Ma przebieg poziomy. Za otworem wejœciowym znajduje siê du¿y wykop dochodz¹cy do skalnego dna (powsta³ on w latach 60tych podczas badañ archeologicznych). Korytarz biegn¹cy od otworu dzieli siê na dwa ramiona ³¹cz¹ce siê w niewielkiej sali, która przechodzi w komorê g³ówn¹. Liczne pozosta³oœci form krasowych, w tym wodospad naciekowy i kot³y wirowe. poziom korytarzy zosta³ obni¿ony w wyniku eksploatacji namuliska. W osadach znaleziono liczne szcz¹tki niedŸwiedzi jaskiniowych.


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Jaskinia Pod Bukami, d³ugoœæ 210 m, w tym partie kopalni 45 m, g³êbokoœæ 25 m, jest po³o¿ona we wsi Czerna, na lewym zboczu doliny Czernki, na wysokoœci 395 m npm, ok. 90 m nad dnem doliny. Jest to jaskinia o rozwiniêciu pionowym, powsta³a wzd³u¿ pêkniêæ tektonicznych w wapieniach œrodkowego triasu.ztucznie dr¹¿ona sztolnia ³¹czy szczeliny w rozleg³y system jaskiniowy. Pró¿nie krasowe wype³nione s¹ resztkami galmanu, który by³ tu w XIX wieku ekspolatowany.


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Jaskinia Mamutowa d³. 100 m - ogromny otwór wejœciowy, strop uleg³ czêœciowemu zawaleniu, w wyniku czego powsta³ przy wejœciu efektowny ³uk skalny. W dnie jaskini widoczne œlady prac wykopaliskowych.


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Jaskinia Maszycka, d³. 35 m le¿y na lewym zboczu doliny Pr¹dnika.


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Jaskinia Ciemna Ojcowska, 150 m d³ugoœci, le¿y na lewym zboczu doliny Pradnika, oko³o 80 m nad jej dnem. Sk³ada siê z obszernej przechodz¹cej w zwê¿aj¹cy siê stopniowo korytarz. W komorze g³ównej masywne stalagmity, na stropie liczne stalaktyty rurkowe. Korytarz zbudowany jest z szeregu kopulastych kot³ów wirowych, po³¹czonych niskimi prze³azami. Dno pokryte gliniastym namuliskiem.


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Jaskinia Koziarnia, d³. 90m le¿y w górnym odcinku doliny S¹spowskiej, w bocznym w¹wozie Koziarnia. Du¿y otwór wejœciowy prowadzi do obszernego korytarza o szerokoœci do 10 m. Namulisko by³o rozkopane w 1877 roku w celu pozyskania nawozu nietoperzowego.


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Ostoja zlokalizowana jest na wzniesieniu pokrytym lasem bukowym, stoki o nachyleniu 10 - 15 stopni i wystawie zachodniej, pó³nocno-zachodniej i pó³nocnej. Gleby s¹ tu p³ytkie z wychodz¹cymi na powierzchniê ska³ami wapiennymi.


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ród³o "Jordan" w Œciborzycach, dorzecze rzeki D³ubnia. Wydajnoœæ Ÿród³a 19l/s. Warstwê wodonoœn¹ stanowi¹ twarde margle, opoki i wapienie kampanu (kreda - senon). Jest to Ÿród³o terasowe, podp³ywowe. Odp³yw ma postaæ misy o powierzchni ok. 30sqm. G³êbokoœæ misy ok. 1m. Woda w Ÿródle wyp³ywa z niewidocznej skalnej szczeliny, przebija siê przez utwory czwartorzêdowe (aluwia) i silnie pulsuje podnosz¹c z dna bia³y mu³ek.


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Obszerny nadwiœlañski kompleks leœny po³o¿ony u progu Pogórza Karpackiego, w wid³ach Wis³y i Raby. Podzielony jest na dwie czêœci. Na po³udniu rozci¹ga siê zwarty kompleks borów sosnowych z dominuj¹cym borem œwie¿ym. Czêœæ pó³nocna, odzielona od reszty Puszczy dolin¹ Drwinki podzielona jest ³¹kami na trzy fragmenty. Przewa¿aj¹ tu gr¹dy w mozaice z ³êgami i starorzeczmi Wis³y w ró¿nym stopniu zarastania. Dominuj¹ drzewostany m³ode, ale zachowa³y siê równie¿ p³aty starszych, o charakterze reliktowym, utrzymuj¹cych nieŸle zachowane puszczañskie zoocenozy z rzadkimi gatunkami.


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Ostojê stanowi fragment solonoœnego z³o¿a wielickiego. Le¿y ono w zachodniej czêœci mioceñskiej formacji solonoœnej, ci¹gn¹cej siê w¹skim pasem wzd³u¿ pó³nocnego brzegu Karpat. Historia geologiczna tego z³o¿a siêga œrodkowego miocenu (ok. 15mln lat temu). Pod naporem nasuwaj¹cych siê p³aszczowin karpackich utwory solonoœne uleg³y spiêtrzeniu i silnemu sfa³dowaniu, co doprowadzi³o do utworzenia skomplikowanej struktury z³o¿a wielickiego. W uk³adzie przestrzennym utworów solonoœnych w kopalni wielickiej wyró¿nia siê z³o¿e pok³adowe i nadleg³e z³o¿e bry³owe, zwane druzgotowym. W pod³o¿u formacji solonoœnej zalegaj¹ g³ównie i³y i i³y margliste. Od góry i od pó³nocy z³o¿e otulaj¹ i³y i i³owce z wk³adkami mu³owców, zawieraj¹ce w stropie kilka cienkich wk³adek tufitów, oraz piaski bogucickie ods³aniaj¹ce siê na powierzchni miêdzy Kosocicami, pó³nocnym przedmieœciem Wieliczki a Zabaw¹. Z³o¿e bry³owe, w porównaniu z innymi strukturami solnymi na œwiecie, ma cechy niepowtarzalne. Charakteryzuje siê du¿ym przemieszczeniem materia³u skalnego i sk³ada siê g³ównie z osadów ilasto-marglistych, tzw. zuber, zawieraj¹cych kryszta³y, bloki i bry³y soli. Ca³y kompleks osadów omawianego z³o¿a, z bry³ami i pok³adami soli kamiennej oraz przewarstwieniami ska³ p³onnych, ma charakter wzorcowy i rangê stratotypu. Najcenniejszym fragmentem omawianej ostoi s¹ Groty Kryszta³owe. Znajduj¹ siê oko³o 80m pod powierzchni¹ miasta Wieliczka, mieszcz¹ siê w obrêbie z³o¿a bry³owego, wystêpuj¹ w uk³adzie piêtrowym. Kryszta³y halitu (soli kamiennej) pokrywaj¹ce œciany grot ukszta³towa³y siê w wyniku procesów wtórnego wytr¹cania i krystalizacji w œrodowisku kr¹¿enia przesyconych roztworów solankowych, pochodz¹cych z ³ugowania pok³adów soli. Dolna Grota Kryszta³owa, o kubaturze 706m3, jest fragmentem wyd³u¿onej pionowo naturalnej pustki, której ni¿sza czêœæ jest zasypana, a wy¿sza ma kszta³t w¹sko sklepionej kopu³y. Pó³nocno-zachodni fragment groty zajmuje drewniany kaszt. Ró¿nica wysokoœci po³o¿enia miêdzy stropem Dolnej Groty Kryszta³owej a sp¹giem Górnej Groty wynosi 4.2-7.1m. Pomiêdzy nimi znajduje siê komora poœrednia, w formie nieregularnego wyrobiska w utworach solno-ilastych.


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Liczne zbiorowiska wodne i b³otne; ok. 4ha wód otwartych, dwa zbiorniki wodne po³o¿one blisko siebie stanowi¹ce pozosta³oœæ dawnego koryta Wis³y;


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bór bagienny w obrêbie Puszczy Dulowskiej;


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Ostojê stanowi¹ ci¹gi wzgórz miêdzy Dunajcem a Bia³¹ oraz fragment Pogórza w prawobrze¿nej czêœci zlewni Bia³ej.


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Rozleg³e skupienie ska³ek stokowych i wierzchowinowych zbudowanych z piaskowców i zlepieñców ciê¿kowickich. W rezerwacie jako wychodnie ska³kowe ods³aniaj¹ siê piaskowce i zlepieñce ciê¿kowickie zaliczane do najstarszego (III) ich poziomu. Sk³ad litologiczny tych utworów, a przede wszystkim wystêpujace tu ró¿nego rodzaju struktury sedymentacyjne, wskazuje na ich pochodzenie jako przymorskich sp³ywów piaszczystych zwanych fluksoturbiditami. Skamienia³e miasto sk³ada siê z licznych grup ska³ek, najwiêksze z nich to wolno stoj¹ce baszty o wysokoœci 5 do 14 m.


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Kompleks leœny porastaj¹cy stoki Wróblowej Góry, której odlesione zbocza po³udniowe opadaj¹ ku dolinie Dunajca. Tu utrzymuje siê roœlinnoœæ kserotermiczna. Wzgórza porozcinane s¹ malowniczymi w¹wozami i jarami, którymi p³yn¹ cieki.


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Œródpolne starorzecze Dunajca z licznymi zespo³ami wodno-b³otnymi


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Stanowisko bobra, który nie ma w tym regionie naturalnych stanowisk i dosta³ siê tu prawdopodobnie z Beskidu Niskiego biegiem Wis³oki; bobry przebywaj¹ tu od kilku lat;


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Ostoja obejmuje torfowisko przejœciowe zajmuj¹ce bezodp³ywowe zag³êbienie terenu, otoczone od pó³nocnego wschodu, wschodu i po³udnia wa³em morenowym. Zasilane jest jedynie wodami opadowymi. W po³udniowej czêœci znajduj¹ siê zarastaj¹ce stawki powyrobiskowe. Centraln¹ czêœæ ostoi pokrywaj¹ mszary.


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Starorzecze rzeki Kiesieliny, tworzace zarastajace zbiorniki z (Jezioro Przystajne, Jezioro Œwiêcone); ró¿norodne zespo³y roœlin wodnych i b³otnych; miejsce lêgowe ptaków wodno-b³otnych;


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Rozleg³e podmok³e ³¹ki z bogatym florystycznie zespo³em ostro¿enia warzywnego i rdestu wê¿ownika Cirsio-Polygonetum, po³o¿one miêdzy rzekami Rab¹ a Gróbk¹.


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The site is situated in the west part of forest complex between Wola Zg³obieñska and Nowa Wieœ Czudecka, on the plateau forming the watershed between Wis³oka river and its tributary. Stands are dominated by beech, oak and fir.


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A reservoir surrounded by arable fields and scattered building Continuous siltation has created favourable nesting condition for waterfowl, especially by the formation of islands. Wintering Anatidae - 10 000.


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The site protects a raised peat-bog surrounded by forests which cover 90% of the area. Stands are dominated by pine with admixture of oak, birch and beech.


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It is the highest elevation in the province of Rzeszów situated between Cieszynka stream and Klonowa Góra hill. The area abounds in springlets and marshy grounds. It is overgrown by almost natural beechwood and beech-fir forests. There is an inactive quarry in the area.


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It is a peat-bog situated anong dunes. The ground water table is relatively high (0.1-0.4 m). The peat-bog is surrounded by small fragments of marshy coniferous forest, passing in the higher parts of a dune into fresh, and at the top, into dry coniferous forest.


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The area is a mosaic of fens, transitional peat-bogs and meadows.


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These are mid-field swamps with numerous plant communities typical of swampy habitats. Previously, there was here a lake, now almost completely overgrown with rushes and water vegetation.


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It is a small forest enclave within the area of the town of Rzeszów. In the fauna and flora there occur mountain elements. There is a numerous group of old (over 100 year) oaks, reaching 7m in girth. It is a site of Cerambyx cerdo.


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The area includes mid-forest fish ponds, only partially utilized, surrounding them woods and meadows.


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These are mid-forest fish-ponds which are only partially utilized. Due to intense development of rush vegetation they become gradually shallowed and silted up. Ponds are surrounded by woods and adjacent to them meadows.


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It is a forest complex, situated a few kilometers to the north of Rzeszów, including 90 - 120 year-old stands.


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The area includes forests and meadows situated in the valley of Kud³acz stream in the neighbourhood of the village of Brzóza Królewska.


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The site includes beautiful woods in the valley of unnamed tributary of Ryjak stream. Stands are dominated by fir, beech and pine. In herb layer - many mountain species. Beautiful patches (2-3ha) of Allium ursinum.


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The site includes the highest parts of the Strzy¿owskie and Dynowskie Foothills and it is a landbridge between West and East Carpathians. Forests occupy ca. 50% of the hilly area (stands are mostly of a natural character with domination of fir and beech). The rest are meadows, pastures, and arable land. The site has diversified relief. Worthy of notice are numerous outcrops of Istebna and Ciê¿kowice sandstones (silesian series) - the most beautiful are protected in Prz¹dki inaminate nature reserve. 	W florze Pogórza Strzy¿owskiego stwierdzono: 916 gatunków, w tym 750 rodzimych i 166 synantropijnych, 61 (48 rodzimych i 13 synantropijnych) z nich posiada w tym regionie granice zasiêgu. Z fitogeograficznego punktu widzenia najciekawszymi elementami s¹ gatunki: wschodniokarpackie (Aposeris foetida i Festuca drymeja), zachodniokarpackie (Luzula flavescsens,	Galium rotundifolium i Potentilla pusila), subendemity ogólnokarpackie Dentaria glandulosa, Symphytum cordatum,	Petasites kablikianum.


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It is an island of natural deciduous forest among artificial pine monocultures, occurring at the peripheries of previous Puszcza Sandomierska (Sandomierz Primeval Forest).


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Piaszczyste wzniesienie z obni¿eniem poroœniêtym olszyn¹ na obrze¿ach.


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The reserve includes woods and meadows in the valley of unnamed tributary of Pi¹tkówka stream. In 1988 a family of beavers was introduced here.


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Jeden z wiêkszych kompleksów stawów rybnych w województwie przemyskim.


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Ostoja obejmuje zlewniê górnego Wiaru oraz czêœæ zlewni Stopnicy (dop³yw Sanu). Jest to jedyny w Polsce fragment Brze¿nych Karpat Fliszowych o charakterze wszchodniokarpackich Beskidów lesistych. Na niezbyt du¿ym obszarze znajduj¹ siê prawie wszystkie typy pogórzy i niskich gór. Ró¿nice wysokoœci wzglêdnych siêgaj¹ 360 m (Suchy Obycz - Wiar w Makowej). Najwartoœciowszy i rzadko spotykany typ rzeŸby reprezentuj¹ pogórza wysokie. W sposób zwarty tworz¹ one p³askowy¿ Rybotycz. Trzon ostoi stanowi tzw. grupa Suchego Obycza. Czêœæ NW to fragment Pogórza Przemyskiego. Lesistoœæ terenu wynosi 80%, przy czym naturalne starodrzewia leœne (g³ównie drzewostany jod³owe i bukowe powy¿ej 80 lat) zajmuj¹ 45% powierzchni; drzewostany sztuczne (sadzone i przebudowane), ³¹cznie z plantacjami, g³ównie sosnowe, zajmuj¹ ok. 30%. Dobrze zachowane starodrzewia bukowo-jod³owe posiadaj¹ widoczne znamiona zacierania siê granicy miêdzy typowymi buczynami a lasami gr¹dowymi z grabem, lip¹ oraz du¿ym udzia³em roœlin typowych dla po³udnia i czêœci po³udniowo-wschodniej Europy. 15% to tereny o mozaikowym uk³adzie ³¹k, lasów i zaroœli, które wystêpuj¹ przede wszystkim wzd³u¿ potoków na obrze¿ach dawnych wsi. Wœród gatunków dominuj¹ jod³a (38%), sosna (26%) i buk (22%). Wystêpuj¹ tu dwa piêtra roœlinnoœci - piêtro pogórza i piêtro regla dolnego. We florze zwraca uwagê du¿y udzia³ gatunków kserotermicznych. Wystêpuj¹ tu ciep³olubne zbiorowiska roœlinne. Wyró¿nikiem ukszta³towania powierzchni jest kratowy wzór przebiegu cieków wodnych o d³u¿szych odcinkach prostoliniowych oraz prawie równoleg³y przebieg grzbietów oddzielaj¹cych te odcinki. Najpiêkniejsze odcinki prze³omowe to prze³omy Wiaru w Trójcy, Posadzie Rybotyckiej i Huwnikach. Pomimo dosyæ wyrównanej powierzchni szczytowej grzbietów krajobraz nie jest monotonny dziêki kilku piêtrom poziomów zrównania, ostañcom denudacyjnym, dolinom prze³omowym i silnemu rozciêciu stoków. Charakterystyczne zbiorowiska leœne to gr¹dy (Tilio-Carpinetum) i podgórska forma buczyny karpackiej. W dolinach rzecznych wystêpuj¹ zaroœla i lasy ³êgowe. Wœród zbiorowiska nieleœnych dominuj¹ zbiorowiska ³¹kowe z klasy Molinio-Arrhenatheretea (g³ównie w dolinach rzek). Wœród zbiorowiska synsntropijnych na uwagê zas³uguj¹ p³aty zdzicza³ych roœlin z uprawy. Najbardziej nas³onecznione partie zboczy doliny Wiaru porastaj¹ zbiorowiska kserotermiczne (okolice Huwnik, Makowej, Rybotycz, Posady Rybotyckiej).


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Ok. 40-kilometrowy odcinek rzeki o charakterze górskim i podgórskim z licznymi prze³omami. Naj³adniejsze odcinki prze³omowe znajduj¹ siê w Trójcy, Posadzie Rybotyckiej i Huwnikach. Brzegi po wiekszej czêœci zalesione. W górnym biegu o charakterze górskim koryta zalegaj¹ œrednie i ma³e kamienie, tworz¹c odcinki zbystrzeñ i lenityczne rozlewiska. W œrodkowym biegu Wiar p³ynie doœæ rozleg³¹ niezalesion¹ dolin¹. Dno tworz¹ ma³e kamienie, ewentualnie wystêpuj¹ te¿ ¿wirowiska, stopniowo wype³niaj¹ce ca³e koryto. Rzeka tam ³agodnie meandruje.


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Dolina potoku podgórskiego poroœniêta g³ównie olszynk¹ górsk¹ z dominacj¹ olszy czarnej i szarej oraz wierzb. Runo obfite i bujne z³o¿one z g³ównie z pokrzyw, lepiê¿nika, siewek drzew i krzewów.


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Rozleg³e, wilgotne, przyleœne ³¹ki i polany wraz z otaczaj¹cymi lasami


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A part of the flood-plain of the River San, containing a section of former riverbed. A 7ha open water area is surrounded by dense Phragmites and Salix.


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It is a pond complex with adjacent wet meadows and riverine carrs. Some of the ponds have up to 50% Phragmites cover. The site is surrounded by arable fields.


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Wilgotne torfiaste brzegi lasu przy w¹wozie w pd. cz. wsi.


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Ostoja obejmuje kilka stanowisk ¿o³ny na lessowych skarpach w pn-wsch czêœci Przemyœla (Winna Góra, Cegielnia II, Buszkowice, Plater, Budy Wielkie).


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Ostoja obejmuje najbardziej na pd.-wsch. wysuniêty fragment Roztocza. Krajobraz mozaikowaty. Przewa¿aj¹ pagórki poroœniête lasem, a rzeŸbê urozmaicaj¹ g³êboko wciête doliny rzeczne, suche w¹wozy i formy wydmowe. W sumie lasy zajmuj¹ ok. 67% powierzchni ostoi, s¹ to g³ównie nasadzenia sosnowe (na siedlisku gr¹dowym). Doœæ znaczny udzia³ ma buczyna karpacka, porastaj¹ca zbocza g³êbokich jarów i wzniesieñ. Osobliwoœci¹ s¹ p³aty boru jod³owego w pn.-wsch. czêœci terenu. Sieæ hydrograficzna jest doœæ uboga. Ostoja obejmuje rejon Ÿródliskowy rzeki Tanwi z licznymi torfowiskami (najwiêcej przejœciowych). Centraln¹ czêœæ odwadnia rzeczka Rata.


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Teren miejscowoœciz otaczaj¹cymi polami, ³¹kami i przylaskami.


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Jest to pd.-wsch. czêœæ Pogórza Przemyskiego. Ostoja obejmuje kompleksy leœne po³o¿one miêdzy dolinami Sanu i Wiaru. Teren jest pofa³dowany, porozcinany licznymi dolinami potoków, z których najwiêksze to Cisowa i Olszanka. Lasy (o doœæ du¿ym stopniu naturalnoœci) stanowi¹ ponad 70% powierzchni ostoi. Najpiêkniejsze ich fragmenty to starodrzewia bukowo-sosnowe w rejonie Cisowej.


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Kilkudziesiêcioletnie lasy z przewag¹ buka; podszyt niewielki, rozproszony; wzd³u¿ potoków pojawia siê lipa szeroko- i w¹skolistna, jesion wynios³y, olsza szara.


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Stara cegielnia; stanowisko ¿o³ny znajduje siê w pobli¿u zabudowañ.


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Niewielka skarpa lessowa, po³o¿ona wœród pól, na zach. od wsi.


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Wieœ w s¹siedztwie stawów rybnych w Starzawie.


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Wieœ; gniazda umieszczone g³ównie na s³upach trakcji elektrycznej.


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Zadrzewienia wœród osiedli ludzkich (sady, parki, ogrody).


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Zadrzewienia wœród osiedli ludzkich (sady, ogrody parki).


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Najwy¿sze pasmo górskie Sudetów zbudowane ze ska³ metamorficznych. Na charakterystycznych zrównanych wierzchowinach grzbietów wystepuj¹ murawy wysokogórskie, zaroœla kosodrzewiny wierzby lapoñskiej i jarzêbiny oraz torfowiska wysokie subalpejskie. Lasy regla górnego to g³ównie bory œwierkowe, mocno zdegradowane na skutek oddzia³ywania zanieczyszczeñ powietrza. Piêtro regla dolnego jest silnie przekszta³cone w wyniku dzia³alnosci cz³owieka (g³ównie gospodarka leœna).


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Najwy¿sze partie Karkonoszy z g³ównym szczytem Œnie¿k¹, obejmuj¹ce najcenniejsze przyrodniczo obszary Sudetów Zachodnich z kot³ami polodowcowymi, jeziorami górskimi, go³oborzami, licznymi ska³kami i torfowiskami wysokimi. Lasy regla górnego porasta bór œwierkowy z licznymi torfowiskami wisz¹cymi (powsta³ymi w wyp³aszczeniach na pochy³ych œcianach skalnych masywów). W lasach regla dolnego gatunkiem dominuj¹cym jest buk, obok którego wystêpuje œwierk, modrzew, jawor, lipa jarzêbina i jod³a.


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Wielki i Ma³y Kocio³ Œnie¿ny po³o¿one pomiêdzy £abskim Szczytem a Wielkim Szyszakiem powsta³y w wyniku dzia³alnoœci lodowca. Lepiej rozwiniêty jest Wielki Kocio³ podcinaj¹cy zbocze 150-cio metrow¹ œcian¹ skaln¹. W jego dnie wystêpuj¹ dwa niewielkie Œnie¿ne Stawki, relikty miêdzy- i œródmorenowych jeziorek polodowcowych. W kotle tym wystêpuje te¿ najlepiej zachowana morena koñcowa ostatniego etapu zlodowacenia, wykszta³cona w postaci 40 m wa³u.


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The site includes Z³oty Widok hill covered by spruce forests, with picturesque monadnocks (situated to the east of the road Porêba - Piechowice) and the gorge of Kamienna River.


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The site includes the northern part of Grzbiet Lasocki (east part of Karkonosze Mts.). It is the source area of Bia³a Woda river. Slopes dissected by numerous ravines are covered by spruce and deciduous forests.


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Torfowiska wysokie ponad górn¹ granic¹ lasu na wododziale Odry i Laby z charakterystycznymi elementami: jeziorkami torfowymi, pod³u¿nymi i silnie podmok³ymi dolinkami, p³atami nagiego torfu, równinnymi obni¿eniami, nieregularnymi wyniesieniami i wa³ami torfowymi poroœniêtymi kosodrzewin¹.


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Wierzchowinowe torfowisko wysokie otoczone zaroœlami kosówki.


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Torfowiska przejœciowe i niskie w reglu górnym, powsta³e w podtopionych, na skutek wysiêków Ÿródliskowych, partiach lasu œwierkowego. Wystêpuj¹ one w postaci wisz¹cych p³atów i czêsto s¹ poroœniête borem œwierkowym. Mi¹¿szoœæ torfu waha siê od 30-80 cm, rzadko dochodz¹c do 100 cm.


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Na terenie ostoi na lewym brzegu potoku P³onnica znajduje siê sztolnia pozosta³a po ekspolatacji srebra, miedzi, kobaltu i arsenu w z³o¿u pierwotnym. Prace wydobywcze prowadzono tam od roku 1882. D³ugoœæ g³ównego ci¹gu sztolni wynosi 223,5 m, jej jedyny otwór wejœciowy po³o¿ony jest na wys.800 m npm. Sztolnia posiada boczne odga³êzienia: jedno o d³. 13,5 m po³o¿one w odleg³oœci 65 m od otworu oraz dwa mniejsze w odleg³oœciach 105 i 205 m od otworu. Dno sztolni od otworu do po³owy jej d³ugoœci jest zalane wod¹, która wystêpuje tam stale, a pokrywaj¹ go, w czêœci osady gliniaste, zaœ w czêœci przyotworowej kamienie (skutek wietrzenia mrozowego œcian). Sztolnia ta charakteryzuje siê woln¹ wymian¹ powietrza z otoczeniem i niewielkimi wahaniami temperatury. Oprócz sztolni, bêd¹cej schronieniem dla nietoperzy, w Sowiej Dolinie znajduj¹ siê budki - miejsca dziennego ukrycia nietoperzy. Stwierdzono tu te¿ ¿erowiska tych zwierz¹t: pod Gór¹ Bu³aw¹ dla M. daubentonii oraz na P³onicy dla V. murinus.


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Góry Kaczawskie nale¿¹ do gór niskich, ale charakteryzuj¹ siê skomplikowan¹ buduw¹ geologiczn¹ i urozmaicon¹ rzeŸb¹, która jest wynikiem m.in. procesów erozyjnych. Góry te tworz¹ dwa pasma oddzielone g³êboko wciêt¹ dolin¹ Kaczawy. Buduj¹ je krystaliczne wapienie dewoñskie, kwarcyty, ³upki oraz ska³y wulkaniczne (porfiry i keratofiry). Lasy pokrywaj¹ ok. 50% ostoi. S¹ to w wiêkszoœci sztuczne drzewostany œwierkowe, ale równie¿ gr¹dy, buczyny i lasy jaworowe. Wystêpuj¹ te¿ murawy kserotermiczne. Reszta terenu to pola uprawne i ³¹ki. Liczne s¹ te¿ osiedla.


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The small massif in S part of Kaczawskie Mountains. SE part of the area is covered by grasslands (Nardetalia) and there are some sandstone rocks on the hill tops.


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The area includes the central part of Kaczawskie Mts. with highest peaks (Skopiec and Baraniec) covered by latifolious and mixed forests, with monadnocks and caves.


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It is a hill partly covered by wood, with pictoresque monadnocks and carstic caves. In open places there are xerothermic grasslands.


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Szczyt góry poroœniêty m³odnikiem œwierkowym; na po³udniowym stoku z wychodniami wapieni - murawa kserotermiczna; w wy¿szych partiach stoku rós³ las bukowy, prawdopodobnie buczyna storczykowa.


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Kompleks Borów Dolnoœl¹skich jest po³o¿ony w dorzeczu Nysy £u¿yckiej, Kwisy i Bobru na ubogich, piaszczystych, miejscami podmok³ych glebach. W drzewostanie panuje sosna, w podszycie - ja³owiec, w runie borówka i wrzos. Fragmenty lasów liœciastych s¹ raczej rzadkoœci¹, ale np. wokó³ stawów w Parowej wystêpuje drzewostan ze starymi dêbami. W zachodniej czêœci Borów doœæ liczne kompleksy stawowe. W ci¹gu ostatnich dziesiêcioleci bory uleg³y powa¿nym przekszta³ceniom, przede wszystkim na skutek osuszenia terenu.:


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Peat-bogs situated ca 2km to the east of the village of Piaseczna in the Czarna Ma³a river valley. Nearly 60% of the area is covered by the wet wood of Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum, the rest non-forest communities.


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A complex of fish ponds surrounded by forests. The three central ponds are almost natural, with large areas of Phragmites and Typha, but others have been heavily altered by man. The area includes 50 ha of wet meadows lying between some of the ponds.


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Torfowisko przejœciowe z pierwotn¹ roœlinnoœci¹ oraz reliktowymi stanowiskami sosny b³otnej. Na wysokoœci 190 m npm wystêpuje ponad 200 okazów, najstarsze ponad 200lat;


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A picturesque gorge of the Kwisa river between Gryfów Œl¹ski and Leœna. Slopes covered by latifolious forests and river carrs. In the valley bottom there are meadow, rush and water plant communities.


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Góry Izerskie zbudowane s¹ z granitów. Tworz¹ dwa równoleg³e grzbiety o raczej ³agodnych kszta³tach i wyrównanych podmok³ych wierzchowinach. Na tych wierzchowinach w strefie górnoreglowej i w pietrze kosówki wykszta³ci³y siê torfowiska. Roœlinnoœæ jest doœæ silnie przekszta³cona, regiel dolny - g³ównie przez gospodarkê, zaœ regiel górny wykazuje zmiany spowodowane zanieczyszczeniami powietrza.


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The site includes a raised peat bog, situated between Suchacz Mt. (917 m a.s.l.) and Hala Izerska at the border with Czech, with its surroundings composed of dwarf mountain pine thickets and spruce forest.


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The site includes a peat bog, situated at the junction of Zielnik and Wrzeœnica streams, below Sine Ska³ki rocks, together with surrounding it dwarf-pine thickets and adjacent meadow (lying to the south of the peat bog).


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Jest to torfowisko przejœciowe, poroœniête kosodrzewin¹ i brzoz¹ kar³owat¹, po³o¿one w obni¿eniu u zbiegu potoków.


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Ostoja obejmuje g³êboki prze³om doliny Bobru od Jeleniej Góry do Lwówka Œl. przez pogórze ...... Po³o¿ona jest na dwóch poziomach terasowych, z ³¹kami i pastwiskami oraz mozaik¹ zadrzewieñ nadrzecznych. Drzewostany na zboczach doliny, o charakterze zbli¿onym do naturalnego, s¹ dobrze zachowane.


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P³aski bagienny teren po³o¿ony w kotlinie pomiêdzy Górami O³owianymi a Wzniesieniami Dziwiszowskimi w pobli¿u Ÿróde³ potoku Radomoerka. Torfowisko otoczone jest borem bagiennym.


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Sztolnia nad inhalatorem rodanowym oraz strychy budynków.


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Ostoja obejmuje kompleks 7 stawów hodowlanych (w sumie ok. 60 ha), po³o¿onych 4 km na wschód od £agowa, wraz z przyleg³ymi lasami, zaroslami wierzbowymi, wilgotnymi ³¹kami i polami. Pasy roœlinnoœci wodnej (g³ównie szuwary trzcinowe) na stawach s¹ przewa¿nie w¹skie, tylko w niektórych miejscach osi¹gaj¹ 30-40m. Woda ze stawów jest jesieni¹ spuszczana. Lasy to ³êgi, olsy i fragmenty przekszta³conych lasów liœciastych - gr¹dów. Na jednej z grobli znajduje siê zabytkowa aleja dêbowa.


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Duszniki Zdrój to tylko nazwa kwadratu siatki UTM; dok³adna lokalizacja stanowiska nie znana.


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Zwarty, poroœniêty lasem masyw górski po³o¿ony pomiêdzy górnym odcinkiem Bia³ej L¹deckiej i jej dop³ywem Morawk¹. Jest to stosunkowo "dzika" czêœæ Sudetów (niezagospodarowana i ma³o uczêszczana przez turystów) z fragmentem pierwotnej puszczy zachowanym u Ÿróde³ Bia³ej.


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Fragmenty naturalnych lasów w obszarze Ÿród³owym Bia³ej L¹deckiej; w ni¿szych po³o¿eniach buczyna górska z domieszk¹ jaworu i œwierka, a w wy¿szych (regiel górny) wysokogórski las œwierkowy. Wystêpuja tu ponad 150-letnie buki i jawory. Ods³oniêcia prekambryjskich ska³ metamorficznych.


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Ostoja obejmuje trzon Gór Sowich od szosy Walim-Roœciszów po Srebrn¹ Górê. Stanowi centraln¹, najwy¿sz¹ czêœæ Sudetów Œrodkowych z masywem Wielkiej Sowy. Pasmo, o przebiegu NW-SE, zbudowane jest z najstarszych w Sudetach gnejsów prekambryjskich. Jest to zr¹b tektoniczny. Charakterystyczne strome zbocza. Góry poroœniete s¹ lasem bukowym i sztucznymi œwierczynami.


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Jest to ograniczony dyslokacjami masyw zbudowany z gnejsów wieku prekambryjskiego i metamorficznych ³upków ³yszczykowych, w których wyciête s¹ g³êbokie doliny o stromych zboczach. W dolinie Kleœnicy w metamorficznych ska³ach wystêpuj¹ soczewy wapienia krystalicznego (marmuru), w których powsta³y jaskinie i studnie krasowe. Masyw poroœniêty jest lasem; dominuj¹ sztuczne œwierczyny. Ponad górn¹ granic¹ lasu wystêpuj¹ wysokogórskie ³¹ki.


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Po³o¿ona na zboczu góry Stromej (1166.8 m) jaskinia wykszta³ci³a siê w soczewce marmurowej wœród ska³ metamorficznych. Posiada bogat¹ szatê naciekow¹ (miêkkie nacieki kalcytowe, pirolity, heliktyty, stalaktyty, stalagmity, kolumny naciekowe, kominy i syfony wodne). Rozpoznano ok. 2000 m korytarzy wystêpuj¹cych w trzech poziomach. Wejœcie do jaskini znajduje siê na wysokoœci 820 m n.p.m., 20 m nad dnem jaskini.


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Góry Sto³owe s¹ jedynymi w naszym kraju górami p³ytowymi z interesuj¹cymi formami rzeŸby skalnej. Zbudowane s¹ z najm³odszych w niecce œrodkowosudeckiej górnokredowych piaskowców ciosowych i margli. Ska³y zalegaja nieckowato, ale bardzo p³asko, tworz¹c dwupiêtrow¹ strukturê (górna p³yta jest silnie spêkana i zwietrza³a) o wierzchowinach przypominajacych z daleka stó³. Najpiêkniejsze piaskowcowe ska³ki zgrupowane s¹ na NE krawêdzi (Skalne Grzyby, Sk³on Radkowa, Pasterska Góra) i na SE krawêdzi masywu (Sk³on Batorowa, Ska³y Puchacza i in.), a tak¿e na najwy¿szych bastionach gór (Szczeliñcu Wielkim i Ma³ym, Skalniaku, B³êdnych Ska³kach itp. Szata roœlinna tych gór nale¿y do piêtra regla dolnego lecz zosta³a silnie przekszta³cona przez cz³owieka i obecnie jest to g³ównie las œwierkowy wprowadzony w miejsce wyciêtych lasów bukowo-jod³owych. Dobrze zachowa³y siê dolnoreglowe zbiorowiska lasów bukowych w rejonie Rogowej Kopy, Darnkowskiego Potoku i Poœnej. Lokalnie mo¿na spotkaæ naturalne œwierczyny i reliktowe stanowiska boru sosnowego. Wystêpuj¹ tu ³¹kowe zbiorowiska o du¿ym stopniu naturalnoœci. Na œrodkowym sp³aszczeniu wystêpuj¹ torfowiska wysokie.


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Torfowisko wysokie odwadniane przez dop³ywy Czerwonej Wody. Mi¹¿sznoœæ torfu siêga kilku metrów. Torfowisko rozwinê³o siê na p³askiej powierzchni o utrudnionym odp³ywie wód opadowych. Porastaj¹ go g³ównie kêpy mchu p³onnika i we³nianki.


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Powsta³e na dziale wodnym rzek Bystrzycy i Orlicy, na pod³o¿u ze ska³ metemorficznych, torfowisko wysokie górskie o mi¹¿sznosci torfu oko³o 8,5 m. Jest ono przedzielone grobl¹ (któr¹ wiedzie szlak turystyczny) na dwie czêœci: pó³nocn¹ zwan¹ "Topieliskami" i po³udniow¹ zwan¹ "Czarnym Bagnem". Wskutek zró¿nicowanego wzrostu roœlinnoœci torfowej obszar torfowiska pociêty jest na liczne kêpy oddzielone szczeliniastymi dolinkami. Dolinki wype³nione s¹ wod¹ tworz¹c grzêzawiska. Na kêpach poza mchami i porostami pojawia siê roœlinnoœæ krzewiasta. Na okrajkach roœnie kar³owaty œwierk.


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Ostoja obejmuje fragment pó³nocno-zachodniej czêœci Gór Bardzkich pomiêdzy Dolin¹ Nysy K³odzkiej a kotlin¹ ¯danowsk¹ (szosa Budzów-Wojbórz). Masyw zbudowany jest ze ska³ paleozoicznych: zlepieñców, piaskowców kwarcytowych i ³upków (kambryjskich, sylurskich i dolnokarboñskich), a tak¿e ska³ pochodzenia wulkanicznego. RzeŸba jest urozmaicona, gdy¿ kierunek fa³dowañ przebiega prostopadle do rozci¹g³oœci gór. Teren pokryty lasami; miejscami zachowa³y siê p³aty starych drzewostanów jod³owo-bukowych.


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Dolina rzeki z piaszczystymi lub ¿wirowymi pla¿ami i wyspami


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Ostoja znajduje siê na stawie "M³yñskie" na prawym brzegu Wis³y. Jest to ma³a wyspa (resztka starej grobli) porosnieta krzewami czarnego bzu.


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Ostoja obejmuje dwa du¿e kompleksy stawów rybnych, rozdzielone dolin¹ Skawy. Stawy te by³y kopane w XIV w. przez jeñców tatarskich i w ci¹gu 600 lat sta³y siê biocenozami o charakterze naturalnym. Do kompleksu w Przyrêbie przylega 80ha miesznego lasu. Stawy s¹ czêœciowo zaroœniête trzcin¹ (maks. do 59%).


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Ostojê charakteryzuje wystêpowanie ró¿norodnych form geomorfologicznych - grzbiety, garby, ¿ebra, mury skalne, go³oborza na stokach i osuwiska skalne; obszar zbudowany z fliszowych utworów serii magurskiej. Wyró¿niaj¹ siê tu trzy zwarte grupy górskie: Wielkiej Raczy, Pilska i Lipowskiej-Romanki. Ró¿ni¹ one od siebie uk³adem grzbietów i pasm górskich. Grupa Wielkiej Raczy ma partie wierzchowinowe wykszta³cone jako ostre i w¹skie grzbiety u³o¿one widlasto, oddzielone od siebie szeregiem dop³ywów górnej So³y. Grupê Pilska wyró¿niaj¹ szerokie zaokr¹glone kopu³y i ³agodne stoki porozcinane du¿¹ iloœci¹ dolin. Cechuje siê promienistym uk³adem grzbietów odchodz¹cych od j¹dra masywu - wynios³ej dwuwierzcho³kowej kopu³y (1557 mnpm) z cechami wysokogórskimi. Natomiast cech¹ obszaru Pasma Lipowskiej-Romanki s¹ wysokie, strome i zalesione pasma z licznymi halami grzbietowymi. Rzeki maj¹ tu charakter typowo górski z gwa³townymi spadkami, malowniczymi wodospadami i gêst¹ sieci¹ potoków. Szatê roœlinn¹ tworz¹ naturalne i pó³naturalne zespo³y lasów iglastych i liœciastych oraz antropogeniczne zbiorowiska. Tereny leœne zajmuj¹ ok. 80% powierzchni ostoi.


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The massif of Babia Góra is the highest mountain range of Beskid Wysoki Mts. (High Beskids), built chiefly of sandstones and shales. It distinguishes itself among other Beskid ranges by marked climatic - plant zonation (typical of high mountains). Northern slopes have much more diversified relief than southern ones. Forests cover about 80% of the area. Stands are dominated by spruce, fir, and beech. Dwarf-pine thickets occupy about 16% of the Park area. Top parts are covered by boulder fields. Ostoja obejmuje pó³nocne zbocza Babiej Góry od wzniesienia ok. 800 m do grani wododzia³owej. Znajduj¹ siê tu piêtrowo u³o¿one biotopy dolnego i górnego regla (do ok. 1350m), jaworzyna karpacka i zespo³y zio³oroœlowe oraz naskalne w piêtrze kosodrzewiny (do ok. 1600m), jak równie¿ niewielkie powierzchniowo piêtro hal (1600-1725m npm.). Ponadto zaliczono do tej ostoi górn¹ czêœæ rzeki Skawicy, biotopy reglowe na zboczach Ja³owca/Mêdralowej i Policy, fragmenty ³¹k i ¿wirowiska u podnó¿y. Na terenie Babiogórskiego Parku Narodowego, który w ca³oœci znajduje siê na terenie ostoi, stwierdzono obecnoœæ 60 zbiorowisk roœlinnych, w tym 47 zbiorowisk roœlin naczyniowych i 13 zbiorowisk roœlin zarodnikowych. Flora masywu Babiej Góry wraz z jej podnó¿em liczy oko³o 700 gatunków roœlin naczyniowych, blisko 200 gatunków mchów, ponad 100 gatunków w¹trobowców, ponad 250 gatunków porostów, ponad 100 gatunków glonów, ponad 640 gatunków grzybów wiekszych Macromycetes, ponad 100 gatunków Mycomycetes oraz ponad 100 gatunków Pyrenomycetes.


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Ostoja obejmuje polsk¹ czêœæ kopu³y Pilska, wraz z halami Miziow¹ i Cebulow¹ po Romankê. Porastaj¹ j¹ lasy regla górnego z moczarami Ÿródliskowymi i polanami grzbietowymi, przechodz¹ce powy¿ej 1400 m npm. w kosodrzewinê.


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Niezamarzaj¹cy zbiornik retencyjny na Wiœle, otoczony ³¹kami, polami oraz trzcinowiskami.


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Ma³y potok podgórski o charakterze naturalnym. P³ynie wœród ³¹k i zaroœli ³êgowych silnie go zacieniaj¹cych.


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ród³owy odcinek Wis³y (Bia³a i Czarna Wise³ka) do jej po³¹czenia z Malink¹. Ostoja jest naturalnym siedliskiem pstr¹ga potokowego. Wystêpuj¹ tu klasyczne przyk³ady form erozji w skalnych korytarzach potoków Wise³ek: progi z wodospadami, rynny, p³yty zeœlizgowe i kot³y eworsyjne. W sposób ci¹g³y ods³aniaj¹ siê utwory serii œl¹skiej: w dolinie Bia³ej Wise³ki pe³ny profil przejœcia warstw godulskich górnych w piaskowce istebniañskie, w Czarnej Wise³ce sekwencja dolnych piaskowców istebniañskich, w Malince warstwy godulskie z charakterystycznymi ³awicami zlepieñców.


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Fragment pierwotnego krajobrazu doliny Wis³y; naturalny las gr¹dowy (gr¹d niski) z przewag¹ starodrzewia lipowego.


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Strych starego koœcio³a; w szczelinie w belce konstrukcyjnej dachu znajduje siê kolonia rozrodcza P. pipistrellus


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kolonia rozrodcza Rhinolophus hipposideros na strychu starego koœcio³a w Radziechowach


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Miejscowoœæ Milówka nad So³¹; nadrzeczne zadrzewienia wierzbowo-topolowe w pobli¿u sadów owocowych s¹ miejscem wystêpowania dziêcio³a syryjskiego (Dendrocopos syriacus); wie¿a koœcio³a parafialnego to stanowisko nocka du¿ego (Myotis myotis) i p³omykówki (Tyto alba).


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Nie u¿ytkowane ma³e, œródleœne stawki, Groble piêtrz¹ wodê na ma³ym dop³ywie £añskiego Potoku;


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Ostoja obejmuje kilkaset arów ³¹k po³o¿onych na zboczu wzgórza £yska, porzecinanych miedzami i p³atami lasów; bogata mozaika zbiorowisk roœlinnych.


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Ostojê stanowi¹ bulwary miejskie nad So³¹ w ¯ywcu.


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Fragment dawnej Puszczy Karpackiej, prawie ca³y w piêtrze regla dolnego (1110 m npm.), z lasem jod³owo-bukowym i sztucznie wprowadzonym œwierkiem; regiel górny z naturalnym zespo³em œwierka zajmuje tereny najwy¿ej po³o¿one. Jest to po³udniowo-wschodnia czêœæ Beskidu Œl¹skiego z Barani¹ Gór¹ (1220 m npm.) i Ma³ym Skrzycznym (1210m npm). Beskid Œl¹ski to góry zwarte, masywne z du¿ymi wysokoœciami wzglêdnymi (400-700 m) oraz stromymi stokami; czêsto wystêpuj¹ osuwiska, zerwy, œciany i ambony skalne oraz jaskinie szczelinowe. Têdy przebiega dzia³ wodny pomiêdzy dorzeczem Wis³y i Odry; na zachodnich stokach Baraniej Góry znajduj¹ siê Ÿródliska Bia³ej i Czarnej Wise³ki.


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Jaskinia typu szczelinowego, le¿¹ca na po³udniowo-wschodnim stoku góry Malinów, powsta³a w piaskowcach serii godulskiej. Tworzy j¹ wielopoziomowy system korytarzy szczelinowych d³. 132 m, szer. do 15 m, o zmiennej wysokoœci; w w¹skiej komorze ma³y stawek;


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Po³udniowo-zachodnia czêœæ Pogórza Cieszyñskiego. Teren w ró¿nym stopniu u¿ytkowany gospodarczo, mozaikowy uk³ad upraw i zbiorowisk roœlinnych. Obecnoœæ nieczynnych kamienio³omów sprzyja tworzeniu siê zbiorowisk ciep³olubnych.


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Ostoja o charakterze leœnym obejmuje rejon potoku Wapienica pomiêdzy górami B³atnia i Szyndzielnia, w pó³nocnej czêœci Beskidu Œl¹skiego. Z du¿ym zró¿nicowaniem wysokoœci ³¹czy siê zró¿nicowanie siedlisk i roœlinnoœci. Zespo³em dominuj¹cym jest buczyna karpacka.


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Jaskinia typu szczelinowego, rozwiniêta w piaskowcach serii godulskiej, po³o¿ona ok. 0,5 km na pó³nocny-zachód od szczytu Trzy Kopce; jest to system korytarzy d³. 400 m, z trzema komorami.


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Grupa górska Madohory (934m npm.) zbudowana z warstw lgockich, godulskich i istebniañskich serii œl¹skiej; wyrównane wierzchowiny osi¹gaj¹ wysokoœæ 800 do 900 m. Ostojê porastaj¹ lasy dolnoreglowe (buczyna karpacka). W niektórych miejscach oko³o 200 letnie starodrzewia z przewa¿aj¹cym udzia³em buka.


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Jaskinia typu szczelinowego rozwiniêta w piaskowcach fliszu karpackiego, po³o¿ona na po³udniowym stoku Gronia ok. 1km na zachód od osiedla Gibary.


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Jaskinia szczelinowa w piaskowcach fliszu karpackiego w po³udniowym stoku wzgórza le¿¹cego na pó³nocny zachód od miejscowoœci Zagórze.;


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Dolina Skawy na odcinku Wadowice - Grodzisko (wraz ze stawami Tomice). W obrêbie wyznaczonej tu ostoi rzeka meandruje dziêki czemu powsta³y naturalne wyspy i starorzecza. W dolinie s¹ liczne wyrobiska po eksploatacji ¿wiru. Brzegi rzeki porastaj¹ wikliny nadrzeczne i ³êgi, p³aty roœlinnoœci szuwarowej, ³¹kowej oraz zio³oroœli.


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Ostoja obejmuje podgórski potok Kleczanka, który zachowa³ naturalny charakter. P³ynie wœród zaroœli ³êgowych, jest zacieniony. Dno przewa¿nie us³ane kamieniami i ¿wirem.


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Obszar o urozmaiconej morfologii osuwiskowej z licznymi ska³kami zbudowanymi z grubych ³awic piaskowcowo-zlepieñcowych nale¿¹cych do kompleksu warstw piaskowców magurskich. Osuwisko skalne o rozwiniêtym systemie form; wzd³u¿ krawêdzi niszy osuwiska na d³. ok. 800 m ci¹gn¹ siê ska³ki o 2-15 m wysokoœci. Poszczególne formy skalne uleg³y osuniêciu grawitacyjnemu, rozpad³y siê i utworzy³y blokowisko, miejscami z labiryntem korytarzy; rowy rozpadlinowe o dnach zas³anych blokami. Starodrzew porastaj¹cy teren rezerwatu stanowi resztkê jod³owo-bukowej puszczy karpackiej. Przewa¿a 80-100 letni drzewostan bukowy.


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Najwy¿szy masyw górski w Karpatach Zach. zbudowany ze ska³ krystalicznych (Tatry Wysokie), krystalicznych i osadowych (Tatry Zachodnie) i osadowych (Tatry Zakopiañskie); wspó³czesna rzeŸba Tatr jest zwi¹zanaz dzia³alnoœci¹ lodowca. W Tatrach Zachodnich i Zakopiañskich rozwinê³y siê zjawiska krasowe z licznymi jaskiniami (najg³êbsza - Jaskinia Wlk. Œnie¿na - 780 m g³., najwiêksza - Jaskinia Miêtusia - 9400 m d³. korytarzy). Teren o du¿ej iloœci opadów i bogactwie wywierzysk, mokrade³, strumieni i potoków, przep³ywów podziemnych a tak¿e jezior (ponad 30 - najwiêksze to Morskie Oko 34,5 ha); klimat o cechach wysokogórskich strefy umiarkowanej z czêstymi inwersjami temperatury, gwa³townymi spadkami ciœnienia atmosferycznego i z wiatrami typu fenowego (halny). Z wysokogórskim klimatem wi¹¿e siê piêtrowoœæ roœlinnoœci tatrzañskiej: do 1250 mnpm - regiel dolny: pierwotnie lasy jod³owo-bukowe, obecnie w wiêkszoœci przekszta³cone przez cz³owieka w monokultury œwiekowe, 1250-1550 m npm - regiel górny: bór œwierkowy; 1550-1800 m npm - piêtro kosodrzewiny; powy¿ej 1800 m npm. - piêtro alpejskie: murawy wysokogórskie; powy¿ej 2300 mnpm - piêtro turniowe: wœród skalnych œcian p³aty muraw wysokogórskich z boimk¹ dwurzêdow¹ i kostrzew¹ nisk¹.


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Tatry Zachodnie s¹ ni¿sze ni¿ Wysokie. Ich czêœæ po³udniowa zbudowana jest z mniej odpornych gnejsów i ³upków krystalicznych, natomiast pó³nocna ze ska³ mezozoicznych, wœród których du¿¹ rolê odgrywaj¹ odporne wapienie jurajskie i triasowe. Tatry Zachodnie zosta³y rozcz³onkowane dolinami rzecznymi w pliocenie.


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Jaskinia w Dolinie Chocho³owskiej, jedna z kilku o charakterze pzrep³ywowym bêd¹cych dawnymi korytarzami podziemnymi potoku Siwej Wody; jaskinia liczy 1650 m d³ugoœci i kryje wyj¹tkowo bogate nacieki z mleka wapiennego;


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Jakinia w Dolinie Koœcieliskiej udostêpniona do zwiedzania. Pomiêdzy jej dwoma otworami wiedzie szlak turystyczny, w bok od tego szlaku znajduje siê labirynt ciasnych i krêtych, wielokrotnie przecinaj¹cych siê chodników o ³¹cznej d³ugoœci ponad 1km.


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Jaskinia Zimna znajduje siê na stoku Doliny Koœcieliskiej. Jej wnêtrze urozmaicone jest szeregiem korytarzy i komór z licznymi jeziorkami;


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Teren o wyj¹tkowych walorach krajobrazowych z typowymi formami rzeŸby postglacjalnej (wa³y morenowe, cyrki polodowcowe, podciête zbocza, wisz¹ce dolinki, jeziora polodowcowe). Morskie Oko jest najwiêkszym w Tatrach jeziorem (34,93 ha). Poni¿ej torfowisko utworzone pomiêdzy dwoma morenami, z profiem palynologicznym osi¹gaj¹cym do 13 tys. lat wstecz. Le¿¹cy powy¿ej Czarny Staw ³¹czy siê z Morskim Okiem malowniczymi kaskadami wodnymi.


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Oligotroficzne stawki przep³ywowe na pod³o¿u granitowym, otoczone go³oborzami, wokó³ niewielkie zatorfienia z dominacj¹ ubogich torfowisk niskich i przejœciowych.


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Wapienny masyw Kominiarskiego Wierchu z licznymi oryginalnymi formami krasowymi, jaskinie, niedostêpne urwiska i piargi.


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Ci¹g niewysokich ska³ek dolomitowych, poprzerywanych urwiskami. Po³udniowe zbocze to pionowe, kilkudziesiêciometrowe œciany. Na wierzchowinie i pó³kach rosn¹ reliktowe laski sosnowe. U podnó¿y lasy dolnoreglowe.


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G³êboka, wciêta dolina wciosowa - w¹wóz, którego dnem p³ynie potok. Na wapiennych stromych œcianach pó³ki skalne i grzêdy ze zbiorowiskami murawowymi oraz przeœwietlonymi laskami sosnowymi. Wyp³aszczenie wokó³ w¹wozu poroœniête lasem. Szczególnie malownicze s¹ progi skalne i kocio³ki eworsyjne na dnie potoku i ostañce wapienne.


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Jedna z najpiêkniejszych i najbardziej malowniczych dolin reglowych. Rozci¹ga siê ona od tzw. Œcie¿ki pod Reglami a¿ po wodospad Siklawica, który daje pocz¹tek potokowi Str¹¿yskiemu. Od po³udnia dolinê zamyka masyw Giewontu a od wschodu Sarnia Ska³a, na której obserwuje siê zjawisko silnego obni¿enia piêter roœlinnych.


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Partie grzbietowe Masywu Czerwonych Wierchów, podciête skalnymi urwiskami. Oryginalna budowa geologiczna - wapienne masywy z granitowymi "czapami".


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Pieniny Centralne znajduj¹ siê w paœmie górskim Pienin, które obejmuj¹ skrajnie pó³nocny fragment Pieniñskiego Pasa Ska³kowego. Zbudowane s¹ z wapieni i piaskowców. Znajduj¹ siê tu 22 jaskinie, w wiêkszoœci pseudokrasowego pochodzenia; najwiêksza jest Jaskinia w Ociemnem (d³. 196 m, g³. 47.5 m). Charakterystyczne dla Pienin s¹ bardzo du¿e ró¿nice klimatów lokalnych miêdzy po³udniowymi i pó³nocnymi zboczami. Gêsta jest sieæ Ÿróde³, w wiêkszoœci krasowych, o du¿ej wydajnoœci. 60% powierzchni zajmuj¹ lasy; na zboczach o ekspozycji N przewa¿a ¿yzna buczyna karpacka, w w¹wozach górski las jaworowy, zbocza o wystawie S zajmuj¹ ciep³olubne naskalne lasy bukowe i jod³owe. Charakterystyczne dla Pienin s¹ pó³naturalne ³¹ki obfituj¹ce w storczyki. Strome œciany porastaj¹ górskie murawy.


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Ostoja obejmuje malowniczy prze³om Dunajca pomiêdzy Czerwonym Klasztorem a Szczawnic¹. Dolina jest tu bardzo w¹ska i niezwykle krêta. Na odcinku 2,5 km w linii prostej rzeka tworzy siedem ostrych zakrêtów i ma 9 km d³ugoœci. Dno doliny, zwê¿aj¹ce siê miejscami do kilkunastu metrów, ca³kowicie wype³nia rzeka, której spadek jest du¿y, ale nierównomierny; wystêpuj¹ tu na przemian bystre "szypoty" i spokojne "plosa". Ujœcia bocznych dolinek s¹ zawieszone nad Dunajcem, gdy¿ ich wody nie dorównuj¹ mu w erozyjnym pog³êbianiu koryt. Geneza prze³omu nie zosta³a do dzisiaj wyjaœniona. Sawicki (1909) przyjmowa³ antecedencjê - stopniowe, powolne wypiêtrzanie Pienin w poprzek istniej¹cej ju¿, starszej od gór, krêtej doliny Dunajca. Limanowski (1905) przyjmowa³ mo¿liwoœæ epigenezy, czyli odgórnego wcinania 	siê Dunajca, p³yn¹cego pierwotnie zakolami, w pod³o¿e zbudowane z utworów ma³o i bardzo odpornych. Paw³owski (1915) dopatrywa³ siê cech zarówno pigenetycznych jak i antecedentnych. Wed³ug Klimaszewskiego (1950) prze³om pieniñski ma tak¿e du¿o cech prze³omu strukturalnego. Zakola Dunajca nie s¹ meandrami wciêtymi, ale s¹ wymuszone zarówno rozmieszczeniem twardych ska³ek i ma³o odpornej os³ony, jak te¿ przebiegiem licznych szczelin, pêkniêæ i dyslokacji.


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Malowniczy fragment doliny rzecznej o piêknym krajobrazie, reliktowe stanowisko roœlin wysokogórskich na wysokiej wapiennej skale o stromo œciêtej œcianie (na wys. 620 - 650 m npm.), wystawa pó³nocna


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Ostojê stanowi skalisty w¹wóz wciêty w wapiennych utworach serii czortyñskiej i niedzickiej. S¹ to najlepsze ods³oniêcia bia³ego wapienia krynoidowego. W¹wóz Homole jest rowem rozpadlinowym powsta³ym w wyniku ruchów podnosz¹cych, pêkania i dzielenia siê p³yty na bloki oraz ich klawiszowego osiadania w miêkkim pod³o¿u zbudowanym z ³upków jurajskich.


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Naturalna ska³ka serii czorsztyñskiej Pieniñskiego Pasa Ska³kowego zbudowana z muszlowca rogoŸnickiego.


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Najwy¿szy szczyt Ma³ych Pienin z otaczaj¹cymi go ³¹kami i lasem. Profil osadów jurajskich serii czertezickiej typowo wykszta³cony. Partie szczytowe Wysokich Ska³ek s¹ zbudowane z szarych wapieni krynoidowych a tak¿e wapieni kalpionellowych, wapieni bulastych oraz czerwonych i zielonych radiolarytów. Kompleks skalny jest silnie sfa³dowany i le¿y na starszych utworach ilasto-³upkowo-marglistych.


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Ruiny zamku na wzgórzu wapiennym, ska³ka ukazuj¹ca profil warstw Œrodkowej i Górnej Jury oraz Dolnej i Œrodkowej Kredy.


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Ostoja jest fragmentem Kotliny Orawsko-Nowotarskiej, której powstanie zwi¹zane jest z wypiêtrzeniem górotworów Beskidów i Tatr. Dno Kotliny zbudowane jest z fliszu. W plejstocenie sp³ywaj¹ce z gór prarzeki nanios³y tu warstwy ¿wirów, piasków, nieprzepuszczalnych i³ów. Gruboœæ ich pok³adów dochodzi do 1300m. Torfowiska Borów Nowotarskich to rozleg³y, nale¿¹cy do najwiêkszych w Polsce, kompleks torfowisk wysokich oraz borów sosnowo-œwierkowych i ³êgów nadrzecznych. Oko³o 10-9 tys. lat temu u schy³ku epoki lodowej sprzyjaj¹ce warunki klimatyczne i geologiczne spowodowa³y, ¿e na obszarze Kotliny rozpocz¹³ siê trwaj¹cy do dziœ proces wzrostu torfowisk. Torfowiska wysokie tej ostoi nale¿¹ do typu ba³tyckiego. W najlepiej zachowanych fragmentach (m.in. w pn. czeœci Puœcizny Wielkiej) maj¹ wyraŸnie zaznaczon¹ strukturê kêpkowo-dolinkow¹. Badania paleontologiczne pozwoli³y poznaæ stan fauny, która ¿y³a na tym terenie dawniej. ¯y³y tu m.in. mamuty i ³osie. Na podstawie analizy py³kowej ustalono, i¿ limba Pinus cembra wystêpowa³a tu prawdopodobnie od najstarszego dryasu, a pocz¹tki dzia³alnoœci cz³owieka wi¹¿e siê z okresem subborealnym. Wtedy w diagramach py³kowych pojawi³y siê py³ki roœlin synantropijnych np. Plantago lanceolata. Specyficzne, skrajne warunki œrodowiska powoduj¹, i¿ ostoja jest obszarem bytowania borealnych gatunków roœlin i zwierz¹t.


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Bór na Czerwonem is situated on the right bank of the Bia³y Dunajec River at an altitude of about 620 m a.s.l. on a fluvioglacial talus of Tatra origin, formed by gravel of different ages. Bór na Czerwonem is a raised bog. Its formation started at the onset of Atlantic period, i.e. 4000-5000 years ago, as a result of the transformation of forest into marsh. The maximum thickness of peat is 4.76 m (Obidowicz 1988);


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Ostoja obejmuje polsk¹ mniejsz¹ czêœæ tego du¿ego pogranicznego torfowiska (reszta w granicach S³owacji). Przed I wojn¹ œwiatow¹ by³o eksploatowane; obecnie obserwuje siê regenerackê roœlinnoœci torfowiskowej.


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It is a raised bog threatened by intense peat digging; mostly wasteland, the formerly exploited area (c. 45 ha) partly turned into pastures; a supreme example of natural plant succession.


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Stary las sosnowy (100-150 lat) wykszta³cony na torfowisku wysokim. Dzrzewostan luŸny, zwarcie drzew 50%, podszyt 10%.


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Jest to nieu¿ytek - torfowisko wysokie o budowie kopulastej, na obrze¿ach nieregularnie niszczone wskutek niezorganizowanej eksploatacji torfu; potorfia zajmuj¹ ok. 9.5 ha.


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Torfowisko wysokie o strukturze kêpkowo-dolinkowej; w wiêkszoœci nieu¿ytek, ok. 100 ha objête eksploatacj¹ (lopalnia torfu ogrodniczego); potorfia zajmuj¹ ok. 70ha.


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Torfowisko wysokie z zaroœlami kosówki; nieu¿ytek, czêœciowo u¿ytkowany jako pastwiska (s³abe); powierzchnia pociêta wyrobiskami i rowami. peat bog overgrown with dwarf mountain pine. W otoczeniu torfowiska piêkny bór bagienny.


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Torfowisko wysokie, jedno z najwiêkszych w kompleksie; oko³o po³owa powierzchni pierwotnej zdegradowana wydobyciem torfu, du¿a czêœæ nadal eksploatowana, pociêta wyrobiskami i rowami; potorfia zajmuj¹ ok. 94,2 ha; obrze¿a czêœciowo zadarnione.


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Ostoja obejmuje zlewniê rzeki Kamienicy a¿ po szczyty Gorca, Kud³onia i Jaworzyny. Kamienica p³ynie g³êbok¹ dolin¹ o bardzo urozmaiconej morfologii, która w znacznej czêœci zachowa³a naturalny charakter. Wy¿ej po³o¿one partie ostoi poroœniête s¹ przez bory: œwierkowy i mieszany, przechodzace ni¿ej w buczynê karpack¹. Nad sam¹ rzek¹ rosn¹ zio³oroœla nadpotokowe.


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Równole¿nikowo u³o¿one grzbiety ze s³abo zaznaczonymi szczytami, boczne grzbiety poprzedzielane dolinami licznych potoków, zbocza bardzo strome. Teren charakteryzuje siê zwart¹ pokryw¹ leœn¹. Gdzieniegdzie widoczne wychodnie piaskowca magurskiego.


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Ostoj¹ jest pas wzniesieñ po³o¿onych równole¿nikowo, zbudowanych z fliszu podhalañskiego. Grzbiety rozciête s¹ g³êbokimi, w¹skimi dolinami potoków. W lokalnych zag³êbieniach terenu znajduj¹ siê liczne m³aki i podmok³e ³¹ki. Du¿o Ÿróde³.


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Ostoja obejmuje odcinek Czarnej Orawy od po³¹czenia trzech Ÿród³owych potoków powy¿ej miejscowoœci Podwilk do ujœcia Lipnicy (dop³yw Cz. Orawy). Szerokoœæ rzeki waha siê na tym odcinku od 3-3,5 m do 15-20 m, a g³êbokoœæ od 10-60 do 30-120 cm. Dno stopniowo zmienia siê od zapiaszczonego, poroœniêtego glonami ¿wiru do piaszczystego, nieco zamulonego. Brzegi s¹ przewa¿nie p³askie, miejscami "pourywane", poroœniête pasami wikliny i czêœciowo drzewami. W otoczeniu g³ównie pastwiska i pola uprawne.


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Jeziorka Zawadowskie po³o¿one na pó³nocnym stoku Runka w Paœmie Lubania. Górne Jeziorko znajduje siê na wysokoœci oko³o 780 m n.p.m., dolne oko³o 760 m n.p.m. Otoczone s¹ lasem szpilkowym; stan wody w jeziorkach ulega silnym wahaniom.


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Dolina potoku £opuszna wraz z lejem Ÿródliskowym i licznymi ciekami wodnymi. RzeŸba terenu jest bardzo urozmaicona. Przewa¿a wystawa po³udniowa. Obszar ostoi porastaj¹ bory œwierkowe i buczyna karpacka - czêste s¹ starodrzewia powy¿ej 90 lat.


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Wzgórze andezytowe pochodzenia wulkanicznego (sto¿ek wulkaniczny) z interesuj¹c¹ roœlinnoœci¹ szczelin skalnych.


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M³aka niskoturzycowa w obrêbie ubogiego, zdegradowanego pastwiska na po³udniowym stoku.


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Ostoja obejmuje œródleœne zgrupowanie ska³ek na grzbiecie Góry Borowicy poroœniêtej lasem sosnowo-jod³owym. Ska³ki zbudowane s¹ z grubo³awicowego piaskowca ciê¿kowickiego. Wœród nich powsta³a jaskinia osuwiskowa, Diabla Dziura, która zosta³a wype³niona osadami czwartorzêdowymi. Przesuniêcia i zablokowania g³azami utworzy³y piêtrowy system korytarzy o znacznej deniwelacji. Jest to trzecia pod wzglêdem d³ugoœci (320m) i najg³êbsza (42m) jaskinia tego regionu. W g³êbokim leju, przy wschodniej granicy ostoi znajduje siê Ÿród³o szczelinowe "Zimna Woda".


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S¹ to dwa masywy górskie oddzielone od reszty Beskidu S¹deckiego dolin¹ rzeki Muszynki. Pokryte s¹ prawie w ca³oœci lasami (dominuje buczyna karpacka); niewielkie powierzchnie zajmuj¹ œródleœne polany, zio³oroœla i sztuczne nasadzenia sosnowe i œwierkowe; p³aty starych drzewostanów jod³owych w wieku 130-180 lat. Na terenie ostoi znajduje siê "Czarna M³aka" - trzêsawisko oczeretowe powsta³e wokó³ niedu¿ego, œródleœnego stawku górskiego pochodzenia osuwiskowego (pow. 10 x 20m, g³êbokoœæ 2-15 m).


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Lasy w dolinie Popradu - od rzeki (mniej wiêcej na linii ¯egiestów - Piwniczna) na wschodzie po Krynicê, a na pó³nocy po Wierch nad Kamieniem, ze zwartym kompleksem Jaworzyny Krynickiej. W du¿ej czêœci zachowa³y one naturalny charakter. Dominuj¹c¹ fitocenoz¹ jest buczyna karpacka.


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Ostojê stanowi typowy fragment Beskidów Zachodnich o swoistym uk³adzie wynios³ych grzbietów. Z Turbacza rozchodz¹ siê one promieniœcie, a ich strome stoki schodz¹ do V-kszta³tnych dolin potoków. Grzbiety te s¹ szerokie, zaokr¹glone i sp³aszczone, zaœ doliny stosunkowo g³êbokie, choæ nie skaliste i jedynie w partiach Ÿród³owych charakteryzuj¹ siê wystêpowaniem stromizn, osuwisk i wychodni skalnych. Teren ten ma bogat¹ sieæ Ÿróde³ i potoków, a najwiêkszym obszarem Ÿródliskowym s¹ szczytowe partie Turbacza. Wiêkszoœæ terenu ostoi pokrywaj¹ lasy reglowe, w czêœci o zaburzonej strukturze wiekowej i zmienionym sk³adzie drzewostanów. Partie szczytowe gór zajmuj¹ rozleg³e polany zarastaj¹ce powoli lasem w wyniku ograniczenia lub zaprzestania wypasu owiec i byd³a.


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Ostoja obejmuje pasma Bieszczadów Zachodnich ci¹gn¹ce siê z pd.-zach. na pd.- wsch. S¹ to regularne grzbiety podzielone szerokimi i g³êbokimi obni¿eniami. Posiadaj¹ one wyraŸn¹ wierzchowinê o wys. ponad 1000 m npm. i strome stoki. Na szcztyach wystêpuj¹ ostro zakoñczone grzbiety skalne oraz ³agodne skaliste wychodnie z murawami wysokogórskimi, osi¹gaj¹ce najwy¿sze wysokoœci w masywie Tarnicy (1346 m npm), Halicza (1333 m npm) i Krzemienia (1335 m npm). Szczytowe partie gór (powy¿ej 1150 m npm) poroœniête s¹ przez ³¹ki po³oninowe z olch¹ kos¹, ³anami œmia³ka darniowego i borówczyskmi. Ni¿ej (700-1150 m npm) wystêpuj¹ lasy reglowe z przewag¹ buczyny karpackiej. Pomiêdzy 500 a 700 m npm mo¿na wydzieliæ piêtro dolin, w du¿ej mierze odlesione, z zaroœlami olchy szarej nad potokami.


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Ostoja obejmuje wy¿sze partie g³ównych masywów Bieszczadów jak Kiñczyk Bukowski (1251m n.p.m.), Rozsypaniec (1272 m n.p.m.), Tarnica (1346 m n.p.m.) i inne. Teren ten charakteryzuje wystêpowanie piêter roœlinno-klimatycznych (regiel dolny i po³oniny), du¿a koncentracja gatunków rzadkich, biocenozy puszczañskie. W ostoi, chroni¹cej fragment wschodniokarpackiej przyrody w obrêbie Bieszczadów Zachodnich, wystêpuje obecnie ok. 700 gatunków roœlin naczyniowych, ok. 300 gatunków grzybów, ponad 200 gatunków krêgowców.


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Torfowisko wysokie po³o¿one w zakolu Sanu, oddzielone od koryta rzeki pasem wilgotnych ³¹k. Z³o¿e torfu w kszta³cie wa³u o przebiegu po³udnikowym. Maksymalne wypiêtrzenie wynosi ok. 2,5 m. Powierzchnia torfowiska ma strukturê kêpiast¹. Po³udniow¹ czêœæ porasta zwarty las œwierkowy z udzia³em brzozy.


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Dwa torfowiska wysokie przedzielone potokiem i pasem wilgotnych ³¹k o szerokoœci 100 m. Z³o¿e torfowe o kszta³cie kopu³y z wyraŸnym okrajkiem. Wysokoœæ wypiêtrzenia do 5 m; budowa kêpiasta. Po³udniowa i œrodkowa czêœæ poroœniêta lasem.


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Torfowisko wysokie z zespo³ami naturalnej roœlinnoœci, po³o¿one na wysokiej, p³askiej terasie ponad wciêtym korytem Sanu. W czêœci brze¿nej las œwierkowy; wyraŸnie wyodrêbniony okrajek ma charakter torfowiska niskiego, miejscami przejœciowego.


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Torfowisko wysokie po³o¿one przy meandruj¹cym korycie Sanu; okrajek o charakterze torfowiska niskiego; torfowisko jest czêœciowo poroœniête borem bagiennym ze œwierkiem, który rozmna¿a sie wegetatywnie.


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Torfowisko w ostrym zakolu Sanu; okrajek pokryty kobiercem p³onników, otoczony pierœcieniem turzyc.


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Ostoja le¿y na pó³nocno-zachodnim zboczu nad Rabiañskim Potokiem. Jest to nagromadzenie bloków piaskowcowych ró¿nej wielkoœci, na ogó³ o kszta³tach p³askich p³yt. W dolnej stromej czêœci stoku strefa go³oborza ruchomego z wa³ami kamiennymi zbudowanymi z niewielkich fragmentów do 20 cm d³ugoœci, wy¿ej i na wierzchowinie wzgórza blokowisko stosunkowo stabilne z³o¿one z du¿ych bloków oko³o 50 cm d³ugoœci. Go³oborze powsta³o z rozpadu rozleg³ej wychodni piaskowców istebniañskich górnych, nale¿¹cych do ³uski Bystrego p³aszczowiny œl¹skiej. Piaskowce grubo³awicowe, drobnoziarniste maj¹ oddzielnoœæ p³ytow¹ i ³atwo wietrzej¹, rozpadaj¹c siê na ostrokrawêdzisty rumosz. Na brzegu potoku wystêpuj¹ naturalne wyp³ywy unikalnej wody mineralnej, zawieraj¹cej siarczki arsenu. Go³obrze jest stopniowo zarastane przez œwierk i brzozê; na kamienistej madzie roœnie olszyna karpacka Alnetum incanae, a sp³aszczenia z gleb¹ mu³owo-glejow¹ zajmuje olszyna podmok³a Caltho-Alnetum, na zboczach - buczyna karpacka.


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The reserve includes the upper and middle sections of Tworylczyk drainage basin, covered by old stands (120 years on average) dominated by beech. The place is difficult to access. Glades and open areas of wind-fallen trees occupy about 24% of the site.


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Izolowane torfowisko wysokie, w formie kopu³owatego wypiêtrzenia o budowie dolinkowo-kêpkowej, pojedyncze œwierki na obrze¿ach.


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Ostojê stanowi¹ dwa jeziorka zwane Jeziorkami Duszatyñskimi powsta³e w wyniku zatamowania potoku przez osuwiska po okresie ulewnych deszczów w 1907 roku. W otoczeniu jeziorek roœnie las z du¿ym udzia³em jod³y, nale¿¹cy do zespo³u Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum. Teren osuwiska, które spowodowa³o powstanie jeziorek, jest rozleg³y. Obejmuje wyraŸnie wyodrêbnion¹ niszê osuwiska o d³ugoœci 860 m i szerokoœci 280 m, rynnê oraz wachlarzowaty jêzor osuwiskowy.


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Grzbiet górski s¹siaduj¹cy od po³udnia z Dolin¹ Sanu, pokryty zwartym lasem, tylko w partiach szczytowych nieliczne polany. Lasy stosunkowo nieznacznie przekszta³cone przez cz³owieka. Na ca³ym obszarze prowadzona jest gospodarka leœna (œredni wiek drzewostanów 100-140 lat).


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Grupa najwy¿szych szczytów Bieszczadów z piêtrem po³onin. Grzbiety ich s¹ w¹skie, czêsto z wychodniami skalnymi. Kamieniste zbocza poroœniête s¹ borówczyskami i traworoœlami. Ostro rysuj¹ca siê górna granica lasu œwiadczy o jej antropogenicznym pochodzeniu. Ostroœæ ta ³agodzona jest jedynie przez zagajniki jarzêbiny i olchy kosej. Lasy regla dolnego to buczyny w du¿ym stopniu zbli¿one do lasów pierwotych, charakterystycznych dla tego terenu. Pomiêdzy grzbietami bior¹ poczatek potoki zlewni Wo³osatego. Ich brzegi porasta olcha kosa.


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Jeden z wy¿szych szczytów granicznych z kilkudziesiêciometrowym urwiskiem. Zbudowany z gruboziarnistych piaskowców ciœniañskich, pstro ubarwionych.


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Prze³omowa czêœæ doliny silnie meandruj¹cego Sanu. Koryto przecinaj¹ progi skalne. Brzegi poroœniête laskami olchowymi, tam gdzie wyciêto laski s¹ ³¹ki.


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Przypotokowe partie w¹skiej doliny poroœniête olszynk¹.


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Kilkukilometrowy grzbiet z 3 wierzcho³kami. Zbocza przedzielone g³êboko wciêtymi jarami; w otoczeniu przylaski i polany. Górna granica lasu sztucznie obni¿ona do ok. 1000 m npm.


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Najdalej na zachód wysuniêta po³onina. Wierzcho³ek ma formê dwóch równoleg³ych grzêd skalnych. W obrêbie grzêdy pó³nocnej tzw. szczelina tensyjna.


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Górny bieg potoku Solinka i Tarnica z blokami i p³ytami piaskowcowymi poroœniêtymi mchami. Wzd³u¿ potoku zaroœla olszy szarej, a dalej zwarty bukowy las na zboczach.


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Ostoja le¿y we wschodniej czêœci Pogórza Strzy¿owskiego w strefie nasuniêæ trzech jednostek tektoniczno-facjalnych: œl¹skiej, podœl¹skiej i skolskiej. Ukszta³towa³ siê tu krajobraz o szczególnej rzeŸbie, kontrastowo odmienny od krajobrazów wymienionych jednostek geologicznych. Ostoja obejmuje zgrupowania ska³ek wystêpuj¹ce licznie na wierzchowinach wzgórz pasma Suchej Góry w rejonie Odrzykoñ-Czarnorzeki i w okolicy Woli Komborskiej. Ska³ki ukszta³towa³y siê w obrêbie wychodni grubo³awicowych i gruboziarnistych piaskowców i zlepieñców nale¿¹cych do warstw ciê¿kowickich i istebniañskich serii œl¹skiej. Formy ska³kowe wystêpuj¹ g³ównie na wierzchowinach wzgórz. S¹ to wolnostoj¹ce ska³ki zaliczne do form denudacyjnych, wyodrêbnionych w procesie obni¿ania wierzchowin i cofania stoków. Spotyka siê równie¿ formy stokowe w postaci ambon, œcian i progów. W obrêbie ska³ek wierzchowinowych i stokowych zaznaczaj¹ siê liczne szczeliny ciosowe, czêsto rozwarte i tworz¹ce korytarze. W ten sposób powstaj¹ labirynty w¹skich korytarzy, które s¹ cech¹ szczególn¹ "miast skalnych". Ska³kowe ods³oniêcia piaskowca ciê¿kowickiego w paœmie Suchej Góry przedstawiaj¹ ró¿ne facjalne wykszta³cenia utworów w obrêbie jednego podmorskiego sto¿ka piaszczysto-¿wirowego (fluksoturbiditu).


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Góry po³o¿one w miejscu zwê¿enia i najwiêkszego obni¿enia ³uku karpackiego. Ich wysokoœæ nie przekracza 1000 m npm. Zachodnia czêœæ gór zbudowana jest z warstw jednostki magurskiej, gdzie w wielu miejscach na wierzchowinach wzniesieñ piaskowce tworz¹ skaliste formy. W¹skie pasma o stromych stokach i grzbietach twardzielcowych ci¹gn¹ siê wzglêdem siebie równolegle w kierunku NW-SE. Wschodni¹ czêœæ buduj¹ stromo ustawione fa³dy i ³uski dukielskie, i tu g³ównym rysem rzeŸby s¹ wyniesione grzbiety (np. Cergowa Góra). Na stromych zboczach i w g³êbokich lejach Ÿród³owych wystêpuj¹ liczne rozleg³e osuwiska (najbardziej znane w Lipowicy ko³o Dukli). W Beskidzie Niskim znajduj¹ siê obszary Ÿródliskowe Bia³ej, Ropy, Wis³oka, Jasio³ki, które prowadz¹c swe wody ku pó³nocy p³yn¹ niekiedy obni¿eniami równolegle do grzbietów lub przecinaj¹ je w poprzek g³êbokimi prze³omami. Obficie wystêpuj¹ wody mineralne. Roœlinnoœæ uk³ada siê w dwa piêtra: piêtro pogórza - zajête g³ównie przez pola uprawne, a tylko na niewielkich powierzchniach przez lasy gr¹dowe - i piêtro regla dolnego poroœniête buczyn¹ i nasadzeniami œwierkowymi.


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Ostoja obejmuje pasma Magury W¹tkowskiej, Magury Ma³astowskiej i Gór Hañczowskich; na tym terenie znajduje siê zasadnicza czêœæ obszaru Ÿródliskowego Wis³oki. Wyp³ywa ona ze zbocza Dêbiego Wierchu w otulinie MPN. Ostoja le¿y w zasiêgu dwóch piêter roœlinnych: piêtro pogórza do 530 m npm. i wy¿ej po szczyty piêtro regla dolnego. Drzewostany bukowe lub z dominacj¹ buka zajmuj¹ najwiêksz¹ czêœæ ostoi. Starodrzewy s¹ niezbyt liczne - najstarsze osi¹gaj¹ 130-140 lat. Drzewostany jod³owe lub z dominacj¹ jod³y s¹ w œrednich lub starszych klasach wiekowych. Drzewostany sosnowe, zajmuj¹ce znaczne powierzchnie, g³ównie w ni¿szych czêœciach stoków, pochodz¹ z powojennych zalesieñ gruntów porolnych i maj¹ obecnie po oko³o 45-50 lat. W podszycie wystêpuje buk, jod³a, jawor i gatunki domieszkowe. Drzewostany brzozowe, pochodz¹ce równie¿ ze sztucznych nasadzeñ na gruntach porolnych, 45-55 letnie, charakteryzuj¹ siê dobr¹ zdrowotnoœci¹. W drodze samosiewu i sztucznych odnowieñ pod drzewostanami brzozowymi wykszta³ci³o siê ni¿sze piêtro z dominacj¹ buka i jod³y. Doœæ znaczn¹ rolê na terenie ostoi odgrywaj¹ porolne olszyny, powsta³e przewa¿nie z samosiewu. Szacuje siê, i¿ we florze ostoi wystêpuje 700 gatunków roœlin naczyniowych. Fauna ma charakter przejœciowy miêdzy Karpatami Zachodnimi i Wschodnimi. Wystêpuje tu oko³o 35 gatunków ssaków, 106 gatunków lêgowych ptaków, 10 gatunków ryb.


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Lesista, g³êboko wciêta, malownicza, prze³omowa dolina o kamienistym dnie; dobrze zachowany drzewostan o "klasycznym pietrowym uk³adzie" (olsza szara na dnie doliny, gr¹d z domieszk¹ grabu w ni¿szych partiach; i buczyna karpacka w wy¿szych); du¿a liczba okaza³ych drzew pomnikowych; lasy jod³owo-bukowe z bogat¹ roslinnoœci¹ podszycia i runa; stanowisko cisa;


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Czêœæ grzbietu górskiego pociêtego Ÿród³owymi odcinkami rzek i potoków. ródliska po³o¿one s¹ w stromych, g³êbokich lejach z licznymi podciêciami, obrywami i ods³oniêciami warstw skalnych; w korytach progi i bloki skalne. Liczne s¹ formy rzeŸby osuwiskowej. W zachodniej czêœci zbocza s¹ mniej nachylone, a potoki czêsto tworz¹ p³askie, zabagnione lub zatorfione odcinki. Zró¿nicowana i dobrze zachowana szata roœlinna - starodrzewia liœciaste i mieszane oraz kompleksy torfowiskowo-bagienne.


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W meandrach potoku Olszanica (Olszanka) na dawnej terasie zalewowej, gdzie na podmok³ym, trudno dostêpnym terenie rozwin¹³ siê bujny ³êg wierzbowo-topolowy i zaroœla wiklinowe bytuje bóbr europejski.


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Fragmenty krajobrazu charakterystycznego dla Karpat Wschodnich; prze³omowe odcinki rzek i potoków; osobliwoœci geologiczne; oryginalne ska³ki piaskowcowe; dominuj¹ lasy - g³ównie buczyna karpacka; u¿ytki rolne 32%; miejscami lasy gr¹dowe;


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Ostoja obejmuje naturalne zespo³y leœne, typowe dla pogórza (gr¹d, buczyna karpacka, podgórski ³êg) z bogatym runem. Fragmenty wzgórza w zakolu Sanu zajête s¹ przez ciep³olubne murawy. Stamt¹d notowane by³y rzadkie gatunki stepowych pajêczaków.


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Strome zbocze nad Zalewem Myczkowskim, poroœniête gr¹dami, w górnej czêœci wzgórza skalna œcianka.


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This area is a small part of the East-Alps, which is dissected by deep valleys and mainly covered by native xerotherm and moderately humid broad-leaved forests (oakwoods, oak-hornbeam woods, beech woods) and cultivated fir wood stands.:


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Characteristic landscape of the riverbranches, abandoned river-beds and islands, protected plants and animals living there and the flood-plain communities constitutes the values of the territory. The gravel-blanket of the region was carried by the rivers. Nowadays the floods are highly controlled, the riverbranches were breaked off from the Danube. Since 1991 - when the river was diverted to the Gabcikovo (Slovakia) hydroelectric water plant - the branches and the old Danube bed are supplied with less than one tenth of the original water output.:


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Intensively managed riparian forest area on a Danube island in the Szigetköz. The woods mainly consist of poplar plantations. The main ecological factor determining the biota of the area is the natural water-regime of the river Danube.


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Largest reed bed in the Szigetköz area. Formerly it was in a U-shaped meander, which now separated from the flowing water.


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The only larger remnants of the original flood plain forest stands in the region, which preserved a lot of plant and animal species from the earlier period.:


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The Lake Ferto includes the greatest reed beds of Central-Europe. It is surrounded by humid grasslands and saline meadows of great extent. The water of the lake is saline in the reed beds, however, distrophic ponds occur. The flora of the region is poor in protected species, but the avifauna and the saline meadows are of great importance.:


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A hill of calciferous rock bed covered by thermophilous oak woods and rich patches of steppic grassland. At the foot of the hill there is a small area of humid grassland (Kis-Tómalom rétje).:


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A great moorland, associated with humid grasslands and swamp woods, most of which has already been drained. Having got protected (1976) the deterioration of the territory became slower or stopped, but many species had already become extinct (Otis tarda, Vipera ursinii rakosiensis). Peat mining is still in progress.:


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One of the unique meadow-land in the western part of Hungary, which can be characterized by hayfields and grasslands with rare plant species.:


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Drift-sandy area, deposited by the River Danube. The original vegetation was oakwoods with small steppic openings. In consequences of the intensive grazing the forest stands forced back in the last decades. Nowadays the area naturally reforested again, because of the less grazing.:


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The mountain is a small extension of the East-Alps, but of mid-range mountain character. The mountain is in one block, and covered by acidophilous, moderately humid (or slightly dry) broad-leaved forests. There are some mixed-woods (needle- and broad-leaved) and riverine vegetation along creeks in some extent. Montane and dealpine species can be found in the area.:


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Small, isolated remnants of the large extent meadow-land, which had dominated in the past at the foothills of the Koszeg Mountains. Common name of the area is: "Zsido-ret".:


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Broad-leaved forest stands, and special in ravine forest with shady and humid habitat. There are living high number of rare plant species of the region.:


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It is the only remnant of the chestnut-forest stands once covering big area behind the two-hundred years old cellars of the famous Koszeg-Hegyalja vine-yards. This special habitat was developed by the long-standing traditional old landuse managment practice of the population.:


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Most-western part of Hungary with strong sub-atlantic climate, the soil is clay. The area is hihgly forested, with springs, mires, marshes along the streams. The forests are managed traditionally in selection system.:


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Hilly landscape with traditional forest management and agriculture. Villages preserved a really traditional way of life, folk architect and folk arts. The area is extremely interesting because of the special settlement structure in the landscape.:


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Acidous soils and waters, springs. Various wet meadows with rare Sphagnum communities and habitats. Typical Western-Transdanubial habitats with a lot of atlantic species, which are rare in Hungary.:


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Remnant hill, which built up of basalt with high geological interest. It has a unique geological formation, which is basalt palisade and brash (detrital cone) below. The slopes and the plateau of the circumdenudation (detrital cone) are covered by submediterranean woods and swards. The foots of the hill covered by vineyards producing famous vine.:


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Large hilly part of the Transdanubian Medium Range, originally covered mainly by beech woods and it is forested considerable till now. The substrate partly limestone, dolomite. Basalt occurs subordinately.:


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The central and highest part of the Bakony Mountains. The substrates are limestone and dolomite. The mountain landscape is covered by forest, beechwoods and mixed stands. Especially characteristic here the deep gorges vegetated by ravine-forests.:


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A low hilly region at the Eastern Part of the Bakony Mountains. Transdanubian Medium Range. The geomorphology of the region is - because of the dolomite ridges dissecting the landscape - remarkable, forming a series of habitats that enable the demands of both submediterranean and mountainous plant communities.:


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Isolated dolomite hill group with dolomite cliffs. Yow (Taxus baccata) stands of european importance comprising about 120.000 stems, the age of some speciments exceeds 600 years. The steep slopes with northern exposures contain special habitats with rare plants of glacial origin.:


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There are great stands of oak and oak-hornbeam woods including patches of oligotrophic and eutrophic humid grasslands, fens and sedge communities, which provide a cool and humid micro-mezoclimate to the site. The area is very rich in rare and threatened species. There is the only occurance of Ophrys fuciflora in Hungary, but the population is in danger.:


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A scotch pine steppic forest at a border of the Bakony Mountains (Transdanubian Medium Range) and the Small Hungarian Plain - developed on loose sand substrate. It is the only stand in Central Europe representing the scotch pine wood in the forest steppe zone of Eastern Europe.:


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Due to the fact that the rock-bed of the territory is partly acidic conglomerate partly dolomite, the vegetation is varied - acidophilous Calluna heath with birch woods on one hand and calciphilous and xerophilous oak woods and steppic grasslands on the other hand respectively.:


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One of the most spectacular volcanic cane in the Tapolca-basin. The basalt bed rock is out in some places and forms base cliffs with columnic structure. The plateau of the hill is covered by scrub growing in the place of a former oak-hornbeam woods. Secondary black pine woods constitute the vegetation of the edges of the plateau. The rock grasslands and forests of the steep slopes are of great interest. Traditional vineyards cover the lower slopes of the hill.:


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This site is characteristic for geology and nativ vegetation of the Balaton Upland. Regional interest xerotherm forests and rocky grasslands occur on the southern slopes on dolomite bedrock, while marsh vegetation can be found along the creek in the Koloska valley.:


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Beautiful, partly culture area of extraordinary setting. Having been deforested, it was an entirely woodless territory 200 years ago. The forests covering it today are secondary, which many of them are inproper plantation. Besides semi-natural habitats, the territory includes reed beds, waterbodies, special geological formations, vineyards and built-up areas having high cultural value.:


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Complex of steppic grasslands, oligotrophic and eutrophic humid grasslands lying on limestone rock bed at the bottom of the Kali-Basin. Very rich in protected species. This is the only natural occurance of the bird's-eye primrose (Primula farinosa) in Hungary.:


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Compound territory - Fekete hill is a basalt plateau with acidic ponds inhabited by peat mosses, which are relic in the region in extreme danger. The complex of Tar hill (limestone, dolomit) and Hegyes-tu (basalt) is covered by thermophilous oak woods, white oak woods and steppic grasslands of great diversity and richness of species.:


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Acidophilous oak-hornbeam forests and oak forests of great extent including old, but originally artificial, rich mesophile grasslands. The humid grasslands and alder woods of the valleys are of great importance too.:


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A volcanic cone of basalt with extraordinary setting. The strictly protected central plateau and rocks are surrounded by vineyards. Rock grasslands are in good natural state, most of the woods are deteriorated to a certain extent, the grasslands of the plateau are usually secondary and are deteriorated to a great extent.:


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Typical dolomite landscape, most of surface is covered by secondary black pine woods. Southern slopes are dry and warm, while on the steep northern rocks, however, glacial relicts could survive (Primula auricula).:


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The area was a shallow bay and wetland of the Lake Balaton, later drenaiged and dried, than rehabilited. The Kis-Balaton reservoir system is assigned to filtering the water of the River Zala before it is flowing into the Balaton. This reservoir can be characterized by shallow (1m depth) water and few vegetation, there are some separated waterbodies, open water tables. This habitat is excellent for waterfowls and for bird migration. it is a nesting site of the Central-Asian Netta rufina.:


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It is a reservoir with shallow water, mainly covered by vegetation, dams were built around and inside the reservoir. The function of this system is to bio-filtrating the incoming water of Zala (a small river) to lower the floating fraction of nutrients flowing to the Lake Balaton. Rich water vegetation and high diversity of livings are exceptional in Central-Europe.:


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The speciality of the site, that it is the largest thermal-water lake in Europe (29 C avg. temperature), in which the conditions are suitable for the living of a relict Schoenoplectus species, an african Nymphae rubra ssp. longiflora (tropical water-lily, which was successfully naturalised here), east-indian N. rubra and tropical - subtropical fishes. Part of the lake is utilised as famuous thermal bath.:


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Interesting landscape with fine mosaic of dry and wet habitats and high diversity. There are extreme habitats on acidophilous sand, temporary fresh waterbodies, swamp woods and sand steppic grasslands.:


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Sensitive natural habitats of European importance, presence of plant species of European importance.:


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The Zákány-žrtilos hills lie at the south-west of Hungary at the river Dráva. The base of the territory is loess which was deposited onto gravel. The climate of the region has strong Submediterranean-Illyrian features.:


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The largest shallow lake in Europe, which can be characterized by open lake, large reed beds and in some places natural litoral zone, with a series of belts of different stages of litoral vegetation. Most of the site is under the effect of man, because the surrounding area of the lake is a holiday resort, with camps and holiday crowds:


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There are mesophile oak-hornbeam forest stands with mosaic of grasslands and swamp woods on acidophilous sand.:


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The largest uninterrupted lowland forest in Carpathian Basin. There are different habitats on acidophilous sand.:


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Gallery forests by the River Drava, which mainly consists of riparian willow formations and mixed oak-elm-ash forests.:


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Permanent ponds, large sedge communities and other humid habitats, which belong to the basin of Lake Balaton.:


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Mainly neutrophilous illyrian collinar beech forests on loess.:


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Mainly mesophile broadleaved forests on sand and sensitive wet habitats of European importance.:


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There are several types of temperate alluvial forests of a great river, which ensure habitats for important mammals and birds, while different waterbodies provides habitats for dense populations of fishes, amphibians, reptiles and lower livings.:


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The Geresdi and Szekszárdi hills lie at the south-west of Hungary. Beside the dominant loess there are some local occurance of granit rockbed. The climate of the region is a mixture of continental and submediterranean features.:


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Lying at the south-west of Hungary, the Mecsek mountains consist of mostly limestone and sandstone, covered by broadleaved forests. The climate of the region is submediterranean, which provide habitats for some species coming from the South.:


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Mountainous area covered by broadleaved forests. The main speciality of the area is the submediterraneae character of the climate and the vegetation. Presence of sensitive natural habitats of European importance, animal species of European importance, high plant species diversity.:


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Typical apperance of the submediterran sessile oak-hornbeam forest. High diversity in habitats and species with special lime formations in the streams.:


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Typical appearance of the sessile-oak forest types. High diversity in natural habitats of European importance, animal species of European importance, high plant species diversity.:


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A characteristic valley of the Keleti Mecsek (Eastern Mecsek) Landscape protection area with relatively great height differences. The rockbed is mostly limestone, the climate is submediterranean.:


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Typical appearance of the submediterranean white oak, and sessile-oak forests. High diversity in habitats and species in consequences of the bedrocks.:


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Presence of sensitiv natural habitats of European importance, specific geological, paleontological values. Presence of rare animal and plant species, species in danger of extintion, presence of endemic species.:


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This site is on a hill with special geology and geomorphology. The bedrock of the hill is pure limestone, the superposed limestone layers are in a slanting direction and makes big steps with shallow grassland, rocky grassland mosaic. The deep hillslope faced to South, which cause an extremely dry and hot microclimate for these habitats, which makes the ecology of the site similar to submediterranean circumtances. In consequences there are occuring a lot of rare submediterranean species. The site has animal species of European importance, sensitive natural habitats of European importance, specific geological values, and species in danger of extinction.:


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Deadarms with rich vegetation (Nymphaea, Nymphoides peltata), bordered with reed beds, willow scrubs and riverine forests. Ideal habitat and breeding place for amphibians, reptiles and water birds.:


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Rare water-bird species, a lot of nesting, feeding and resting sites. One of the important bird-watching, birdbanding site of the Hungarian Association for Birds and Nature Protection. Importance for the reproduction of many amphibian, reptilian species.:


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Presence of rare lowland communities (Lowland beech-, and hornbeam-oak-forests), presence of rare vascular plants, and rare nesting birds, old trees.:


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Wide riverine and swamp forests with a rich vegetation and fauna. There is a lot of breeding birds.:


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Lonely dolomite hill in central zone of Budapest, with endemic plant communities.


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It is a nearly natural riverside forest within the boundary of the capital. It is not disturbed for more than 30 years. There is present some rare Vitis species and hybrids, which formed a special "jungle" landscape with interesting habitats for invertebrates.:


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It is a wetland with a very high degree of biodiversity, in species and communities too. The special hydrogeology and the traditional land use formed a mosaic-komplex of dry grasslands, wet meadows, willow bogs and marshes, ash-alder forest stands, which combines with small parcels agriculture and old style village view.:


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A part of the extensive inland sand dune system in the Danube-Tisza midregion. Characteristic sand vegetation forming successional series of species rich plant communities typical for the Pannonian region.


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There are springs at the foots of sandy table-land of the Kiskunsag, which formed a special wetland - dry grassland complex here. There are a lot of protected species, mainly irises and orchids. The area is characteristic, it is a beautiful landscape, which preserved some signs of the traditional landuse management.:


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Solitary hill with variable geological architecture. Isolated stands of natural communities. Meeting point of montaneous and flatland vegetation.:


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Different mosaics of the Hungarian dolomitic grasslands. (1) open dolomitic grassland, (2) closed dolomitic grassland, (3) slope steppe-meadow. Surrounded by black pine plantations.


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Typical site of Hungarian dolomitic grasslands and steppe meadows.


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A variety of various base rocks can be found in a small hilly area inside the border of the city Budapest. This fact is reflected in the composition of the vegetation. A lot of different type valuable forest communities is developed here.:


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Tropical appearance of the submediterranian white oak forests. High diversity in habitats and species in consequences of the special geomorphology, substrate and microclimatic conditions. There are some caves with bat species.


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A forested hilly landscape forming transition between mountains of the Hungarian Central Range formed by hard base rocks and the Great Hungarian Plain, which is built mainly by loess and sand.:


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A part of a landscape forming transition between the Hungarian Central Range and the Great Hungarian Plain built mainly by loess and sand. The fragments on hill-slopes are the only remnants of the original species-rich loess grasslands of this region.:


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Range area on andezite bedrock, with deep valley and steep slopes forested continuously by beech and oak woods. The landscape is beautiful, there are a lot of frequently visited tourist path and look-out points to the Danue-bend.:


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Siliceous steppic grasslands surrounded by white oak forests and thermophilous oak woods on a hill. Very rich in orchids and other protected species. The abandoned fruit orchards of the territory are valuable as well. There are many locust tree plantations and the gardens are spreading. The latter process has already destroyed considerable territories so far.:


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The territory is the central, relatively high region of the mostly andesit rockbed in the Borzsony Mountains. Its geomorphology is varied, there are remnants of volcanic cones, rocky ridges, steep slopes, deep valleys. Besides dominant beech forest stands, patches of slope forests, ravine forests, rock grasslands and mountain meadows occur. Considerable population of relict Circea alpina, Woodsia ilvensis and Calamagrostis purpurea are of great value.:


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An extraordinary hill of diverse bed rocks (dolomite, limestone, sandstone), lying on a border of two flora county. Several rare and threatened species (both plants and animals) occur here, amongst of them it is important to mention the bats, which are wintering here in a large number in the caves of the hill. At the foot of the hill abandoned fruit orchards and humid grasslands are lying.:


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A mosaic like arranged pattern of various forest types reflecting of the similar structure of the substrate.:


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A lowland landscape typical for the edge of the Great Hungarian Plain built of loess, covered by loess steppic vegetation.:


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Dry secundary sandy grassland and secundary marsh meadows along the Tece stream with willow and alder forest patches scattered by peat mine.:


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Oligotrophic and eutrophic humid grasslands alternating with sand steppes, in variable state. A lot of protected species occur.:


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In the Szentendre Island, surrounded by the River Danube, there are calcareous dunes with steppe vegetation and a lot of endemic species. This steppe-like area is surrounded by flood-plain vegetation.:


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Diverse vegetation on andesite bedrock - oak-hornbeam forests, thermophilous oak woods, steppic grasslands and rock grasslands. The only occurance of the Achillea horanszkyi in the world. This species is in extreme danger, but the state of the territory is satisfactory.:


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Lying far from the touristic spots, Gerecse hills are relatively undisturbed territory of triassic and jurassic limestone. There are nice steppic grasslands and white oak forests. The rest of the woods are natural-like. The territory was managed by the Ministry of Defence and used mainly as a hunting-ground.:


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It is a black pine plantation, into which surprisingly great number of rare ferns immigrated, as the age of the pine woods reached 15 years. The plantation is now 47 years old and it is decaying slowly. Besides ferns and mosses mostly generalist and ruderal plants occur.:


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Oligotrophic humid grasslands with patches of steppic grasslands surrounded by large artificial grasslands which is cultivated intensively. A bit farther large areas disturbed by industry and mining are lying. Small population of the bustard (Otis tarda) is of great importance.:


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Lower midrange mountain (<500m), with dolomite and 'dachstein' limestone bedrock. Covered by large continuous forest stands, there are beech woods in the inner part and submediterranean xerotherm oak woods on the South-East slopes and ridges.:


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Haraszt Hill lies at the south-eastern part of Vertes Hills in a relative rain shadow. Submediterranean climate is strengthened by the rendzina soils of the southern dolomite slopes, which are covered by the most intact and diverse remnant of Submediterranean vegetation in Hungary. This is the only occurance of the supposed pre-glacial relict, Carpinus orientalis in Hungary. There are species reaching the northern edge of their distribution here such as Artemisia alba ssp. saxatile, Aethionema saxatile, Convolvulus cantabricus, Stipa eriocaulis.:


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This old forest lives at the ecological edge of the beech forest due to the favourable water-supply conditions, at an altitude of 3-400 m, on brown-earth soil lying on sand. Together with other beech forests in Vertes Hills, it was the first object of the numeric phytosociological investigations in Hungary.:


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It is a gorge with calm and humid microclimate in dolomite rock. Due to the features of dolomite (continuous erosion of the dolomite surface) some closed rock grasslands could survive for a long time and forests couldn't grow up. This made the site to a good refuge for a lot of species. At the border of the grasslands and the surrounding manna ash-beech forests sub-alpine plants as Primula auricula ssp. hungarica, Moehringia muscosa, Carduus glaucinus, Calamagrostis varia, Polygala amara, Phyteuma orbiculare could survive at an altitude of 300 m a.s.l..:


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The Csoka Hill is the most structured part of the Vertes Hills, which is consists of jurassic limestone and including steep dolomite slopes and narrow valleys with special microclimate, covered by ash-sycamore ravine forests and lime-ash slope forests, and manna ash-beech forests on the calm northern slopes.:


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It is a mosaic of common reed bed, open water and surrounding halophitic swards and wet and dry grasslands and mires. There are rare plant species and various nesting and migratory waterfowl fauna.:


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Continuous floating reedbed, surrounded by pastures and Lake Velence.


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The best bit of the continental loess grassland in Hungary.:


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There are ancient granit surface covered by Pleistocene loess. The central part is covered by extended oak forest while the edges are occupied by villages and agricultural landscapes.:


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It is a wetland area at the border of the hills and the Hungarian Plain, there can be followed (partly as a consequence of human influence, the different stages of succession of oligotrophic wetland habitats including grey willow swamp woods and humid grasslands. The site is an important refuge for threatened birds and plants.:


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It is a natural wetland, which regularly flooded by a small river, Ipoly, with mortlakes, reed beds, marshes, meadows and bog-forest stands:


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Hilly area, mostly covered by decidouos forests. Small villages are characteristic in the landscape and preserve the old traditions in landuse, traditional architect of houses and folk arts.:


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The protection of the territory was originally motivated by poleontological (both, poleobotanical and poleozoological) values. Due to the protection, however, a lot of species immigrated. 100 years ago the territory was a treeless pasture in poor condition.:


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It is a mountainous region with the most diverse habitats in North-Hungary showing montane and submontane character. There are relatively high plateau (700-950 m a.s.l.) and surrounding lower parts (300-700 m a.s.l.). The bedrock is Triassic limestone with an underground cave-world and scenic rocks, and Palaeozoic metamorphic limestone, dolomite, sandstone and some volcanic rock respectively. Annual mean temperature is 7-8 °C, but 5.5 °C on the plateau. Annual mean precipitation is 700-800 mm, and the average snow covered days are 110. Soils are usually brown-earth and rendzina soils. Dominant vegetation types - steppe oak woods (up to 450 m), oak-hornbeam forests (up to 600 m), at higher altitude montane beech forests, azonal rock beech forests ravine forests, slope forests, mountain meadows and limestone rock grasslands. At lower altitudes there are thermophilous submediterranean oakwoods and steppic grasslands. Most of the rare and valuable species are post-glacial or glacial, relict or endemic species.:


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It is a karstic limestone tableland sloping slightly to the north with several summits above 900 m, and dolina (sink-holes) with extraordinary cold microclimate. There are montane beech forests, slope forests, ravine forests and mountain meadows (clearings) and planted, but natural-like spruce forests. There are some famous old stands, like the 200 years old "virgin" beech forest at Tarko, the old spruce forest at Javorkut. There are numerous relic, endemic and rare species on the mountain meadows and at the edge of the plateau.:


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Once it was a 1200 m long picturesque limestone ridge (up to 800 m) at the western edge of the Bukk plateau with partly forested northern slopes and forestless southern slopes and rocky ridges. Most of the hill, however, was annihilated by a limestone mine and now only one cliff remained. On the northern slopes limestone rock grasslands, rock forests, on the southern slopes open limestone rock grasslands, steppic grasslands, rock bush communities and rock forests occured, most of which were destroyed and only remnants survived. Most species of the rich flora suvived (some population were transplanted into the remnant part) but in small, threatened populations. There are a lot of relict plants on the northern and southern slopes. One of them, Ferula sadleriana has a great importance because of its relatives occurs in the East-Mediterranean and Central-Asia.:


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A landscape characteristic for the whole Bükk Mountains, a member of the Hungarian Central Range with its continentally influenced forest habitats.:


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It is a special site with unique habitats and vegetation at the western edge of the Bukk Mountains built on the rare base rock gabbro. The rocks forms a narrow gorge like valley.:


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The site is at the southern edge of the Bukk Mountains in the oak region with dolomite substrate. It is the only stand of a Sesleria-rich oakwood. This community is a document for the rare contact of the subalpine Sesleria swards and the submediterranean oak woods.:


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Mountainous area mainly covered by broadleaved forest stands (oakwoods, hornbeam-oakwoods and beechwoods and some special vegetation types) in large continuity. The habitat and species diveristy is high, the landscape is characteristic.:


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Large continuous (unbroken) roadleaf wood vegetation on calcareous sandstone with rich vertebrate and invertebrate fauna and high habitat diversity:


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It is a hill which deep slopes was cultivated by small parcels of vineyards in a traditional way before fifties, than it was abandoned. During the last decades, the abandoned fields turned into steppic grasslands on loess with high species diversity and high nature interest. There are occuring Ponto-Pannonic and submediterranean plants and characteristic vegetation types.:


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It is the richest, most intact remnant of the loess oak woods in Hungary. The most valuable plants occur in the clearings.:


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The site is a triassic karstland with many karst formations. There are big caves and pot-holes with underground karstwater. Submediterranean and pannonic vegetation occure on the southern slopes and there are special doline communities some parts of the area with in special microclimate and juniper dams. Tertiery relict soils, endemic species and varieties including endemic troglodytic species were described here. There are small villages and minimal agricultural within the site.:


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There are active and temporary active caves in Triassic limestone. The Baradla cave is well known for a thousand years. The Beke cave was discovered in 1952. It is a prehistorical site with fossils. There are numerous endemic invertebrates and special microbial ecosystems. But wintering and living places.:


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It is a limestone hillside with characteristic Pannonic habitat types, mainly xerotherm steppe oak woods. There are rare, threatened and endemic plant species, and interesting invertebrates.:


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It is a limestone insular hill with numerous caves and caverns, which is rich in special and rare minerals and unique palaeontological fossils. The southern hillside is covered by rich pannonic grasslands and there are characteristic and rare habitats with rare and threatened endemic species and variations.:


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Typical floodplain area with pre-river control ox-bow lakes (mort lakes) with marshy vegetation. The vegetation is diverse from dry shortgrass steppes to marshes and wet meadows.


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It is a forested mountainous territory of vulcanic cones and ridges with a relatively great altitudal differences, and clear springs and streams. The influence of the nearby Carpathians can be observed on both the vegetation and climate. The bedrock is chiefly andesite and riolite, with acidic, semipodzolic brown-earth soils. Mesophilous beech, oak-hornbeam and oak forest predominate in the vegetation. In addition to these mesophilous meadows, riparian forests, rock grasslands, low oak woods and mires, relic Sphagnum bogs are frequent too. In the southern and western part of the territory thermophilous oak forests and steppic grasslands occur.:


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It is a mountainous region, where broadleaved forests, oligotrophic mountain meadows and rock grasslands constitute the vegetation. It is one of the main parts of montane beech forest in Hungary with the characteristic species of Dentaria glandulosa. On the southern slopes up to 700 m a.s.l. acidophilous oak woods occur. The rocks are covered by siliceous rock grasslands and bush communities of Spiraea media. On the montane grasslands rare montane species grow while at the bottom of the valleys humid tall herb communities occur. The area provide large enough appropriate habitats and pray populations for larger predators and captures. The territory is the most humid and calmest region in North-Hungary.:


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Füzér hill is a cone-shaped rock lying in the centre of a volcanic caldera, with a ruin on its top. Lava bedrock and base ridges constitutes its surroundings. On the rocks of the central hill open and semiclosed siliceous rock grasslands occur, in which endemic and relic species can be found.:


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Central part of the Zemplén Landscape Protection Area at a relatively high altitude including Bohó-meadows, Tokár-plateau, Dorgó-forest, the beech forests of Sertés-hill (gene-reserve) and the rocks of Hosszú-kô. On the plateaus rich meadows originated from artificial clearings centuries ago, and surrounding montane beech forest can be found containing montane species. The diverse meadows are maintained by regular scything carried out as a conservational activity. Valuable species of the meadows descended from the Carpathians are as follows: Achillea ptarmica, Aconitum variegatum ssp. gracile, Botrychium multifidum, Coeloglossum viride, Dactylorhiza majalis, Gentianella austriaca, Gladiolus imbricatus, Orchis pallens, Traunsteinera globosa; all of them are protected. The forests are rich in montane species as well: Dentaria glandulosa, Listera ovata, Prenanthes purpurea, Pyrola species, Senecio fuchsii, Vaccinium vitis-idaea.:


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It is a forested montainous region, where the surroundings of the village Kishuta-Nagyhuta and the Komloska-valley as well as the territory between Istvankut and Susulyka-teto are connected by the stream Kemence. The main substrate of the region is riolit. The territory consists of various habitats - the stream of Komloska-valley, Vajda-valley and Ordog-valley are accompanied with alder woods and humid tall herb fringes with the occurance of a rare fern, Matteuccia struthiopteris. Valley-meadows are valuable too, including patches of transition mires and Sphagnum willow scrub with Salix eleagnos and Salix aurita. In early spring Dentaria glandulosa and Anemone nemorosa are abundant in the valleys. There are oak, beech and birch forest stands in a large extent, appropriate for rare mammals and capture bird species. Komloska-valley is one of the most beautiful valleys in Hungary and maintains extended mires and a considerable population of Triturus alpestris.:


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There are Sphagnum bogs lying at low altitude (250 m a.s.l.) at Kelemer surrounded by oak and oak-hornbeam forests, which is unique in this region. Landslides created the basins of the bogs in clay substrate. Within the marsh zone, fragments of post-glacial relic communities of raised bogs and transition mires containing relict species.:


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It is a relatively dry and warm volcanic cone with valuable steppe woods surrounded by traditional and intensive vineyards. In the place of the original oak woods pine and locust trees were planted. In the regrown stands of the original forests, the lime became dominant. There are steppic grasslands, white oak woods, thermophilous oak woods and abandoned vineyards.:


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Hill slopes and valley at the foot of Bukk Mountains, close to the Hungarian Great Plain. This transition zone was vegetated by pannonic wooded steppe, which remained only in small fragments with some occurance of characteristic plants. The area is a xero-mesophilous grassland now, where slight to intenzive grazing occure.:


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Largest continuous saline grassland in Europe, which was the flooded plain of Tisza before river control. The floods, coming from two directions filled the marshes regularly and the water remained in the area because of the week drainage, and evaporated. The micro-morphology of the surface in consequences of fine-erosion of the topsoil is characteristic. The area is poor in trees from thousands years.:


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The largest plain-pond in the Carpathiens, one of the most important nesting and migrating area of water-fowls. The ponds are surrounded by ancient swards (puszta's) on each side.:


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The most saline puszta of the Hortobágy, at the same time the most treeless one. Especially characteristic here the varying soil types and eroded micromorphology of the soil surface. The eastern part of the site is the largest continuous marsh, which is regularly flooded since more then 30 years. Especially rich in water-birds and steppic species.:


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One of the very few localities, that preserve the saline wooded-steppe in its full developement.


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Vaste, continuous plain 'puszta' with varying mosaic of different grassland types (from loess grasslands to glasswort swards), alkali steppes, smaller salt marshes, smaller arable fields and few tree-groups.:


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Large saline 'puszta' on solonets soils, covered by grasslands, marshy meadows, few arable fields, the site is almost treeless. Very important breeding place for birds, and for migrating species.:


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Shallow water reservoir in the former vast flood-plain of the River Tisza. The reservoir was filled up in 1978, from that time it transformed into near natural marshland, with submersed and flooting vegetation. Ranging over the site is extremely difficult.:


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Open 'puszta' between the largest fish-ponds and the uncontrolled part of River Hortobágy. Here the water table is in the most deep, the soil are not so saline. There are large loess grasslands slightly degradeted by intensive grazing. This part is one of the most peaceful part of Hortobágy, almost undisturbed.:


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Series of sandy hills and deflations amongst them, with grasslands, meadows and moors. There are some arable fields and black locust forest stands surrounding the site.:


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The largest continuous grassland of the Nyírség region, maintaining the largest population of mole-rat and pulsatilla species described in Hungary. The original surface (sand hills) is partly transformed due to the military activity.:


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The site is one of the largest range land of low-level sand-hills of Nyirseg, which was really undisturbed in the recent time. The sandy soil contains loess fraction in a larger extent.:


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The site occupies the narrow slopes of a loess-plateau near to Bihar Plain and below the controlled Er river, which can be characterized by range lands and moorlands along the small river.:


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This reach of the river Tisza accompanied with gallery forests and traditional fruit gardens meanders in a bed of grave, settled at the foot of the mountains. The river is building shallows and destroying the riverside here.:


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Storage-lake, taking the place of a former natural lake. It was planned to regenerate for watering and recreational purposes. Now floating-bogs are partly regenerated as small islands.:


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Typical sandy surface with parabola-like dunes, fragments of original sandy forest-steppe vegetation and different types of sandy grasslands, rich in species, classical site for pannonian endemisms, the last remained site of Pulsatilla-rich sand steppe communities. There are Robinia forests in the surroundings and intensive agriculture.:


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A typical remnant site of the Hungarian wet meadows. Habitat of many glacial relict species.


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Babtava and Nyiresto bogs lying at the North-East of the Hungarian Plain, in pleistocene river-beds surrounded by agricultural lands. Within the swamp wood fragments of post-glacial relict raised bog there are transition mire communities with the dominance of the acidophilous peat mosses. It is the southermost occurance of such communities in the Plain plan, in Europe. There are unique boreal relicts, Vaccinium oxycoccos and Hammarbya paludosa and swamp relict, Urtica kioviensis. There are similar bogs with similar communities and species nearby - Zsidto, Navat-patak, Bence-to. All of them contain several peat mosses and other rare mosses.:


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There are remnants of forests on the late flood plain, most of which is floodless due to the regulation of rivers, on the north-eastern edge of the Hungarian plain, close to the mountains - Deda-wood, Bockerek-wood, Lonyai-wood, Bagiszegi-wood. The vegetation is composed of willow forests, mixed oak-elm-ash forests, swamp woods, oak-hornbeam woods and inserted oligotrophic humid grasslands and meadows. All of them contain rare montane plant and animal species.:


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Pannonic sand steppe oakwood stands on the top, swamp ash-alder oakwoods and moors in the hollows composed a nice mosaic on sandy brown forest soil.:


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It is a remnant of the late sand oak woods on binded sand dunes. There are stands of oak-hornbeam forests and sand steppe oak woods. Large, old individuals of oaks (250-300 ys, 20-30 m height) mixing with Tilia argentea, which is distributed in the Balkans otherwise. The herb layer consist mainly of montane species and there is an occurance of the endemic Melampyrum nemorosum subsp. debreceniense.:


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Flood-plain fo the river Tisza and the neighbouring territories out of the dam. There are ox-bow lakes and artificial pits (kubik godor) alternate with arable lands, poplar plantations and oak-alm-ash forest stands. Over the dyke arable lands, fruit orchards and pastures are lying.:


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Large alkaline grassland (puszta) with temporal wetlands. Formerly the area was flooded by the river Danube, presently only spring inland waters are there. The puszta provide special habitats for some rare birds and insect species.:


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Semi-typical representative of lowland sand oak woods. The only occurence of Botrychium virginianum in Hungary.:


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Typical flood plain region of the Tisza river with wide flood plain, old oxbow-lakes, riverine and fen woods. In the XIXth century the river was controlled but large areas of marshes survived till present.:


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The second largest alkaline puszta (after Hortobágy) in Hungary. Formarly flooded by the river Danube, presently only with spring inland waters. Dry alkaline grasslands with rare birds and insect species.:


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Series of pannon endemic habitats and vegetation types on calcareous sand dunes. The vegetation is dominated by junipers, poplars and open sandy grasslands. There can be found a lot of endemic species, plants and invertebrates too.:


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Protected area of unique inland sand dunes with endemic species and 5 saline lakes in the depressions. The sand dunes move several month in every years. The area is changing very quickly as a consequences of a long drought period. Land use changes (abandonment from farming and grazing) create opportunity for regeneration.


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One of the largest marsh of the Hungarian Great Plain. No open water surface. The lake was drained in the 50's, but was restored later. The marsh is surrounded by sedge meadows, wet meadows, fen and gallery forests, as well as sand and alkaline grasslands.:


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The largest alkaline lake system of the Hungarian Great Plain. The lakes usually dry out in summer. Between the lakes alkaline wet meadows can be found. Important place for birds (migration, nesting, feeding).:


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Nice riverside (Tisza) floodplain with riparian forest stands, wet meadows and back water. The area is important for many nesting and migrating bird species.:


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Extensive alakline short grass steppe with wet meadows and scattered alkaline marhes in the depressions and loess steppes at higher elevation. Small fragments of ancient loess steppes are habitats of rare, endangered species. Spring floodings creates habitats for vast flocks fo migrating birds.


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It is a representative of once widespread seminatural wet meadows on calcareous sand soil. The whole zonation from dry sand grassland to reed marsh can be observed here.:


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There are great areas of semi-natural saline lakes, abandoned river-beds, river-banks and fragments of the original steppe woods surrounded by agricultural land. The avifauna is of great importance.:


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Previously a regularly flooded area, now spring inland waters are common. More or less alkaline soils. Typical Hungarian steppe landscape. Important migration and nesting site for birds. The largest great bustard population in Hungary.:


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One of the last examples of native saline lakes in the eastern part of the Great Hungarian Plain. Migratory site of outstanding importance for cranes and geese.


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The most extensive and important wetland from Europe, wellknown for its great diversity of plants, animals and habitats; situated at the mouths of the Danube and at the western side of the Black Sea, is permanently influenced by the Danube hydrological regime and the processes of growing due to the alluvions discharged by the Danube in the sea; in the same time, important processes of erosion are develloping to the sea side, destroying some terrestrial areas; numerous freshwater bodies interconnected by narrow channels, with huge expanses of reedbeds most of which on floating masses of decaying vegetation; higher grounds supports stands of trees; the Razim-Sinoie complex to the south consist of several large brackish lagoons separated from the sea by a sandbar; high ecological, botanical, zoological and geomorphological interest


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Part of the Rodna Mountains (in north of Romania) including many kinds of habitats, from beech forests to alpine grasslands and screes and cliffs at the alpine level of mountains


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Humid valley of a rivulet (hard water springs) in northern romanian Carpathians


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Oligotrophic lawn in montane level in Romanian northern Carpathians


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Dwarf pine scrub and alpine grassland in northern of Romania


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Dispersed, mixed, acidophile forest dominated by Castanea sativa in north-western of Romania


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The site includes a portion of about 40 km from valley of the northern river Viºeu and its affluents Vaser and Ruscova


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Natural meadows in a hilly region, in the north of Romania


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Meadows in the hilly area in the north of Romania


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Spruce forest and alpine grassland in thw north of Eastern Carpathians


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Picea abies wood rich in Sphagnum and other wettness indicators, on lawn, in north of Romanian Carpathians


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Beech, spruce and mixed forests as well as alpine grassland and saxicolous vegetation, in north-eastern of Romanian Carpathians


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Screes and rocks around which there are subalpine-alpine grasslands, in north of Eastern Carpathians


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Area including many lawns, in North of Romanian Carpathians


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Natural fir and spruce forests with some cliffs and fens, in northern of Romania


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Eriophorum-Sphagnum lawn with some trees especially around the lawn


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Neutrophile, acidocline forest of oak-hornbeam in humid depressions of a river in north-eastern part of romanian Moldavia


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Montane and subalpine meadows, beech and coniferous forests, with cliffs, including a small area with Andryala


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Pine forest including an area of cliffs as well as some small caves and a sulphureous spring, in north of Romanian Carpathians


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Spruce forest and alpine heaths as well as alpine meadows


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Large montane-subalpine area including different kinds of habitats in north of Romania


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Large area including many types of habitats, in the north of Romanian Carpathians


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Temporary waterbody and vegetation as well as continental dunes in the north-western plain of Romania


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Mainly oak forests in the north-western of Romania


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Sand dunes in the north-western plain of Romania


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Small lake and rivulet formed by underground thermal springs


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Area including hygrophile-neutrophile beech forests and submesophile-neutrophile oak forests in the valley Criºul Repede river and on the steep slopes in western romanian precarpathian hills


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Spruce forest with Hieracium rotundifolium and cliffs in Apuseni Mountains


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Beech and spruce forests in Apuseni Mountains; includes one of the most beautifull waterfall (80 m) in Romania


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Beech forest and mezo-eutrofic formations of Salix cinerea colonizing the borders of a fen


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Fish ponds with barren or reed-fringe shores, with Quercus and Ulmus woodland; surrounded by grazing pasture and agricultural land, in western of Romania


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Large area in western Romania (Apuseni Mountains), including very many kind of habitats ranged from submontane to alpine belt


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Riparian forest and small lakes with aquatic and emerse flora


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Crops in the plain of western of Romania


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Higrophile, neutrophile mixed forest in a humid narrow valley and on the steep slopes of a calcareous mountain


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Xeromesophile, weakly acidophile-neutrophile oak forest on the western part of southern pre-Carpathic piemonts


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Mesophile oak fores with mesohygrophile harb layer in the north-western of Romania


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Site characterised as a natural unit of aquatic vegetation, rare in region


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Associations of Vaccinium with Calluna vulgaris at unusual low level


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Large area in collinar-submontane level, in north-western of Romania


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Beech and mixed (beech and spruce) forests on the slopes of a valley in the northern of Transilvania


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Rocky area in subalpine-alpine level and alpine grassland, in the norther part of Transilvania


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Large area including many types of habitats, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the north-western part of Romania


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Forests of beech and mixed forests (beech ad spruce) as well as alpine grasslands, cliffs and rocky areas


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Large area including many types of habitats, in montane to subalpine belt, formed especially from beech forests and coniferous forests, in the north-westwrn part of Romania


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Small hilly area with stepic vegetation in the north-westen part of transsilvanian plateau, in Romania


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Dry meadows in a hilly area in the north-western of transilvanian plateau in Romania


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Gorges on a rivulet, having numerous caves and cliffs at a relative low altitude, in north-western part of Transsilvania


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A series of small lakes along a river in the north-western pert of Transsilvania


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Beech forests with clearings harbouring a nemoral flora, in the central part of transsilvanian plateau


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Large area including many types of habitats, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows in the north-eastern part of Romania


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Large area including many types of habitats, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the north-eastern of Romania


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Xeromesophile, neutrophile oak forest on low hills as well as a small lake, in north-western part of Transilvania


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Large area of different kinds of habitat, mainly forests in the montane zone from western Transilvania (Apuseni Mountains)


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Area of heaths at montane level, in the belt of broad-leaves forests in the north-western Transilvania (Apuseni Mountains)


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Pannonic steppe vegetation in the northern part of Transsilvanian plateau


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Natural post-glacial (atlantic subboreal) representing the last lacustrine formation from the eastern part of Transsilvanian plain


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Large area including many types of broad leaves and coniferous forests, in the middle part of eastern Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitats, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the eastern part of Transsilvania


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Spruce and mixed (spruce and beech) forest in a landscape looking as a volcanic crater in which lies a deep freshwater lake


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Lake in the middle part of eastern Carpathians, covered with a carpet (1-2 m thickness) of Sphagnum spp.


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Rich fen limited by shrubs of Salix, in the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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Area traversed by mineral water springs, arrounded by humid grassland, in the central part of eastern Carpathians


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Swamp in a walley on the western slope of eastern Carpathians


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Eutrophic swamp with cool mineral water springs in central part of eastern Carpathians


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Natural dam lake formed in 1836 by natural barrage of a rivulet on the eastern solpe of eastern Carpathians (middle part)


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Zone of gorges, placed at the upper level of beech forests in the north-eastern of Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitats, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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The most famous gorges in Romania, along the river Bicaz in the middle part of eastern Carpathians (oriental slope)


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Mixed forests of conifers and cliffs with saxixolous vegetation, in the western part of romanian Carpathians


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Dry grassland and cliffs in the western part of transsilvanian plateau


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Humid meadows at montane level in western part of Transsilvania


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Subalpine-alpine lake in Surean Mountains (western part of southern Carpathians), arounded by spruce forest


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Montane area with grasslands and beech forest including cliffs and screes, in the eastern part of transsilvanian Carpathians


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Calcareous gorges with good climatic conditions for to harbour many rare and endemic plant species


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Lake formed by natural barrage, limited of eutrophic swamps, in a hilly region of western part of Romania


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Calcareous hill with screes and cliffs, covered by grasslands and sparse shrub vegetation, in the western part of Transsilvania


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Valley area with cliffs; saxicole and fontinale-reophile vegetation arounded by shrubs of dwarf-pine, in Apuseni Mountains, in Transsilvania


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Calcareous mountain of middle level covered by saxicole vegetation, in the south of Apuseni Mountains In Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitat, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle southern part of Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitats, mainly broad leaves and coniferous forests, in montane to alpine level, as well as alpine shrubs and meadows, in southern Carpathians


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Oak forests at the submontane level in the south-western part of Transilvania


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Hill very near of a large town, in enough natural condition, covered of broad-leaved forest and shrubs, in the (middle) western part of transsilvanian plateau


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The largest colony of Pipistrellus pipistrellus in Romania


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Mesotrophic swamp formed by natural silting of a lake in south-western part of Transsilvania


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Intrazonale beech forest at montane level, in south western part of Transsilvania


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Calcareous screes and cliffs with mesophile vegetation, at alpine level in south-western part of Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitat, from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the south-eastern part of Transsilvania


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the western part of southern Carpathians


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Subalpine and alpine meadows; vegetated cliffs and screes in the high mountaind in the south-western part of Carpathians in Transilvania


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Mesophile, neutrophile to weakly acidophile beech-spruce forest in subalpine mountain of southern Romania


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Grassland in the alpine level of the Retezat Mountains - Southern Carpathians


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Spruce forests mixed (spruce and beech) forests and dwarf pine scrubs, with subalpine and alpine cliffs, in southern Carpathians


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Extensive alpine meadows, areas of rocks and stones and Pinus mugo woodland; Picea fores below 1900 m; located on the northern slope of Southern Carpathians, in Transilvania


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Beech, spruce and mixed forests and large screes and cliffs, on the northern slopes of middle part of Southern Carpathians ("Transsilvanian Alps")


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Hilly area with stepic vegetation in the southern part of central transsilvanian plateau


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Large area including many types of habitat from beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, on the northern slopes of the middle part of southern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the central part of southern Carpathians


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Humid grassland in the south-eastern Carpathians dominated by Scirpus sylvaticus


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Plant communities on wind-swept summits and steep slopes of alpine level in southern Carpathians


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Cliffs and screes as well as alpine and subalpine grasslands in the eastern part of Southern Carpathians


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Oak forest with large clearings in which Narcissus stellaris forms associations, in a hilly area in south-eastern part of Transsilvania; very famous in Romania


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Alpine and subalpine cliffs alterning with small grasslands, in Bugegi Mountains, at the bent of south-eastern Carpathians


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Forested hill and a swamp with springs in the south-eastern part of Transsilvania


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Broad-leaved forest with cliffs and large stones in the south-eastern part of Trassilvania


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Wet area and oak-hornbeam in the intracarpathian depressions, near Braºov inthe south-eastern of Transsilvania


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Wettland in a bend of river Olt, in an intracarpathian depression in the south-eastern corner of Transilvania


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Forested area in an low mountain - hilly zone, in the middle of Romania, including differents types of forests (especially beech forests) and riparian forests


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Alpine and subalpine meadows, screes and cliffs, surrounded of subalpine shrubs and forests of conifers in the south-eastern bend of romanian Carpathians


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Beech, conifers and mixed forests with many cliffs, in the south-eastern part of Transsilvania


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Large area on the inner slope of the Carpathians bent in Romania


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Large area including different types of forest, till the upper limit of the forest, in an intracarpathian depression at the eastern part of the southern Carpathians


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Xeromesophile-mesophile-mesohygrophile, weakly acidophile to acidophile beech forests and sessile oak forests, in a hill and low mountain in central Romania


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Xerophile, neutrophile Quercus virgiliana woods distributed insular on the steep slopes in the intracarpathian hills region


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Mesophile, neutrophile beech-fir forest on rich soil, at montane-subalpine level in south-eastern Carpathians


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Fishponds, oak-hornbeam forest (including a small area of cliffs) and reed beds in an intracarpathian depression in the middle of Romania


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Continental dunes alterning with eutrophic swamps in intracarpathic depressions of south-eaastern corner of Transsilvania


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Swamp meadows and wood with Alnus glutinosa on a peat bog in an intracarpathian depression in Eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the (transsilvanian) southern part of eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the southern part of eastern Carpathians


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Ponto-sarmatic steppe on the plain along Prut river, in the north of romanian Moldavia


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Bog in extreme north-eastern part of Romania, in collinar zone


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Ponto-sarmatic steppe on the right side of Prut river, in the north of romanian Moldavia


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Century old broad leaved forest (mainly beech forest but alse oak forest) in the colinar-submontane, northern part of romanian Moldavia


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Dacian beech forest in the hilly area from the northern of romanian Moldavia


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Characteristic for the silvosteppe from the plain of northern Moldavia, in Romania


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Century old stepic grassland in theeastern part of Romania (Moldavian plateau)


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Continentale xeromesophile wood on grey soils, in the wooded steppe in north-eastern of Romania


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Large area including many types of habitat at the oak forest belt, in the north-eastern part of the country


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Large area representing the most important mountain ("Ceahlãu Mountain") from Eastern Carpathians; many types of habitats between which (in the part named "Poliþa cu crini" - 370 ha) there are pure forests of larch or forests of larch mixed with spruce


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Broad leaved and coniferous forests in the submontane and montane level of the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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Cliff vegetation, Juniperus sabina scrubs and grassy rock debris communities in Eastern Carpathians


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Freshwater dam lake surrounded by Fagus and Picea forests in the eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the subalpine shrubs and meadows in the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, on the eastern slopes in the middle part of eastern Carpathians


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Thermophile oak woods in the central part of hilly area of romanian Moldavia


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the central part of eastern Carpathians


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Mixed forest (beech and conifers) in montane-submontane zone, in Eastern Carpathians


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Century old beech forest and carpathian spruce forest in the southern part of Eastern Carpathians


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Beech forest in the montane-submontane level of eastern Carpathians


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Zone with dwarf pine scrub and montane-subalpine meadows, in the northern part of eastern Romania


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The most important oligotrophic bog from the moldavian mountains in eastern Romania


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Broad leaves forests, cliffs and screes in the montane beech zone spruce forests, in the montane belt of Eastern Carpathians


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Formations of continental steppe in the hilly area of eastern slopes of Eastern Carpathians


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Stepic vegetation in a hilly area in on the eastern slopes of Eastern Carpathians


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Steppic vegetation on the eastern slopes of Eastern Carpathians


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Silvosteppic, xerophile forest in the hilly area on eastern slope of Eastern Carpathians


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Thermophile oak forests in colinar level of eastern Romania


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Thermophilous, mixed oak forest in the plain zone of the southern part of romanian Moldavia


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Wett, mixed forest of Quercus species, in the plain-hilly area of central romanian Moldavia


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Large area including broad leaved forests in the hilly zone of eastern part of Romania


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The site represents one of the northest steppic area in Romania, interrupted by crops


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Continental dunes with arenicolous vegetation, in the southern part of romanian Moldavia


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Silvosteppic, xerophile oak forests in colinar-subcolinar zone of eastern Romania


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Xerophile forest with typic herb layer for silvosteppe forest, in the southern of romanian Moldavia


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Rest from a large swampy area in sout-western of Romania


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Agricultural plain in the south-western of Romania


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Calcareous massif with abrupt cliffs and scree vegetation, covered by forest of Pinus banatica (= P.nigra ssp.banatica)


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Mesophile, neutrophile low mountain beech forest with Corylus colurna, in the south-western part of Carpathians


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Beech forests in the hilly south-western part of Romania


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Mesophile, neutrophile- weakly acidophile beech forest in the south-western of Romania, in low mountains and environing hills


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Meadow installed after a forest of birch with Molinia caerulea


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Mesophile, weakly acidophile sessile oak forests with Acer campestre and Sorbus torminalis on the south-western hills and low mountains in Romania


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Cave in south-western part of Southern Carpathians in Romania


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Cave in the south-wetern part of Southern Carpathians in Romania


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Large area including many types of habitats, in the montane and submontane level in the south-western part of Romania


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the subalpine shrubs and neadows, in the south-western part of Romania


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Mesophile, neutrophile oak forest with Quercus cerris, on the low mountain in the Danube Iron Gates


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Mesophile, neutrophile and acidophile beech forest in south-west of romanian Carpathians


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Beech forests with rocks and screes, in montane zone of southern Carpathians


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Mesophile acidophile beech forests distributed especially in south-western of Romanian Carpathians


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Very narrow gorges of a river in south-western of Romanian Carpathians, having on both sides xeromesophile, neutrophile beech forest


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Cave in the western part of Southern Carpathians in Romania


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Xerophile and xeromesophile, weakly acidophile oak forest in the southern pre-Carpathian piemont


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle part of southern Carpathians


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(Mixed) forests of beech and spruce, in southern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the oak forests and beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle part of the southern Carpathians


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Subalpine-montane spruce forests and mesophile, acidophile beech forests in southern Carpathians


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Subalpine, acid fen, relict (boreal) in the belt of Pinus mugo, in Lotru Mountains (central Southern Carpathians)


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Grassland on the hilly left shore of Danube, in the Iron Gates region (south-west of Romania)


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The most expressive forest of banatic pine mixed with beech, in thesouth-western part of Romania


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Natural, century old forest of Quercus pubescens - Fraxinus ornus - Corylus colurna in the south-western part of Romania


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Transcarpatic gorges zone of the Danube including cliffs and a plateau zone covered by termophile beech forests; a limited portion of the dam-lake Iron Gates, between Romania and Serbia


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Dunes between which there are swamps, in the south-western plain of Romania


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Riverine and swamp wood (galleries) in the flood plain of southern of Romania


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Xeromesophile, acidophile oak forest in the south-western of Muntenia (Romania)


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Short portion of a river, in montane-submontane zone, between the barrage of a dam-lake and a villige, on southern slopes of Southern Carpathians in Romania


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Large area including many types of habitats, in montane-subalpine level, from the beech forests belt to the subalpine shrubs and meadows, in the middle part of southern Carpathians (southern slope)


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the central part of the southern Carpathians


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Wett meadows and saxicole vegetation on the southern slope of Southern Carpathians


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Calcareous gorges and screes in montane-subalpine level of eastern part of southern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitats, mainly broad leaves forests, in the plain at the south of the middle part of southern Carpathians


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Large area covered in the most part by broad-leaved forests, in the central-southern part of hilly belt of Southern Carpathians


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Snow-patch and other communities in alpine and subalpine level in Bucegi Mountains (South-eastern Carpathians)


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Mixed broad-leaved forest including areas with gorges and cliffs, on southern slopes of (eastern part of) southern Carpathians


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Mesophile, neutrophile-acidophile fir forest in the (mixed) beech forest belt in Bucegi Mountains


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Alpine and subalpine formations of high summits, submitted to extreme winds, in Bugegi Mountains


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Hygrophile communities of calcareous springs in alpine and subalpine level


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Halophile meadows arounded by thermophile oak forests; extremly interesting for the mud-volcans located in this site


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Ash forest with clearings in the southern plain of Romania


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech forest belt to the alpine shrubs and meadows, at the bent of south-eastern Carpathians


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Large area including many types of habitat from the beech and birch woods on calcareous gritstone to the alpine shrubs and meadows, in the bent of south-eastern Carpathians


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A group of islands in the middle of the Danube in its inferior part


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Schrub communities with Tamarix smyrnensis on weak saline sands of the steppe strems in western pontic region


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Oak-hornbeam forest in the southern plain of Romania, not far of the Danube, as well as areas with sandy soils


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Oak-lime forest with Ruscus aculeatus, small swamps and temporary waters, on the plain in the north of (middle) romanian Danube


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Continental salted soils with characteristic vegetation, in the southern plain, not far of the Danube in middle part of Romania


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Thermophile oak forest with clearings, in the vicinity of Danube, in southern plain of Romania


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Subcontinental xerophile, thermophile wood on leached tschernozem soils in the plain in southern Romania


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Xerophile neutrophile white oak wood in the central-southern plain of Romania


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Xeromesophile, weakly acidophile oak forest in the plain of southern of Romania


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Xeromesophile, weakly acidophile oak forest, on the plain in the southern of Romania, near of Bucharest


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Natural riverine forest along the lower part of the Danube, in the flood plain


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Natural forest of mediterranean type, placed in interdunes; on dunes, psamophile, meso-xerophile, halophile vegetation


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The most typical aquatic zone in incipient stade of evolution in the Danube Delta


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Complex of small lakes, conected to an old branch of the Danube, in a zone of sand banks


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Great variety of relief forms: small sand banks, lakes, backwaters, fixed reed stands and floating reed islets (characteristic for Danube Delta)


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Submediterranean forest on sand, with lianas (Periploca graeca); one of the most extensive system of dunes from the Danube Delta


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Lacustrine zone, strongly salted and freezing late in the winter, in the Danube Delta


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Lake and riverine forest in the lower part of Sf.Gheorghe Arm, in the Danube Delta


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Island in the north of the Razim Lagoon (Danube Delta), representing a rest from a continental stony ridge; at the northern side of thew island there are thermal, submerged springs


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The island Sacalin is the youngest teritory of the Danube Delta, formed in the last century from sand deposed by the river and the sea, to the south of the Sf.Gheorghe Arm of the Danube


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Complex of shallow lakes, light halophilous, and sand banks with halophilous vegetation, between Razim Lagoon (Danube Delta) and Black Sea


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Calcareous promontory on the southern side of the Razim Lagoon (Danube Delta)


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Lacustrine zone, remarkable for its various ecological structure


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Typical site for the northern hilly part of Dobrodja-Romania; characteristic for the xerophile landscape


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Small swampy depressions on the right border of Sulina branch (Danube Delta), to the periphery of a village


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Galleries of Hippophae rhamnoides along some navigable channels in Danube Delta


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Lake and swamps as well as reedmace, in the central part of Danube Delta


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Pontic stepic vegetation and saxicole vegetation in a hilly area in northern part of romanian Dobrogea


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Mesophile, neutrophile beech forest with Fagus sylvatica, Fagus taurica and Tilia tomentosa, insular in northern of Dobruja


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Small, lateral branch of the Danube, upstream of the Danube Delta but inside of the DD Biosphere Reseve


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Hilly area covered, on the most part of the site with pontic stepic vegetation, but having also small portions covered of broad-leaves forests and plantations (mainly wineyards), in the north part of continental Dobrogea


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Very complex forest; xerophile - neutrophile mixed oak forest, on rendzina soils on limestone highlands of northern of Dobrogea


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Mesophile, neutrophile white oak forest on the limestone highland of northern of Dobrogea


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Thermophile oak forest and mesophile, neutrophile mixed oak forests, insular in the south-eastern of Romania (Dobrogea)


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Littoral dunes at the western side of the Black Sea, in the southern part of romanian Dobrogea


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A large area mainly including sandy beaches with littoral vegetation, between Black Sea and Danube Delta


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Heterogenous zone between Razim and Sinoe Lagoons in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve; mainly sandy formations


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Very great diversity of habitats, including sandy banks, aquatic stands and a low promontory, in Danube Delta


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Cave in the south-eastern part of Romania (Dobrodja)


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Thermophile forest with Carpinus orientalis and scrubs, in the romanian Dodroudja


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Thermophile forest with Carpinus orientalis alterning with scrubs of Paliurus spina-christi and dry grasslands, im extreme south-eastern part of Romania


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Silvosteppe forest in the southern part of romanian Dobrogea


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Stepic grassland and rocks in the southern part of romanian Dobroudja


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Peloidogenic lake of lagoonar origin, sandy beaches and humid areas, in the south of romanian Dobrogea


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Thermophile forest of Quercus pubescens and Carpinus orientalis, in the southern part of romanian Dobroudja


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Cave in the south-eastern part of Romania (Dobrogea)


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Littorale sands and beaches in southern part of romanian shore of Black Sea


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The site includes a steep limestone cliff in the top of peninsula Pakri with alvar grasslands, alvar forests and forests on the slope of the cliff.


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The site includes the lower part of the river Keila with waterfall and surrounding coniferous forest.


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The site includes an unique alvar community dominated by Potentilla fruticosa on the sandstone cliff up to 31 m, deciduous forest on the slope of the cliff and coniferous forest with a small pictureresque waterfall.


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The site consists of Vaana alvar and the old caves.


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An unique alvar type dominated by Potentilla fruticosa.


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The site includes a steep limestone and sandstone cliff partly covered by broad-leaved forests.


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The site is located in the NW part of Naissaare island and includes sand dunes (partly covered by lichens and pines), sandy beaches, shingle beaches with boulders and pine forests. Part of the dunes is covered by lichens and pines.


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The site includes the cliff of Ulgase and the old glass-sand mine caves.


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The area comprises 11 different islets in the bay of Kolga - Aksi, Rammusaar, Laiakari, Allu, Koipsi, Rohusi, Umblu, Lôuna-Malusi, Vahekari, Pôhja-Malusi. There are several rare plant communities for Estonia - Empetrum nigrum heath with juniper shrub on Aksi, Rammu and Koipsi; juniper heath, and juniper heath with ferns on Koipsi islet.


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The area includes lime-stone plateau and cliff with calcareous meadows, juniper scrub and forests.


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A wild-looking bog area surrounded by pine and spruce forest. The bog area includes raised bogs and transition mires divided by sand dunes covered with pine heath forests.


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The area comprises the river of Pudisoo and its valley.


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The site consists of the river Valgejogi.


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The site includes two rivers Loobu and La"sna.


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The area includes the sea bay with three islets, reedbeds and coastal meadows.


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A marine island with sand and shingle beaches, meadows, juniper scrub and mixed forest.


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The site contains the mouth of river Kloostrijogi with reed areas and coastal meadows.


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A mire area with numerous islands with the species of rich wooded meadows and a lake which is in a process to be overgrown. S-part of the mire is feeded by springs. The area includes wooded meadows in fen, pine swamp forests, woodland bogs, open bogs and old forest patches surrounding the mire area (mainly alvar forests).


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The site is located on the bog island and consists of the old boggy forest and the boreal pine forest.


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There are three separate old forest areas, which are covered with different forest types: boreal pine forest, boreal spruce forest, forest on decomposed soil, swamp forest, bog forest and transitional mire forest on the osis.


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The site consists of flood plain forest where 5 - 20 % trees are windfallen. The number of standing dead trees is 5%.


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The site includes a steep limestone cliff with a broad leaved forest on the slope of the glint. The site includes also the valley of the lower reaches of the river Puhajogi. The highest waterfall in Estonia (20 m high) - Valaste juga - is located here too.


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The site includes forests of following types: deciduous forest, swampy forest, forest on decomposed soils, boreal spruce forest, boreal pine forest.


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The large mire area is dominated by hollowbogs.There are quaggy fens in the marginal part of the peatland. The mire is surrounded by swamps and forests.


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The site includes old forests of following types: deciduous forest, swampy forest, forest on decomposed peat, boreal spruce forest, transitional mire forest.


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The site is an extensive mire area with moraine ridges dominated by wooded hollow bogs and wooded pool bogs.There are several forest islands, some of them are covered with old forest. The area is surrounded by extensive forest where some old forest patches also occur.


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The site includes natural diverse forest types in the river valley of Poroni.


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A part of Narva river with 5 islets, flooded meadows, flooded fens close to the lake Peipsi.


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The site includes various types of old forest: deciduous forest, swampy forest, boreal pine forest, boreal spruce forest, boggy forest, bog forest, transitional mire forest, forest on decomposed peat.


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The site includes various types of old forest: swampy forest, boreal pine forest, boreal spruce forest, forest on decomposed peat.


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This is an old forest site where following types occur: swampy forest, boreal pine forest, deciduous forest.


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The site includes old forest patches, fresh boreal spruce forests, deciduous forests and swamp forests.


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The site includes old forests of following types: transitional mire forest, forest on decomposed soil, bog forest, fen forest.


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The site includes Agusalu mire and surrounding old forest patches. Agusalu mire is very peculiar since it is formed between sandy range of hills and therefore marrow islands are covered with heath pine forest which alternate with bogs. Treeless bogs are often surrounded by transitional bog zones or very wet and hardly penetrable quagging mires with bog beans and cotton grass.


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The site is situated in the NW part of Riiska mire and includes several forest types (transitional mire forest, swamp forest, boreal spruce and pine forests, boggy forest, forest on decomposed peat, fen forest) and mire (mainly fen).


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Smolnitsa is an area with sand dunes (up to 5 m high), lined up along the northern coast of lake Peipsi ( 5th biggest lake in Europe). The site contains also old birch forest and swampy patches near the dunes.


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The site consists of mire system Kakerdaja and surrounding old forest patches.


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The site is a wooded fen rich in species in Central-Estonia. The communities of Carex davalliana and Sesleria caerulea occur.


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The site consists of oak forest and surrounding forests in the following types - dry boreal forests and fresh boreal forests - at the right side of river Padajogi.


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The area consists of different forest site types: deciduous forest, boreal spruce forest, swampy forest, transitional mire forest.


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The site contains different types of forest: boreal pine forest, swampy forest, mixed forest.


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The sprig fen rich in orchises and coniferous forest rich in species on the old gravel quarry.


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This is a forest area in the coastal region, includes two islets, sand and shingle beaches, pine and spruce forests, mixed forests and wet forests.


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A wilde-like raised bog surrounded by pine, spruce and birch forests.


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The area includes raised bogs, mesotrophic and dystrophic lakes, pine and spruce forest, mixed forest, and wet forest.


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The area includes the Koolimae sea bay, reedbeds and coastal meadows.


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A wilde-like forest area, includes pine and spruce forest, mixed forests and wet forests.


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A wilde-like forest area in the coastal region, includes sand beach, pine and spruce forest, mixed forests and wet forests.


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The area includes lime-deficient oligotrophic lake Viitna Pikkjärv, mesotrophic lake Nabudi järv, pine and spruce forest.


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The site consists of Uhtju islets: Pohja-Uhtju, Louna-Uhtju, Raudlood, Sirga and the surrounding sea area. Pohja-Uhtju and Louna-Uhtju are covered with perennial vegetation.


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The site contains two capes: Letipea and Ullu with shingle and sandy beaches and reed beds and salt meadows between the capes.


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The site consists of the river of Pada and reed beds at its delta. The river is very good spawning place for sea trout. The reed beds are important breeding and stopping places for the reed birds.


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The site consists of mire systems. The oldest part of the mire consists of two-lobed bare bog complex, the northern lobe of which is pool rich and eccentric and the southern one a concentric bog complex with hummock ridges. The margins are covered with bog pines, surrounded by a narrow zone of swampy forest.


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The site includes temporary lake areas of Vohmetu-Lemkula in the valley of oses covered with forest. There are approximately 15 nutrient rich water bodies drying up in the middle of summer. The lakes contain rare zooplanktons, e.g. Mixodiaptomus theeli. Lobaria pulmonaria - indicator lichen of unpolluted environment - has been detected on the trees. The onshore vegetation of the lakes has not been investigated precisely. There may be a habitat for rare mud soil plant.


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The site includes the lake named Antu Sinijarv.


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The site contains boreal spruce forest (Hepatica site type) and birch forest.


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The site contains alvar oak forests, boreal spruce forests and wooded meadows with oaks.


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There is a fen rich in rare species (Orchidacea). 24 threatened plant species of Estonia can be found there. Among these Gymnadenia odoratissima - unique for Estonia. Monitoring site.


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The site contains large uninhabited forests, several small lakes and a huge area covered with raised bogs. Characteristic to the area are also oses (eskers) and the bulge-like elevations with relative great height. There are also some old-forest patches included in the site.


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The site consists of the bogs of Aela, Viirika, Vonka, Laukesoo and Pususoo which are separated from each other by strips of fen, numerous mineral islets, swampy forest patches. There are two lakes in Aela bog.


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The site includes a bog consisting of several mire parts which form an integral mire system where open hollow bog is dominating. There is a large quagging part in the NW part of mire and several bog steams.


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The site is covered with 100-120 years old forests: spruce forests and mixed forests with pine-spruce majority without human impacts.


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This is a mire area.In the northen part there is a spring fen with several orchids. Generally, treed bog is dominating.


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There is a bog between eskers dominated by open bog types with several bog islands in the SO part.


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A mire area on the watershed. The bog area is dominated by wooded hollow bogs, the marginal area is covered with birch swamps and mixed herbrich swamps. There are several forest islands and Loosalu lake in the central part of the mire.


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The site is covered with alvar forests (Calamagrostis and Arctostaphylos sub-types), boreal spruce forests, swampy forests, fens and alvars.


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The site is situated at the right side of the channel Leivajoe. The site is covered by Calamagrostis-alvar site forest type with broad-leaved trees (oak, lime) and fen birch woods.


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The area includes old forest site types: alvar forests, boreal spruce forests and fen forests.


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The site includes alvar spruce forest and alvar pine forest.


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The site includes Torassoo mire where fen patches vary from ridges to mire islands. The mire islands are covered by alvar forests (mainly alvar oak forests), which are nowadays turning to nemoral forests.


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The site contains forests of following types: forest on decomposed peat, transitional mire forest, boreal pine forest and nemoral forest.


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A typical peat-bog of the eastern part of Estonia. Seven bogs are separated with rivers. One of the largest springs (Norra allikad) and the deepest (4.8 m) spring (Sopa allikas) in Estonia is located in the western part of the area. There are six relic lakes of ornithological importance, the largest one is Endla.


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It is a fen rich in species situated in the hollow between drumlin area.


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The site is situated between river Poltsamaa and Endla Nature Reserve and includes different forest types: swampy forest, transitional mire forest,nemoral forest and fen forest.


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The site consists of treeless spring fen with two lakes.


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The site includes the river of Ahja, the steep valleys of Tilleorg and Taevaskoda and Akste ants (Formica aquilonia) reserve. There are picturesque Devonian sandstone outcrops in Taevaskoda.


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The mire area is dominated by open bog and partly by wooded hollow bog. There are 31 forest islands dominated by birch and aspen trees.There are also two lakes (Meelva and Padojarv) in the NO part of the area.


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The site includes lower part of Vohandu river with the river outcrops of Devonian sandstone. The depressions of the river valley are covered with flooded meadows and scrubs, high parts with pine and spruce forests and secondary birch woods.


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The mire area is dominated by lawn-bog and bog woodlands with hollows and pools in different stages of development. There are also two lakes and several forest islands. There is birch-aspen forest on the island of Pahklisaare and several bog estuaries at the border of Pikassaare.


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The site consists of 100 - 120 years old forests (fresh boreal forest, dry boreal forest, swamp forest, drained peatland forest).


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The site consists of 130 - 160 years old pine forest (dry boreal forest).


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The complex site consists of the river and the river valley with Devonian sandstone outcrops of Piusa, and the old glass-sand mine close to the river.


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There are six old caves of glass-sand mine.


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The site includes the river Piusa and its valley with outcrops of Devonian sandstone and flood plain.


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The site contains forests of following types: nemoral forest (ash forest), boreal spruce forest, swampy forest and forest on decomposed peat.


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Large, quite flat wilde area. Most parts are covered by mires in different geneses separated from each other by forests growing along rivers and streams. Forest types include peaty spruce- and broad leaved forests as well as extensive swamp forests, carrs and alluvial forests.


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The big mire area is located at the delta of Estonian largest river - Emajogi. There are ca 80 mire islands and 8 lakes. The mire is partly in transitional mire state and partly in raised bog state.


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The islet Piirissaar in Peipsi-Pihkva lake is divided into halves by a channel. There is marshy forest in one side and vegetable fields in the other side of the islet.


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Ropka-Ihaste floodplain meadow is situated by the river of Emajogi near town Tartu. There is a fen rich in species typical to West-Estonia, but rear in central Estonia.


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An old forest that has been partly preserved in its natural state since 1923. The following forest types are represented: forest on decomposed peat, nemoral forest, boreal spruce forest, transitional mire wood and swamp forest.


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The site includes several forest site types: boreal spruce forest, boreal pine forest and transitional mire forest.


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The site includes southern part of the lake Vortsjarv (2nd biggest lake of Estonia) with the river mouth of Vaike-Emajogi and surrounding flood plain.


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The site is a wooded spring fen on the floodplain of the river.


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The site includes wooded meadows on the river banks of Koiva and floodplain meadow of Mustjoe mouth.


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Karula national park has very complicated geomorphology - small hillocks, valleys, plains etc. and resulting from that - very mosaic vegetation - from dry woods to marshes and raised bogs. Forests are in natural state because of the hard accessibility.


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The site contains ash dominated forest where birches and spruces also occur.


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The site is covered with boreal spruce forest.


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The site is situated between the Rubina bog (Lagesoo) and the Rubina river and consists of the following forest types: boreal pine forest, forest on decomposed peat, boreal spruce forest, boggy forest, swamp forest. The forest is variable and is quite swampy between the ridges. There is also a lime-dominated forest.


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The site is situated near the Latvian border and consists of boggy forest, heath forest, transitional mire forest and boreal pine forest.


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This is a vast area of Central-Estonian mires. Four large bogs - Kuresoo, Valgeraba, Ordi ja Kikepera, located in the catchment of one of the longest rivers in Estonia - Pärnu river - are separated from each other by the tributaries of the river. There is a alluvial wooded meadow and alluvial broad-leaved forest near river Halliste where the greatest flooding in Estonia in spring time takes place. There are old forest patches (for example Paasma laan) in the marginal part of Kuresoo bog and at the Halliste river. The site includes also separately located Poorikaasiku Kivinina mixed old forest.


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The site includes relatively monolithic flooded fen in the valley of Halliste river.


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Parika relic lake is developing into a mire situated in the Parika mire.


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The site includes the valley of Oisu river, Oisu forest, Oisu lake and bog. Vidva stream flows in the bottom of the valley. On the left bank of the valley there is a sandstone cliff, on the slopes several springs and small spring mires. Forest are of boreal and nemoral type.


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The site includes elm forest on the slope of the valley in Sakala "uplands" and old forest patches: nemoral forest, fresh boreal spruce forest.


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The site is situated near river Halliste, and includes fresh boreal dspruce forest, forest on decomposed peat and fen.


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The site includes 7 lakes: Valgjarv, Liinjarv, Suurjarv, Kaussjarv, Ratasjarv, Tougjarv, and Kahila jarv.


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The site contains forests of following types: nemoral forest, forest on decomposed peat, boggy forest and swampy forest.


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The site includes a river and old forest patches close to it.


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The site includes dunes, forests on dunes, fens and mires on the transgression area of the Baltic Sea. There are also old forest patches in following forests types: deciduous forests (mainly ash dominated forest), swampy forests, boggy forests, swamp forests, transitional mire forests and forests on decomposed peat.


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The site includes Salinomme saltmarsh and Ounaku coastal meadows. In Salinomme sandy salt soil has recently rised up from sea and is covered with annual communities of halophytes.


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The site is a shallow brackish water area with several islets: Kadakalaid, Kakralaid, Harilaid, Hellamaa rahu, Vohilaid, Hôralaid and Eeriku laid between the islands Hiiumaa and Vormsi.


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The area is an alvar - habitat on limestone bedrock with very thin humus layer.


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The site includes coastal meadows, coastal lakes and common juniper alvars.


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The site is a shallow water sea area with multiple islets. There are several types of beaches, coastal meadows, juniper and buckthorn thickets and broad-leaved forests on the islets.


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The site includes pine forests: heath forests and boreal pine forests in the coastal zone.


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The site includes old forests: alvar forests, heath forests, heath forests, boreal spruce forests and sandy beaches.


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The site consists of different types of old forests: heath forests, boreal pine forests and boreal spruce forests.


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The site icludes old forests: boreal pine forests, swamp forests, deciduous forests and fen.


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The site includes an old forest area. Forest types: transitional mire forests, fen forests, swamp forests, boggy forests, boreal pine forests and heath forests.


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The site consists of variable landscapes: forest turning to mire area, fens, quaggies by the lakes, heath bogs and forests of different types (heath forest, boreal pine forest, deciduous forest, boggy forest, forest on decomposed peat, swampy forest and transitional mire forest).


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Osmussaar is an island in the NW part of Estonia. The domainating biotopes are juniper alvars in different ages and various humidity, and shingle beach ridges. The forests are mixed deciduous forests.


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The site includes a complex landscape area: inner coastal sea, sandy beaches, dunes, heaths and coniferous forests with scattered wetlands.


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The site comprises two large mire areas. Laanemaa Suursoo - the larger area dominated by open, dwarf-shrub lawn and hollow bogs. Sporadically the open fens are poor. There are several lakes, whereas Tanavjarv is the only lake with sandy beaches in the mire in Estonia. There is lots of forest islands especially in the NE part of the mire. Valgeristi consists of open bogs in northern part and fens and wooded meadows in southern part. There are some bog pools. The old forest patches can be found on the mire island.


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There are two mires in different development stages - an eutrophic mire (a fen) and a mesotrophic one (a transitional bog). Avaste mire is very wet. 2-meters-high, thick, almost impenetrable reeds grow there.


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The site includes a former bay between mainland and Noarootsi island. The bay is now overgrowing with reeds and the island Noarootsi has transformed to penisula.


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The site includes two rivers: Riguldi and Hobringi and the delta of Riguldi river with reed beds and two small islands.


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The site is a sandy salty soil with temporary communities of halophytes.


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The area includes peninsula of Rumpo and Hullo bay with islets.


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Typical karst meadows and coastal salt meadows on the island Vormsi.


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The site includes 2800 ha reed beds and 4000 ha flooded meadows at the lower course of the Kasari river and coastal meadows at the Matsalu bay.


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The site includes wooded meadow of Laelatu and broad-leaved forest of Puhtu, beach ridges and coastal meadows.


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The site includes Nehatu mire and Pivarootsi alvar.


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Nehatu mire gives a variety of elements of bog habitats for interesting plant and bird communities. There is one of few relatively large habitats for subatlantic Cladium mariscum.


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One of the biggest alvars on the seashore of West-Estonia. Half of the area is owergrowing with juniper thickets, the rest of it is suitable for grazing.


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Tuhu mire has formed in the lower basin of the West-Estonian Lowland due to the filling up of ancient lakes. The mire consists of two parts, which are separated by road. The western part is bigger, with a more complicated configuration and a higher richness in species. The eastern part has a more homogeneous configuration, a large part is occupied by a fen and by a swamp birch forest. The bog areas are in a developing stage where hummock ridge complexes have formed but pool complexes are still unformed. Treeless herb bog and wooded dwarf shrub bog types are dominating. The marginal areas are covered with dense pine bog forests.


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The oldest and largest oak grove (over 250 year old) in Estonia.


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The site consists of oak alvar forest close to the mire Leidissoo Thje forest is practically on mire island.


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Marimetsa bog is one of the oldest typical West-Estonian treeless raised bogs. It is a mire complex, where dwarf-hollow bog is dominating. There are 3 larger pool complexes and near ditches the incriesing importance of pine bogs is apparent. In marginal areas wooded fen is growing. In some places the bog is bordered by a transitional mire. The mire islands are covered with old forest without any human impacts.


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The site includes swamp forests:mtransitional mire forest, boggy forest, swampy forest and boreal pine forest.


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The site includes transitional mire woods, boreal pine forests and boreal spruce forests.


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The site includes oak forest close to Kaha mire.


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The mire area comprises of two large raised bogs - Natsi and Volla. There are hollow bogs dominated by Trichoporum caespitosum and wooded pool bogs with long bog pools in the bog of Natsi. Volla is drier treeless bog with two large forest islands. There is also a transitional mire in the eastern marginal part of Volla.


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The site consists of the islets of Sangelaid and Sillalaid and surrounding sea water.


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The small islet in Liivi bay is not very inhabited. Main part of the islet is submerged or very wet in the spring. There are bare coastal meadows and single trees.


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The site is a relatively open and flat raised bog with many pools and hollows. Five islands in the bog are covered by decidous or mixed forests. The bog is surrounded by wet decidous forests.


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Two peninsulas from which the smaller and lower one repeats highers successions during the land upheaval.The middle parts of peninsulas are higher, shores go lower. There are beach ridges and low coastal meadows according to the openings to winds from sea.


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This is a coastal meadow on land upheaval coast with variable communities.


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The site is covered with old swampy forests.


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This is a beautiful coastal pasture 300-500 m wide and is quite mosaic because of different managment intensities.


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The site includes two separated old forest areas. Hundi aspen woods and Raamasselja nemoral forest.


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The site includes old forest areas. Average age of spruce forest is 140 years, pine forests are 120-150 years old.


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The site includes forests of different types: boggy forest, boreal pine forest, nemoral forest and swampy forest.


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The site is covered with 110-140 years old nemoral deciduous and swampy forests.


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Large coastal flat on clay ground, where an interesting meadow with disperse reeds has developed because of extensive grazing.


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The site contains boreal spruce aspen forest.


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Old forest patches contain fresh boreal pine forests and fresh boreal spruce forests.


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The site includes forests of following types: swampy forest, boreal pine forest and boggy forest.


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Old forest site contains fresh boreal spruce forest and swamp forest.


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The site includes 110-140 years old forests of following types: boreal pine forest, boggy forest, boreal spruce forest and transitional mire wood.


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The site includes boggy forest and swampy forest.


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The bay Kaina Laht is an eutrophic brackish lagoon with reedbeds and 23 small low islets, connected to the sea by two narrow canals.


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Harilaid is a headland in the NW corner of Saaremaa. It is a sandy and shingle flat area where vegetation has not formed out finally yet.


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The area comprises a small part of Vilsandi island (Cochleria danica-Sagina maritima community), 160 islets with granite boulders and surrounding shallow sea water.


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In old forests patches following forest types occur: fresh boreal spruce forest, swampy forest, deciduous forest, fresh boreal pine forest and alvar woodlands.


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The site includes dunes - running in parallel chains and covered with heath forests, part of the sand areas is covered by heath vegetation.


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The site includes a fen and 3 small streams (Pidula oja, Pidula Veskioja and Ligeoja). The fen (Schoenus ferrugineus community) is originated from ground water pressure. It is a habitat for Pinguicula alpina - unique species in Estonia.


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The site includes a halotrophic lake Kooru and the surrounding area which represents a transitional area from clayey, periodically flooded ground to fen on the thin peat layer. The main part of the fen is dominated by Cladium mariscus, but there are also species rich Carex communities and Schoenus communities.


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This is a species rich fen in a natural state.


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There are series of mires in transitional development stages - from quagmire to raised bog. There is a peat deposit in one part of the site.


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Mosaic alvar consists of several parts which are separated with coppices.


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The largest mire on the island of Saaremaa with characteristic bog types and bog lakes, where open lawn bog and open hollow bog are dominating.


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This is a typical coastal meadow in land upheaval area with some salt-marshes.


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Large alvar on Muhu island, half of the area is overgroving with juniper and hazel.


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The site is a alvar habitat on the cliff.


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The Vaike Vain Strait is a wetland complex with diversity of coastal and marine habitats including reed-beds, mud flats,inshore waters. The bay is very low, less than 5 m. Especially in the last years the water level has been very low in summertime and in the southern part of the bay large sandy flats have arisen from the sea. The water of bay is moderately eutrophic.


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The Paeranna forest is mainly pine-dominated forest on carbonate-rich moraine. Very small parts of birch-forest also occur.


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This is a small islet close to Muhu island. Most of the islet is covered by coastal meadows, central part by alvars.


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The coastal meadow on land upheaval area is in different stages of succession.


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The site includes Kybassaare peninsula and the surrounding sea (inshore waters). The peninsula represents mainly alvar ecosystems which are nowadays overgrowing with juniper and pine. Smaller part has been occupied by moist and paludified species-rich grasslands but after ceasing of grazing and mowing these are also overgrowing going on, mainly by reed. An excellent broad-leaved (elm-maple-lime) forest is situated in the southern part of peninsula and a dry, alvar-like forest of the birch stand is situated in the northern part of peninsula. The sea shore consists mainly of shingle.


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Kessulaid is an island with very interesting landscape features, especially valuable is high limestone cliff which is a habitat for interesting flora. In the western and southern part of island very rare and species-rich alvar spruce forest is growing. Alvar grassland occupies also a great part of island. As the managment of alvars is very poor they are overgrowing with junipers and pines.


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The site includes the Padaste coastal meadow on Muhu island. It is 100 -200 (300)m wide pastured grassland.


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There are several types of alvar communities - Avenula pratensis community rich in species, Festuca ovina community on thin soil, Molinia caerula and Sesleria caerula communities on humid soil. More than half of the area has not been overgrown with juniper thickets yet.


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The area comprises the elevation of Viidumagi, it's slope covered with lightsome pine stands and fenlands rich in springs, dunes.


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There are two different fen parts on the site: a Carex davalliana community in natural stage and Schoenus ferrugineus community in paludification stage.


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Three shallow lakes are separeted from the sea. The bottom is partly covered with curative mud.


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This is a mosaic landscape on thinner and thicker soils with humid and dry sites. A large part has not overgrown with juniper thickets yet.


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The area comprises two parts of Rahuste coastal meadows and a small islet of Ooslamaa with surrounding shallow sea water. Rahuste coastal meadows consist of Glauco maritimae var. of the Glauco maritimae-Juncetum gerardii community and Salicornietum europaeae community which are rare in Estonia. Ooslamaa islet is mainly pebbly, partly sandy islet that is strongly influenced by sea-water (especially during storms) and ice. There are only some trees (one of them is a oak!) and shrubs (Rosa spp.) growing on the islet.Plant communities are very peculiar - Honkenya peploides with Cynoglossum officinale, Urtica dioica, Rumex crispus, Linaria vulgaris, Epilobium angustifolium on the sea-shore and very low Sedum acre carpet with Potentilla argentea, Linaria vulgaris, Viola arvense etc. in the middle of the islet. Very strong impact of nesting birds can be met.Near the islet a very low stony islet is in the sea where seals stop.


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The site includes 3 islets close to the peninsula Sorve (on island Saaremaa), surrounding shallow sea-water and Sääre coastal meadows. Three geologically young islets consist mainly of shingle and are permanently transformed by ice and storms. The plant cover is very sparse and relatively poor in species but valuable in the point of studying plant species establishment processes. The coastal meadows on the top of the peninsula are bordered with shrubs and broad-leaved forests. The biotopes are quite mosaic - drier parts are vary with moister ones thanks to the old beach ridge system.


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The site includes a part of coastal terrace which is covered with forests of following types: boreal spruce forest, swampy forest, boggy forest, alvar forest and forest on decomposed soils. At the foot of the terrace forests alimented by ground water occur.


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The coastal meadows of the site are on the western part of peninsula. Thanks to old beach ridge system diverse biotopes are represented - moister parts vary with dryer parts.


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There are three geologically young islets in the sea close to the Sorve peninsula, consisting mainly of shingles and are permanently transformed by ice and storms. The plant cover is very sparse and relatively poor in species, but valuable in the point of studying the plant establishment processes. Islets have also great importance as bird nesting areas and stopping places for migratory birds.


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The site includes a broad leaved deciduous forest of Central European type and coastal meadows on the island of Abruka.


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A typical coastal meadow in the northern part of island Abruka .


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The site includes deciduous forest on the island Abruka which is on the north border of its range. There are lot of ash, elm, oak, maple and lime trees, hazels, hawthorns up to 5 metres, mountain currants, flies, bucthorns, guelder roses, bird-cherries, rowans, etc. In the most part lime is dominating tree besides elms, maples, oaks and birches. There are also birch dominated deciduous forests and swampy forests; aspen deciduous forests and ash dominated forests. 	The undergrowth is quite rich in species, typical to hornbeam forests in Central Europe.


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The area comprises a small islet and surrounding shallow water near the southern part of Saaremaa island. The islet is geologically young, with poor vegetation and covered mainly with gravel and shingle.


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The sand dunes in the eastern part of Ruhnu island.


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The site is a forest on the soils formed on Devon'sandstone on small island Ruhnu. Characteristics by former coastal formation; visuable storm damages.


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The site includes forest, sand dunes, coastal meadows and marshy meadows on the island of Ruhnu.


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The site is a small marshy area behind beach ridges in the northern part of Ruhnu island. There is the most representative habitat for Hydrocotyle vulgare - vulnerable in Estonia.


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The site is in the western part of island Ruhnu on the land upheaval area and is valuable for its coastal meadows.


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Central part of the site is formed of the primeval coastal terrace which is covered with alvar forest and sandy heath forest, predominantly pine forests. There is the only habitat for Ajuga pyramidalis in Estonia. At the foot of the terrace spring fens rich in species occur and this is one of the two areas where habitat of Juncus subnodulosus occures in Estonia.


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The site contains mainly swampy forests.


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The site includes alvar forests, swampy forests, fresh boreal spruce forests, species rich fens and acid fen.


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The site is a coastal meadow with mosaic communities because of variable landscape.


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The site includes alvar oak forests and alvar aspen forests. Besides dominating tree species birches, limes, maples, spruces and pines also occur. The shrub layer is rich in species: e.g. Ribes alpinum, Lonicera xylosteum, Juniperus communis, Crataegus, Corylus avellana, Sorbus aucuparia, Frangula alnus, Viburnum opulus, Ulmus glabra and Malus sylvestris.


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Raised bog with transitional fen elements with numerous peninsulas covered with forest. Long, narrow peninsula overgrown with pine forest divides the bog into two parts. There is a quite large forest lake in about centre of the territory but the bog itself holds several smaller lakes. Bog peninsulas and surroundings mainly have pine forests on sandy soil, in wetter places spruce and birch dominated woods. Extensive fish-pond systems lie NE from the bog; it plays significant role in maintaining high breeding density of Osprey. The bog is surrounded by old forest areas: proportion of old stands is 0-80% (average 40%).


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Raised bog with fen and transitional fen areas. The bog is very open with complex of small lakes and pools. Several mineral land islands with different forest types. On the largest island old Lime forest with Ash admixture occurs. Surrounding forests are very diverse. Peat extraction has been launched in SE part of the bog.


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Open wet raised bog with transitional fen elements with several small mineral land islands overgrown with old pine forest. Surrounding forests are mainly pine swamps.


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Large forest tract. Diverse forest types, however, forests with Scots Pine as dominating species are most common. High proportion of forest clearings - fresh clearcuts made in the last 5 years. The proportion of old tree stands is from 0-60% (on average 10%). It is planned to cut most of these stands. Single farms with small size farmland patches are scattered within forest tract. Few raised bogs and areas of wet forests occupy comparatively small territory. Two rivers - Zalvite (bordering in N) and Viesite (bordering in S) are interesting mainly from botanical point of view. They have mainly sandy bottom with some floodplain meadow areas, partly covered with schrub.


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Coast (part of valley) of river Daugava from Skriveri to Aizkraukle. Unique not flooded section of River Daugava old valley. Coasts are up to 48 metres high. Occasionally dolomite outcrops appear. Coastal slopes are covered with broad-leaved forest and are rich in springs. Recently open parts of slope now are overgrown with schrub. Only in some places calciphile meadows have remained. The floodplain area is covered by meadows, agricultural land. There are numerous lateral ravines with creeks.


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Forest tract in the basin of River Pededze ca 10 km South from village Malupe. Mostly wet forests dominate. As a consequence of melioration young trees have overgrown the older ones. The proportion of old stands in different parts ranges from 0 to 100% (20% on average). It is planned to cut about a half of these stands.


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Large forest tract between River Liepna and Posulnica creek. Floristically rich forest types on wet mineral and turf soils occur. Occasionally Tilia forests occur. River Liepna in NE is unregulated river with wet Black Alder stands on coasts. At some places dry Pinus forests occur as well. Forests around creek Posulnica are mostly dry with pine as dominant species. The proportion of old tree stands is quite high - on average 25% (1-50%). Occasionally steep slopes occur.


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Deep (max depth 15 m, area 1590 ha) hipereutrophic lake with slow water exchange and sand-gravel bottom. About one fourth part of the lake is covered by emergent vegetation. In spite to pollution from Aluksne city Lobelia-Isoetes complex has remained. The breeding birds include a colony of Larus ridibundus. The last record of Coregonus albula is dated in 1950, but there is another unchecked report from 1985. Ichtiological survey of the lake revealed following species: Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Tinca tinca, Carassius carassius, Carassius auratus, Alburnus alburnus, Stizostedion lucioperca, Perca fluviatilis, Gymnocephalus cerna, Cobitis taenia, Anguilla anguilla.


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Shallow lake rich in emergent vegetation, partly overgrown with many peninsulas and muddy islands. Forests on peninsulas are mainly old deciduous or mixed. Pure reedbeds occupy relatively small territory, in coastal areas fens and birch swamps can be observed. Inhabited by different duck species, gulls and terns. Surroundings have rough relief, mostly forest and bush with some patches of agricultural land.


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Forest tract around (mainly S and E sides) the Silguldas bog which has lost it's importance for nature conservation due to peat extraction. Only little part of it has remained. Old (more than 100 years), rich Spruce-Aspen forest consisting of several generations (judging by lichens and mosses). Fallen and growing Aspens with diameter 3-4 m are recorded. At some sites Black Alder and Birch swamps with numerous dry spruces and birch trees occur. The percentage of old tree stands is 25% (0-80%).


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Valleys of small river Akavina and of higher waters of river Pededze - from Estonian border to Malupe. Mostly unregulated rivers little affected by any human activity. Bottoms are mostly sandy but in some places may be very stony, especially in Pededze (River Virgulice mouth area) where Margaritifera has been found.


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Forests in the basin of River Pededze ca 20 km North from village Malupe. Forest types on wet mineral soils are most common. Floristically most interesting is Ash-Spruce forest with rare cereal and Carex species. Occasionally old Asp stands (80 years old and more) occur. The proportion of old tree stands is quite high: about 25% (5-70%). Unfortunately it is planned to cut most of them. Numerous small wet meadow, fen and transitional fen areas are scattered within forest tract.


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Group of several prolonged, narrow and deep lakes (Raipala, Ievas, Dzerves, Mellitis, Lielais Baltins, Mazais Baltins, Pilskalna, Ilgajs, Suneklis, Kalekaura) in subglacial depression. The water is clear and belt of surrounding emergent vegetation is narrow. The slopes of depression are very steep and covered with old undisturbed mixed forest (dominating species Spruce, Aspen, Oak, Birch).


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The forest in the area is mostly of two types: 1) swamps mixed with wet tall-herb meadows, 2)old coniferous stands. The forest tract is surrounded by irrigation ditches, however the hydrological regime in swamp areas is excellent, mostly due to beaver activities. There are numerous minor springs and pools within forest area. High proportion of dead and fallen trees. The site includes 2 forest blocks which are upper (N) part of a larger forest tract. The area in W, N, E is surrounded by agricultural lands.


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A complex of large forest tract and several raised bogs (Lepuru, Sarvaku - 332 ha; Gaujienas, Sloku - 623 ha, Melnsalas-Kaulezera - 1208 ha; Tetersalas, Kubla - 428 ha).Typical continental raised bogs. A complex of bog lakes and long, narrow mineral land peninsula covered by old forest in Melnsalas-Kaulezera bog. Large growths of Betula nana there. Surrounding forests are mainly wet, swamps. Approximately in the center of the territory there is a ravine with dolomite walls and one 10 m deep cave where wintering bats occur. The bogs are important for geese during migrations.


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The second largest bog (total area 3880 ha of which 1430 ha is fen) between River Aiviekste tributaries Balupe and Piestina. Raised bog occupies the central part of this bog tract is mostly overgrown with small pines and birch-trees. The raised bog area is surrounded by transitional bog and fen. These areas are slightly overgrown with schrub.


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Large forest tract where wet Birch and Black Alder stands are mixed with dryer spruce and mixed forests. The proportion of old forest stands is 15% on average. It is planned to cut most of these stands.The area is crossed by partly regulated creek. There are numerous open places in the wood: clearings, mires. Large territory is flooded due to beaver activities.


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Large areas of swamp pine forests with no drainage or cutting during the last century. Occasionally separate Spruce, Spruce-Aspen and Black Alder stands occur, some of them more than 200 years old. In some sites small fens and mires. Rare lichen species Lobaria pulmonaria, characteristic for old undisturbed forests, is found. The proportion of old tree stands is remarkably high - over 30% (up to 90% in separate parts).


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Small freshwater lake in a quite urban landscape.


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Large raised bog with quite extensive areas of transitional fen and several forested mineral land islands. One larger lake (Orlovas) in the northern part. Orlovas lake is a breeding site for different species of waterfowl. The proportion of old tree stands in forests surrounding the bog is about 20%.


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Two large raised bogs separated by forest tract. Stampaku bog (670 ha) has very wet areas, mineral land islands overgrown with forest. Surrounding forests are various: from dry pine forests to swamps. Dominating tree species are: Birch, Aspen, Spruce, Pine. The proportion of old tree stands here is quite high: about 25% on average. Murnieku bog (1230 ha) is open with several forested mineral land islands completely surrounded by forest. Part of surrounding forests are meliorated.


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The site actually consists of three larger bordering parts. The Klajotnes Bog (area 1591 ha) is very open raised bog with some fen areas without pools or lakes. Berzpils Bog (5100 ha of which 2100 ha is fen) lies between two tributaries of River Aiviekste: Piestina and Nica. The central part of this bog tract is occupied by raised bog surrounded by transitional bog and fen areas in periphery. Raised bog part has either open and overgrown (with small pine trees) areas. It is remarkable that occasionally deciduous bushes appear in this bog. Large bog and forest tract North from Lake Lubana is called Aiviekstes klani. Mostly swamp pine, birch forests or dryer, more than 100 years old pine stands occur. In spite of drainage in previous years, areas are still very wet. The proportion of old tree stands in different parts ranges from 0-70%, on average 10%. It is planned to cut at least part of these stands. Three small fen, transitional fen and raised bogs (Abora, Nainiekstes and Apalais). The territory include also overgrown Eina lake and floodplain meadows, several overgrown tiny Baltu lakes and fens along higher waters of River Aiviekste in the East.


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Valley of River Musa from Arce to Bauska; valley of River Lielupe from Bauska to Viesturi. In some sites river valley has steep banks, dolomite outcrops. In the valley carbonatic soils are characteristic with typical plant communities.


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Main rare plant records are made in intertidal area of the lake which is not occupied by schrub.


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Small size ponds in agricultural and urban landscape in surroundings of farm Turaidas. The ponds are small-size, shallow with clay bottom. They are partly overgrown with Typha sp.


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Glacial eutrophic lake in Vidzeme Central Elevation. Maximum depth 7 metres, area 775 ha. The bottom is sandy, rarely stony. There are 2 islands. Shores are gradually overgrowing forming muddy swamp, occasionally reedbeds and Scirpus occur. Surrounding land is mainly arable farmland, fallows, pastures, transitional bogs and dry and wet forests. Dominating tree species are Birch, Pine and Spruce. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex occur in the lake.


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Forest tract in an undulating area with different types of woodland. Numerous lakes of different size in depressions, often forming groups. Great proportion of wet forest area which, unfortunately, are meliorated, at least in part. The proportion of old forest stands ranges from 5 to 30%. It is planned to cut significant part of them.


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Small (area 23 ha) eutrophic lake in an undulating landscape on the edge of pine forest tract. Coasts are overgrown with forest, occasionally agricultural lands occur. In the lake plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are recorded.


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Raised bog in greatest part, also fen and transitional fen. Several characteristic pool and lake complexes. Several larger lakes (Ratnieku, Zviedru) at the edges of the bog. On mineral land islands mainly spruce forests with separate old Quercus robur, Tilia cordata and Populus tremula. The river Suda starts from the bog and formes there a valley (deepening). In the southern part sulphur-springs can be found. Large numbers of geese during migrations.


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Section of River Ligatne valley slope with caves. The slope is very steep and high (50 m). The slope is covered with old spruce and mixed forest. Caves in Devon dolomite 8.5m and 10m long. There are several springs appearing on land surface as well. The foot of the slope is overgrown with schrub and alders.


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Ravine with small creek and several caves in dolomite 5 - 56 metres long.


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River Amata from Karli fish-breeding farm to falling into R. Gauja. Natural, as far as possible, unregulated tributary of River Gauja with quite deep valley and high incline (gradient). Flows through large forest tract. The proportion of old tree stands is quite high: 5-60% (on average 20%). Numerous dolomite and sandstone outcorps create very impressive landscape.


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Small (area 13 ha), distrophic or semidistrophic lake, water coloured orange, translucence 2.5 m. Vegetation belt around the shores is not well developed. In comparison with other GNP lakes the Lake Plauzu is very little affected by human activities. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex.


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Semidistrophic lake (area 394 ha), water colour orange, translucence 1.3 m. The belt of emergent vegetation is narrow. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex. Coasts are mainly forested (high proportion of old stands: about 45% on average); in the Southern end the lake meets Unguru bog.


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Small distrophic or semidistrophic lake with muddy shores, partly covered with young forest. The water is light brown, translucence 3 meters. Belt of emergent vegetation is narrow, plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex.


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Two lakes connected with a canal. Raiskuma Lake (area 79 ha) is eutrophic to hipereutrophic overgrowing, water colour is yellow, translucence 1.4 m. It receives concentrated also dispersed biogenic substances from it's basin. Auciema Lake (area 41 ha) is hipereutrophic rapidly overgrowing with muddy floodplains, water colour greenish-yellow, translucence 0.8 m. 59% of it's basin's area is occupied with agricultural lands. Both lakes have plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex.


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River Rauna from Rauna village to falling into River Gauja; River Raunis from Pleskava highway to falling in River Rauna. Raunis mostly flow through deep canyon. Coasts are strongly overgrown (deciduous and mixed forests), numerous sandstone and dolomite outcorps occur. Bottom is mainly stony or pebbly. River Rauna flow through coniferous woodlands; shores are overgrown with schrub, occasionally sandstone outcorps occur. The river is very winding, bottom covered with stones and pebbles in straightest segments sandy deposits occur.


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Creek Kumada (Kumadina) from Inkuli to falling into River Amata. Bottom is stony with some sandy areas. The river has great incline. Several sandstone outcrops in shores of lower waters; upper the Riga-Pskov highway dolomite outcrops. Numerous springs fall into Kumada, therefore water is clear and cold. The valley is covered mainly by schrub, spruce and mixed forests. Only in very few areas natural floodplain meadows have remained.


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Valley of River Brasla from Straupe to falling into R. Gauja. River flows through deep ravine overgrown with coniferous and mixed forests. The proportion of old forest stands is rather high: 10-40%, on average 20%. The bottom is mainly sandy, at some sites pebbles occur.


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Creek Skalupe and it's valley from point Plamite (1: 25 000 scale ref. map) to falling into river Gauja. The bottom is stony. Deep ravines and canyon, occasionally sanstone outcrops. Shores are overgrown with coniferous and mixed forest. The proportion of old stands is about 10% (0-35%).


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Valley of creek Perlupite and it's surroundings from Spare to Riga-Pskov highway. Wet coniferous forest dominates on shores. There are numerous lateral ravines, several sandstone outcrops with caves and nitches. Coasts are strongly overgrown with schrub, Black Alders, etc. and cast permanent shadow for the river which is favourable for Margaritifera population. Bottom is pebbly and sandy. Unfortunately numerous beaver dams create large ponds occupying all the valley and cause water eutrophication. The proportion of old stands along the river is 20% (5-60%).


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Valley of creek Vildoga with surrounding forests from Tilla (Pakalne, Rupnieki; 25 000 ref. map) to falling in River Gauja. The river flows through deep canyon (up to 50 m deep). Numerous lateral ravines with creeks. River bottom is mainly sandy, occasionally stones appear. Several sandstone outcrops and caves in walls of lateral ravines. Mostly coniferous forests in the valley. The proportion of old forest stands ranges from 3-30% in different parts (15% on average). Unregulated river flowing through quite large forest tract.


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Large tract of swamp forests. Dominating tree species are Pine, Birch, Black Alder. The percentage of old tree stands is relatively high 3-75% (average 15%).


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Small freshwater lake surrounded mainly by agricultural lands. Bottom covered with sand, belt of emergent vegetation is narrow, shores are overgrown with Black Alders.


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Small freshwater lake (area 12 ha) in hilly landscape, surrounded mainly by agricultural lands.


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Mixed and broad-leaved forest with significant proportion of Oak. Occasionally pure aspen forest. High proportion of old forest stands (average 20%), unfortunately it is planned to cut almost all of them. Quite high proportion of clearings. River Ilukste flows through this forest tract and is not regulated here. The river has deep canyon, numerous curves. However, it has been found that water quality is not good; pollution from farms in upper waters is possible.


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Hilly landscape. Elevations are covered with pine forests, indepressions wet meadows, small lakes with fen areas at coasts. In the South the territory borders with Dubna River valley with undisturbed riverine habitats. Scattered primitive farms everywhere.


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Small, ca 1 m deep freshwater lake, strongly overgrown with Typha and Phragmites (about 80%), especially NE part and in coastal waters. Shores are muddy, overgrown with Salix, with forest touching SE coast. Breeding birds include also colonies of Black-headed Gull with typical satellite species: Mallard, Pochard, Tufted Duck, Garganey. Forest NE from the lake is also included in the site. Here old coniferous stands dominate, black alder and birch swamps in depressions.


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Valley of River Laucesa in about 30 km long segment from Latvian border to valley of Daugava. The site includes also largest tributary Kumpota with it's 25 m deep valley. The territory is undulating, rich in diverse forest types: in separate growths dominating species are pine, alder, spruce and different mixed forest types. The proportion of old forest stands is quite low. On terraces and valley slopes dry calcareous meadows, somewhere wet meadows and small fens can be found. Numerous small lakes are scattered among hills.


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Middle waters of River Daugava (about 200-300 m wide) with numeros islands and sand accumulations. The river flows through plain, mainly agricultural lands.


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Territory roughly between rivers Dviete and Ilukste. Large areas are occupied with wet scrubby floodplain meadows, several small fen areas and small lakes. Two larger lakes lie in the Western end ot the territory. Both are 90% overgrown with Typha, Carex and Scirpus meadows. It is interesting that there are almost no Phragmites. There are numerous dead trees in the Dvietes lake. Several farms between lakes with improved and managed meadows.


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One of the most typical hill and lake complexes in Augszeme Elevation. The greatest part of it is occupied by agricultural land with scattered spruce and mixed forest fragments. In depressions and lake floodplains small fen areas and Black Alder swamp forests occur. The lake Medumu is with numerous bays and islands; belt of emergent vegetation is narrow. The bottom is covered with sand, pebbles and Chara sp.


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Ricu (area 1286 ha; in Latvia 587,7 ha)and Sila Lake (area 262 ha) and large forest tract between them. The forest types in it are very diverse: along dominating pine stands, also mixed pine-spruce and spruce-deciduous woods occur. There are small patches of very wet swamp forests as well. The percentage of old tree stans is low - about 5%. Several scattered small lakes can be found in this forest tract.


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Lake Svente (area 739 ha) and it's surroundings. The coastline is very curved: with many bays and peninsulas. Small coastal parts of the lake are overgrown with reeds, in some sites with Typha. Breeding birds include also colony of Black-headed Gull with typical satellite species. Shores are covered with schrub, agricultural land, farms.


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Comparatively wet raised bog (area 743 ha) overgrown with small pine trees. The bog has many islands overgrown with old pine forest. Peat extraction has been launched in it's northern part. The main nature conservation value belongs to forest tract South from the bog. Mixed forests with Aspen, Lime, Birch and Oak dominance are the most common. The proportion of old tree stands here is on average 20%.


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Large wet forest tract with Birch, Black Alder and Ash dominance. The proportion of old tree stands is about 15%, however, it is planned to cut most of them. River floodplain meadows.


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Tract of partly drained broadleaved forest, mainly Fraxinus with large numbers of Quercus trees and rich undergrowth. The area is crossed by River Tervete. The proportion of old forest stands vary in different parts from 3 to 70%. (on average 15%). It is planned to cut a part of these stands.


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Undulating landscape overgrown with mixed and broad-leaved forest, fens in depressions and ponds created by beavers in creek valleys. The proportion of old forest stands ranges from 2 - 90% in different parts (average 20%). Part of the woodland has been formed by overgrowing of abandoned agricultural lands because territory actually was the site of military training for former USSR army. The site includes two raised bogs. The largest one (Sturu 1050 ha) lies in the East and has several peninsulas covered with forest. Western part is flat with groups of small lakes. Smaller bog (Karklauku 300 ha) is surrounded by mixed forests.


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Segment of Svete River valley from Lithuanian border to Augstkalne. The valley here is not deep but is well distinguishable on background of surrounding lowlands. The valley is mostly forested; dominating tree species are Spruce, Ash, Alder, Birch and Aspen. The proportion of old forest stands ranges from 5 to 40%. On terraces and on slopes small meadows and fens occur.


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Deep depression with two lakes in an undulating landscape. Small raised bog lies between the lakes. On hills mainly Spruce and Pine forests, in gullies - wet deciduous or mixed forests. Ichtiological survey of the site revealed following species: Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Tinca tinca, Carassius carassius, Carassius auratus, Alburnus alburnus, Gobio bobio, Perca fluviatilis, Gymnocephalus cerna, Astacus astacus.


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Partly overgrown lake with fen area (Vikes fen 345 ha) on shore. Forest area in SE. Typical fen and transitional plant communities occur. Breeding birds also include colonies of Black-headed Gull with typical satellite species. The site is important for migrating waterfowl; up to 2000 geese can use the territory simultaneously.


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Mixed and deciduous forest tract on carbonatic soil. Dominating tree species are Ash, Birch, Aspen, Spruce and occasionally Oak. The proportion of old tree stands is low - about 5% (0-50%). There are several gravel pits along the northern border of the site where a population of Natterjack Toad has been recorded.


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Tervete nature park and valleys of four rivers: Skujaine, Svepaine, Tervete and Svepane. All rivers are not regulated with well distinguishable valleys (up to 25-30 m deep). Valleys are forested or covered with schrub, occassionally small fen areas or meadows occur. Numerous lateral ravines with streams. Tervete forest tract is dominated by dry pine forests. The proportion of old forest stands is high (0-100%, on average 30%).


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Wet raised bog (total area 1591; due to peat extraction in the southern end, only about a half of it is included in the site) surrounded by belt of forest and agricultural land. A very deep lake (Usura, area 160 ha) lies at the western side. The breeding birds include also Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) and several duck species.


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Segment of Gauja river valley from Salinkalns to Jaunpiebalga. Diverse river shores. At some sites river flows through quite deep ravines. At point Velena there is quite lot of rapids (ca 3.5 km). The bottom is stony, somewhere the river flows over cliffs.


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The valley of River Tirza from Lielmezi to Mentes. In Cesu region the river flows through coniferous or mixed forests, lower mostly agriculturally used flood-meadows occur at coast. Coasts are overgrown by Black Alders and schrub. The bottom of the river is both covered by pebbles and sand. Unfortunately, there are meany beaver ponds in the river lalley and water flow is slow here.


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Two connected shallow overgrowing lakes with muddy shores. Emergent vegetation cover up to 2/3 of total areas of both lakes. Both are situated in a humid depression. The surroundings - mainly birch and alder swamp forests - are touched by melioration. The breeding birds include Larus ridibundus, Podiceps grisegena, Podiceps cristatus, Fulica atra, Anas platyrhynchos, Cygnus olor, Ciconia ciconia.


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Completely overgrown lake with few open fen areas lying in the middle of wet pine and mixed forest tract. The forests are remarkable of high proportion of old stands - on average 40%.


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Site where River Sita meets River Pededze and surroundings. Central part of the site is flodplain meadows with several scattered old oaks. These meadows are flooded each spring and plays an important role for migrating waterfowl (more than 1000 individuals per day) and waders. In summer the meadows are just wet. North and East part is occupied by almost impassable swamps where dominant species is Birch and Black Alder. These areas were meliorated but unsuccessfully: in spring they are almost totally flooded. Great proportion of dead and fallen tree-trunks in the forests. The site includes also Kalna lake with surrounding old Pinus forest. The proportion of old tree stands in the site is high: about 35% (0-60%).


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One of the largest area of swamp forests in Latvia. Most of it has not been drained or drained unsuccessfully. Treestands of different age can be found, somewhere older than 100 years. High proportion of dead and fallen trees. Part of the territory is usually flooded in spring.


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Valley of one of the largest rivers in Latvia. Coasts are flat without steep banks and mostly used as agricultural land. Floodplain meadows with relatively large total area. The territory is mostly used for recreation (angling), grass mowing, cattle grazing and different agricultural practices.


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Part of the territory of Abeli forestry. Dominated by deciduous and mixed forests. Most common species: Aspen, Birch, Spruce, ocassionally with some Ash and Lime admixture. Birch and Black Alder swamp forests occupy significant areas as well. River Ziemelsuseja flow through this forest area and has large areas of floodplain meadows.


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Group of 3 small lakes. Largest of them is Laukezers (15 m deep and with area 50 ha). It is slightly eutrophic with excellent translucence (more than 5 m). This lake is connected to Izenieku lake. Floristically richest is the Mazais Baltinu lake with transitional fen area at coast. Also surrounding forests hold several protected plant species.


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Two very large raised bogs. Bog Teici is one of the largest in the Baltic Region. Mostly it is very open with some fen and transitional fen areas. It has 19 larger lakes and several complexes of small lakes and pools. There are sites of different water regime: dry elevations overgrown with heather are mixed with wet places in depressions and around the lakes. Melioration ditches made a long time ago are almost completely overgrown. Several mineral land islands overgrown with forest. The bog is surrounded mainly by swamp Pine and Birch forests. Faunistically most important area is Vaboles lake and it's surroundings; floristically: Sumanu and Islienas lakes and their vicinity. Bog Pelecares lies South from Teici bog and is among the largest ones in Latvia. It is also a raised bog with one larger lake in the middle and has some fen areas in the periphery. Numerous forested mineral land islands, few of them are overgrown by Lime woods. Surrounding areas and forest peninsulas are very different: wet mixed and pine swamps lie close to dry pine stands.


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Two mutually connected eutrophic freshwater lakes. Coasts are muddy. Klaucanu lake is overgrown for 15% with emergent vegetation. The bottom is covered with deep sapropel layer. The lakes are occassionally surrounded with different types of forest where proportion of old tree stands is low: 0-25%.


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Overgrown lake surrounded by fen with small raised bog and transitional fen areas and swamp forests. Wide fen peninsula stretches in the lake. Dominated by sedges, osiers and small birch-trees. The bog is surrounded by wet mixed and coniferous forest.


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Relatively open raised bog (area 677 ha) with a larger lake in the middle. The bog is surrounded by large forest tract dominated by rich mixed forests, occasionally pine forests. The proportion of old stands is relatively high: 40-50%.


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A part of large raised bog (total area 1080 ha) rich in scattered bog lakes. The bog is surrounded by rich deciduous forests. Average proportion of old stands is about 10%. The bog has many mineral land islands overgrown with deciduous and spruce-deciduous forest. Peat extraction has been launched in NE part of the bog and has destroyed it for about a half.


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Relatively large raised bog (total area 1089 ha) with many scattered lakes. Surrounded by rich deciduous or spruce-deciduous forests, mainly young stands.


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Raised bog with open, muddy parts and two complexes of scattered bog lakes. Several small islands occur as well. Small fen or transitional fen areas. The bog is surrounded by large forest tracts with deciduous tree dominance, occasionally pine forest fragments occur.


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Large open raised bog (area 1131 ha) with several small mineral land islands. Occasionally complexes of small scattered bog lakes occur. One larger lake in the northern part of the lake. Bog islands are overgrown with pine forests; the bog is surrounded mostly by mixed, rarely deciduous forests, mainly young stands.


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Two raised bogs (Cuku 725 ha and Slapjo Salu 174 ha) with relatively large open area and numerous complexes of scattered bog lakes. The bogs are separated by narrow long peninsula overgrown with old pine forest. The bogs are rich in mineral land islands. Islands and surrounding areas are dominated by pine forests, rarely mixed stands. The proportion of old tree stands here is on average 20%.


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Eutrophic freshwater lake (max depth 40.5 m, area 30.9 ha). Water colour light green, translucence 5 m. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are recorded. Lake shores are overgrown with schrub, mixed forest and there are some cultivated grassland areas, too.


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A complex of several small lakes in a large tract of mostly pine forests. The proportion of old forest stands is about 5% of total forest area and it is planned to cut most of them.


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Lake (area 96.4 ha) with plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex. There are extensive reed growths (the belt exceeds 100 m in width) in East part of the lake. The lake is surrounded by bush, cultivated grasslands and farms.


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Lake (area 22.8 ha) with curved coastline, rich in bays, eutrophic in central part. Hipereutrophic in the bays. Water colour is greenish yellow, translucence 3.4 m. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are recorded. The shores of the lake are steep, overgrown with schrub, mixed and deciduous forest.


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Lake (area 1759 ha) with numerous bays overgrown with Typha and Phragmites, 25 islands. 5 small rivers flowing in, the River Dubna starts from the lake. Many small overgrowing lakes and ponds lie close to the lake. The surrounding relief is undulating, mainly agricultural lands with small forest patches are present. In the lake plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are recorded.


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Deepest Latvian lake (area 755 ha, depth 65 m). The lake has 9 islands, little eutrophicated in the middle, eutrophic and hypereutrophic in bays (overgrown with emergent vegetation). Surrounded by quite urban agricultural landscape with several popular tourist resorts. However the density of farms is not high, many of them deserted. The lake has 1 larger and 3 smaller islands. Shores are not steep, with many terraces.


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Suffosion lake; depth 17m; excellent water translucence, almost no waterplants. Lies in depression among sandy hills covered with coniferous forest. Small raised bog and fen area lies nearby.


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The lake Ezezers (area 1065 ha) with 36 islands (richest in Latvia), overgrown with forest, some of them with deciduous forest, including Quercus robur stands. A colony of Grey Heron lies on one of these islands. Surrounding landscape is included in the site as well. It is undulating with numerous minor lakes and ponds, wet depressions. Large areas is occupied by bush, fallow land, improved grassland. Wet forests on the shore appear on South coast. Belt of emergent vegetation along shores is narrow: there are no extensive reedbeds.


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Valley of River Daugava from the Latvian border to Daugavpils. River Daugava (ca 200 m wide) with numeros islands, sand and gravel banks. Valley is quite wide with several terraces, in some sites steep banks. Agricultural and urban landscape alters with forested areas in the valley. The percentage of old tree stands is low: 5% on average. Close to Daugavpils large gravel-pits occur.


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The total area of fish-ponds is about 300 ha. Small islets occur in the ponds and the surrounding mixed forests provide good habitat for many breeding and passage bird species. The ponds are rich in emergent vegetation. The whole area is used for fish-breeding, agriculture, forestry and hunting. Breeding birds include also: Tufted Duck, Pochard, Shoveler, Garganey, Mute Swan, Black-headed Gull. during migration large numbers of waterfowl and waders occur and the area is especially important as a resting site for Cygnus cygnus (hundreds) and C. columbianus during spring migration.


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Ancient coast of the Baltic Ice Lake and calcareous meadows at it's foot. Rare plant communities with several orchid species. Meadow type characteristic for Kurzeme region has remained in the territory, while elsewhere it has been lost due to meloriation or land abandonment. The meadows must be preserved as rare and disappearing biotope which has been formed in interaction of natural factors and human activities.


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The lake with plant species typical for Lobelia complex.


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Valley of River Vanka from Mednieki to Bridagi. Small unregulated river with sand and gravel bottom. Lies in a deep ravine (up to 20 m) and is not frozen even in hard winters. Shores are overgrown with old pine or spruce forest; surrounding area is hilly.


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Quite shallow lake with some emergent vegetation close to the coast (area 242 ha) in a hilly landscape. The water level has been recently rised and there is still devices allowing to regulate water level. Shores are quite plain with numerous small streams. In areas rich with streams Black Alder-Ash swamps appear. On the SE coast, broad-leaved forest with Oak dominance. The lake has one island without trees with a mixed colony of Black-headed Gull and Common Tern. Ducks from several species are breeding there, too. There is a colony of Grey Heron in trees at the south-eastern coast. Apart breeding species the Black Kite, the Osprey and the Black Stork have been seen foraging.


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Valley of a small river. In upper waters the valley is undisturbed, covered mainly with forest (wet swamps dominated by Birch, Alder, Aspen with many broken trees) and flows in undulating landscape; in lower waters mainly floodplain meadows occur. River's bottom is mainly sandy. There are numerous beaver dams limiting water flow and causing water eutrophication. The site includes a forest tract bordering NW. It has many small lakes and breeding site of Osprey Pandion haliaetus. The proportion of old tree stands is below 5%.


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A group of small elongated lakes (Daubins, Zalezers, Sudezers, Gulbis, Zilonis, Daklis, Eglezers, Rumikis, Seglinu, Mezmuizas, Mordangas-Kanu, Kalvenes, Keves) lying in gullies among old dunes. In the surrounding forests dominant tree species is pine. There are small fens in small gullies among dunes and at some of lakes. Note: Utricularia ochroleuca is not found since 1932. Ichtiofauna of Mordangas-Kanu lake include following species: Esox lucius (c-common), Abramis brama (vc-very common), Rutilus rutilus (vc), Scardinius erythrophthalmus (vc), Tinca tinca (r-rare), Cyprinus carpio (r), Alburnus alburnus (vc), Leucaspius delineatus (c), Rhodeus sericeus amarus (r), Leuciscus cephalus (r), Stizostedion lucioperca (r), Perca fluviatilis (vc), Gymnocephalus cernua (c).


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Large tract of mixed forests mainly of Pinus-Picea with Populus tremula and Betula. The proportion of old forest stands in different parts ranges from 0 to 60%; about 10% on average. The lanscape is quite plain. In depressions several small mires appear; comparatively developed hydrological net. Due to high density of European Beaver, even formerly drained stands are now wetter than before. Most of houses within the forest tract are now deserted, formerly ploughed land is overgrown with schrub and young forest. Many of old roads are useless for cars. At the moment forest planners build new roads and cut all stands in surroundings.


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Lejejupe is 19 km long tributary of river Venta. The area include valleys of both rivers (Sprincupe and Lejejupe), forests, meadows and other natural habitats among these two rivers: small fens, floodplain meadows, wet rich meadows, small artificially created ponds, park meadows with old oak-trees, patches of mixed forest and scrub. Sprincupe at the entrance to River Venta is regulated, the valley is not deep. The Lejejupe is more interesting; it flows through a ravine and has steep banks.


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The river Abava is largest tributary of river Venta. Up to 30m deep valley. This river segment lies mainly in forest areas; habitats here are almost undisturbed by human.


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A segment of one of Latvia's largest rivers. The valley has steep banks, occasionally with open sandstone cliffs. Overgrown with forest or used as agricultural land.


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The site with impressive and rare for Latvia undulating landscape. The rivers (especially Dzelda) flow through deep canyons (slopes up to 40 m high). Dzelda has very rapid flow, with stony or dolomite bottom, rarely sand. It's coasts are overgrown with old mixed or deciduous forest (Picea, Alnus, Betula, Populus). and rich with lateral springs with ravines. Skervelis is less impressive, mostly sand bottom, and more beaver presence has been observed. Letiza is wider not as rapid as Dzelda, at least in lower waters. Dolomite and boulders appear here only in the last km before entering Venta. In May, 1996, there was an impression that water has strange colour and is probably polluted from neighbouring cattle farms. Between the rivers diverse forest types appear: from coniferous (Pine) in dryer sites to deciduous. Everywhere high number of dead and fallen trees is observed. The site includes extensive agricultural meadows, bush, wet depressions and several artificial slowly overgrowing ponds.


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There are 3 raised bogs in the territory: Plucu (512 ha), Novadu (198 ha), Sakarnu (177 ha). Between and around them large forest tracts dominated by pine and pine-spruce forests. In East the area is separated by Usma lake, in the South - valley of river Abava. There are many clearcut areas; together with forests they make a mosaique landscape.


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Riezupe from Rumbenieki farm to falling into river Venta. Mainly broad leaved-coniferous forests occur on steep slopes of the river valley. Dominating tree species are spruce, elm, lime, alder. High diversity of forest plant species: communities with rich populations of Corydalis cava and Allium ursinum. Somewhere sandstone outcrops and caves with total length 460 m (one of longest systems in Latvia).


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Open coastal dunes with bordering old pine forest South from Liepaja city. Sand beach. Threatened plant species are found mainly on white dune. The proportion of old pine stands on average is 20%.


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Shallow, eutrophic lake (former coastal lagoon), area 405 ha. Rich in submergent vegetation - Phragmites, Scirpus, Typha. Halophytic plant communities. The coastal area is muddy with scrub and wet deciduous (black alder swamps) and mixed forests, fens and floodplain meadows. The lake is rich in breeding ducks, swans and other waterfowl. Several colonies of Black-headed Gull are present, too.


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High bog without trees, fen at the edges (total area 2310 ha, 2030 ha of it high bog). The bog is surrounded by the wet forest belt and dunes owergrown by old pine forest. In the West side the bog starts just behind the dunes. The dominant species in the fen area is Carex lasiocarpa which formes an association Caricetum lasiocarpae Osv.23. The greatest diversity of butterfly species is registered in eastern part where different habitats (including coastal dunes) are mixed together.


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The remained part of the drained bog which total area was 2249 ha (partly raised bog and fen). Mostly fen area surrounded by mixed forests, wet pine forests and wet meadows. The proportion of old tree stands is low - about 5%. Characteristic fen plant communities for the Kurzeme region.


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The territory is almost completely covered with forest. Only small area of farmland (SE) was included in the site. Dominating species in forests: Spruce, Birch, Aspen. In depressions forests are wet with high number of dead and broken trees - excellent habitat for rare woodpecker species. The proportion old tree stands is remarkably high - about 40% (5-90%). However, it is planned tu cut a significant part of them. Small forest meadows in gaps. Now quite large territory is covered by clearings and it's proportion in future will obviously increase. A breeding of following bird species is possible: Aquila pomarina, Ciconia nigra, Crex crex, Glaucidium passerinum, etc.


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Valley of river Durbe from Cirava to Saka. The river and it's few inflowing tributaries have deep ravines covered with forest. In the river valley quite large proportion is occupied by extensive agricultural land, numerous oxbows, wet meadows. There are numerous solitary oak trees and in some places even oak forests with some admixture of spruce and pine.


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The valley of river Riva from Pavilosta-Alsunga road to Pavilosta-Ventspils road. The valley is covered with forest and dry meadow. The proportion of old tree stands is about 10% (0-60%). In the northern part small area of elm wood has remained with typical landcover. One of few sites where Lilium martagon has been recorded.


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Large lake (area 670 ha) rich with submergent vegetation. Witdh of surrounding water vegetation belt ranges from tens of metres to 150 m. The site include the lake, surrounding agricultural area (about equal proportions of arable land and cultivated grasslands), floodplain meadows in NE part, Oak tree stand N from the site. Surrounding landscape is undulating. Apart of threatened bird species following species are recorded: Podiceps cristatus, Cygnus olor, Aythya ferina, Aythya fuligula, Gallinula chloropus, Larus ridibundus.


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River valley with sandy terraces, dry meadows with plant communities typical for coastal Kurzeme. Forest on river coasts are already cut and area is used for farming. Somewhere fragments of former oak forest has remained. The River Sventaja is a border river with Republic of Lithuania.


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Undulating mosaique landscape with small wet forest tracts, abandoned meadows, fens, shallow fish-ponds and small lakes. Higher waters of River Vartaja. Largest lakes: Sepenes and Reina. The lake Blazga is a place of successful reintroduction of Hyla arborea. The proportion of old forest stands is quite high -20% (5-80%).


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The valley of River Barta from Lithuanian border to Laukgali. Valley of unregulated river with steep banks, natural sandslides and deep lateral ravines. The valley crosses forested area with little human disturbance. Forests are mainly Spruce-broad leaved, somewhere the Elm is dominating species. The proportion of old forest stands is quite low - on average between 5 and 10%, besides it is planned to cut most of them. In some sites scrub and wet meadows occur. Remarkably high breeding density of Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia). Barbus barbus is not recorded since 1930. Potential record sites of protected insects: Catocala sp., Limenitis sp., Apatura sp., Parnassius sp.


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Typical habitat for Erica tetralix. At some places old (150 years and more) pine swamps with several dry islands. Less studied valley of river Tebra in the North.


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Marine area from 5 to 30 m deep. Mostly stony bottom consisting of coarse gravel, stones, stone piles. Blue mussel - Furcellaria communities, favourable herring spawning sites. Uneven sea bottom relief causes intensive vertical exchanhe of water. Internationally important numbers of waterfowl occur at wintering and during spring migration. Dominating bottom species: Macoma baltica, Mya arenaria, Cardium edule.


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Unique habitat for Latvia which has been formed in interaction of coastal climatic and abiotic conditions. Dolomite deposits (layers) appear close to the soil surface. This delays groundwater discharge, therefore rust (ortstein) layer formes. Soils are very acidic, nutrient-poor. Forming and maintaining of such vegetation type was supported by fires, grass mowing and grazing. The biotope in this area is very uniform, partly overgrown with pines. Overgrowing Grinu lake is richer in flora as well as the valley of Liela Kapa.


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The valley of river Runupe from Svari farm to Apsenieki. The river with deep valley, steep banks and lateral ravines of discharging streams. Most of the valley is covered by rich forest. The proportion of old forest stands is about 10%.


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The territory is completely covered with forest, mainly secondary Spruce and Birch growths (approx. 70 % of total area). Floristically rich deciduous woods with Oak, Lime, Ash, Aspen and Black Alder occur as well. The proportion of old tree stands is about 20%.


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Forest tract to SE from Dunikas Tirelis. Mostly Black Alder and Birch stands dominate but there is also a pure Hornbeam growth (4 ha, forest block 145). The proportion of old tree stands is about 15%. In the rest part of area the Hornbeam occurs only in the underlying storey of forest. Occasionally abandoned agricultural meadows and muddy Carex meadows occur. In the South the territory borders with Lukna river.


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Raised bog, transitional bog and fen (total area 650 ha). The bog is surrounded by different types of forest. The proportion of old forest stands is about 10% (5-30%). Large growth of Myrica gale.


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More than 10 km long and up to 2 km wide strip of coastal habitat, mainly sand beaches, steep abrasion slopes intercepted by several small unregulated river mouths with sand dunes and dry meadows inland. Shallow coastal waters with stony banks in the North (at Akmenrags). Almost untouched by human activities during the last 45 years. The coastal waters of the site holds remarkable numbers of migrating and wintering waterfowl, for example Divers, Gavia spp. (0.1-0.9 birds per 1km2).


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Large open raised bog (total area 1315 ha) with small lakes and several islands covered by forest.


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Shallow (max depth 3 m), eutrophic coastal lagoon-type lake (area 3715 ha). Rich in submerged vegetation (Phragmites, Typha, Scirpus, etc.) and rare halophytic plant communities at shores. The water regime is determined by the inflow of freshwater in southern part and inflow of brackish water through Barta channel. At shores brackish marsh, meadows, in eastern part floodland meadows with plant communities typical for western part of Latvia. Apart threatened bird species, large gull colonies with characteristic satellite species breed there. They include: Black-headed Gull ca 25.000 pairs, Mute Swan ca 100 pairs, various species of ducks up to 500 pairs, Coot up to 1000 pairs.


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The Lake Pape is natural postglacial maritime lake (0.5-2 m deep). Water contains some amount of hydrogencarbonates and suspended particles. Two rivers earlier flowing into the lake were later led directly to the sea by 1.5 km long draining channel. Fluctuations of the water level of the lake are seasonal, raising usually in spring and autumn. The shallow lake has 12 islands and is very abundantly overgrown with emergent vegetation: Phragmites, Typha, Scirpus; bottom is covered by Chara. The coastline is rather notched with large marshy penninsulas. The lake is surrounded by wet meadows and pastures overgrown with reed and bushes, as well as extensively managed agricultural land. A narrow strip of land (also pine forests on dunes) separating lake from the sea is very important for migrating birds and bats. Ichtyological survey of the lake showed dominant species: Esox lucius (c - common), Abramis brama (vc - very common), Rutilus rutilus (vc), Scardinius erythropthalmus (vc), Tinca tinca (vc), Carassinus carassinus (r - rare), Alburnus alburnus (r), Perca fluviatilis (vc), Gymnocephalus cernua (r).


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Complex of two raised bogs and forests. Pemmas bog is long (area 900 ha), Lielais bog rounded (area 1623 ha). They are separated by forest peninsulas. The bogs are very open with pool complexes, several larger lakes and mineral islands covered with forest. There are old pine stands on the islands in the central part of the bog while deciduous and mixed woods grow on the islands situated close to the edge and on peninsulas. Lielais bog is crossed by a small river forming suitable habitats for many bird species. Breeding birds also include Larus canus and Vanellus vanellus. Important site for migrating geese (Anser albifrons and A. fabalis).


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Raised bog with one bigger lake in the western part and several large pool and lake complexes. South-western part of the bog is separated by long and narrow deciduous and mixed forest penninsula. The peat extraction is launched in the western part. The bog is surrounded by a belt of forest and agricultural land.


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Very pristine and undisturbed wet Black Alder-Birch and Spruce forest with many broadleaved tree species. There is a high proportion of old tree stands (5-80%) - on average 30%.


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Undisturbed section of River Korge (Korgene) from point Korgene to falling into river Salaca.


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Valley of River Svetupe from Lauvas to falling into Gulf of Riga. The river from the sea to Vecsalaca forestry is shallow with sand and gravel bottom and flows through agricultural landscape. Upper it becames wider and there are a lot of sandstone outcorps and caves at shores. The caves are important for wintering bats. The shores became more forested. There are a variety of forest types: from Pinus monocultures to mixed forest and deciduos swamps.


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Valley of River Liepupe from Village Liepupe to falling into Gulf of Riga. In the upper waters of the section Liepupe flows through agricultural land and floodplain meadows. After crossing Riga-Tallin highway forests and steep banks appear in the valley. The bottom is sandy or pebbly, water is rapid. Unfortunately floodplain meadows have been ploughed. Old gravel pit is lying on left shore. It has been filled with water and shores are overgrown with reeds.


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The valley of River Vitrupe from Kibrizi to falling into the Gulf of Riga. In the first 4 km from the sea the river flows through agricultural land. Upper the shores became more forested: mixed forests dominate. Mainly young tree stands occur. The bottom of the river is sandy with stones of different size.


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Unregulated part of the River Ige: from Kroli farm to meeting the River Salaca.


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Typical raised bog with fen area in the southern part. Pool labyrinth in the northern part. The bog is surrounded by wet pine and birch forests (not included in the site). There are no old forest stands surrounding the bog.


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Comparatively small, almost concentric raised bog (area 419 ha) with several pool systems. River Glazupe (not regulated) flows close along the western part of the bog. The bog lies in the peripherial part of North Latvia bog-forest tract. Apart rare bird species breeding fauna also include Lapwing and Common Gull (a colony). The bog is surrounded mainly by wet mixed forests. The proportion of old stands ranges from 0-40% (mean 15%).


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Rounded shape lake (area 311 ha) with flat shores. Raised bog at South coast. A lake with plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex. Surrounding forest contain relatively high proportion of old stands: 5-50% (average 20%).


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Long narrow lake (area 84.9 ha) with three islands overgrown with deciduous woodland. Large Grey heron colony is situated on one of them. White Stork colony is situated on the trees of old park at the East end of the lake.


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Valley of River Salaca from Mazsalaca to falling into Gulf of Riga. The site includes also Saulkalne forest tract and Karatere gravel quarries. The valley of the river is deep, unregulated with Devon sandstone outcrops with caves on shores. The caves are important as wintering sites for several bat species. On slopes and terraces of the valley Spruce - broad leaved forests occur as well as extensively managed meadows. Near town Mazsalaca mostly old pine forest dominates.


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Two lakes Dzilezers un Riebezers in a subglacial depression. The lakes are separated by long, narrow peninsulas. Dzilezers is among the deepest lakes in Latvia. East coast of the lakes are overgrown with Ash forest.


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Very hilly area with numerous streems and creaks. In depressions fen areas. Large raised bog (Madiesenu) with surrounding fen areas lies in the North. The bog is quite open with lake labirinths and mineral land peninsulas covered with forest (deciduous and pine). The bog is crossed by River Briede which formes a valley. Large forest tract surrounds the bog. The percentage of old tree stands is high: on average 30% (0-80% in different parts). Unfortunately, it is planned to cut most of these stands. Two lakes - Augstrozes Lielezers and Mazezers - are situated in the southern and south-eastern edges of the bog. Diverse forest types, including broad-leaved forests. The territory is crossed by Limbazi-Valmiera road with inhabited areas around it. Apart rare and threatened bird species, a gull colonies (Larus canus, Larus argentatus), have been recorded. Thousands of geese occur during migrations. Breeding of Wigeon Anas penelope has been recorded.


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Raised bog very rich in pools and lakes. Many land peninsulas covered with forests. One large lake. Pristinity of the bog is partly due to inaccessibility from major roads and human settlements. The bog is surrounded by wet forests (swamps), partly meliorated. In these forests a breeding of rare bird species as Anthus cervinus, Luscinia svecica and Fringilla montifringilla has been recorded. The proportion of old tree stands is about 15%.


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Very original open concentric raised bog. There is a pool complex in the central part which is surrounded with numerous withered pine trees. The bog is surrounded by forests (less than 5% of the site's area) and agricultural land. The proportion of old stands in the forest area is low: 0-20% (average about 10%). Apart threatened bird species also gull (Larus argentatus and Larus canus) colonies occur.


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Mainly open raised bog (area 780 ha), partly overgrown by small pine trees. Large pool-lake complex. The bog is surrounded by coniferous and mixed woodlands. Proportion of old stands in surrounding forests is 5-40% (average 15%). Apart threatened and rare bird species, there also breed Larus argentatus (3-4 pairs), Larus canus (8-10 pairs), Vanellus vanellus.


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Typical raised bog ( area 704 ha) with numerous lakes in north-eastern part. Western part of the bog is narrow and prolonged, eastern part is round; they both are separated by old railroad embankment which is now used as educational nature track. Surrounding forests are dominated by rich spruce and aspen forests. There is a quite high proportion of old forest stands: 0-65% (average 20%), however, it is planned to cut a part of these stands. Larus argentatus and Larus canus breeding colonies occur in the lake area.


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Relatively small raised bog, at some places transitional fen. Complex of bog lakes in the central part. The bog is partly overgrown with small pine trees. Apart threatened species following species occur: Larus argentatus, Larus canus, Larus ridibundus, Anas crecca. The bog is surrounded of mainly mixed forest belt. The proportion of old stands in surrounding forests is low: 0-25% (average 10%).


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Eutrophic lake with plant species typical for Lobelia-Isoetes complex. On the East coast coniferous forests on sandy soil and raised and transitional bog elsewhere around. Important character of the site is close proximity of waste disposal site of Limbazi town: there are numerous gulls and corvids visiting the landfill and therefore crossing the site. This, apparently determined the presence of breeding Eagle Owl.


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Shallow (max depth 1.5 m, area 135.6 ha), eutrophic lake very rich in emergent vegetation (Phragmites, Typha etc.) River Svetupe starts from the North end; this place is the most overgrown as well. The lake is surrounded by agricultural lands and abandoned meadows. The lake lies close to the town Limbazi (South end).


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The terrestrial part of the territory lies in the Maritime lowland. This coastal area is flat without steep abrasion coasts. Wide dune systems, mouths of small rivers and creeks, coastal lagoons and small glo-lakes - rather ponds- the remains of old lagoons whose descent to the sea was closed by sediment (sand) accumulation on the coast. The water exchange in these water bodies happen only during very strong storms; mainly in autumn. Therefore these bodies are eutrophic and permanently overgrowing. All habitats are of natural origin. Basic material of the soil is sand with sea algae deposits. Occasionally thin layer of turf on the soil surface appears. Due to accumulations of sand at the coast, the sea is receding. Only locally in shores adjacent to the breakwaters a washing off of coast is recorded. Coastal habitats are periodically affected and transformed by strong storms. The bottom of the marine area is covered with sand and stones. Ocassionally gravel bottom with sandy patches. On stony bottoms blue mussel cenoses dominate, stands of Furcellaria fastigata and Polysiphonia nigrescens provides good spawning sites for herring.


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Large prolonged raised bog which was drained long time ago. More than 6 mineral land islands and peninsulas, larger lake (Rajevkas) in the northern part. The bog is surrounded by wet pine and pine-birch forest with several rapid streams (partly regulated), wet meadows and fens in the pheriphery. The percentage of old tree stands in surrounding forests is about 10%. However, it is planned to cut most of these stands.


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One of the largest range of hills in Latvia (length 15 km, absolute height 50-55 m). Slopes are overgrown with forest, mainly dominated by pine. The proportion of old tree stands is low - about 10%. At the range's foot transitional fen area lies with calcareous plant communities uncharacteristic for Eastern Latvia. The fen area is surrounded by rich swamp forest region. One larger lake (Numernes) lies in this territory, too.


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Transitional fen (area 2150 ha, fen 200 ha) mainly overgrown with reeds, small birch trees, osiers. The fen has several mineral land islands and peninsulas overgrown with pine-spruce and spruce forest with aspen admixture. Large undisturbed swamp forests lie in the East.


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Raised bog (325 ha) with small fen areas and several small lakes, surrounded by swamp pine forests. The proportion of old tree stands is 10% on average.


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Deep freshwater lake with fen are at the coast. Large Typha and Phragmites growths in the western part.


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The site consists of three parts. More than 10 lakes of different types lie in the area. The largest (Plusons) has large reedbed areas. Lake Istra has forested islands with Grey Heron colony in one of them. The landscape of the area is undulating with large forest tract in the East. Dry pine forests are common on hills but small raised bogs and fens occur in the gullies. The percentage of old tree stands ranges from 0-30% (average 15%).


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One of the largest hill ranges in Latvia: about 20m high and 6 km long. There are long narrow lakes lying on both sides of the range in SW. This part is covered mainly by pine forest. The proportion of old tree stands here is about 50%. On the NE part mostly mixed forests with spruce dominance occur.


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Large area of raised bog with adjoining forests on the Latvian-Russian State border, major part of the bog is in Russia. Hardly affected by human activities. The bog is comparatively open with many small lakes and one larger lake Pitelis. Surrounding wet forests are mixed (Pinus, Betula, Alnus), some are more than 100 years old but mostly young stands dominate.


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Tract of four raised bogs, transitional bogs and fens in the southern end of Lubana wetland complex. The individual areas of the bogs are: Malmutas-Zamaru 2397 ha; Sulagala 1900 ha, Lubana 1966 ha, Idenu 2145 ha. The bogs are separated by the rivers; the largest are Malmuta and Sulka. Surrounding areas include lake Lubana and fish-ponds in the North, and agricultural lands in the South.


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Two small lakes Kapu (5.4 ha) and Visagala (8.1 ha) and their surroundings. Both lakes are connected with 20 m long channel. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex.


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Lake (area 60 ha) with plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex.


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The valley of River Arona from Ruskuli to falling into Aiviekste. River with great incline (36.1 m on 1 km). Deep valley in about 20 km length with many lateral ravines overgrown with old mixed and deciduous forests. Surroundings are mainly agricultural lands, schrub; floodplain meadows appear as well. Bottom of the rives is sandy or stony, shores quite inhabited.


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Undulating area formed by one of the greatest accumulation of mounts in Latvia. Diverse forest types: on mount slopes various mixed, coniferous forests; in depressions swamps, small raised bogs, fens and transitional bogs. Occasionally dry and wet meadows occur. There are several small lakes with freshwater lime deposits on shores.


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The lake lies in Vidzeme elevation. Shores are mostly flat, occupied by agricultural lans, forest and Jumurdas village in the West. About 5 islands covered with forest. The largest one has almost pure Lime forest. A colony of Grey Heron is situated on the same island. The bottom of the lake is rough and muddy. Coasts are sandy or pebbly. Covered by emergent vegetation for about 5%.


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The site consists of two separate parts: protected area of 220 ha lies about 4 km North from the main (4500 ha) area. Wet and moderately wet forests, at some sites 100-200 years old oak stands with admixture of Lime, Ash-tree, Black Alder, Elm. Many clearings between forest tracts. Average proportion of old tree stands is high - about 30%, however, it is planned to cut most of these stands. Floodlands of River Pededze with wet meadows and fens. Rare lichen species: Lobaria pulmonaria, Cetrelia cetrarioides. Isolated breeding population of Dendrocopos medius. Rare beetle species which characterise old primary forest: Ampedus elegantulus, A. erythrogonus, A. sanguinolentus, A. pomorom.


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Natural stand of old oaks with admixture of Black Alder in a good condition.


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Deep lake (max depth 14m, area 407 ha) with steep banks, shoreline is very curved with many bays and three islands. Old, almost unchanged Spruce forest with admixture of Ash, Lime, Elm and Oak has remained on islands. Old Spruce forest grows also on shores, penninsulas and steep slopes.


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River Nega and surrounding forests from Azukalni to Tiltsargi. River Nega is left-side tributary of River Daugava. It's valley is very forested with some floodplain meadow and swamp forest areas. Forests are mainly Spruce, mixed Spruce, Black Alder and Birch stands. Occasionally small overgrown lakes (Linu) occur, now transformed into raised bog. The river is not regulated with numerous beaver ponds. The valley in spring is normally flooded.


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A complex of three small raised bogs (Verenes 480 ha, Gulbju 397 ha, Sivenicas). The bogs are quite open with several small lakes in the central parts. Forest belts between bogs are mainly pine swamps, occasionally mixed forests with Aspen dominance.


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Large, shallow (max depth 2m) freshwater lake rich in emergent vegetation. Southern part of the lake is the most overgrown with extensive reedbeds.


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Rounded-shape lake with 3 islands situated close to the range of hills. Fen and transitional fen on coasts with reedbeds and wet Birch swamps. Part of Pecoru bog which is mainly raised bog. Surrounding forests are mainly Spruce-Pine with admixture of deciduous species, mostly Oak.


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Valley of River Ogre with oxbows and steep banks. Mostly deciduous and Spruce forests dominate with some dry meadows. On left shore almost pure elm stands occur. On right shore wet old mixed forests.


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Large open raised bog (area 1113 ha) almost without forest belt around. Numerous pools and small lakes occur.


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Large raised bog with groups of small dead pine-trees, fen areas along the river flowing through, small bog lakes, several mineral land islands. The bog (mainly in the North) borders with wet deciduous or mixed forests. Part of the bog (about a half) has been used for peat extraction. The breeding of Wigeon Anas penelope has been recorded.


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Large raised bog partly overgrown with small pine-trees. Surrounded by forests (about 15% of old tree stands) and one larger lake (Garlaku) in the southern part. The lake is partly overgrown with reeds.


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Raised bog with larger lake in the middle. Southern part of the bog is mostly overgrown with small pine trees, northern and central part more open. Pools and smaller bog lakes are not present.


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Lake Ciriss (area 418 ha) and Lake Ruskulu (area 12 ha) lying in undulating landscape, surrounded by agricultural lands, meadows, fens and transitional fens. The lake has 8 islands overgrown with mixed and secondary deciduous forest. Numerous bays of different size. Largest islands are Upuru, Osu and Liepu islands. Several smaller lakes and ponds lie in surroundings. Ichtiological survey of the lake revealed following species: Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Alburnus alburnus, Gobio gobio, Stizostedion lucioperca, Perca fluviatilis, Gymnocephalus cerna, Cobitis taenia, Anguilla anguilla, Astacus astacus.


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The eigth largest lake in Latvia (area 2373 ha). Deep eutrophic lake with narrow reed belt (10-50 m wide) in coastal zone, with 18 islands and peninsulas overgrown with forest and very curved coastline. Mostly broad-leaved forest grow on islands. The site include forests N from the lake and large forested penninsula. Percentage of old forest stands is low: 5% on average. Mainly dry pine forests occur here, in depressions mixed stands. Several small raised bogs occur as well. Due to coverage with forest, the islands are not convenient for nesting waterfowl.


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Open, quite dry raised bog (area 1860 ha). There was an attemption to drain the whole bog but some wet places with pools have still remained. The bog is surrounded by wet pine-deciduous forest. In the bog's pheriphery reedbeds and fen areas occur.


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Large fish-pond system separated from Lake Lubana with a dam in the West. In the North and East the ponds border with large forest and bog areas but in the South there is an urban peninsula with human settlements and agricultural land. The water level here is regulated with sluices, main fish bred is carp. Each year numerous ponds are left without water so providing excellent wader feeding and breeding habitats. Some ponds have reedbeds and artificial islands raised for breeding waterfowl attraction.


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Large water body surrounded by dams. The water level in the lake was raised some decades ago. There are a lot of dead schrub in the coastal areas, few islands with cormorant and heron colonies and extensive reedbeds.


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Relatively small, partly overgrown lake. Emergent vegetation has mosaique distribution thus attracting a variety of gulls and waterfowl. Breeding birds include Black-headed Gull, Common Gull, Common Tern, Moorhen, Coot, Tufted Duck, Pochard, Mallard, Garganey, Tufted Duck. The lake is surrounded by wide belt of fen area.


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Small freshwater lake lying in lake area of Latgale elevation. Area is 29.2 ha. Coasts are overgrown with forest with some patches of agricultural land near farms. The belt of emergent vegetation is narrow.


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The largest freshwater lake in Latvia. Western part has numerous overgrown bays and islands. Coastal parts of the lake has large reedbed areas. The lake is surrounded mainly by urban agricultural landscape with several large tourist centres. The site includes also Lake Zosnas, connected with Lakes Razna and lying West from it. Lake Zosnas is overgrowing, rich in emergent vegetation. Several tern colonies lie here. Ichtiological survey in 1996 revealed following species: Coregonus lavaretus, Coregonus albula, Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Tinca tinca, Alburnus alburnus, Leucaspius delineatus, Perca fluviatilis, Gymnocephalus cerna, Lota lota, Anguilla anguilla, Noemacheilus barbatulus, Osmerus eperlanus (1990).


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One large (Salajs) and few smaller freshwater lake in a one of a few larger forest tracts in Latgale Elevation. The lake Salajs has curved coastline, 8 islands (one of them with Osprey's nest). The water translucence is high; belt of emergent vegetation - narrow. The forests include old genethically valuable pine stands. As the area is undulating dry pine and pine-spruce forests occur mainly on sandy dunes; in gullies (depressions) swamp forests, fens and small overgrowing lakes. Sourrounded by region with traditional extensive land management.


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The bog is very open and therefore provides a remarkable diversity of bog birds. It has several dune-like mineral land islands overgrown mainly with pine forest and 5 larger lakes. The bog is surrounded by mostly agricultural plains, small forest patches and River Ica with it's floodplain meadows in the North.


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River mouth rich in sand accumulations and islands, large reedbeds with many open water spots, grazed or mown brackish meadows. Most of the islands are sandy occasionally overgrown with tall grass and schrub. Sea port lies very close to the territory. Breeding birds include also Black-headed Gull colonies with typical satellite species (variety of ducks, grebes, coot).


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Artificially created wetland. Dry, wet and muddy saltmarsh areas partly covered with schrub and reeds, with several overgrowing ponds, wide dunes and sandy beach. The site actually lies within a Riga City therefore antropogenic impact is very high. Breeding birds include also colonies of Black-headed Gulls with characteristic satellite species (ducks,waders,grebes).


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One of the largest raised bogs in Latvia in past (former area 10628 ha) but due to intensive peat extraction industry only small part has remained in the northern part (the southern part is completely destroyed). The bog is extremely rich in small lakes forming aggregations of different size and form. Transitional bog belt in central part. The bog is partly surrounded by mixed forests forming peninsulas.


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Range of mutually connected narrow and prolonged forest lakes in extensive dune area between two rivers Gauja and Lilaste. The relief is very undulating with dunes up to 20 m high. Numerous sandy forest gaps overgrown almost exclusively with lichens. The dunes are mostly covered with dry pine forest. In depressions wet pine-birch or black alder swamp forests.In the lakes plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are recorded. Excellent potential record site for Roller Coracias garrulus. Ichtiological survey in the lake revealed following species: Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Tinca tinca, Carassius carassius, Perca fluviatilis, Gymnocephalus cerna.


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Two lakes and their surroundings. The largest Slokas lake has reedbed belts especially in West side and drained raised bog on South shore. North shore is overgrown with forest. Most valuable woods - Black Alder swamps and wet Ash forests - lie on SW coast. Among the most important habitats in surroundings of both lakes also are muddy floodplain meadows, fens and transitional fens. Ichtiological survey of the site revealed following species: Esox lucius, Abramis brama, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythropthalmus, Tinca tinca, Carassius carassius, Carassiusansatus gibolia, Alburnus alburnus, Leucaspius delineatus, Perca fluviatilis, Leuciscus ideus, Gymnocephalus cerna, Misgurnus fossilis, Gasterostens aculeatus.


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Forest tract around Kudra village. Wet Black Alder and Birch forests are mixed with stands with Oak dominance, abandoned pastures and clearings mostly overgrown with schrub. Maintenance of these habitats was stimulated by beaver activities.


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Two connected lakes (Lielais Jugezers 35.5 ha, Mazais Jugezers 3.3 ha) in wet depression in centre of large pine forest tract. There are several smaller forest lakes in the area, too. The lakes are strongly overgrown with reeds, there is a small raised bog area on East shore of Lielais Jugezers. Surrounding forests are mainly wet pine or birch swamps. The territory (mainly northern part) recently was used as military training area.


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Shallow, partly overgrown (Phragmites, Typha, Salix) oxbow of River Daugava which has been formed when Riga Hydroelectric Station was built. Breeding birds include also Black-headed Gull colony (ca 1000 pairs) with typical satellite species (ducks, grebes).


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Large bog and forest tract crossed by several small rivulets Incupe, Melnupe, Puska with unregulated tributaries and floodplain meadows. Dzelves-Krona raised bog (total area 1146 ha) has open part with numerous small lakes and pools. Peat extraction is launched in NE of the bog. Forests are mainly wet Birch and Pine woods, in dryer places and along rivers old mixed forests, occasionally Black Alder swamps. In the South the territory borders with military training area. Breeding birds include also Herring Gull, Common Gull, Teal.


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Shallow, partly overgrown (Phragmites, Typha, Scirpus) lake which has formed from an oxbow of river Liela Jugla. Breeding birds also include colony of Black-headed Gull with typical satellite species (swans, ducks, grebes, coot).


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Large freshwater lake close to the Riga City. In some sites (mainly bays) rich in emergent vegetation where gull colonies occur. East coast has floodplain meadows rich in threatened and rare plant species. Coasts are quite inhabited but in some sites covered with forest (Pine forests and patches of mixed forest with Oak dominance).


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Valley of River Mergupe from Rozeni to Macitajmuiza. The river is 5-10 m wide with sand bottom, ocassionally boulders appear. The valley is overgrown with old forest: mainly mixed, however, pinus stands and deciduous (aspen) forests appear as well. Along shores beaver activities can be observed but ponds were not recorded. Several small rivers fall in Mergupe with impressive ravines.


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5 km long, 80 -100 m wide and up to 10 m high range of hills overgrown with forest. Rich Spruce and mixed forest occur mainly. Occasionally on slopes and on the top of the hills dry meadows have remained. Small raised bog Bullu aproach the territory in NW. Gravel pit borders with the territory in the West.


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28 km long range of hills (about 10 km included in the site). In the northern foot of range small overgrowing lakes, fens, transitional fens and one larger raised bog (Lielkangaru). Mostly Pine and Spruce forests grow on slopes with dry meadow areas. In depressions wet Pine - deciduous forest.


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Oxbow of River Daugava with larger peninsula and many bays overgrown with reeds and other water plants.Valuable complex of dry and floodland meadows in the peninsula. Breeding birds include also colonies of Black-headed Gull with typical satellite species (ducks, waders, grebes, coot).


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Large freshwater lake with 6 islands overgrown with old mixed or deciduos forest. Dominating species: Tilia, Pinus, Alnus, Betula. Ocassionally dry meadows occur. Quite extensive reedbeds around islands and shores. In spite of close proximity of human settlements, islands are not often visited by people.


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Diseutrophic lake in a narrow depression in centre of dry Pine forest tract. Bottom sandy, covered with mud. Plant species characteristic for Lobelia-Isoetes complex are found. Surrounding pine stands are of considerable age - excellent habitat for threatened Roller Coracias garrulus. Also Wood Pigeon Columbus oenas and Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris might occur in the territory.


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Eutrophic freshwater lake with partly artificial shoreline, some man-made islands for waterfowl, and rich emergent vegetation. Surrounded by farmland including wet meadows. Breeding birds include large colonies of Black-headed Gull (6000 pairs in 1990) with about 900 pairs of Coot, 100 pairs of Mute Swan, 100 pairs of Great Crested Grebe.


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Valley of Creek Lorupe from point Silini (100 000 ref map) to falling into River Gauja. River flows through deep canyon with lateral racines and entering creeks. Small size sandstone outcrops on shores. The canyon is crossed by railroad, highway, therefore there is quite high antropogenic impact. In the upper waters (not included in the site) river is crossed by dams forming several fish and mill ponds. Mostly old mixed and coniferous forest on valley slopes.


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Segment of River Gauja valley. The valley is deep and wide formed in devon bedrock. The valley depth is on average 40-50 m, but near the town Sigulda even 90 m. Numerous lateral creeks with impressive ravines. The river has mainly sand bottom, numerous islands and sand accumulations. The water quality is good (sometimes spoiled from Sigulda city) because many spring and creeks enter the valley. Slopes are predominantly covered with forest of different types. Dominating species are Spruce, Ash, Oak, Pine, Birch. In some sites rich broad-leaved deciduous forests. The proportion of old tree stands is high: 0-80% (on average 30%). Natural and improved meadows, extensive agricultural lands, oxbows and scattered human settlements are also present in the valley. The shores are mostly overgrown with bush.


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Lake rich in submerged vegetation (area 75 ha). Surrounding belt of water plants is 10-200 m wide. On the western coast swamp forests and wet meliorated meadows occur. The site is surrounded by agricultural landscape, single farms and villages. Apart of protected species following species are recorded at breeding: Anas querquedula, Anas platyrhynchos, Aythya ferina, Aythya fuligula, Gallinula chloropus, Fulica atra, Cygnus olor; possibly Larus argentatus.


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A very fragmented landscape: 2 artificially created pond groups, and agricultural land and forest areas between them. About 30 ponds of different size, their total area is about 650 ha. They all are separated by dams, land peninsulas or larger forest areas. The pond system, which is the most valuable part of the territory, has been artificially created on wet natural meadows by building dams. All rivers supporting the system are orientated to the Venta river basin. The water bodies have no sources of pollution except sites where fish feeding takes place where water quality becomes worse. Mean depth is 1m. Water level fluctuations due to system of dams are insignificant. There are large forest tracts and some agricultural lands among ponds. Main terrestrial vegetation types are mixed, also broad leaved, forests and improved (cultivated) meadows. The proportion of old tree stands is 15% on average. Apart rare and threatened bird species, following important species occur: Black-headed Gull ca 1000 pairs, Pochard ca 130 pairs, Honey Buzzard 3 pairs.


