# eu_horizontalInfo

actionPlans:
At the end of September 2017, the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Energy started with the implementation of the four – year project "Development of Management and Control System for the Invasive Alien Species" which is funded under the Operational Program for Competitiveness and Cohesion 2014-2020. The project includes, among other objectives, development of 2 action plans: Action Plan on the pathways of introduction of invasive alien species via secondary dispersal and Action Plan on the pathways of introduction of invasive alien species by transport.
The first action plan will cover, in accordance to the CAD pathways categorisation, two main categories of pathways - Corridor (5) and Unaided (6) and associated subcategories, while the second action plan will address pathways of introduction connected with transport – categories Contaminant (3) and Stowaway (4) and their sub-categories. The action plans will contain general information on IAS pathways of introduction concerned, their description, legislative framework and mechanisms for managing IAS pathways of introduction, foreseen common and specific measures for IAS pathways, time schedule, monitoring of the implementation of the action plan and cited literature. The structure and content of the actions plans follow the recommendations set out in Scalera (2015): Guidance for Governments Concerning Invasive Alien Species Pathways Action Plans. T-PVS/INF (2015) 24. and in some segments is further expanded.
Contracting of the action plans development is currently in the process and the implementation should start in the coming months. In the process of drafting action plans all relevant stakeholders will be included. The implementation of facilitated workshops will enable their immediate inclusion in the decision-making, exchange of experiences and ideas, strengthening their sense of ownership over the action plans and thus partnership for its implementation in the field.

costs:
There are currently two ongoing EU funded projects “Establishment of the National Monitoring System for Invasive Alien Species” (2017-2020) and “Development of Management and Control System for the Invasive Alien Species” (2017-2021), which focus on IAS in Croatia. Until now, two project activities of the project “Establishment of the National Monitoring System for Invasive Alien Species” have finished. Their total cost is 669.286,25 HRK: activity “Collection and analysis of data on alien species and IAS and development of methodology for mapping alien species and IAS” (195.536,25 HRK) and activity “Analysis of pathways of introduction and spread of alien species and IAS” (473.750,00 HRK). Other project activities of both projects are still in progress and information on the cost of those actions is not available.

controlSystem:
Provisions of the Article 15 of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 were fully transposed into Croatian national Act on the Prevention and Management of the Introduction and Spread of Alien and Invasive Alien Species (Official Gazette 15/18 and 14/19), which entered into force in February 2018. In accordance with the Act, transboundary movement of IAS of Union concern is allowed only through border crossing points designated for cross-border movements of goods subject to veterinary and phytosanitary checks. In order to prevent deliberate introduction into the Union and the Republic of Croatia, the competent authorities (authorised customs officers, nature protection inspectors, veterinary inspectors, phytosanitary inspectors, forestry inspectors, hunting inspectors, authorized police officers) verify whether goods or commodities entering the Union or Croatia from third countries are IAS of Union concern, contain one or are categories of goods falling within the Combined Nomenclature codes to which a reference is made in the Union list. If the goods are in contravention to the provisions of the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014, authorized police officer, official veterinary inspector or phytosanitary inspector responsible for the border inspection issue an order to return the goods to the third country of origin or to the place of loading, or to destruct the goods in the nearest establishment approved for that purpose. IAS of Union concern intended for the purposes referred to in Article 8(1) or Article 9(1) of the Regulation (EU) No. 1143/2014, which are imported from third counties, intended to be dispatched to another Member State, taken from another Member State into Croatia or moved within Croatia, are subject to the mandatory official control and must be accompanied by a valid permit of the Member State referred to in Article 8(1) or Article 9(1) and a relevant valid certificate issued by the competent authorities of a Member State (Article 8(6)). The person responsible for the consignment is obliged to present it for official control which includes mandatory documentary check and as appropriate identity and physical checks. The Act prescribes the same procedure for IAS that will be listed on „black list “of the Republic of Croatia. If the commodity is in contravention to the provisions of the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014, competent authorities act pursuant to regulations governing the scope of their work and competences. It is the obligation of the person who imports alien species into the Union or its owner to prove its taxonomic identity, as well as taxonomic identity of the categories of goods falling within the Combined Nomenclature codes to which a reference is made in the Union list. If identifying of alien species is required for the purpose of carrying out official controls, competent authorities shall require the expert body to submit a written opinion on the taxonomic identity of the species in question. The Ministry of Environment and Energy and the former Croatian Agency for the Environment and Nature organised in 2016 training on IAS of Union concern, their pathways of introduction and respective legislation. The purpose of the training was to strengthen cooperation between the institutions and officials responsible for enforcement, inland and border controls. Four workshops were held in capitals of the regions in Croatia and a total of 79 officials attended the seminars, out of which 66 customs officers, 6 veterinary border inspectors, 6 phytosanitary border inspectors and 1 employee of the Ministry of Agriculture, Veterinary and Food Safety Directorate. Additionally, by the Decree of the Minister of August 21st 2018, inter-ministerial Committee for Alien and Invasive Alien Species was established. This Committee consists of 14 members and their alternates, which are representatives of authorities responsible for the implementation of the Regulation (EU) No. 1143/2014 (nature conservation, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, hunting and veterinary sector and respective inspections, including representatives of customs administration and police). Contact list of all relevant authorities and expert institutions involved in the official controls for the prevention of the intentional introductions of IAS of Union concern into Croatia was put together. At the first session of the Committee, the internal rules of procedure were adopted on how the Committee works and takes decisions. Furthermore, Committee participates in the elaboration of guidelines and documents for effective implementation of the Regulation (EU) No. 1143/2014 and the national Act on IAS, preparation of management plans for invasive alien species, exchange of information and education of officers that take part in the enforcement of the Regulation.

surveillanceSystem:
In accordance with the national Act on the Prevention and Management of the Introduction and Spread of Alien and Invasive Alien Species (Official Gazette 15/18 and 14/19), the Ministry of Environment and Energy is responsible for the establishment and maintenance of national database on alien species and IAS. The Ministry and the public institutions for nature protection have already collected data on alien species through projects and field research on flora and fauna in Croatia. Through the ongoing EU funded project "Establishment of the National Monitoring System for Invasive Alien Species", all those data on alien species are being analyzed and systematized in the “Information System on Alien Species and IAS”, which is being developed as one of the modules of the Nature Protection Information System in Croatia (www.bioportal.hr). Furthermore, through this ongoing project, experts for alien species are collecting new field data on presence of alien and invasive alien species in the territory of Croatia. All those data on alien species (previously collected data and data from the field research in progress) will be part of the “Information System on Alien Species and IAS” and publicly accessed through the web portals www.invazivnevrste.hr and www.bioportal.hr/gis .
To record data on the occurrence of new, as well as already established alien species and IAS in Croatia, the Ministry has created an on-line form (http://www.invazivnevrste.hr/?page_id=56 ) and e-mail vrste@haop.hr.  This surveillance system allows all citizens and experts to send their occurrences on alien species and IAS in the real time, so the Ministry can get fast information on the appearance of the alien species in the environment. To include even more citizens in the surveillance of alien species, through the ongoing EU funded project “Establishment of the National Monitoring System for Invasive Alien Species”, mobile application for detections of alien species in Croatia will also be developed and promoted.

informPublic:
During reporting period public was continuously informed on issues regarding IAS. This includes articles on the web page on invasive species in Croatia www.invazivnevrste.hr about new occurrences of invasive species in Croatia, measures to be taken in order to prevent their spread, information about legislative framework on IAS at the EU and national level, reports on progress in projects regarding development of management and control system for IAS and establishment of national monitoring system for IAS in Croatia. 
Furthermore, in order to reach out to larger audience, general information on invasive alien species, legislation on alien and invasive aliens species, as well as management measures to tackle IAS problem in Croatia were presented during 2015 – 2018 in several TV and radio appearances. Articles on invasive alien species were published in newspapers, magazines and scientific journals.
https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=313083
https://www.voda.hr/sites/default/files/casopis/hr_vodoprivreda_217_web_0.pdf
https://www.voda.hr/sites/default/files/casopis/hr_vodoprivreda_225_web.pdf
The educational leaflet „Be the responsible pet owner“ was prepared and printed. Leaflet contains photos of invasive alien species which are often kept as pets and list of rules for owners in order to prevent the escape and release of exotic pets into nature. 
http://www.haop.hr/sites/default/files/uploads/specificni-dokumenti/publikacije/brosure/Letak_Budi_odgovoran_vlasnik_kucnog_ljubimca.pdf
In 2017, the Bern Convention Codes of Conduct on IAS were translated into Croatian: “European Code of Conduct on Pets and IAS (2011)”, “European Code of Conduct for Botanic Gardens on Invasive Alien Species (2012)”, “European Code of Conduct on Zoological Gardens and Aquaria and IAS (2012)”, “European Code of Conduct on Hunting and IAS (2013)” and “European Code of Conduct on Recreational Fishing and IAS (2014)”. They are available at the link: http://www.invazivnevrste.hr/?page_id=1452.
Project "Development of Management and Control System for the Invasive Alien Species" is funded under the Operational Program for Competitiveness and Cohesion 2014-2020. At the initial conference of the project, held on June 27th 2018, the Ministry of Environment and Energy presented to the 66 participants from the public and private sector the activities that are planned in the scope of the project and issues regarding management and control of IAS in Croatia in general. The presentations and leaflet with the information on project activities were subsequently sent to the participants via email. 
https://www.mzoe.hr/hr/ministarstvo/vijesti/odrzana-konferencija-o-invazivnim-stranim-vrstama.html
On the 2nd Croatian Symposium on Invasive Species in 2016, the Croatian Agency for the Environment and Nature presented the EU regulation on IAS: “EU regulation on invasive alien species – Croatian perspective”.
On the 3rd Croatian Symposium on Invasive Species in 2018,the Ministry of Environment and Energy presented current legislative framework on alien and invasive alien species in Croatia and activities of the above mentioned project "Developing a system of management and control of invasive alien species” and the Croatian Agency for the Environment and Nature presented the EU funded project: “Establishment of the National Monitoring System for Invasive Alien Species”.  
http://www.ekolosko-drustvo.hr/3CSIS.html
Every year on the International Day of Biodiversity and Nature Protection Day in the Republic of Croatia, the Ministry of Environment and Energy, the Croatian Agency for Environment and Nature and the Public Institution Maksimir organize an educational - entertainment program named Biodiversity Day.
As a part of the event, numerous workshops, interactive games and outdoor exhibitions are held. Among others, educational tour “Invasion in Maksimir” gives an opportunity for a broader public to learn more about IAS in their vicinity, their impact on biodiversity, human health and economy and how to prevent their spread.


actionPlans:
Seven plans were developed for eleven priority pathways and wait for discussion with major stakeholders previous to final approval.

costs:
Besides the costs involved in the implementation of the several projects tackling different invasive alien species, an open tender was launched, in 2017, for the preparation of a study on prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species, which main goal was the comprehensive analysis of pathways of introduction and spread of invasive alien species and the development of a plan or plans to address those pathways. The total value for this study was of 275,000 euros from which only 21,500 euros were spent during the period under report (2nd semester 2018).

controlSystem:
1 - When the presence of live specimens or viable propagules of species included on the National List of Invasive Species (that automatically includes all the invasive alien species of the Union list) is detected in goods presented for inspection at veterinary or phytosanitary Border Inspection Posts (BIPs), the same are rejected by the veterinary or phytosanitary authority and its importer or representative is notified to decide, within no more than 48 hours, whether the specimens concerned are to be destroyed or returned to their country of origin.
2 - Within the scope of their attributions, the customs authorities are responsible for, both in harbour passenger terminals and airport terminals, to carry out controls with a view to detect the presence of live plants or animals of alien species and, if detected, to communicate this fact to the competent authorities which will identify them and, in the case of specimens of species included on the National List of Invasive Species, determine its rejection, being the owner notified to decide, within a period of no more than 48 hours, whether the specimens in question are to be destroyed or returned to the country of origin.
3 - When detected in goods presented for inspection at the BIPs, the accidental presence, as stowaways or contaminants, of live specimens or viable propagules of alien species, the goods are retained by the competent authorities, who shall proceed to its identification and, in the case of specimens of species included on the National List of Invasive Species, they will reject the goods in question and notify the importer or representative to decide, within a period of no more than 48 hours, whether the goods are to be destroyed or returned to the country of origin or, if it is guaranteed that those goods are free from the detected stowaway specimens or contaminants and its viable propagules, just cleaned and disinfected.
4 - When, during the respective customs clearance controls, the customs authorities detect in the goods subject to verification the presence of live specimens or viable propagules suspected to be of alien species which have not been submitted to a BIP, the customs authorities shall suspend the release of the products and communicate this to the competent authorities, who will identify them and, in the case of specimens of species included in the National List of Invasive List of Invasive Species, determine the rejection of the goods in question, and the importer or representative is notified to decide, within a period not exceeding 48 hours, if the specimens in question are to be destroyed or returned to the country of origin.
5 - The competent authority shall communicate to customs the decision of the importer of the goods or holder of the specimens and, depending on the decision, is responsible, jointly with the customs authorities, for the execution and supervision of the destruction or euthanasia of the specimens, for the cleaning and disinfection or destruction of the goods, or for the return of the specimens or the goods in question to the country of origin.
6 - The costs resulting from the stay, euthanasia, destruction, reshipment, cleaning, disinfection or other measures for the elimination of the specimens found or their propagules thereof, shall be borne by the importer or representative of the goods or the holder of the specimens concerned.
7 - The provisions of the preceding paragraphs shall be without prejudice to the application of applicable European Union laws and regulations.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

surveillanceSystem:
ICNF, I. P., is responsible for developing, maintaining and operating a surveillance system for gathering and recording information on the occurrence of alien invasive species, with the aim of preventing their propagation.
The surveillance system includes a geographic information system on potential outbreaks of biological invasions and must manage and coordinate the information made available by the public and interested organisations and disseminate that information amongst the focal points of the alert network.
The geographic information system referred above shall be open to the public to ensure its participation in the alert network, and will be accessible through the electronic platform available on the ICNF, I. P., website (under construction). Such a system already exists for the Asian hornet (https://stopvespa.icnf.pt), managed by ICNF,I.P, and for plants (https://invasoras.pt/node/add/avistamento), managed by the Center for Functional Ecology (Coimbra University and Coimbra Superior School of Agriculture).
An alert network for the surveillance of alien invasive species, is to be created, for coordination and communication between the relevant authorities.
ICNF, I. P., is responsible for the implementation and the technical support necessary for the functioning of the alert network.
The alert network, coordinated by ICNF, I. P., comprises focal points designated by DGAV (national authority for veterinarian and phytosanitary issues – one for each area), AT (customs and excise authority), CITES management authority, regional authorities of the Azores and Madeira, National Republican Guard (GNR) and other entities of the Central Administration with competences on this issue. The network also comprises focal points designated by the stakeholders that raise/produce alien species used in agriculture and aquaculture.
It is the responsibility of the network focal points:
a) to promptly inform the alert network of any spread or accidental release, as well as the existence of new outbreaks or populations of invasive alien species and their identification, location, risks and extension;
b) to inform the alert network of the possibility of a rapid response with eradication and control actions.

Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

informPublic:
Besides the information on ICNF, I.P., and Invasoras PT websites, measures have been taken to inform the public based on projects to tackle invasive alien species.
ICNF, I.P.
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/patrinatur/especies/n-indig 
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/patrinatur/especies/n-indig/lista-eei-suscitam-preocupacao-ue 
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/patrinatur/especies/n-indig/inspect - INSPECT
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/patrinatur/especies/n-indig/xenop 
http://www2.icnf.pt/portal/pn/biodiversidade/patrinatur/especies/n-indig/vespa-asiatica-vespa-velutina/plano-de-acao 


Invasoras PT
https://invasoras.pt/pt/especies-invasoras-portugal - “Information and citizen- science platform on invasive plants in Portugal. Education, detection and action”
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/jacinto-de-%C3%A1gua-riscos-e-legisla%C3%A7%C3%A3o
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/modela%C3%A7%C3%A3o-ecol%C3%B3gica-de-plantas-invasoras
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/alerta-planta-potencialmente-invasora - salvínia (Salvinia molesta)
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/o-contributo-de-um-inform%C3%A1tico-para-uma-lista-de-esp%C3%A9cies-invasoras-e-de-risco-em-portugal-1%C2%AA-vers%C3%A3o
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/alerta-planta-potencialmente-invasora-0 - Baccharis spicata (vassoura-de-folha-estreita)
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/gest%C3%A3o-de-esp%C3%A9cies-invasoras-em-portugal-onde-estamos-e-para-onde-queremos-ir
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/rede-de-projectos-de-gest%C3%A3o-de-esp%C3%A9cies-invasoras
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/cuidados-ter-para-evitar-picadas-de-vespa-asi%C3%A1tica-ou-nativas
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/desafios-invasoraspt-201718
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/fogo-e-plantas-invasoras
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/novas-fichas-de-plantas-invasoras - Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss (elódea-africana)
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/ctc-2018-22-28-julho-na-serra-do-ger%C3%AAs - Campos de Trabalho Científico sobre Controlo de Plantas Invasoras (CTC) CTC 2018 - 22 a 28 julho na Serra do Gerês
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/cidad%C3%A3os-recolhem-informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o-sobre-invasoras Ciência cidadã
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/mais-de-15000-registos-de-plantas-invasoras-no-mapa-avistamentos
	https://invasoras.pt/pt/desafios-invasoraspt-20182019 Ciência cidadã

Projects
https://ce3c.ciencias.ulisboa.pt/research/projects/ver.php?id=32 - Xenopus laevis Eradication Plan in Oeiras Municipality Streams
http://www.lifeinvasaqua.com/en/ - LIFE INVASAQUA - “Aquatic invasive alien species of freshwater and estuarine systems: Awareness and prevention in the Iberian Peninsula” (LIFE17 GIE / ES / 000515)
http://www.invasep.eu/invasep_eng/index.php - LIFE INVASEP - “Combat invasive species in the Tajo and Guadiana drainage basins in the Iberian Peninsula” (LIFE/NAT/ES/000582) 
http://stopcortaderia.org/language/en/stop-cortaderia-en/ - LIFE + STOP CORTADERIA – “Urgent measures for controlling the spread of Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana) in Atlantic area”
https://www.fmb.pt/bright/ - “Buçaco Forest Foundation”
https://www.lifeazoresnatura.eu - LIFE17 IPE/PT/000010 - LIFE-IP AZORES NATURA


actionPlans:
Projekty planów działań zostały opracowane, nie zostały jeszcze jednak zatwierdzone. Poniżej określone drogi priorytetowe i przykładowe gatunki, które są nimi przenoszone, pochodzą z projektów planów działań, będą więc wymagać jeszcze oficjalnego zatwierdzenia przez odpowiednie organy krajowe.

costs:
Projekt GDOŚ „Opracowanie zasad kontroli i zwalczania inwazyjnych gatunków obcych wraz z przeprowadzeniem pilotażowych działań i edukacją społeczną” realizowany w latach 2016-2021 ma na celu wdrożenie rozporządzenia nr 1143/2014. Projekt współfinansowany jest przez Unię Europejską ze środków Funduszu Spójności w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Infrastruktura i Środowisko 2014-2020, Oś priorytetowa II „Ochrona środowiska, w tym adaptacja do zmian klimatu”, Działanie 2.4 „Ochrona przyrody i edukacja ekologiczna”. Wartość projektu to 20 000 000 zł, w tym kwota dofinansowania z Unii Europejskiej to 17 000 000 zł. Strona projektu: http://projekty.gdos.gov.pl/igo.
W ramach projektu zrealizowane zostały w latach 2016-2018 następujące zadania:
- przeprowadzenie analizy dróg niezamierzonego wprowadzania lub rozprzestrzeniania się inwazyjnych gatunków obcych;
- opracowanie planów działania dotyczących priorytetowych dróg przedostawania się inwazyjnych gatunków obcych;
- stworzenie centralnego rejestru inwazyjnych gatunków obcych (systemu nadzoru);
- ocena stopnia inwazyjności i stopnia rozprzestrzenienia gatunku;
- określenie sposobu postępowania z gatunkiem;
- opracowanie mapy występowania gatunku na terenie Polski, mapy zasięgu gatunku w Polsce oraz mapa występowania gatunku w krajach Europy;
- opracowanie kart informacyjnych zawierających syntetyczną charakterystykę gatunku, a także informacje dotyczące działań zaradczych podejmowanych wobec gatunku.

controlSystem:
Obecnie stosowane są dotychczasowe przepisy prawa. Zgodnie z art. 54 ust. 2 pkt 11 ustawy z dnia 16 listopada 2016 r. o Krajowej Administracji Skarbowej (Dz. U. z 2019 r. poz. 768 z późn. zm.), kontroli celno-skarbowej podlega wywóz i przywóz na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej towarów podlegających ograniczeniom lub zakazom. Wobec tego służby celno-skarbowe dokonują także kontroli urzędowych, o których mowa w art. 15 ust. 2 rozporządzenia 1143/2014. 
Ponadto zgodnie z art. 22 ust. 1 pkt 1 ustawy z dnia 18 grudnia 2003 r. o ochronie roślin (Dz. U. z 2017 r. poz. 2138 z późn. zm.) wprowadzane z państw trzecich na terytorium Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej rośliny, produkty roślinne lub przedmioty są poddawane każdorazowo granicznej kontroli fitosanitarnej, jeżeli istnieje obowiązek zaopatrzenia ich w świadectwo fitosanitarne lub inne wymagane dokumenty lub oznakowania. Ponadto zgodnie z art. 4 ustawy z dnia 27 sierpnia 2003 r. o weterynaryjnej kontroli granicznej (Dz. U. z 2019 r. poz. 260) każdą przesyłkę produktów lub przesyłkę zwierząt wprowadzaną z państw trzecich poddaje się weterynaryjnej kontroli granicznej przeprowadzanej przez urzędowego lekarza weterynarii w granicznym posterunku kontroli przejścia granicznego. 
W trakcie prac legislacyjnych znajduje się projekt ustawy o gatunkach obcych, który doprecyzuje przepisy w tym zakresie.

surveillanceSystem:
W ramach projektu GDOŚ „Opracowanie zasad kontroli i zwalczania inwazyjnych gatunków obcych wraz z przeprowadzeniem pilotażowych działań i edukacją społeczną”, zebrano dostępne informacje na temat rozmieszczenia inwazyjnych gatunków obcych stwarzających zagrożenie dla UE oraz inwazyjnych gatunków obcych stwarzających zagrożenie dla PL. Baza jest udostępniona w serwisie internetowym GDOŚ (http://geoserwis.gdos.gov.pl - dane przestrzenne i http://projekty.gdos.gov.pl/inwazyjne-gatunki-obce - dane opisowe).
W trakcie prac legislacyjnych znajduje się projekt ustawy o gatunkach obcych, który doprecyzuje przepisy w tym zakresie.

informPublic:
W ramach projektu GDOŚ „Opracowanie zasad kontroli i zwalczania inwazyjnych gatunków obcych wraz z przeprowadzeniem pilotażowych działań i edukacją społeczną”, zebrano dostępne informacje na temat inwazyjnych gatunków obcych stwarzających zagrożenie dla UE oraz inwazyjnych gatunków obcych stwarzających zagrożenie dla PL.
Na stronie http://projekty.gdos.gov.pl/inwazyjne-gatunki-obce dostępna jest dla każdego gatunku m.in.:
- ocena stopnia inwazyjności i stopnia rozprzestrzenienia gatunku,
- mapa występowania na terenie Polski, mapa zasięgu gatunku w Polsce oraz mapa występowania gatunku w krajach Europy,
- karta informacyjna zawierająca syntetyczną charakterystykę gatunku, a także informacje dotyczące działań zaradczych podejmowanych wobec gatunku.
W trakcie prac legislacyjnych znajduje się projekt ustawy o gatunkach obcych, który doprecyzuje przepisy w zakresie praw i obowiązkowych społeczeństwa w tym zakresie.


actionPlans:
Heracleum sosnowskyi: https://likumi.lv/ta/en/en/id/177513-regulations-regarding-restriction-of-the-distribution-of-invasive-alien-plant-species; https://likumi.lv/ta/en/en/id/179511-regulation-regarding-restricting-the-spread-of-the-invasive-alien-plant-species--heracleum-sosnowskyi-manden'; 
Perccottus glenii:  https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/Invaz_sugas_zivs_rotans_vadlinijas_apkarosanai.pdf. As an invasive species eradication Perccottus glenii is included in “The European pond turtle Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) species protection plan in Latvia” (2007)  https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/SAP_Purva-brunurupucis-08_LV.pdf and in “The European fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina (Linnaeus, 1761)  species protection plan in Latvia” https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/SAP_Ugunskrupis-06_LV.pdf ;
Trachemys scripta elegans has not Action plan, but as an invasive species eradication Trachemys scripta elegans is included in “The European pond turtle Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) species protection plan in Latvia” (2007)  https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/SAP_Purva-brunurupucis-08_LV.pdf and in “The European fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina (Linnaeus, 1761)  species protection plan in Latvia” https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/SAP_Ugunskrupis-06_LV.pdf

addInfo:
Management of Invasive Species in Latvia (for potentially invasive species and target sensitive species in Latvia): 
1) Research of distribution and ecology of potentially invasive species in Latvia (see attachment) and/or inclusion in existing monitoring systems; 
2) Research of distribution and ecology of target sensitive species in Latvia;
3) Recommendations on management of potentially invasive species;
4) Implementation of the results of conducted research and the recommendations in Species protections plans ( for example, measures to eradicate Perccottus glenii as an invasive species are included in Emys orbicularis and Bombina bombina SPP);
5) Recommendations on management of threatened populations of target sensitive species; 
6) Practical implementation: 
6.1. Plants: land owner implements eradication measures, municipalities controls and coordinates eradication measures, if land owner is not implementing eradication measures, and State Plant Protection Service supervises the whole process and conducts monitoring; 
6.2. Herpetofauna: 
6.2.1. passive management: creation of habitats for threatened target species populations with no invasive species and hindered ways for invasion (special ponds; barriers etc.); 
6.2.2. active management: removing from wild (in cooperation with locals); 
6.2.3. preventive active management: removing from pet-owners; 
6.2.4. preventive educational management: education of people, specialists and stakeholders (TV, articles, seminars etc.);
7) Monitoring

costs:
http://www.vaad.gov.lv/sakums/informacija-sabiedribai/par-latviju-bez-latvaniem.aspx. Regarding eradication costs vary by method and municipality depending on site conditions and competition between service providers. Complete costs of implementation of regulation has not been calculated.

surveillanceSystem:
Heracleum sosnowskyi- https://likumi.lv/ta/en/en/id/179511-regulation-regarding-restricting-the-spread-of-the-invasive-alien-plant-species--heracleum-sosnowskyi-manden;
Perccottus glenii-https://www.daba.gov.lv/upload/File/DOC/Invaz_sugas_zivs_rotans_vadlinijas_apkarosanai.pdf. - is not legally binding but provides guidelines and recommendations

weblinkPermits:
https://www.daba.gov.lv/public/lat/dati1/invazivas_sugas/; http://www.vaad.gov.lv/sakums/informacija-sabiedribai/par-latviju-bez-latvaniem.aspx- Permits are not issuded


costs:
Il est impossible d'identifier le coût de l'action concernant les espèces réglementées au titre du règlement 1143/2014 avec précision, pour les raisons suivantes :
- les actions de lutte sont menées et/ou financées par de nombreux acteurs locaux, de nature différente (associations de protection de la nature, fédérations d'usagers (pêcheurs, chasseurs), établissements publics, agents de collectivités territoriales, gestionnaires d'espaces naturels, entreprises de travaux publics, ...),
- le coût total de l'action recouvre des postes variés : salaires des agents, matériel, logistique, ...
- les actions de gestion peuvent concerner d'autres espèces, considérées comme EEE mais non réglementées, ou bien être effectuées dans la cadre d'actions de restauration de milieux
L'identification fine des coûts de gestion entre les différentes structures impliquées varie selon leurs propres nomenclatures comptables; d'autre part il n'existe pas de structure au niveau régional chargée de compiler et de vérifier ces informations.

http://especes-exotiques-envahissantes.fr/

controlSystem:
Les contrôles des produits d'origine animale et végétale, au niveau des points d'entrée sur le territoire français (PIF, PED, PEC) relèvent du ministère de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation (https://agriculture.gouv.fr/importation-exportation-de-denrees-animales-et-vegetales). Les contrôles portent sur la détection de dangers sanitaires, mais également sur les espèces exotiques envahissantes réglementées au niveau français (arrêtés du 14 février 2018 relatifs à la prévention de l'introduction et de la propagation des espèces animales / végétales exotiques envahissantes sur le territoire métropolitain - ou arrêtés équivalents au niveau des RUP)

weblinkPermits:
Pas de site internet référençant les autorisations délivrées pour le moment.
https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr/

informPublic:
L'information du public s'effectue au moyen de plaquettes d'information : plaquettes orientées sur la réglementation, auprès des particuliers, parcs zoologiques et établissements à vocation commerciale, et plaquettes présentant des espèces de manière spécifique. (Cf fichiers ci-dessous). Des sites internet, au niveau national, sont également disponibles :
- centre de ressources national sur les EEE (informations sur les espèces, les actions de gestion, la réglementation...) : http://especes-exotiques-envahissantes.fr/
- site de la faune introduite en France, avec possibilité de lien vers les systèmes de données sur la biodiversité, et signalement des espèces rencontrées en milieu naturel : http://eee.mnhn.fr/
- site de l'Office national de la Chasse et de la Faune sauvage, avec présentation des espèces (mammifères, oiseaux) : http://www.oncfs.gouv.fr/Recherches-sur-les-especes-exotiques-envahissantes-ru509
- site du ministère de la transition écologique et solidaire, avec présentation de la stratégie nationale française : https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr/especes-exotiques-envahissantes

Il existe de nombreux autres sites au niveau local, réalisés par des structures impliquées dans la lutte contre les EEE (associations, collectivités territoriales, ...)
Exemples :
- Bassin Loire-Bretagne : http://centrederessources-loirenature.com/reseau-especes-exotiques-envahissantes
- Parc naturel régional de Brière (Loire-Atlantique) : http://www.parc-naturel-briere.com/fr/leparc/un-territoire-dexception/ses-milieux-naturels-et-sa-biodiversite/la-flore-du-parc-naturel/la-flore-exotique-envahissante
- Groupe espèces invasives à La Réunion : https://www.especesinvasives.re/strategie-de-lutte/la-strategie-reunionnaise/


actionPlans:
Spain is working in developing its action plan on the pathways of invasive alien species. At the moment a comprehensive analysis has been carried out of the pathways of unintentional and intentional introduction and spread of invasive alien species of Union concern in its territory, as well as in its marine waters as defined in point (1) of Article 3 of Directive 2008/56/EC. The 'priority pathways' were identified and analyzed for every species of UE concern.

For the species of particular concern, some autonomous communities have their own plan of management that includes the pathways of entry. Some examples:

- Extremadura (Eichhornia crassipes)
https//www.chguadiana.es

- Galicia 
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/plan_estratexico_eei_Galicia.pdf
Vespa velutina
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Triptico_EEI_Galicia.pdf

- Catalonia
Alopochen aegyptiacus http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-despecies-catalogades/ocells/oca-egipcia/
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/ocells/DOC/Oca-egipcia.-Alopochen-aegyptiaca.pdf
Pennisetum setaceum
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Cua-de-rata.-Pennisetum_setaceum.pdf
Heracleum mantegazzianum
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Pampa-del-Caucas.-Heracleum_mantegazzianum.pdf
Impatiens glandulifera
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Balsamina-glandulifera.Impatiens-glandulifera.pdf
Lithobates (Rana) catesbeianus http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/amfibis/Granota-toro.-Lithobates-catesbeianus.pdf
Ludwigia peploides
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Ludwigia.pdf
Specific control measures have not been undertaken yet. All references seem to be of Ludwigia peploides, the presence of L. grandiflora it is not certain, experts study this possibility.  
Myocastor coypus in Catalonia, a plan of management and control was elaborated for this species. 
Orconectes limosus
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/crustacis/DOC/Cranc-dels-canals.-Orconectes-limosus.pdf
Pacifastacus leniusculus
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/crustacis/DOC/Cranc-senyal.-Pacifastacus-leniusculus.pdf
Parte de las actuaciones realizadas en Girona se engloban dentro del Proyecto LIFE Potamofauna. En la província de Barcelona las actuaciones las realiza principalmente la Asociación ADEFFA.
Procambarus clarkii
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/crustacis/DOC/Cranc-vermell.-Procambarus-clarkii.pdf
Pseudorasbora parva
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-despecies-catalogades/peixos/pseudorasbora/
Trachemys scripta
Myryophyllum aquaticum
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Volanti-de-Brasil.-Myriophyllum-aquaticum.pdf
http://gestio.mediambient.gencat.cat/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/2019-03-Eliminacio-Myriophyllum-aquaticum-MCO.pdf
After taking eradication measures and dewatering the reservoir, the organism is still present in the area of distribution.

costs:
Total estimates or calculations are not available but partial data corresponding to projects developed punctually by the competent administrations. Sometimes it was difficult to estimate the cost while they used their own means to deal with the impacts of IAS.

- Cantabria
Between 2012-2018, General Direction of Natural Environment inverted about 800.000 € on the management of different IAS (without counting their own means and the participation of other institutions).

- Valencian Community
The amount spent between 2015-2019 to deal with Ludwigia spp was around 35.556€ (half of it was spent on machinery). 
The cost of eradication of Eichhornia crassipes in the Valencian Community rounded 203.996 €, with the following breakdown: nucleus located in Castellón (84.744 €); Nucleus located in Valencia (144.416 €); Nucleus located in Alicante (4806 €), most of it was carried outside of the reporting period.
The efforts to eradicate Hydrocotyle vulgaris costed 14.470 € (from which 1.380 € corresponds to machinery). This eradication trial did not provide the expected results and the population recovered. Only 2.975 € were spent during the period of the report.
Myriophyllum aquaticum costed 30.362 € (of which 850 € was spent on jute biodegradable coverages) during 2013-2018. All the efforts during six years of interventions did not allow the eradication of the species but significantly reduced its occupied surface. Only 20.111 € from the total were spent during the reporting period.
Pennisetum setaceum: Since 2010, 465 work days have been devoted to the management of the populations of this species, with a cost of 55.500 €. During the period of the report, 161 work days were dedicated to the management of this grass, with a cost of € 19.159.
The cost of eradication efforts for Procyon lotor during the period of the report raises to 14.300 €.
The cost of the eradication methods for the control of Trachemys scripta populations during the period of the report amounts to 114,359 which corresponds to an effort of 961 work days.  From 2010 to 2018 a total of 6,770 work days have been devoted to the control of the populations of Trachemys scripta. The cost of all these works rounded 805.630 €

- La Rioja
For the IAS presented in La Rioja (including Pacifastacus leniusculus , Procambarus clarkii, Trachemys scripta and Vespa velutina), a database and cartography were elaborated that cost 15.000 € in 2017. The rest of the management measures are carried out with their own means.

- Galicia
Alternanthera philoxeroides:  “Commissioning for the application of measures for the management of flora and fauna with invasive behavior in Galicia, in the period 2016 - 2018. Lot 4.- Measures of early eradication of invasive alien species". 4.000 € have been allocated in 2017 and 2018 for the management of this species.
Eichhornia crassipes: All the management campaigns carried out in Galicia for this species have been carried out with personnel from the Department of Environment, Territory and Housing or from the Miño Sil Hydrographic Confederation, so there is no document with information on the cost of those actions. 
Procyon lotor: total cost from the approval of the EU Regulation rounded 42.018,58 €
     - Commissioning for the follow-up and rapid eradication of the raccoon Procyon lotor L. in habitats Natura 2000 Network and areas of the high natural value of the provinces of Lugo and A Coruña (21.500 €) 
     - Commissioning for the follow-up and rapid eradication of the raccoon Procyon lotor in the Baixa Limia e Serra do Xurés Natural Park (20.518,58 €).
For information and sensibilization campaigns on this matter: 
     - Information campaign on IAS issues - Lot 5 of the project "Application of measures for the management of invasive species of flora and fauna in Galicia, in the period 2016-2018" (8.603€).
     - Collaboration agreement between the Environmental Department, Territory and Housing of the Government of Galicia and the Association for the Ecological Defense of Galicia (ADEGA), in order to develop a program of education, outreach and environmental volunteering operational program. Within these works, the activities for sensibilization and education are quantified at 1.624 €.
Vespa velutina: The amount spent by the Department of the Environment, Land Planning and Housing of the Government of Galicia raised to: 
     2016:     374.632,20 €
     2017:     338.426,01 €
     2018:     368.329,50 € 
Ludwigia grandiflora in the frame of the Collaboration agreement between the Department of Environment, Territory and Housing of the Government of Galicia and the Association for the Ecological Defense of Galicia (ADEGA):
     - dissemination activities: 1.624,23 €
     - Eradication programs: EEI: 1.377,01 € (estimation for Ludwigia grandiflora: 459 €)
     - Coordination activities: 3.638 €

- Catalonia
Alopochen aegyptiacus 
A control programme has been undertaken with their own means. Not estimated.
Pennisetum setaceum: The management work developed in the Parc de la Serralada de Marina by Barcelona Provincial Council rounded 2.782€
Heracleum spp: the work amounted to 16.000 € not including the work developed by the Environmental agents.
Lithobates (Rana) catesbeianus: 52.500€ (2018-2019)
Procyon lotor: Own means; costs not estimated
Orconectes limosus: 10.000€ during the reporting period
http://gestio.mediambient.gencat.cat/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/crustacis/DOC/Memoria-Orconectes.pdf
Pascifastacus leniusculus: 74.476,76 Euros divided in control measures (57.476,76 €) and educational and sensibilization activities (17.000 €)
Procambarus clarkii: 73.388,76€ mainly for control measures.
Pseudorasbora parva: 2.511€ plus the control measures developed by the technicians of the Ebro Natural Park and volunteers.
Vespa velutina: Most of the work is covered by own means; some other actions developed during the reporting period at local level represented 4.054 €
Trachemys scripta: 112.000 € during the reporting period
Myriophillum aquaticum: 10.810,24 €

- Extremadura 
Eichhornia crassipes: the costs of control are estimated at 40.000.000 € for 14 years. During the reporting period, about 14 million € were spent.

controlSystem:
The official controls necessary to prevent the intentional or unintentional introduction into the Union of invasive alien species is made by the competent authorities at the border, not only for the invasive alien species of Union concern but any other alien species that could compete with native species or alter its genetic purity. This relevant inspection is made at the border by customs officers.
A Royal Decree Project already submitted to the complete endorsement process of all the procedures regulates the administrative procedure for the prior authorization of importation in the national territory of alien species in order to preserve the autonomous Spanish biodiversity.
This regulation will prohibit the importation of alien species or subspecies when they are susceptible to compete with native wild species, alter their genetic purity or ecological balance. Likewise, the Department of Biodiversity and Natural Environment elaborated a List in which, based on the existing technical and scientific information, the alien taxa susceptible of competing with the native wild species, altering their genetic purity or the ecological balances have been included, and it will be published and updated in the electronic headquarters of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition . 
Some autonomous communities have their own warning system and did inspections to various stakeholders.   

- Extremadura: 
Periodical visits to inform and check pet shops and garden centers.  

- La Rioja
Management through sport fishing (Fishing decree): Procambarus clarkii, Pacifastacus leniusculus
http://ias1.larioja.org/boletin/Bor_Boletin_visor_Servlet?referencia=6753446-1-PDF-514477
Trachemys scripta: management through floating traps 
Vespa velutina: https://www.larioja.org/larioja-client/cm/agricultura/images?idMmedia=1025643

- Galicia
Galician Strategic Plan for the Management of Invasive Alien Species and for the Development of a Standardized Risk Analysis System for Exotic Species in Galicia" is a system that serves as a basis for the official controls to be carried out by the competent authorities (Art. 15)
 http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/plan_estratexico_eei_Galicia.pdf
Vespa velutina: For the case of Vespa velutina nigrithorax there is a specific protocol for the surveillance of this species.
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Protocolo_vixilancia_e_control_vespa_velutina_Galicia_Rev_2016.pdf

A protocol for capturing queens in spring has also been developed (last revision dated from 2018).
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/2018_protocolo_captura_rainas_vespa_velutina.pdf

- Catalonia
Manual withdrawal of Heracleum spp
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/Memoria_Pampa_Caucas.pdf
Myocastor coypus
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/mamifers/DOC/Coipu.-MyocastorCoypu.pdf
Vespa
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/gestio_fauna_invasora/vespa_asiatica/Protocol_2018_darrer.pdf
Trachemys
http://gestio.mediambient.gencat.cat/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/reptils/Pla-de-Gestio-de-la-Tortuga-de-Florida.pdf
Manual and mecanical withdrawal:  Myriophyllum aquaticum

surveillanceSystem:
Early detections and warning are functioning in Spain based on email but a new application matching Notsys will replace the old system soon.
Some autonomous communities adopted their own system of early detection and rapid eradication. Here are some examples:

- Cantabria
http://dgmontes.org/documents/16835/6017188/Plan_Estrategico_Regional_EEI+nov_17.pdf/dcadff68

- Valencian Community
The warning system is formed by environmental agents of the regional environmental authority, as well as other agents and brigades that work in national parks.  This network is formed by 352 persons that belong to different organizations: 
a) environmental agents from the Government of the Valencian Community. 
b) natural Parks of the Valencian Community, 
c) technicians of the Regional Valencian Department of Agriculture, Natural Environment, Climatic Change and Rural Development,  
d) researchers of research centers of the Valencian Community,
e) fluvial agents of the Jucar Hydrographical Confederation, 
f) agents of the Coast Demarcation of Castellón and Valencia provinces,
The members send by electronic means images of what they consider could be an IAS. The images are analyzed by experts and species identified so that eradication methods could be applied as soon as possible if it is feasible.

- La Rioja
https://www.iderioja.larioja.org/vct/index.php?c=386a6f784b555770494e307a4f7062685579366f56513d3d

- Region of Murcia
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=es.carm.medioambiente.exoticasmurcia

- Galicia
Galicia has an Early Warning Network of invasive alien species that acts as a focal point that should inform about the appearance and detection of new IAS in the territory of Galicia to the National Network for the surveillance of invasive alien species.
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/seccion-tema/c/Conservacion?content=Direccion_Xeral_Conservacion_Natureza/Biodiversidade/seccion.html&std=Rede_alerta_EEI.html&sub=Xestion_EEI/
Vespa velutina
For the case of Vespa velutina nigrithorax there is a specific protocol for the surveillance of this species.
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Protocolo_vixilancia_e_control_vespa_velutina_Galicia_Rev_2016.pdf

- Catalonia
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/xarxa-dalerta/
For some species, there is a continuous surveillance system meaning that environmental agents from different institutions (Catalan Water Agence, Ebro Hydrographic Confederation, rural agents, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona Provincial Council, etc) check the area periodically. This applies for species as: Heracleum spp, Impatiens glandulifera, Lithobates (Rana) catesbeianus, Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii, Pseudorasbora parva, Trachemys scripta, Myriophyllum aquaticum
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/xarxa-dalerta/

weblinkPermits:
- Galicia
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/seccion-tema/c/Conservacion?content=Direccion_Xeral_Conservacion_Natureza/Biodiversidade/seccion.html&std=Permisos_EEI_preocupantes.html&sub=Xestion_EEI/
- Catalonia
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/tinenca_sp_invasores/

informPublic:
Measures to inform the public about the presence of an invasive alien species and the actions that citizens can take to inform the competent authority are communicated at different levels.
In MITECO´s web page:
Strategies on the IAS that are periodically elaborated and approved specify directives to sensibilize and inform the public:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-especies/especies-exoticas-invasoras/ce-eei-estrategia-planes.aspx
Informational sheets on IAS:
https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-especies/especies-exoticas-invasoras/ce-eei-lista-UE-listado.aspxhttps://www.miteco.gob.es/es/biodiversidad/temas/conservacion-de-especies/especies-exoticas-invasoras/ce-eei-catalogo.aspx

In their area of competence, the autonomous communities have their information points.
Every autonomous community adopts its own campaigns to inform the public about this issue and about the requirement to use the warning system network at least for the species of concern in each region. Here are some examples:

- Cantabria:
http://dgmontes.org/documents/16835/6017188/h Plan_Estrategico_Regional_EEI+nov_17.pdf/dcadff68-08be-0723-c270-215d0c75b0b0
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=6796
https://invasorasenramales.wordpress.com/

- Valencian community:
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=3821
http://www.agroambient.gva.es/documents/91061501/91067862/17_LIFE-Trachemys.+Dossier+Divulgativo/cc97837b-fb59-46e5-a7c3-885cb1d950e6?version=1.0"

- La Rioja:
https://www.larioja.org/medio-ambiente/es/biodiversidad/especies-exotico-invasoras

- Region of Murcia:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=es.carm.medioambiente.exoticasmurcia
https://exoticasinvasoras.carm.es/
http://www.murcianatural.carm.es/web/guest/monografias/-/asset_publisher/OjV3/content/4296596?_101_INSTANCE_OjV3_redirect=%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fmonografias&assetId=4296596
http://www.murcianatural.carm.es/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=3f18f663-7143-47f1-9e92-59c04a4476ad&groupId=14
http://www.murcianatural.carm.es/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=b1734b98-c9e3-4f71-8e4e-d2f2d911ab7c&groupId=14

- Galicia:
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Triptico_EEI_Galicia.pdf
Collaboration agreement between the Department of Environment, Territory and Housing of the Government of Galicia and the Association for the Ecological Defense of Galicia (ADEGA), in order to develop a program of education, outreach and environmental volunteering co-financed in an 80% for the European regional development fund framework of the ERDF Galicia 2007-2013 operational program. Through this agreement, outreach and awareness campaigns were carried out regarding this issue. This web includes several publications about IAS.
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/materiais_convenio_ADEGA_2015.pdf
Information sheets, pamphlets, and posters about IAS:
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Fichas_divulgativas_EEI.pdf
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-cmaot/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/triptico_EEI_Galicia_2017_gal.pdf
https://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-cmaot/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Xestion%20da%20biodiversidade/Linas%20de%20traballo/Plan%20de%20especies%20exoticas%20invasoras/Poster%20definitivo.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/areas/gandaria/apicultura/vespa_velutina/
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Triptico_informativo_Vespa_Velutina.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Cartel_informativo_Vespa_Velutina.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/2017_Diferenciacion_morfoloxica_Vespa_velutina_Vespa_crabro.pdf
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/seccion-organizacion/c/CMAOT_DX_Conservacion_Natureza?content=Direccion_Xeral_Conservacion_Natureza/Biodiversidade/seccion.html&std=Plan_expecies_exoticas_invasoras.html&sub=Xestion_EEI/
http://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Triptico_EEI_Galicia.pdf
(General information about pathways of entry)
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/areas/gandaria/apicultura/vespa_velutina/
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Triptico_informativo_Vespa_Velutina.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Cartel_informativo_Vespa_Velutina.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/2017_Diferenciacion_morfoloxica_Vespa_velutina_Vespa_crabro.pdf
https://cmatv.xunta.gal/c/document_library/get_file?file_path=/portal-web/Documentos_DXConservacion_da_Natureza/Biodiversidade/Potencial_invasor_especies_exoticas_auga_doce.pdf

- Catalonia
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/es/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/jornades-i-cursos/
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/ca/05_ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_invasores/llista-despecies-catalogades/mamifers/esquirols-exotics/
http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/flora/doc/pampa-caucas-triptic-2019-print.pdf
Through the website of the Government of Catalonia (Department of Territory and Sustainability) and social networks (twitter mainly), information about several species was published: Lithobates catesbeianus, Paciofastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii, Trachemys scripta

- Basque Country
http://www.euskadi.eus/especies-invasoras/web01-a2ingdib/es/

During the reporting period there where many LIFE projects that have managed or intend to raise public awareness and inform about IAS: 

INVASEP (2012-2018) had  a real impact on the population of Extremadura Comunity as well as in Portugal and the rest of the Spanish territory:
     -visits to 79 pet shops and all the nursery plants present in Extremadura;
     -workshops and traveling exhibition for scholars and adults in Extremadura and Madrid reaching more than 22.000 scholars and 5.000 adults in different activities (more than half of them during the reporting period).

INVASAQUA (2018-2023) 
     - one of its main objectives is increasing public information and awareness of the general public. More than 100 activities planned with a potential reach of more than 200 000 people.


costs:
A detailed analysis of the costs is reported in the attached note.

controlSystem:
The official control system has been defined by Legislative Decree No 230/2017 and is a joint responsability of Customs, permanently manned Entry points, Frontal Inspection Posts, Regional Phytosanitary Services and Veterinay Services.

surveillanceSystem:
The surveillance system has been defined by Legislative Decree No 230/2017 and is responsability of Regional and Autonomous provincial Authorities

informPublic:
A particular effort has been devoted to inform the general public and the main stakeholders with the resources mobilized by Ministry of Environment, with the support of ISPRA, and with the LIFE Program led by ISPRA.


actionPlans:
Nu există. Se va dezvolta prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

addInfo:
Nu există. Se va estima prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

costs:
Nu există. Se va estima prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

controlSystem:
Nu există. Se va dezvolta prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

surveillanceSystem:
Nu există. Se va dezvolta prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

weblinkPermits:
Nu există. Se va dezvolta prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.

informPublic:
Nu există. Se va dezvolta prin proiect Managementul adecvat al speciilor invazive din Romania, in conformitate cu Regulamentul UE 1143/2014 referitor la prevenirea si gestionarea introducerii si raspandirii speciilor alogene invazive - Cod SMIS 2014+ 120008.


addInfo:
Referring to the national permits required under Article 8(7) of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014, also the permits concerning Raccoon dog have been included in the national IAS portal https://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/eun-vieraslajiasetuksen-mukaiset-luvat, even the reporting on Raccoon dog has not been included in this report (reporting time frame 2015-2018).

DIAS-project (EU ENI CBC)  2019-2021 to develop cooperation and data exchange on IAS with Russia near the EU Eastern border.
VIEKAS-project (EU LIFE+) 2018-2023 Awareness building, surveying and controlling invasive alien species (IAS) in Finland.

costs:
Management measures are undertaken and ongoing but estimates for actual costs are not available.
However cost estimate made for potential costs of management actions (2015) is available below as a PDF-file.
There have been several national projects to plan, develop and put up the surveillance, information, management and reporting portal (https://www.vieraslajit.fi) e.g. VISEVARIS, VISAKE, HAVINA, EU-HAVi, EU-HAVI2, VILAKO. Their costs have been a bit over 2 million euros.

controlSystem:
The Act on Managing the Risk Caused by Alien Species: https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2015/20151709 
A national plan on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species: https://mmm.fi/documents/1410837/1894125/Hallintasuunnitelma+haitallisten+vieraslajien+torjumiseksi_2018-03-13.pdf/8614bfdf-d65a-45f8-b474-d83df7180617/Hallintasuunnitelma+haitallisten+vieraslajien+torjumiseksi_2018-03-13.pdf.pdf
The Finnish Advisory Board for Invasive Alien Species https://mmm.fi/vieraslajiasioiden-neuvottelukunta

surveillanceSystem:
Surveillance system (https://www.vieraslajit.fi) will collect all information on IAS from national biological monitoring programmes conducted by different governmental Institutes and Agencies, from municiplaties and cities as well as from the public. All observations are shown on the maps and the distributional data are available for download. Also information on management measures undertaken are collected to the portal and shown in the future also on the maps.

Development of Surveillance and early warning system of invasive species and Action plan to manage unintentional introduction pathways: http://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/VISAKE-Loppuraportti_VALMIS.pdf 
National species database: https://laji.fi/ and observation data map: https://laji.fi/observation/map 
Citizen science (Report observations of an alien species) : http://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/report-your-observation-alien-species

informPublic:
All information concerning invasive alien species is collected and available in the national alien species portal: https://www.vieraslajit.fi
In addition letters are sent out from the Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment to inform public and relevant stakeholders.
Documents in the Invasive Alien Species Portal https://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi   https://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/welcome-invasive-alien-species-portal 
https://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/v%C3%A4lkommen-till-portalen-f%C3%B6r-fr%C3%A4mmande-arter-i-finland 

Questions & answers: https://www.vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/vieraslajit-ja-lains%C3%A4%C3%A4d%C3%A4nt%C3%B6-usein-kysyttyj%C3%A4-kysymyksi%C3%A4


- A guide on marine alien species: https://vieraslajit.fi/fi/content/it%C3%A4meren-vieraslajiopas
https://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/92360/Raportteja_63_2013.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
- How to manage garden waste contaminated with invasive alien species https://vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/Vieraslajit%20ohjeistus%202018%20%C3%84l%C3%A4%20levit%C3%A4%20vieraslajia.pdf#overlay-context=fi/ohjeita-ja-oppaita 

Guide documents published by the Finnish Advisory Board for Invasive Alien Species:
- Instructions for travelling and internet purchases: https://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/Vieraslajiasioiden_neuvottelukunnan_esitys_Jata_vieraslajit_rajan_taa_0.pdf
- An abandoned cat is an alien species:
https://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/Vieraslajiasioiden_neuvottelukunnan_esitys_Heitteillejatetty_kissa_on_vieraslaji_0.pdf
- Instructions for plant shops:
https://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/Ohje%20taimimyym%C3%A4l%C3%B6ille_241014.pdf#overlay-context=fi/ohjeita-ja-oppaita
The ministry of agriculture and forestry leaflets about invasive alien species in gardens and the Heracleum persicum group:
https://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/Jattiputki-erittain-haitallinen-vieraslaji-esite-mmm-2011.pdf
https://www.vieraslajit.fi/sites/default/files/puutarhan-vieraslajit-haitalliset-esite-mmm-2011.pdf

Actions that citizens are requested to take:
The Act on Managing the Risk Caused by Alien Species 4§ (The land owner’s duty of care) and 5§ (The operator’s duty of care): https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2015/20151709
The national list of invasive alien species (A Government Decree): https://finlex.fi/fi/laki/alkup/2015/20151725 

Stop Arctic aliens campaign https://www.stoparcticaliens.com
Press release  https://mmm.fi/en/article/-/asset_publisher/yhteispohjoismainen-kampanja-arktisen-alueen-elain-ja-kasvikunnan-suojelemiseksi-vieraslajeilta

Lausuntokierrokset/Circulation of proposal for comment:
https://www.lausuntopalvelu.fi/FI/Proposal/Closed?searchtext=vieraslaji 
https://www.lausuntopalvelu.fi/FI/Proposal/Participation?proposalId=9f2a9a29-a178-4575-a14e-e0aeff68f1eb
https://www.lausuntopalvelu.fi/FI/Proposal/Participation?proposalId=51646526-0914-4de4-9cbb-5b254501d9de
https://www.lausuntopalvelu.fi/FI/Proposal/Participation?proposalId=6b8926df-0985-4df8-b8f4-698470e53509


costs:
Die entstandenen Kosten (Personaleinsatz, IT-Kosten, weitere Kosten) lassen sich noch nicht quantifizieren.

controlSystem:
Deutschland hat 2017 ein Gesetz zur Durchführung der EU-Verordnung 1143/2014 über invasive gebietsfremde Arten erlassen (BGBl. 2017 I S. 3370). Mit dem Durchführungsgesetz wurden im Bundesnaturschutzgesetz (und ergänzend im Bundesjagdgesetz) die notwendigen ergänzenden Bestimmungen zur EU-Verordnung zur Durchführung amtlicher Kontrollen aufgenommen. In § 51a BNatSchG wird die Überwachung des Verbringens invasiver Arten in die Union geregelt (siehe https://dejure.org/gesetze/BNatSchG/51a.html). Mit § 51a Absatz 1 BNatSchG wird die Zuständigkeit in Bezug auf pflanzliche und tierische Warenkategorien, die in der Unionsliste aufgeführt sind und die aufgrund der pflanzenbeschau- oder tiergesundheitsrechtlichen Einfuhrvorschriften der EU bei der Verbringung in die Union amtlichen Kontrollen unterliegen, festgelegt. In diesen Fällen sind die jeweiligen Behörden der Bundesländer entsprechend den landesrechtlichen Vorschriften zuständig für die amtlichen Kontrollen zur Verhütung der vorsätzlichen Einbringung gemäß Artikel 15 der Verordnung (EU) 1143/2014. Die Zollbehörden wirken bei der Überwachung des Verbringens von invasiven Arten aus Drittstaaten mit (§ 51a Absatz 2 BNatSchG). Für den Austausch relevanter Informationen zwischen den beteiligten Behörden stehen IT-Programme zur Verfügung und finden Schulungen statt.

surveillanceSystem:
Das System zur Überwachung von invasiven gebietsfremden Arten von unionsweiter Bedeutung wurde in die bestehenden Erhebungen und Monitoringsysteme für Lebensräume, Tier- und Pflanzenvorkommen integriert. Dies sind insbesondere die Überwachungssysteme zu Natura 2000 und Wasserrahmenrichtlinie, Arten- und Biotopkartierungen, Kooperationen mit Experten-Arbeitsgruppen und wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen sowie Citizen Science-Projekte.

z.B. 
HE: https://www.hlnug.de/themen/naturschutz/tiere-und-pflanzen/informationen-zu-tier-und-pflanzenarten.html
https://www.hlnug.de/themen/naturschutz/tiere-und-pflanzen/neobiota.html
https://www.hlnug.de/themen/wasser/grundwasser/grundwasserbeschaffenheit/wasserrahmenrichtlinie-wrrl.html
https://www.hlnug.de/themen/naturschutz/tiere-und-pflanzen/arten-melden.html

informPublic:
Die Öffentlichkeit wird über geplante Managementmaßnahmen gemäß Artikel 19 der Verordnung frühzeitig informiert und hat Gelegenheit, sich an der Vorbereitung, Änderung oder Überarbeitung der Managementmaßnahmen zu beteiligen. Hierzu werden die Entwürfe der Managementmaßnahmenpläne in einem gemeinsamen Anhörungsportal aller Bundesländer (www.anhoerungsportal.de) im Internet veröffentlicht. Über Pressemeldungen und die amtlichen Veröffentlichungsorgane wird die Öffentlichkeit informiert, sobald neue oder überarbeitete Managementmaßnahmen vorliegen. 

BB: https://mlul.brandenburg.de/cms/detail.php/bb1.c.532280.de
BW: https://www.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de/natur-und-landschaft/invasive-arten
BY: Die Öffentlichkeit kann auf der Homepage des Landesamtes für Umwelt die Informationen abrufen. https://www.lfu.bayern.de/natur/neobiota/invasive_arten/index.htm
HB: https://www.bauumwelt.bremen.de/sixcms/detail.php?gsid=bremen213.c.23476.de
HH: https://www.hamburg.de/invasive-arten
NI: http://www.nlwkn.niedersachsen.de/invasive-arten-164705.html
NW: https://www.lanuv.nrw.de/natur/artenschutz/neobiota, https://neobiota.naturschutzinformationen-nrw.de/site
RP: www.mueff.rlp.de; www.lfu.rlp.de
SH: https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/Fachinhalte/A/artenschutz/invasivearten.html
SN:  https://www.umwelt.sachsen.de/umwelt/natur/45960.htm
ST: https://lau.sachsen-anhalt.de/naturschutz/arten-und-biotopschutz/die-invasiven-gebietsfremden-arten-der-unionsliste/ (Internetseite Land Sachsen-Anhalt)
TH: Darüber hinaus erfolgten:
 - Aufklärung über Amtsblätter, Radio und Internetauftritten der Landkreise zur VO, zum Vorkommen und den Auswirkungen von Arten der Unionslisten und zum Verhalten bei Sichtung oder bei Besitz invasiver Arten; Aufstellung von Aufklärungs- und Infotafeln in der Natur
- Aufrufe zum Melden von Fundorten von invasiven Arten
- Informationsveranstaltungen mit den Angelverbänden und Jagdhegeringen zur Thematik 
- gezielte Informationsveranstaltungen/Vorträge für Zielgruppen (Tierhalter, Händler, Gartenbaubetriebe, Zoos, Botanische Gärten) zum Umgang mit invasiven Arten und über die Handelsverbote
- Information von Zoobesuchern über Problematik der Neozoen und die damit verbundenen Haltungs-, Zucht- und Handelsverbote in den Zoos
- Initiierung von Seminarfacharbeiten zur Thematik 
- Beratungen von Stadt-/ Gemeindeverwaltungen zu den Auswirkungen von Neophyten, der Rechts¬lage, einschließlich einer fachlichen Betreuung und Begleitung von Maßnahmen sowie Monitoring
Bund: http://www.neobiota.bfn.de


actionPlans:
All the regulation species have been assessed and 3 priority pathways have been selected for the action plan, but the action plan is not finalised.


actionPlans:
No Action plan(s) referred to in Article 13(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 were established in the reporting period.

costs:
Analysis of the cost for implementation of the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 in Slovenia is not comprehensive, however some information was gathered on the costs of measures for invasive alien species in general or specifically for activities for eradication or management of some invasive alien species of Union concern.  

Estimation was prepared on the cost of activities against invasive alien species by public bodies working in the field of nature protection (Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning, 9 protected areas, 2 scientific public bodies). In this estimation costs for awareness rising, monitoring, management of invasive alien species in the field, including rapid response and eradication, and capacity building were considered. Evaluated activities did not cover only invasive alien species of Union concern but in general.  

Estimated costs of public bodies working in the field of nature conservation for measures against invasive alien species (including for invasive alien species of Union concern): 
2016 (EUR)	2017 (EUR)	2018 (EUR)
150.000 	           145.000         185.000

Costs are growing due to increased efforts in the implementation of the Regulation (EU) No. 1143/2014, upgraded list of IAS of Union concern and new obligations arising from it and mostly due to the new cases of rapid eradication measures.

Cost of ongoing Life project LIFE ARTEMIS (LIFE15 GIE/SI/000770) dedicated to the invasive alien species could also be considered. The goal of LIFE ARTEMIS is to contribute to the reduction of harmful impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity by increasing public awareness and by setting up an effective early warning and rapid response framework for invasive alien species in forests. The total budget of the project is 1,091,953.00 €. Project duration is from 07-JUL-2016 to 31-OCT -2020. 
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=5829; https://www.tujerodne-vrste.info/en/project-life-artemis/

Costs of following actions aimed specifically towards invasive alien species of Union concern could be identified: 
Capacity building
The Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning spent 13.000 EUR for development of information sheets and identification keys for invasive alien species of Union concern. Funds were aimed to facilitate the identification and detection of invasive alien species by officials and to provide information to general public. (See also web links under the Description of the official control system pursuant to Article 15 of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014).

Monitoring
Cost of four year monitoring of the presence of alien species in the marine environment is 153,500.90 EUR. The activity is funded under the Operational Programme for support from the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund in the Republic of Slovenia for the period 2014–2020. 
Cost of one year monitoring of signal crayfish to establish how widespread it is in the area of its presence was 10.000 EUR. 

Implementation of rapid eradication or management measures
- For rapid eradication measures for Procambarus clarkii in one location 35.000 EUR was spent in 2018.
- An overview of Cost of action was calculated for the eradication activities of Heracleum mantegazzianum. This species, that was previously present in 25 locations, was eradicated from 16 locations, while at 9 locations eradication is ongoing. It is estimated that 17.500 EUR was spent in 2011-2018. This includes estimation of costs of employed personnel as well as hours of volunteer work.
https://www.tujerodne-vrste.info/2019/03/01/stroski-obvladovanja-orjaskega-dezena/

- The costs of preparatory management measures (analysis of possible measures and test removal of individuals using different techniques) for one population of Orconectes limosus, which was discovered in the 2016 were 25.000 EUR (combined for 2017 and 2018). Based on this an 8 year management project is prepared (2019-2026) with estimated costs of 90.000 EUR annually.

controlSystem:
Official control pursuant to Article 15 in this reporting period was conducted only through the control of the goods that need specific official controls at border entries in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 and Directives 91/496/EEC and 97/78/EC or at points of entry in accordance with Directive 2000/29/EC. The control in accordance with the above mentioned legislation is performed by the Administration of the Republic of Slovenia for Food Safety, Veterinary Sector and Plant Protection (UVHVVR) officials. Information on obligations and restrictions regarding the invasive alien species of Union concern was presented to the officials conducting the control of intentional introduction into the Union, this information is also available at the webpage of the UVHVVR at:
(http://www.uvhvvr.gov.si/si/zakonodaja_in_dokumenti/mednarodne_zadeve/fitosanitar
na_zakonodaja/drugi_uvozni_predpisi/omejitve_uvoza_invazivnih_tujerodnih_vrst/).

As the national legislation that would specifically authorise officials of the UVHVVR to carry out the official controls of import of invasive alien species of Union concern in the EU and instruct in case of breaching the provisions of the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 is not yet adopted. Currently officials have instruction that they inform the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning if invasive alien species of Union concern is to be discovered during the control process. In accordance with the State Administration Act Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning and its bodies are responsible for coordination of activities in the field of Nature protection which includes Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014. In the reporting period no invasive alien species were reported to be discovered in the controls conducted by the UVHVVR officials.

Control of import and transport within the country is in accordance with the Act Implementing the Customs Legislation of the European Union conducted also by the customs authority. As in the previous case additional national legislation is prepared in order to clarify powers of the customs authority in executing official control in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014.

There was one case in the reporting period where customs authorities were investigating the possibility of illegal import of an invasive alien species of Union concern, however after determination of the species it was established that the specimens do not belong to the species included it the EU list of invasive species.

In accordance with the national nature conservation legislation and programs of work of public scientific organisations, the Institute for Nature Conservation of the Republic of Slovenia and The Fisheries Research Institute provide assistance in identification and confirmation of species to the enforcement authorities.    

To facilitate the detection and identification of invasive alien species information sheets and identification keys for invasive alien species of Union concern were developed to assist the officials. They are publicly available at the webpage of the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning.

- General information on IAS:
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/

- Information on invasive alien animal species:
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/rastline_invazivne_tujerodne_vrste/

- Information on invasive alien plant species
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/rastline_invazivne_tujerodne_vrste/

- Identification key for aquatic plants
http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/regulirane_vrste_vodnih_rastlin_kljuci.pdf

- Identification key for squirrels
http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/regulirane_vrste_veveric_kljuci.pdf

- Identification key for crustaceans
http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/regulirane_vrste_rakov_kljuci.pdf

surveillanceSystem:
Collection and recording of data on the presence of invasive alien species in the environment are organised in the framework of the existing system of collection of data on species in the environment. The system is upgraded with the specific monitoring, surveillance and management activities on invasive alien species. In the existing system gathering of data on species is organised in several sub-systems under the jurisdiction of two ministries, Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food. Data on management of game species, fisheries species and forest species falls under the authority of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food.  Monitoring of nature conservation status, which includes among others monitoring the status of fungi, plant and animal species, their habitats and ecosystems is carried out in accordance with the Nature Conservation Act and under the authority of the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning. 

Data on the presence of invasive alien species of Union concern in the environment are collected in the framework of the existing monitoring schemes where biological elements are surveyed including monitoring required under other relevant directives (Habitats, Birds, Water framework and Marine Directive). Additional surveys, targeting the information on occurrence and distribution of invasive alien species of Union concern were also carried out. There is an ongoing 4 year project for monitoring the presence of alien species in the marine environment. It is aimed for monitoring the areas which are most susceptible for alien species (ports, estuaries and areas with mariculture). Selected monitoring was also carried out for signal crayfish to establish its distribution. Data related to species that are categorised as game species (muskrat, coypu and racoon dog) or fisheries species (alien freshwater fish species and alien freshwater crustaceans) are also gathered within the management framework for game species, fisheries species and forest management. 

In one case where release of Procambarus clarkii was detected and rapid eradication took place also a new technique using e-DNA was used in order to monitor the efficiency of eradication.    

Examples of information on species, monitoring and management measures:
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/
http://www.natura2000.si/o-naturi-2000/natura-2000-v-sloveniji/
http://www.zgs.si/delovna_podrocja/gozdne_zivali_in_lovstvo/letni_nacrti_lovsko_upravljavskih_obmocij/index.html
http://www.biosweb.org/?task=about#

Examples of monitoring aimed specifically for alien species:
- Monitoring of signal crayfish:
http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/Monitoring_Raki_signalnirak2018.pdf

- Monitoring of marine alien species:
http://www.ribiski-sklad.si/en/List_of_operations/Monitoring_of_species_diversity_and_abundance_of_non-native_species_in_the_Slovenian_sea/ 

Data on invasive alien species are also collected within the surveillance activities in the protected areas. 

In the reporting period several other nature protection projects funded by public funds took place where data on invasive species were gathered and also actions for their eradication or management were carried out. 

Examples of projects where data on invasive species were gathered and eradication of species took place: 
- PoLJUBA https://www.poljuba.si/
- VIPava https://www.projektvipava.si/

For the reporting and data collection on invasive alien species citizen science was also used. In the reporting period several projects addressed collection of information on the presence of invasive alien species from different stakeholder groups and general public. Collection of data through citizen science, supported by the scientific support by experts for confirmation of the identification of species already enabled rapid detection of the appearance of invasive alien species in the environment.

Citizen science projects:
- Life Artemis (LIFE15 GIE/SI/000770) https://lifeslovenija.si/en/awareness-raising-training-and-measures-on-invasive-alien-species-in-forests/, https://www.invazivke.si/
- Ujemite naravo! (http://ribiska-zveza.si/projekti/projekt-ujemite-naravo) 
- Invazivke nikoli ne počivajo (http://invazivke.weebly.com/)


Data provided by monitoring and other surveillance and research activities were gathered by different public bodies, competent for collection of data on species. Institute of the Republic of Slovenia for Nature Conservation is the public body competent for the collection of data on species in the framework of nature conservation. Public body competent for collection of data on fisheries species is The Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Public body competent for collection of data on game species and on forest species is Slovenia Forest Service. 

These public bodies share information on the presence of invasive alien species in the environment and in provide scientific advice on measures for their eradication or management.
Monitoring studies funded with public funds and information on management measures are publicly available at webpages of ministries or public bodies responsible for collection of data on species or as well at webpages of financial funds under which different project or operations are financed. 

Example of publicly available results of monitoring and research:
http://www.natura2000.si/o-naturi-2000/natura-2000-v-sloveniji/spremljanje-stanja-monitoring/
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/knjiznica/

As relevant data are collected in separate databases, the access to these data is sometimes difficult and time consuming. Therefore a development of a dedicated Nature Conservation Information system (NCIS) is in progress. The NCIS will combine data from various scattered sources which will improve access and exchange of data on the status of species and management measures and thus increase accessibility for final users. The NCIS will also include data on the occurrence of invasive alien species in the environment and other relevant information such as procedures to prevent the spread of invasive alien species into or within the Union. This will improve the functioning of the existing surveillance system on invasive alien species.

Public bodies, competent for collection of data on species are involved in confirmation of the early detection of the introduction or presence of invasive alien species of Union concern and in giving scientific advice on necessary measures for rapid response. They rely on the support by external experts who have knowledge on invasive alien species or their eradication or management. They also monitor the effectiveness of eradication or management measures.

Information on early detection of the introduction or presence is gathered through above mentioned monitoring and surveillance but also through citizen science projects and through official control by enforcement bodies (customs and inspection authorities). In the reporting period two cases of early detection of invasive alien species of Union concern were revealed. In one case information was reported at the citizen science portal and in the other case in the emergency notification centre (112). On the basis of the information received, the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning coordinated the necessary activities for rapid eradication.

Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning is also responsible to notify the Commission and to inform other Member States of the early detection of the introduction or presence of invasive alien species of Union concern.

The permit system in accordance with Article 8 is yet to be established. Within this system information on permits issued, number or volume of specimens kept and handled and information on the inspection control will be gathered in accordance with the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 as a part of the surveillance system.

weblinkPermits:
No permits were issued in the reporting period.

informPublic:
Main activity of the Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning to inform the public was to provide information regarding the invasive alien species at the webpage of the Ministry (http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/). 

Specific information regarding the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 and invasive alien species of Union concern is included in this webpage since 2016. Short description of the EU regulation is presented at that webpage as well as description of obligations that arise from it. Special explanation is provided to different stakeholders including for non-commercial owners in line with the Article 31 of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014.
http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/IASUredba_Razlaga.pdf

For the species from the EU list Information in Slovene, including photo and description of the species, its biology, habitat, presence in Slovenia, pathways of introduction, possible impacts and possible measures for their removal is available, separately for plant and animal species. 

- Information on invasive alien animal species
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/rastline_invazivne_tujerodne_vrste/

- Information on invasive alien plant species
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/rastline_invazivne_tujerodne_vrste/

For each species, where available, links to publicly available results of research, monitoring or management measures are provided. This information is also available among other information related to research, articles, publications, activities, projects, events or other relevant information in the Library or News section of the webpage. 

Example of information on kudzu vine:
http://www.mop.gov.si/si/delovna_podrocja/narava/invazivne_tujerodne_vrste_rastlin_in_zivali/rastline_invazivne_tujerodne_vrste/kudzu_pueraria_montana_var_lobata/kudzu_pueraria_montana_var_lobata/

Link is also provided to the publication published by the European Union and a general webpage of the DG Environment on invasive alien species.  

There is also a section where advice is given to individuals on their possible contribution towards prevention of introduction and spread of invasive alien species.
Information on the webpage is regularly updated.

Public is informed about invasive alien species and Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 also through different projects (co-) financed by the EU funds, by municipalities or by non-governmental organizations.

One of main ongoing awareness raising project in the reporting period is a LIFE ARTEMIS (LIFE15 GIE/SI/000770) project dedicated to the invasive alien species. The goal of the project LIFE ARTEMIS is to contribute to the reduction of the harmful impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity by increasing public awareness and by setting up an effective early warning and rapid response framework for invasive alien species in forests. 
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.dspPage&n_proj_id=5829; https://www.tujerodne-vrste.info/en/project-life-artemis/

Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning has co-financed three one year communication projects which addressed nature protection and invasive alien species. Projects were managed by the NGO acting in public interest.
- In the project “Ujemite naravo!” (http://ribiska-zveza.si/projekti/projekt-ujemite-naravo) a Citizen Science platform was established where citizens could provide data on rare, endangered and alien freshwater fish, crayfish, shellfish and also other species (http://www.ckff.si/projekt.php?pid=47). The lead project partner is Slovenian Anglers Association which promoted this project amongst its 17.000 members.
- The aim of the project “Invazivke nikoli ne počivajo” (http://invazivke.weebly.com/) was to raise awareness on negative influence of IAS and to improve knowledge on threatened species in Europe. A part of the project was dedicated to collecting data on reptiles, amphibians and alien species using Citizen Science. 
- The aim of the project “Raznoživost pod vidrino streho na Goričkem” was to promote nature conservation and to raise awareness among local residents, farmers and visitors. It was presented in a visitors centre Aqualutra through nature conservation activities, including removal of invasive alien species and improvement of local ecosystems and Natura 2000 sites (http://lutra.si/sl/tekoci-projekti/127-raznozivost).

The Municipality of the capital city Ljubljana has a webpage dedicated to invasive alien species (https://www.ljubljana.si/sl/moja-ljubljana/varstvo-okolja/invazivne-tujerodne-vrste/) where information can be found on invasive alien species present in the municipality and on their localities, as well as information on possible management measures that can be provided by the citizens. The Municipality of Ljubljana is also a lead partner in the UIA project APPLAUSE. Part of this projects is also awareness raising and other activities for management of invasive alien species as well as to seek for innovative solutions for their use in line with the principles of circular economy (https://www.uia-initiative.eu/en/uia-cities/ljubljana).

Under projects for implementation of the Operational Programme for the Implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 several projects for Natura 2000 sites and species are ongoing. They include measures for gathering data on invasive alien species their removal and promotion of the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 to general public.

Examples of projects funded under the Operational Programme for the Implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 addresing also IAS:
- PoLJUBA https://www.poljuba.si/
- VIPava https://www.projektvipava.si/; https://www.projektvipava.si/blog/izlovili-ze-51-tujerodnih-zelv-v-sezoni-2018/

Public has also a possibility to participate in the preparation of the measures on invasive alien species. In accordance with the Environmental Protection Act public, has the right to participate in procedures for the adoption of regulations, policies, strategies, programmes and plans concerning environmental protection. Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning must enable the public to be informed of draft documents and to express opinions and comments on them. Public is informed through public notice on the internet.

In 2017 and 2018 a public survey on the general knowledge on invasive alien species was carried out in the project LIFE ARTEMIS. The survey was conducted using on-line questionnaire, covering a range of questions on people's knowledge of IAS-related issues, their ability to identify different IASs, their knowledge of control and eradication measures and support for those measures
In 2017 general survey, respondents ranked invasive alien species (IAS) as the least important among different environmental risks. However, 76 % of respondents had heard of the term alien species, and 83 % think IAS are a problem. Respondents seem to think IAS are more critical globally and not as much locally, which is an interesting phenomenon observed in some other studies as well. More than 75 % of all respondents have not yet had any problems with IASs personally, but more than half of those expected this to change in the future. Almost all respondents associated IASs with negative and not positive effects they might have on environment and society. 
https://www.tujerodne-vrste.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/LIFE-ARTEMIS_Javnomnenjska-raziskava-2017.pdf

In the 2018 survey (report in preparation) preliminary analysis show that IAS are still considered as not so important environmental risk, however the percentage has grown. The percentage of people that think IAS are a problem has grown to 91 %. The awareness that IAS are also a local problem has increased. The ability to recognise selected invasive alien species has improved during the project. The support for control and eradication measures has also improved.

Besides activities to inform a general public, specific activities took place also to inform certain stakeholders. Ministry of the Environment and Spatial Planning for example informed the pet traders regarding the obligations arising from the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 through the Slovenian Chamber of Commerce. The Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia introduced the Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 and invasive alien species of Union concern to fishermen organised in the Fishing Association of Slovenia (17.000 members). Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food distributed information on invasive alien species to farmers through a brochure (https://www.program-podezelja.si/sl/knjiznica/101-invazivne-rastline-v-kmetijski-krajini/file) and also in the main agriculture fairs. Agriculture consultants were also taught about the topic and can provide advice to farmers.


actionPlans:
2016-ban az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya megbízásából a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Ökológiai Kutatóközpontja elkészítette az Inváziós fajok terjedési útvonalainak átfogó elemzése és hazai értékelése című elemzést, mely az inváziós fajok terjedési útvonalainak átfogó elemzését és értékelését tartalmazza, mind a növény, mind az állatfajok tekintetében. A bevezetés (1. fejezet) után a kötet 2. fejezete kiemelten foglalkozik a kiemelt útvonalak azonosításával és elemzésével. Összesen 13 utat nevez meg, úgymint például dísznövénytermesztés, turizmus, vadászat. A harmadik fejezet sorra veszi az Európai Unió számára veszélyt jelentő inváziós fajok egy részét, melyek közül több szerepel az uniós jegyzéken is. A fejezet összesen 23 fajt (13 növényfaj, 10 állatfaj) érint, melyek szerepelnek a már elfogadott két uniós jegyzéken. A fajokról szóló részek a következő alrészeket tartalmazzák: azonosítás, őshonos elterjedési terület, behurcolt elterjedési terület, európai és magyarországi jelenlét, behurcolás története, környezeti igények, élőhely, adott inváziós faj ismert hatásai, behurcolás legvalószínűbb módjai/útvonalai, javaslatok a behurcolás megelőzésére és a korai figyelmeztetésre. A kötet utolsó, 4. fejezete szakmai javaslatokat ad a magyarországi nemzeti lista szóba jöhető inváziós fajairól. Maga a szintézis riport tehát kiemelten foglalkozik a bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakkal, valamint példákon keresztül tárgyalja a megteendő intézkedéseket is.
Az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya által készített, közérthető nyelven íródott Hódítás úton, útfélen - Idegenhonos inváziós fajok bekerülési és terjedési útvonalai című kiadvány felhasználja az előzőekben ismertetett tanulmány megállapításainak egy részét, ugyanakkor teljes egészében a magyar állami természetvédelem látásmódját tükrözi. Az első fejezetben a terjedési útvonalak típusait mutatjuk be, majd a második fejezetben a hazai és nemzetközi környezetről ejtünk szót. Ezt követően részletesen ismertetjük a kiemelt vonulási útvonalakat, példákkal, számszerűsített adatokkal illusztrálva. Magyarországon a következő bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakra térünk ki, mint amelyek a legfontosabbak: kereskedelem, mezőgazdaság, erdőgazdálkodás, halgazdálkodás, vadgazdálkodás, dísznövények, kedvtelésből és bemutatási célból tartott fajok, szárazföldi közlekedés, vízi közlekedés, turizmus, spontán terjedés. Minden egyes fejezetet alegységekre osztottunk, attól függően, hány altípus sorolható be az egyes útvonalakba. A szintézis riport a megelőző és kezelési intézkedésekkel zárul, többek között taglaljuk a jogi szabályozást, az ellenőrzéseket és a regionális együttműködési lehetőségeket. Összességében tömör áttekintést adunk a kiemelt bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakra, valamint a megteendő intézkedésekre.

controlSystem:
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/vedett-madarak-mentese, Az újonnan betelepített fajok esetében az inváziós tulajdonság vizsgálata ágazatokon átívelő feladat. Az egyes törvényeknek az idegenhonos inváziós fajok betelepítésének vagy behurcolásának és terjedésének megelőzésével és kezelésével összefüggésben történő módosításáról szóló 2016. évi CXXXVII. törvénnyel módosításra került a természet védelméről szóló 1996. évi LIII. törvény. Eszerint Magyarországon az idegenhonos inváziós faj egyedének az országba történő behozatalára, átszállítására, kivitelére, tartására, szaporítására, termesztésbe, tenyésztésbe vonására, keresztezésére, értékesítésére vagy felhasználására irányuló engedélyezés, illetve ellenőrzés során az 1143/2014/EU európai parlamenti és a tanácsi rendelet rendelkezéseit kell alkalmazni.
A felelős hatóságok kijelölésének részletszabályait az idegenhonos inváziós fajok betelepítésének vagy behurcolásának és terjedésének megelőzéséről és kezeléséről szóló 408/2016. (XII. 13.) Korm. rendelet tartalmazza. Eszerint a jogszabály a feladatokat az érintett ágazatok szerveihez rendeli. Magyarán a hatóság a hatáskörébe tartozó ügyekben ellátja az inváziós jogszabállyal kapcsolatos feladatokat. Magyarországon az Unió számára veszélyt jelentő idegenhonos inváziós fajok Unióba történő szándékos betelepítésének a megelőzéséhez szükséges hatósági ellenőrzések elvégzése több intézményrendszer feladatkörébe tartozik. A megyei kormányhivatal természetvédelmi, környezetvédelmi, élelmiszerlánc-biztonsági és állategészségügyi, növény- és talajvédelmi, erdészeti, vadászati és halgazdálkodási feladatkörében eljáró járási hivatalai, valamint az országos illetékességgel első fokon eljáró növénytermesztési hatóság, élelmiszerlánc-felügyeleti szerv, erdészeti hatóság, vadászati hatóság, halgazdálkodási hatóság és természetvédelmi hatóság - a hatáskörébe tartozó ügyekben – egyaránt ellátnak hatósági ellenőrzési feladatokat.
Az inváziós feladatok hatékony elvégzésére szükség van az ágazatok közötti folyamatos kommunikációra, az egyes feladatkörök pontos letisztázására. Ehhez az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya koordinációjával több megbeszélés, hivatalos megkeresés történt az érintett ágazatok között (pl. növénytermesztési hatóság, vámhatóság), ugyanakkor a folyamatos kapcsolattartásra továbbra is szükség van.
Magyarországon a feladatot ellátó 20 kormányhivatal működési területe lefedi az ország teljes területét. Inváziós kérdéskörben egyik fő feladatuk a rendszeres hatósági ellenőrzési tevékenységek, de ugyanakkor a természetvédelmi hatóságok a kisállat-kereskedések, dísznövény-kereskedők részére rendszeres tájékoztatást tartanak az uniós jegyzéken szereplő fajokról. Ehhez helyszíni ellenőrzéseket végeznek, tájékoztató kiadványokat nyújtanak át és személyes konzultációt folytatnak a kereskedőkkel. Fontos szerepe van a vadászati hatóságoknak, akik több faj kiirtásában, állomány-szabályozásában működtek közre sikeresen a természetvédelmi hatósággal és a nemzeti park igazgatóságokkal. Erre jó példa a nílusi lúd esete, melynek első hazai ismert költőpárja 2017-ben sikeresen kiirtásra került. Az Agrárminisztérium felhívására, a három szervezet (Vas Megyei Kormányhivatal természetvédelmi részlege, Őrségi Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság, vadászati hatóság) tökéletes együttműködésében valósult meg az akció. Ezen kívül is több olyan faj szerepel az uniós jegyzékeken, melyek Magyarországon vadászhatóak (pl. pézsmapocok, mosómedve), e fajok állomány-szabályozásában vesznek részt a vadászati hatóságok. Ugyanakkor lehetőség van olyan fajok vadászati eszközökkel végzett gyérítésére is, melyek hivatalosan nem minősülnek vadnak Magyarországon (pl. nutria). 
A hazánkban előforduló idegenhonos inváziós fajok egy részének elsősorban a mezőgazdasági vagy a humán-egészségügyi hatása jelentős, vagy elsősorban a települések környezetéhez kötődnek, mint például a parlagfű (Ambrosia artemisiifolia). A selyemkóró (Asclepias syriaca) szerepel az uniós jegyzéken, több országhoz hasonlóan Magyarországon is rohamosan terjed, köztük nagy területeken borítja be a mezőgazdasági földeket. Visszaszorításában ki kell emelni a Nemzeti Élelmiszerlánc-biztonsági Hivatal növényvédelmi hatóságát. A növényvédelmi tevékenységről szóló 43/2010. (IV.23.) FVM rendelet egyértelműen kimondja, hogy a földhasználó és a termelő köteles védekezni a selyemkóró ellen (is).
A magyar vámhatóság szabályozása az idegenhonos inváziós fajok ellenőrzésével kapcsolatban magában foglalja a vámhivatalok és a társszervezetek közötti kapcsolatok eljárásait és rendelkezéseit. A magyar vámhatóság vámhivatalainak intranetes oldalán találhatóak a társszervezetek folyamatosan frissített elérhetőségei. Fontos kiemelni azt, hogy a magyar vámhatóság és az idegenhonos inváziós fajok feladatainak koordinálását végző minisztérium között együttműködési megállapodás (MoU) van érvényben.
A Nemzeti Adó- és Vámhivatalnál, a Rendőrkapitányságnál és a Nemzeti Nyomozó Irodánál jelenleg nincs különálló egység, amely kizárólag az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal vagy más természetvédelemmel összefüggő ügyekkel foglalkoznának. Ugyanakkor minden egyes intézményben van egy speciális egység, amely felelős az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal kapcsolatos ügyekért és ezen feladatok szakszerű ellátásáért, más környezetvédelmi ügyekkel együtt.
Az illegális kereskedelmi útvonalak és eljárási módszerek felderítése, valamint a környezetvédelmi bűncselekményekre vonatkozó nemzeti stratégia kidolgozása kiemelt feladat. Ennek érdekében jövőbeli cél a Nemzeti Környezetvédelmi Biztonsági Munkacsoport (National Environmental Security Task Force-NEST) létrehozása és hatékony működtetése. A vonatkozó információkat egy megalapozott együttműködés keretében szükséges összegyűjteni, amely kialakítás alatt áll.
Magyarországon vannak kijelölt mentőközpontok, amelyek felkészültek a lefoglalt vagy elkobzott állatok és növények elhelyezésére. A magyar jogszabályok szerint a fő mentőközpontok az állatkertek. Ezek közül kettő, a Szegedi Állatkert és a Budapesti Állatkert speciális karanténlétesítményekkel rendelkeznek a mentett állatok számára, melyeket rendszeresen fejlesztenek, így alkalmasak a nem várt elhelyezésekre is. Szükség esetén más állatkertek is működnek mentőközpontként. Ezek az állatkertek azok, melyek a lefoglalt vagy a kisállattartók által megunt idegenhonos inváziós állatfajok elhelyezésére is alkalmasak. Működésük segítése érdekében a fejezeti keretekre vonatkozó szabályozást módosítottuk, hogy költségvetési forrásokat is rendelkezésre lehessen bocsátani, amennyiben azt az inváziós fajok elhelyezési szükségletei igazolják. 
2017-ben az Agrárminisztérium útmutatót adott ki minden hatóság részére a mentőközpontok engedélyezési eljárására vonatkozóan, melynek következtében abban az évben több mentőközpont is beszerezte a szükséges engedélyeket. Az Agrárminisztérium a magyar állami természetvédelem hivatalos honlapján egy külön aloldalt működtet ezen mentőközpontok részére (http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/vedett-madarak-mentese), hogy segítse a sérült állatok mentését. Gyakorlatilag ezek a helyek azok, ahová az idegenhonos inváziós fajok is szállíthatóak.

surveillanceSystem:
A környezet- és természetvédelem legmagasabb állami szerve az Agrárminisztérium, melynek minisztere a természetvédelemért való felelőssége keretében előkészíti a természeti értékek és természeti területek védelmére, a tájvédelemre, a Natura 2000 területekre, a vadon élő szervezetek védelmére és a természet védelmét szolgáló gazdasági szabályozó eszközökre vonatkozó jogszabályokat, valamint felel a környezet és természet állapotáért. A miniszter fenti feladatait a minisztérium szervezete (államtitkárság, helyettes államtitkárság, főosztályok) útján látja el. Az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal kapcsolatos feladatok koordinálását a Természetmegőrzési Főosztály látja el a Biodiverzitás és Génmegőrzési Főosztály bevonásával.

Az inváziós fajokkal szembeni fellépés ugyanakkor ágazatokon átívelő feladat. Az egyes törvényeknek az idegenhonos inváziós fajok betelepítésének vagy behurcolásának és terjedésének megelőzésével és kezelésével összefüggésben történő módosításáról szóló 2016. évi CXXXVII. törvénnyel módosításra került hat törvény, köztük a természet védelméről szóló 1996. évi LIII. törvény. Eszerint Magyarországon az idegenhonos inváziós faj egyedének az országba történő behozatalára, átszállítására, kivitelére, tartására, szaporítására, termesztésbe, tenyésztésbe vonására, keresztezésére, értékesítésére vagy felhasználására irányuló engedélyezés, illetve ellenőrzés során az 1143/2014/EU európai parlamenti és a tanácsi rendelet rendelkezéseit kell alkalmazni.
A felelős hatóságok kijelölésének részletszabályait az idegenhonos inváziós fajok betelepítésének vagy behurcolásának és terjedésének megelőzéséről és kezeléséről szóló 408/2016. (XII. 13.) Korm. rendelet tartalmazza, a jogszabály a feladatokat az érintett ágazatok szerveihez rendeli. Az idegenhonos inváziós fajok elleni intézkedések gyakorlati megvalósításához az idegenhonos inváziós fajok betelepítésének vagy behurcolásának és terjedésének megelőzéséről és kezeléséről szóló, 2014. október 22-i, 1143/2014/EU európai parlamenti és tanácsi rendelet hazai megvalósításához szükséges költségvetési források biztosításáról szóló 1738/2016. (XII. 13.) Korm. határozat teremtette meg az anyagi feltételeket, a 2017. évtől a magyar állam biztosítja az évente szükséges személyi és dologi kiadások költségét. Ennek megfelelően 78 fős létszámbővítés történt a magyar államigazgatás több szervezetére elosztva. A fő koordinációt az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya végzi. A természetvédelmi hatósági feladatokat ellátó kormányhivatalok mindegyikéhez 1 vagy 2 fő felvételére került sor az inváziós hatósági feladatok ellátása érdekében. A 10 nemzeti park igazgatóságnál 1-1 fő létszámbővítésre került sor.
A felügyeleti rendszerből adódó feladatokat ennek megfelelően az inváziós feladatokra alkalmazott személyzet - országosan 78 fő - látja el, ugyanakkor a legnagyobb szerep a hatósági feladatokat ellátó kormányhivatalokra hárul. Magyarországon a feladatot ellátó 20 kormányhivatal működési területe lefedi az ország teljes területét. Munkájukat a fő koordinációt ellátó Természetmegőrzési Főosztály szakmai értekezletekkel, kiadott ajánlásokkal segíti. A kormányhivatalok munkatársai többek között rendszeresen adatokat gyűjtenek az inváziós fajokra vonatkozóan (terepen is), egyeztetéseket és tájékoztatásokat végeznek az érintett és kapcsolódó ágazatokkal, földtulajdonosokkal, kereskedőkkel, valamint az inváziós jogszabályokkal kapcsolatos engedélyezési eljárásokat is lefolytatják.
A felügyeleti rendszer személyi és anyagi feltételeinek biztosítása tehát megvalósult, a rendszer szakmai működtetése megkezdődött és folyamatosan fejlődik. Negyedévente az érintett szervek jelentéseket küldenek a fő koordinációt ellátó Természetmegőrzési Főosztályhoz. A rendszert e jelentések és a témában megtartott szakmai értekezleteken elhangzottak alapján működtetjük, fejlesztjük tovább és tesszük hatékonyabbá.

weblinkPermits:
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/idegenhonos-invazios-fajok Since no license has been issued on the basis of Article 8, there is no need to include such information on the government website on invasive alien species. Mivel 8. cikk szerinti engedély kiadására nem került sor, ezért az inváziós témakört tárgyaló kormányzati honlapon sincs szükség ilyen információ szerepeltetésére.

informPublic:
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/idegenhonos-invazios-fajok
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/termeszetes-allat-es-novenyvilagra-veszelyt-jelento-idegenhonos-invazios-fajok-hazai-tudomanyos-alapu-jegyzekei
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/invazios-fajokkal-kapcsolatos-kiadvanyok
http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/invazios-fajokkal-kapcsolatos-konferenciak-eloadasok, Fontos feladat és a hatékony munkát segítő lehetőség a különböző társadalmi szereplők szemléletformálása és bevonása az inváziós fajok elleni védekezésbe. Az ismeretterjesztő tevékenység különböző fórumokon megkezdődött, a tudáshiányok feltérképezése jelenleg is folyik. A lakosság tájékoztatása érdekében hozott intézkedések az alábbiakban csoportosíthatók és foglalhatók össze.
1.	Közérthető nyelven íródott kiadványok megjelentetése
2016-ban az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya megbízásából a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Ökológiai Kutatóközpontja elkészítette az Inváziós fajok terjedési útvonalainak átfogó elemzése és hazai értékelése című elemzést, mely az inváziós fajok terjedési útvonalainak átfogó elemzését és értékelését tartalmazza, mind a növény, mind az állatfajok tekintetében. A bevezetés (1. fejezet) után a kötet 2. fejezete kiemelten foglalkozik a kiemelt útvonalak azonosításával és elemzésével. Összesen 13 utat nevez meg, úgymint például dísznövénytermesztés, turizmus, vadászat. A harmadik fejezet sorra veszi az Európai Unió számára veszélyt jelentő inváziós fajok egy részét, melyek közül több szerepel az uniós jegyzéken is. A fejezet összesen 23 fajt (13 növényfaj, 10 állatfaj) érint, melyek szerepelnek a már elfogadott két uniós jegyzéken. A fajokról szóló részek a következő alrészeket tartalmazzák: azonosítás, őshonos elterjedési terület, behurcolt elterjedési terület, európai és magyarországi jelenlét, behurcolás története, környezeti igények, élőhely, adott inváziós faj ismert hatásai, behurcolás legvalószínűbb módjai/útvonalai, javaslatok a behurcolás megelőzésére és a korai figyelmeztetésre. A kötet utolsó, 4. fejezete szakmai javaslatokat ad a magyarországi nemzeti lista szóba jöhető inváziós fajairól. Maga a szintézis riport tehát kiemelten foglalkozik a bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakkal, valamint példákon keresztül tárgyalja a megteendő intézkedéseket is.
Az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya által készített, közérthető nyelven íródott Hódítás úton, útfélen - Idegenhonos inváziós fajok bekerülési és terjedési útvonalai című kiadvány felhasználja az előzőekben ismertetett tanulmány megállapításainak egy részét, ugyanakkor teljes egészében a magyar állami természetvédelem látásmódját tükrözi. Az első fejezetben a terjedési útvonalak típusait mutatjuk be, majd a második fejezetben a hazai és nemzetközi környezetről ejtünk szót. Ezt követően részletesen ismertetjük a kiemelt vonulási útvonalakat, példákkal, számszerűsített adatokkal illusztrálva. Magyarországon a következő bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakra térünk ki, mint amelyek a legfontosabbak: kereskedelem, mezőgazdaság, erdőgazdálkodás, halgazdálkodás, vadgazdálkodás, dísznövények, kedvtelésből és bemutatási célból tartott fajok, szárazföldi közlekedés, vízi közlekedés, turizmus, spontán terjedés. Minden egyes fejezetet alegységekre osztottunk, attól függően, hány altípus sorolható be az egyes útvonalakba. A szintézis riport a megelőző és kezelési intézkedésekkel zárul, többek között taglaljuk a jogi szabályozást, az ellenőrzéseket és a regionális együttműködési lehetőségeket. Összességében tömör áttekintést adunk a kiemelt bekerülési és terjedési útvonalakra, valamint a megteendő intézkedésekre.
2.	Ismeretterjesztő anyagok az uniós jegyzékeken szereplő növény- és állatfajokról
Az első uniós jegyzék kihirdetését (2016.07.13.) követően a nemzeti park igazgatóságokkal karöltve a Természetmegőrzési Főosztály munkatársai elkezdték összeállítani az uniós jegyzéken szereplő növény- és állatfajok ismeretterjesztő anyagait (határozólapjait). A határozólapok alapvetően rövid, kétoldalas ismertetőlapok az adott idegenhonos inváziós fajról, melyek többféle célt szolgálnak. Egyrészt a kormányhivatali munkatársak az ellenőrzések során magukkal vihetik, tájékoztatva a kereskedőket a fajokról. Másrészt mind a közembereknek, mind a szakembereknek adatokat és információkat szolgáltatnak az egyes fajokról, beleértve a legfrissebb kutatási adatokkal alátámasztott elterjedési térképeket is az országban. A határozólapok erőssége, hogy a hasonló fajokat egymás mellett ábrázolja, és részletesen leírja, illetve ábrán bemutatja, hogyan is kell őket egymástól megkülönböztetni. A határozólapok felépítése a következő: nevezéktan, elterjedés, behurcolás módjai, élőhely, megjelenés és szaporodás, hatás az őshonos élővilágra, határozóbélyegek. példaként csatoljuk a sárga tóalma (Ludwigia peploides) és a nílusi lúd (Alopechen aegyptiaca) határozólapjait.
3.	Kormányhivatalok által összeállított tájékoztatók a kisállat-kereskedések, dísznövény-kereskedések és hasonló üzletek részére
A kormányhivatalok folyamatos feladatai közé tartozik a kisállat-kereskedések, dísznövény-kereskedések és hasonló üzletek ellenőrzése. Ez különösen intenzív volt az inváziós jogszabály hatályba lépése utáni első időszakban, amikor a cél a kereskedők jogkövető magatartásra való szorítása volt. Az első ellenőrzések alkalmával a hatósági dolgozók sok esetben szóban vagy az általuk, illetve a Természetmegőrzési Főosztály által készített tájékoztatók átadásával ismertették a jogszabály legfontosabb elemeit és a rajta szereplő fajokat, és nem szankcionáltak.
4.	Plakátok
A 2018-as évben két nagyméretű plakát készült el. Ezek közül az egyik a magyarországi katicabogarakkal foglalkozik. Bár az uniós inváziós jegyzéken nem szerepel a harlekinkatica (Harmonia axyridis), mégis az egyik legveszélyesebb idegenhonos inváziós fajként tartják számon egész Európában, így Magyarországon is. A poszter összesen 25 katicafajt ábrázol (Magyarországon 89 őshonos), ezek közül az egyik az egyetlen idegenhonos fajunk, a harlekinkatica. Minden fajnál szerepel jellemző élőhelyük és táplálékuk, a harlekinkatica veszélyességéről pedig rövid szöveges ismertető szól.
A másik poszter a teknősfajokkal foglalkozik. Szerepel rajta az uniós jegyzéken is szereplő ékszerteknős (Trachemys scripta), a Magyarországon őshonos mocsári teknős (Emys orbicularis), a házi kedvencként gyakran tartott pézsmateknős (Sternotherus odoratus) és a görög teknős (Testudo hermanni), valamint a veszélyes állatként nyilvántartott alligátorteknős (Chelydra serpentina). Mindegyik teknősfajnál tematikusan kerül bemutatásra, hogy mit szabad és mit nem szabad velük tenni („Tedd” – „Ne tedd”), valamint egy rövid összefoglalás található a teknősök tartásának jogi szabályozásáról.
5.	Inváziós téma honlapon való megjelentetése
Az uniós jogszabály hatálybalépése óta az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya üzemeltet egy aloldalt a magyar állami természetvédelem honlapján belül, mely kimondottan az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal foglalkozik. Ennek elérhetősége az alábbi: http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/idegenhonos-invazios-fajok. A rövid bevezető szöveg után ismertető található az uniós jogi szabályozásról, valamint annak hazai végrehajtásáról. Az uniós két jegyzéken szereplő 49 növény- és állatfaj táblázatosan szerepel a hazai előfordulási jellemzőkkel. Az oldalon megtalálhatóak az idegenhonos inváziós fajok magyarországi tudományos alapú jegyzékei (http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/termeszetes-allat-es-novenyvilagra-veszelyt-jelento-idegenhonos-invazios-fajok-hazai-tudomanyos-alapu-jegyzekei), valamint letölthetőek az idegenhonos inváziós fajokról szóló kiadványok. Ugyanígy elérhetőek és letölthetőek a szakmai napokon és konferenciákon elhangzott előadások (http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/invazios-fajokkal-kapcsolatos-kiadvanyok; http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/invazios-fajokkal-kapcsolatos-konferenciak-eloadasok)
A tervek szerint 2019 őszén elindul egy új inváziós honlap külön domain fülön, melynek a tematikája és az első verziója készen van, jelenleg a tesztelés zajlik. A honlap a korábbihoz képest lényegesen modernebb külsőt kap és maximálisan felhasználóbarát lesz. A honlap egyik része („Ismerd meg!) az inváziós fajok bemutatására szorítkozik, leírásokkal, képekkel, stb. E menüponton belül lesznek láthatók a terjedési útvonalak, az egyes kiadványok, valamint minden egyéb szakirodalom. Ezek többsége természetesen letölthető lesz. A „Kezeld okosan!” menüpont az egyes fajok kezelésével fog foglalkozni, bemutatva az egyes módszertani technikákat, akcióterveket, és külön erőssége, hogy esettanulmányokat fog ismertetni. A „Tegyél érte!” menüpont kimondottan a közembereket szólítja meg. Ismerteti, hogy a mindennapi életünk során mit tehetünk a kertben, a lakásban és az egyes területeken az idegenhonos inváziós fajok visszaszorítása érdekében. Ráadásul egy külön adatlapon mindenki beküldheti, mit tett a fajok visszaszorítása érdekében. A „Légy szabályos!” menüpont a nemzetközi és jogi helyzetet mutatja be. A honlapon lesz szó a közeljövő eseményeiről, konferenciákról, szakmai napokról, sajtómegjelenésekről, és nem utolsó sorban igyekszünk majd egy-egy aktuális hírt megjeleníteni. Külön kezeljük a gazdálkodókat és a környezeti nevelés által legjobban megfogható korosztályt, vagyis a fiatalokat. Ennek megfelelően külön menüpont fog szólni a gazdálkodókhoz, kiemelve az inváziós fajokat, továbbá azt, hogy azokat hogyan tudják irtani, esettanulmányokkal szemléltetve. Agrártámogatásokhoz kapcsolódó előírásokat, támogatásokat, pályázatokat egyaránt szerepeltetünk majd. A fiatalabb korosztályok részére többek között iskolai segédanyagokat (óravázlatok, előadások, stb.) szeretnénk biztosítani, és minél inkább rábírni a fiatalokat, hogy vegyenek részt az ilyen fajok kezelésében. Végezetül az érdeklődőknek is külön menüpont lesz, ahol a sok egyéb mellett kiemeljük a kedvtelésből tartott növény- és állatfajok listája és hogy azokról mit kell tudniuk.
6.	Szakmai, információs napok
Az uniós inváziós jogszabály hatályba lépése óta több tematikus értekezletet, workshopot, nyílt napot tartottunk, ezek többsége a közemberek részére szólt. Öt rendezvényt érdemes kiemelni. 2016. április 19-21. között a Turjánvidék LIFE projekt keretében a Duna Ipoly Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság és a WWF Magyarország az özönnövények elleni védekezés témájában szervezett nemzetközi műhelytalálkozót, amely a Pannon biogeográfiai szeminárium utórendezvényei sorába is bekerült. Többek között téma volt az inváziós fajok monitoringja, a tudományos kutatók szerepe a fajok visszaszorításában, valamint számos esettanulmány ismertettek. 2016. május 2-5. között a EUROPARC Szövetség Közép- és Kelet-Európai Szekciója inváziós fajokkal kapcsolatos találkozóját Hortobágyon rendezte. A házigazda Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park Igazgatóság az elméleti szekció mellett terepi bejárást is szervezett. Az előadásokon szóba került az inváziós fajok visszaszorítása a gyepterületeken és utóbbi élőhelyek helyreállítása, szó esett inváziós halfajokról, növényekről, valamint az egyes országok bemutatták a legjobb esettanulmányaikat.
Az Agrárminisztérium Természetmegőrzési Főosztálya három tematikus értekezletet tartott a nagyközönségnek, beleértve a szakembereket is. Mindhárom rendezvény igen nagy érdeklődésre tartott számot, körülbelül 150 ember vett részt mindegyiken. A témák széles palettán mozogtak, kezdve az uniós jogszabály ismertetésétől és az ebből következő hazai feladatoktól, esettanulmányok bemutatásától, egészen a hatóságok beszámolójáig vagy az az inváziós rovarfajok ismertetéséig. Az előadások az alábbi linken érhetők el: http://www.termeszetvedelem.hu/invazios-fajokkal-kapcsolatos-konferenciak-eloadasok.
7.	Közvélemény-kutatás az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal kapcsolatban
2017. december 1-15. között a felnőtt lakosság körében a Századvég Alapítvány felmérést végzett, melynek célja az idegenhonos inváziós fajokkal kapcsolatos tudáshiány feltérképezése és a köztudatban élő helytelen ismeretek kutatása volt. Összességében kijelenthető, hogy a köztudatban benne van az inváziós fajok kérdésköre, így az ismeretterjesztő munka során most már a konkrét fajokkal kapcsolatos ismeretek terjesztésére lenne érdemesebb ráerősíteni (pl. előadásokkal oktatási intézményekben).


actionPlans:
Action plan is under work, preliminary completion date is 28 June 2019.

addInfo:
Several files have been uploaded for the above costs and for the surveillance system.

costs:
Costs are divided between regional and national authorities. For the regional actions data is largely lacking, as they became formally responsible for IAS in January 2019. The costs reported for the measures in this report amount to 5,5 MSEK, which is likely less thasn half of the actual costs involved. National level costs for SEPA and SwAM are given in the documents uploaded in the envelope

controlSystem:
Official control of IAS in Sweden is carried out by the competent authorities described in the attached document.

surveillanceSystem:
Sweden’s approach to monitoring and surveillance of IAS is three-pronged: firstly, for early detection and rapid response we rely on citizen science tools, mainly the newly developed mobile-friendly web tool https://invasivaarter.nu, linked to the Swedish Species Information Centre at SLU, the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Reported observations are validated by experts and subsequently included in the national species database hosted by SLU. There is also a dedicated tool for reporting marine and aquatic alien species, known as Rappen (https://www.havochvatten.se/rappen) but the data goes into the same database. According to the national ordinance on invasive alien species (2018-1939), effective from 1 January 2019), all national, regional and local authorities are required to report occurrences of IAS to the Competent Authority, i.e. the SEPA (terrestrial species) or SwAM (marine and aquatic species).
Second, for regular monitoring Sweden has chosen to integrate efforts into existing national monitoring programmes (described in attached document). This is implemented by the National monitoring programme for freshwater crayfish and for the signal crayfish. Furthermore, the national monitoring programmes for the effects of nuclear power plants’ warm water emission has a dedicated programme for non-indigenous species in marine and brackish environments. In accordance with MSFD, a national monitoring programme has been developed for non-indigenous species and tested to detect new introduced species in harbours, fairways and specific areas identified as hotspots for introductions. The programme is based on HELCOM and OSPAR port survey protocols and has been modified and evaluated in the field to fit the purpose of the Swedish MSFD monitoring programme. It will successively be operational from 2019. Other monitoring programmes will be required to report observations of IAS of union concern as part of their regular monitoring efforts. 
Third and finally, a regional monitoring programme dedicated to IAS is under development in cooperation with regional and local authorities, with planned implementation during 2020.

informPublic:
Sweden has taken measures to inform the public generally about the presence of invasive alien species, risks involved and the desired actions to be taken for a selection of species. See details and associated costs in attached file. 
We have implemented awareness raising measures for identified stakeholder groups (mainly gardening business sector and amateur gardening groups) as well as dedicated communication (including films) addressing the risks posed by keeping species of Union concern. Sweden has no list of species of Member State concern, but we have cooperated extensively with Norway on risk assessment of IAS for Nordic conditions, as a first step toward such a list.


addInfo:
RVO.nl heeft naast de voorgeschreven controles van de Verordening IUS een risico-gericht handhavingsbeleid voor de bestuursrechtelijke handhaving als bedoeld in artikel 30 van de Verordening IUS. Een belangrijke pijler hiervoor is een risico-analyse van de onderkende doelgroepen. Daarnaast behandelt RVO.nl ingediende handhavingsverzoeken. Het instrumentarium voor de bestuursrechtelijke handhaving wordt ontleend aan de Algemene wet bestuursrecht. 

Policy plans of the provinces of Gelderland and Utrecht (additional to file 'Beschrijving provinciale inzet op IAS'): 
https://gelderland.stateninformatie.nl/document/7145716/1/Bijlage_Plan_van_aanpak_Invasieve_Exoten_Gelderland_%28PS2018-856%29
https://www.stateninformatie.provincie-utrecht.nl/Vergaderingen/Commissie-Ruimte-Groen-en-Water/2019/04-februari/13:00/2019RGW17-03-Programma-Invasieve-Exoten.pdf.


actionPlans:
Website for actionsplans and management of pathways: https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/national-naturbeskyttelse/invasive-arter/hvad-goer-myndighederne/love-og-regler/eu-forordningen/spredningsveje/
Link to pathway analysis: https://mst.dk/media/174931/mst_report-ias_eu_list_2018-12-12final.pdf

addInfo:
The EU Regulation is in large implemented in the Danish Action plan on Invasive Species: https://eng.mst.dk/media/191170/04_uk_handlingsplan_invasive-arter_a4.pdf

costs:
Attached document includes the Danish budget for implementing the EU-regulation on invasive alien species. The budget in 2020 and 2021 will be 11 million DKK.

controlSystem:
The Danish Ministry of Environment and Food has made a cooperation agreement with The Danish Customs and Tax Administration, which requires customs and border control to act when finding EU-listed invasive species.

surveillanceSystem:
Online registration portal: http://invasive-arter.dk/Menu.aspx
Invasive alien species are registered in the Danish national registration portal for invasive alien species, in NOVANA (Surveillance of water and nature under the habitatdirective) and in ad hoc projects.

informPublic:
Campaigns on horticulture, invasive crayfish, pets, aquariums and invasive predators are planned, and some completed. See more in description document. 
Materials from campaigns can be found here: https://mst.dk/natur-vand/natur/national-naturbeskyttelse/invasive-arter/hvad-goer-myndighederne/tiltag/kampagner/


actionPlans:
There is still no action plan(s) referred to in Article 13(2) of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 developed. However, within the project ‘East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species – A tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria’ (ESENIAS-TOOLS, 2015-2017, Contract D-33-51/30.06.2015) analyses of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern in Bulgaria were made and some priority pathways identified.

costs:
There is no comprehensive information available yet.
The planned budget for elaboration of the National system for early detection and warning within the project ‘Development of a national early detection and warning system for alien species’ is about 25000 EUR.

controlSystem:
The official control system is described in the National Biological Diversity Act (State Gazette No 77/2002, updated November 2018; https://www.lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2135456926), in particular in the following articles:
Art. 67: Introduction into the wild, as well as import, breeding and cultivation of non-native animal, plant and fungal species, including subspecies and varieties, shall be admitted provided that this is not detrimental to any natural habitats in their natural range in the natural range thereof or to any native species of wild flora, fauna and mycota or or to any populations thereof. The Article further appeals to take into account the Regulation (EC) 1143/2014;
Art. 70: Provides on the trade of invasive alien species of European Union concern;
Art. 72 (1) States that the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences with its specialised institutes, permanent scientific staff and associated experts is the scientific advisory body for the implementation of Regulation 338/97 and Regulation (EC) No 1143/2014);
Art. 73 Provides on the border control for the import and export of species;
Art. 86 States that customs authorities are the competent national authority for the implementation of Art. 15 of the Regulation (EC) 1143/2014: ‘The customs authorities shall carry out customs supervision and control on the import and/or export of specimens of species under Art. 43a and Art. 70 in and out of the customs territory of the Republic of Bulgaria in accordance with this Act, the customs legislation and the requirements of: …. and (3). Regulation (EC) 1143/2014’.

surveillanceSystem:
An official surveillance system has not been established yet. Major preparatory steps have been implemented in this respect:
1. Protocols for monitoring of selected taxonomic and ecological groups of alien species in Bulgaria, including the species of EU concern, have been developed within the project ‘Improving Bulgarian Biodiversity Information System’ (IBBIS, 2015-2017, Contract D-33-72/20.07.2015). The methods are under testing and will be submitted to the Ministry of Environment and Water for official approval and adoption.
2. A five-year research project ‘Development of a national early detection and warning system for alien species’ started on 06 December 2018. The project has been implemented in the framework of the National Science Program ‘Environmental Protection and Reduction of Risks of Adverse Events and Natural Disasters", approved by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers № 577/17.08.2018 and supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria (Agreement DО-230/06.12.2018). The project aims are: 1). Development of a national system for early detection and warning for invasive alien species, with a focus on the IAS species of EU concern; and 2). Increasing the national scientific capacity for the prevention and control of invasive alien species. It is expected that at the end of the project a scientifically well-grounded concept for a national early detection and alert system for alien species will be proposed, including: a network of sites to be periodically monitored for introduction, establishment and spread of alien species in Bulgaria, with an emphasis on the IAS of EU concern; monitoring protocols; responsible institutions and; and means and mechanisms for disseminating information about the invasive alien species.

weblinkPermits:
There are no permits issued in the reporting period.

informPublic:
Measures and tools to inform the public in the reported period include the following:

1. Public events, information campaigns and training courses within the frames of the projects:

East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species – A tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria (ESENIAS-TOOLS; D-33-51/30.06.2015) (2015-2017); Funding: Financial Mechanism of the European Economic Area 2009-2014, Programme BG03 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services; Project co-ordinator: Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (IBER-BAS); http://esenias.org/

Improving the Bulgarian Biodiversity Information System (IBBIS; D-33-72/20.07.2015) Task: Development of a module for data collection and risk assessment of invasive alien species in Bulgaria (2015-2017); Funding: Financial Mechanism of the European Economic Area 2009-2014, Programme BG03 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services; Project co-ordinator: IBER-BAS

Pilot-study (data collection) on invasive alien species in the Danube Region with a smartphone application developed by the JRC (Danube-IASapp; Contract No. 650084); Funding: EC DG Joint Research Centre; Project co-ordinator: IBER-BAS

LIFE IAS Free Habitats - Collaborative management for conservation of forest and grassland habitats negatively affected by IAS in Bulgaria (LIFE16 NAT/BG/000856);  Project co-ordinator: Information and Nature Conservation Foundation; https://invasiveplants.eu/

2. Exhibitions

A permanent exhibition of invasive alien species was prepared and arranged at the National Museum of Natural History in Sofia under the ESENIAS-TOOLS project (opened on 26.01.2017). The exhibition includes specimens of IAS of EU concern, such as Myocastor coypus, Ondatra zibethicus, Trachemys scripta, Pseudorasbora parva, Orconectes limosus, etc.

3. Information on websites and social media pages

Website and module on invasive alien species for Bulgaria as part of the Biodiversity Information System developed within the IBBIS project and maintained by the Executive Environment Agency, http://eea.government.bg/ (public site under development)
https://ecosys.eea.government.bg/ias/
Website of the East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species (ESENIAS): http://www.esenias.org/
Webpages of the ESENIAS-TOOLS project:
http://esenias.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=367:esenias-tools-news-1&catid=88:esenias-tools-project-category&Itemid=127
http://esenias.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=88&Itemid=127
Species Alerts on the ESENIAS website:
http://esenias.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=48&Itemid=87
Website of the LIFE IAS Free Habitats Project:
https://invasiveplants.eu/
Facebook page on invasive alien plant species, including the IAS of EU concern: https://www.facebook.com/IASFreeHabitats 
Facebook page on invasive alien species, including the IAS of EU concern: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1153715148136912/ 

4. Publications

Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf

Dissemination of about 300 copies of a book on invasive alien species of vascular plants in Bulgaria. The book was issued in 2012 in Bulgarian, and in 2013 in English, and covers some species from the Union List. The English version is available on the Internet: https://www.esenias.org/files/IAS_Plants_Bulgaria_2013_En-1.pdf 
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271203897_Invasive_Alien_Species_of_Vascular_Plants_in_Bulgaria 

Leaflets and posters:

The worst invasive alien species of plants, including information on the Regulation 1143 (poster)
https://invasiveplants.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/invasive-plants_poster.pdf 

Trichkova T., Tomov T., Vladimirov V. 2017. East and South European Network for Invasive Alien Species – A tool to support the management of alien species in Bulgaria (ESENIAS-TOOLS). NEO Art – Silistra, 12 pp.
http://esenias.org/files/ESENIASdiplian2016screen-1.pdf 

Trichkova T. 2018. Danube Region Invasive Alien Species Network. NEO Art – Silistra, 6 pp. 
http://esenias.org/files/DIASdiplian2018.pdf


addInfo:
The UK has undertaken a comprehensive pathway analysis that includes species of Union Concern, but goes beyond this to take into account the impact of all established non-native species in Great Britain.  While not a reporting requirement, we have included this analysis as additional information (attached).


actionPlans:
The action plan is described in the attached file

costs:
The cost of action is described in the attached file

controlSystem:
The official control system is described in the attached file

surveillanceSystem:
The surveillance system is described in the attached file

weblinkPermits:
No permits have been issued in Cyprus during the reporting period


weblinkPermits:
http://In the reporting period no permits were issued

informPublic:
The public can get/download information about IAS from the State Nature Conservancy of the SR official webpage: http://www.sopsr.sk/invazne-web/. See enclosed file.


actionPlans:
The Action plan is not ready yet for submission.

addInfo:
A note on the projection of the mapped distribution data provided for Section A, Question 4 and Section B, Question 5 is uploaded as a Pdf file titled: IAS_DistributionMaps_ProjectionNote_Ireland_May2019.pdf
Note on projections of species distribution maps provided for IAS of Union Concern and IAS of Member State Concern
Ireland, May2019 
While the reporting guidelines specify that shape files should be submitted in ETRS89/LAEA/EPSG:3035 projection, we were unable to accommodate that requirement in this reporting iteration. 
The National Biodiversity Data Centre’s data holdings are mapped in the TM75 / Irish Grid - EPSG:29903 projection. All grid square geometries are drawn using 29903. Grid squares drawn in 29903 are drawn parallel to 29903 grid lines. Since the grid lines of 3035 and 29903 are not in alignment the grid convergences will therefore be different. Hence even when re-projected to 3035, 29903 grid squares appear skewed/tilted when viewed in a 3035 data frame and vice versa. 
The only plausible way for us to achieve 3035 grid squares would be to regenerate all grid squares in 3035 from the 29903 grid square centre points. This however would be a very large volume of work and would also require intensive validation to ensure the accuracy of the transformed grid geometries. 
In the interest of accuracy and timely reporting it was decided to submit the 29903 shape files which are known to be validated and spatially correct. 
When last we submitted 29903 shape files for several species during EASIN baseline reporting, said squares were incorporated into the EASIN dataset without apparent issue. It is hoped that this will again be the case.
If you have queries on this matter or input on how we might in future accurately transform the 29903 grid squares to 3035 we would be happy to facilitate same.

controlSystem:
IAS Reporting: Description of official controls system in Ireland
Article 15 (Official Controls)

While EU Regulation 1143/2014 is directly applicable across the Union, national implementing legislation is currently being prepared to give effect to certain aspects of the Regulation in the Irish context, including the designation of competent authorities. However, the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht’s National Parks and Wildlife Service is the de facto competent authority during this time for the purposes implementing the EU Regulation.  
Under the existing legislative framework in Ireland, the national authorities responsible for control of entry at border and customs points are already implementing the EU IAS Regulation with respect to the Union list. Customs officials and officials of the Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine (DAFM) are present at the main points of entry into Ireland, including all major airports and seaports, and there are arrangements in place, in line with Article 15.7, to facilitate information sharing and liaison between the agencies involved, including officials from the National Parks and Wildlife Service, and all relevant agencies are aware of the restrictions involved.
In addition, the regime governing the licensing of zoos in Ireland, which also falls under the remit of this Department, has been updated to include provision in its inspections to check and monitor for compliance with the EU IAS Regulation. The Irish Standards for Modern Zoo Practice outline this: 
A5.14: Zoos must have regard to legislation dealing with the control of invasive alien species including EU Regulation 1143/2014 and the relevant provisions of the Birds and Natural Habitats Regulations 2011 (S.I. 477 of 2011). 
In relation to Article 15.8, this Department has organized a series of training sessions at several locations in Ireland in recent years on the impact of the EU Regulation for staff involved in dealing with invasive alien species. This training also included staff from other relevant public authorities, including DAFM and Customs. Further training sessions on IAS issues, as well as cross-cutting issues such as zoos and CITES, will be organized to take place in July 2019. 
The general provisions of Article 15 in relation to official controls are being provided for in the national implementing legislation which is being drafted by this Department. In conjunction with this, a permit system will also be provided for in line with Article 8 of the Regulation.
Officials from this Department also maintain regular contact with officials from DAFM in relation to invasive alien species. DAFM inspectors are present at airports and seaports in Ireland (points of entry) and are responsible, in cooperation with the Customs authorities, for the control of entry into the jurisdiction of flora and fauna. They play an important role in the monitoring of species entering the country and it is envisaged that they will also be designated as a competent authority with respect to this aspect of the EU Regulation. 

NPWS 30 MAY 2019

surveillanceSystem:
Full document with table and Figure availbale from uploaded Pdf.
Description of Ireland’s Surveillance System under Art. 14 for IAS of Union Concern – May 2019
Background
The level of surveillance effort for detection and monitoring of the 49 IAS of Union concern is dependent on the distribution and status of the species in Ireland or on the likelihood of it being introduced in the near future.  The species are listed in one of three categories of surveillance ‘effort’. These are:
1)	Species occurring in the environment
For species that are either established in Ireland or have a number of recent verified sightings but are not currently known to be established, then existing public body, authority regulated, and Citizen science and research surveillance systems are utilized as appropriate.  
2)	Species not known to occur in the environment
For species not known to occur in the environment but which have either been recorded in Ireland in recent years as casual occurrences or are at high alert for risk of introduction, then existing public body, authority regulated and/or Citizen science and research surveillance systems will be utilized as appropriate.  Additionally, implementation of sentinel surveillance systems may be deployed for these species should the risk of entry be elevated. 
3)	Species unlikely to be introduced in the short-term
For species not known to occur in Ireland and are at low risk of introduction in the near future, active inclusion in surveillance system recording will not be progressed at this time. However, relevant recording networks will be made aware of these listed species and the infrastructure to facilitate their reporting should they be encountered is in place. The need for active for surveillance for these species will be periodically reviewed. 
Consideration is given to when sentinel surveillance systems are to be implemented and to what extent. The approach used by Ireland is to implement surveillance for species when the risk of their entry is elevated.
Table 1. outlines the surveillance systems used for detection of the 49 IAS of Union concern.
Implemented Surveillance Systems
The surveillance data is generated from professional and citizen science surveys and from submission of casual ad hoc sightings.  The approach used is incorporation of surveillance for the IAS of Union concern into existing established surveillance and monitoring programmes. Where surveillance gaps are identified, new surveillance programmes are implemented on a priority basis. 
At a national scale, surveillance is undertaken or coordinated by the national bodies already engaging with surveillance and monitoring. These include National Parks and Wildlife Service, Inland Fisheries Ireland, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Marine Institute and Transport Infrastructure Ireland. Authority regulated systems are also utilized to gather surveillance data including hunting licence holders reporting animals shot. Non-governmental Organisations and Volunteer groups also maintain national level surveillance and monitoring schemes. At a regional and local level, Local Authorities are involved to varying degrees in IAS surveillance.  Citizen scientists and an infrastructure to support ad hoc casual sighting reports are pivotal in gathering surveillance data.
An overview listing of the surveillance data sources used for Article 24 reporting per general taxonomic group of IAS of Union concern species is provided below. This list is not exhaustive but indicate of the main contributions.
Plants
­	Habitats Directive Monitoring Programme (National)
­	Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland – (national)
­	Online Atlas of Vascular Plants 2012-2020 (national - not systematic but good geographic coverage)
­	Casual ad hoc sightings (collated in the National Invasive Species Database)
­	National Roads Invasive Alien Plants Project (national)
­	Environmental Protection Agency River Biologists Dataset (national)
­	DuhallowLIFE project (regional)
­	Various Local Authority initiated surveys (local)
­	Various community surveys (local)
Mammals and Trachemys species
­	Atlas of Mammals in Ireland 2010-2015 (national - not systematic but good geographic coverage)
­	Mammals of Ireland 2016-2025 (national)
­	Casual ad hoc sightings (collated in the National Invasive Species Database) 
Birds
­	Irish Wetland Birds Survey (I-WeBS) surveys (national)
­	Irish Birding Sightings (natinal – ad hoc sightings)
­	Irish Birds publication series (national)
Crustaceans
­	Sentinel surveillance via the Environmental Protection Agency River Biologists Water Framework Directive water quality monitoring (national)
­	National Crayfish Plague Monitoring Programme – includes eDNA sampling for non-native crayfish species (national)
Challenges and data flow:
A foreseen issue with value/use for some occurrence data with these surveys is that only the genus has been recorded. For example there are two species of Gunnera in Ireland, one is an Invasive Alien Species of Union concern, the other is not currently known to be invasive. There are also smaller either species-specific or geographically restricted surveys carried out, often paid for by other funding streams such as LEADER funding, the data of which is either not publicly available or may not be digitized/stored in a format easily used for reporting. 

It is highly likely that an increasing amount of the occurrence data generated in the future will come from citizen scientists and that the data will be submitted via online/app tools. All of these records go through an internal (National Biodiversity Data Centre) validation and verification checking process. Much of this verification will be dependent on review of photographic evidence. Rare or newly introduced species to Ireland will require specimen evidence. Where needed, external experts are requested to verify the species identity. Data received through existing state monitoring programme datasets (e.g. River Biologists' Database (EPA)) will be accepted as verified without additional checking.  Figure 1. below presents a simplified schema of the surveillance data flow from recording of the sighting to submission of data on IAS of Union concern from Ireland to the European Commission for EU Regulation on Invasive Alien Species reporting.

weblinkPermits:
No Permits issued for this reporting period.

informPublic:
Ireland’s awareness measures taken to inform the public about IAS of Union Concern
 – May 2019
To enable effective prevention of introduction and spread, surveillance and early detection, and, eradication and management measures of the IAS of Union concern, public awareness and engagement is pivotal. An overview description of the awareness measures taken to inform the public about the IAS of Union concern and how their actions can contribute to tackling the threat from these listed species.

Online resources
Species accounts: After the first 37 IAS of Union concern were formally listed, the National Biodiversity Data Centre published online species accounts for each species. This has now expanded to the 49 IAS of Union concern. Each profile contains referenced information on status of the species in Ireland i.e. present or absent, legal status and level of invasive risk. Information to identify and manage the species is also given with access to interactive maps of the species distribution in Ireland (if present) through Biodiversity Maps and globally through GBIF maps.  Additional information is also available. See: https://species.biodiversityireland.ie/

Identification sheets: Identification sheets for many of the IAS of Union concern in Ireland and some species at more imminent risk of entry have been published online with hard copies disseminated widely. See: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/invasive-species/id-guides/  An identification guide with simple tips on how to tell non-native crayfish apart from the native protected White-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) has also been produced and disseminated widely:  http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/CrayfishID-photos.pdf and http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/crayfish-identification/ 

Biosecurity information: To support informed decision making on how best to prevent introduction and spread of IAS of Union concern and other invasive species and pathogens, three biosecurity campaigns are continually promoted. These are Be Plant Wise: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/invasive-species/be-plant-wise/ , Be Bet Wise: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/invasive-species/be-pet-wise/  and Check, Clean, Dry & Disinfect: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/invasive-species/check-clean-dry/ . A series of information leaflets have been published and provided to many stakeholder and community groups. Specifically, due to recent Crayfish Plague outbreaks in Ireland, signage has been erected on all infected rivers promoting the need to Check, Clean, Dry & Disinfect and to report any suspected sightings of non-native crayfish species: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/NPWS-Crayfish-Plague-A3-INFECTED.pdf 
Sighting submission portal: To support submission of suspected or verified sightings of IAS of Union concern and other invasive species, an online invasive species recording form has been published: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/NPWS-Crayfish-Plague-A3-INFECTED.pdf This is also available from the general Biodiversity Data Capture App. These easy to use sighting reporting tools are very frequently promoted and used.
The IAS Regulation: Links to the EU IAS Regulation and answers to Frequently Asked Questions on the IAS Regulation including responsibilities is available from the National Parks and Wildlife Service website: https://www.npws.ie/legislation/eu-regulation-invasive-alien-species 

Social media, and in particular Twitter, is an increasingly popular and seemingly effective tool for raising awareness and issuing update notices on IAS of Union concern. The National Biodiversity Data Centre’s @BioDataCentre Twitter account has over 12,500 followers and the Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht @DeptAHG has nearly 7,000 followers. Both accounts regularly post on IAS of Union Concern related issues.  
Traditional Media used where possible to raise awareness and there are regular contributions on national, regional and local newspaper and magazine print and radio and occasional on national television.
Direct person to person engagement has been delivered through presentations and demonstrations/workshops. 
Cooperation and coordination with other Member States Cooperation and coordination with the United Kingdom are ongoing and most recently, Ireland joined again in the annual awareness raising event Invasive Species Week. This was simultaneously participated in by the British-Irish Council administrations of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, England, Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Mann. See: http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/invasive-species/invasive-species-week/ 
Pathway Action Plans and widespread species Management Measures plans have not yet been published for public engagement and consultation.


addInfo:
Disclaimer! 
Due to the lack of time and human resources, this reporting may not be as completed and correct as possible. If later on, Member States are given the possibility to update their reporting, this will be done. 

Section A: 
Not all common names of the species exist in Luxemburgish language. Since french and german are also official languages in Luxembourg, one can use one of those to refer to a species. 

Section C
Priority pathways 
- The analysis of the priority pathways is still a draft and we'll be soon adapted (see annex for the draft study). The species covered in the priority pathways are only the ones already established in LU, as detailed in the draft study. However, to give an idea how prevention would work and which other species would be covered by the action plan(s), some other species were added to the reporting.  
- The action plans are not available yet. We could not validate the reporting without putting a web link, therefore we entered a web link that may be used for that case in the future.

costs:
Due to the lack of data, we are not able to give a consistent estimation. However, in the document attached, we tried to estimate the costs for the following actions: capacity building, surveillance system, official controls, rapid eradication, management measures, establishment inspections and other. 

For some specific actions like the surveillance system we do have some specific data, which allows to give a better picture of the real costs.

controlSystem:
The official controls are performed by the “Administration des douanes et accises” with a risk-based approach. The relevant codes are controlled and if there are suspicions or evidences of non-conformities, the administration contact the competent authority for further information and instructions.

surveillanceSystem:
Our national surveillance system is based on the national data base called “Recorder”. There are 2 main types of data collection: 1) search of IAS in the framework of surveys and 2) casual records. 
As foreseen in the EU Regulation, the Luxemburgish surveillance system has been initiated in consideration of other monitorings. Several adaptations have been applied in order to include the search of IAS.
Casual records are recorded via iNaturalist and the museums website (data.mnhn.lu). The system is highly dynamic, because once an IAS is encoded in the Recorder database an alert email is sent to a group of specialists.

informPublic:
Many measures were taken to inform the public. One main public conference specific to this subject was organized in 2018. Other conferences to inform and sensibilize specialists took also place in 2017 and 2018. 
There is also websites that compile information on the subject. there is namely neobiota.lu, which is a website that regroups all the information related to invasive alien species in Luxembourg. 
Moreover, some articles were published in the press.


actionPlans:
Die nicht vorsätzlichen Einbringungs- und Ausbreitungspfade der Arten der Unionsliste wurden auf Grundlage der EU-Risikobewertungen und Experteneinschätzungen anhand der CBD-Pfadterminologie für Österreich im Jahr 2018 erhoben. Da keine quantitativen Daten zu den Pfaden in Österreich vorliegen, sind die Zuordnungen manchmal mit Unsicherheiten behaftet. 
Es wurde das Artenvolumen (= die Zahl der Arten, die durch einen bestimmten Pfad eingebracht oder ausgebreitet wurden) als Maß für die Beurteilung der Bedeutung der Pfade herangezogen. Der potenzielle Schaden (= Angaben zu den negativen Auswirkungen auf die Biodiversität und die damit verbundenen Ökosystemdienstleistungen) wurde aus den EU-Risikobewertungen der Arten entnommen und an die spezifischen Gegebenheiten Österreichs angepasst. Historische Pfade wurden in den Auswertungen zunächst gleichwertig einbezogen, in einem zweiten Schritt der Analyse jedoch geringer gewichtet. Die „Einbringung“ von Arten wurde für die Analyse in die Invasionsphasen „Einführung nach Österreich“ (= z.B. der absichtliche Import für Schauzwecke in einem Zoo) und „Ausbringung in die freie Natur“ (= z.B. das Entkommen aus menschlicher Obhut) unterteilt. Vorsätzliche Pfade der Einbringung und Ausbreitung wurden in der Folge nicht berücksichtigt. Für die Priorisierung der Pfade wurden die drei Invasionsphasen addiert, ein Pfad kann demnach maximal dreimal pro Art genannt werden. Die Gewichtung der Bedeutung der Pfade und des potenziellen Schadens für Österreich erfolgte jeweils mittels einer dreistufigen Skala. 
Bei den Einführungspfaden dominieren die Pfad-Kategorien „Verunreinigung“, „Blinde Passagiere“ und „Ohne Hilfe“. Bei den Ausbringungspfaden dominiert die Pfad-Kategorie „Entkommen aus Gefangenschaft oder Haltung“. Bei den Ausbreitungspfaden dominiert die Pfad-Kategorie „Ohne Hilfe“. Die Gewichtung der Pfade nach ihrer Relevanz für Österreich bzw. nach ihrem potenziellen Schaden zeigte keine bzw. nur geringe Unterschiede und wurde daher bei der Priorisierung nicht weiter berücksichtigt. 
Bei der Priorisierung einzelner Pfade dominiert in der Einführungsphase der Pfad „Eigenständig (ohne Hilfe durch den Menschen)“, gefolgt von „Verunreinigung von Saatgut/Besatzmaterial“ und „Verunreinigung von Erdreich und Kies“ sowie „In oder an Autos und Zügen“. In der Ausbringungsphase dominieren die Pfade „Haustierhandel/Aquaristik/Terraristik“ und „Botanischer Garten/Tierpark“ sowie „Zierarten“. In der Ausbreitungsphase dominiert „Eigenständig (ohne Hilfe durch den Menschen)“, wonach alle Arten in der Lage sind, sich nach der Etablierung in Österreich eigenständig weiter auszubreiten. Weitere relevante Ausbreitungspfade sind die „Eigenständige Ausbreitung entlang von Kanälen“, „In oder auf Schiffen“ sowie „Fischerei und Angelzubehör“. 
In der Zusammenfassung über alle Invasionsphasen (Einbringung und Ausbreitung) dominiert die eigenständige Bewegung der Arten durch natürliche Mechanismen. Zehn weitere Pfade sind von größerer Bedeutung und wurden für die Ausarbeitung von Maßnahmen ausgewählt: 
•	Haustierhandel / Aquaristik /Terraristik 
•	Verunreinigung von Erdreich, Kies, totem Pflanzenmaterial 
•	Verunreinigung von Saatgut, Besatzmaterial 
•	Botanischer Garten / Tierpark 
•	In oder an Autos und Zügen 
•	In oder auf Schiffen 
•	Zierarten 
•	In oder an Geräten / Maschinen /Ausrüstung 
•	Fischerei- und Angelzubehör 
•	Eigenständige Ausbreitung entlang von Kanälen 

Es ist festzuhalten, dass die Priorisierung der Pfade auf Grundlage der Arten der Unionsliste ein nicht repräsentatives Bild der Einbringungs- und Ausbreitungspfade der gebietsfremden Arten für Österreich insgesamt darstellt. Außerdem liegt nicht für alle Arten ausreichende Evidenz über die bevorzugt genutzten Pfade vor. Die ausgearbeiteten Maßnahmenvorschläge der in Österreich weit verbreiteten Arten (nach Art. 19 der Verordnung) enthalten zudem Aktivitäten, die die nicht vorsätzliche Ausbreitung der Arten minimieren sollen (z. B. Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung der Verschleppung von Samen mit verschiedenen Materialien (Erde, Kies, Bodenaushub), mit Geräten (z. B. Mähgeräte) sowie mit Fahrzeugen), und die in die Aktionspläne einfließen werden. 
Das Spektrum möglicher Maßnahmen, die im Rahmen der Aktionspläne festgelegt werden, reicht von freiwilligen Maßnahmen (z. B. Verhaltenskodizes), über Öffentlichkeitsarbeit (insbesondere im Bereich Haustierhandel, Aquaristik und Terraristik, aber auch durch Botanische Gärten und Tierparks) bis hin zu verpflichtenden, vorgeschriebenen Maßnahmen, z. B. im Rahmen von Bauvorhaben und begleitenden Materialtransporten in der Landschaftsplanung und -gestaltung oder im Rahmen von Freilandforschungen. 
Die Ausarbeitung der Maßnahmen an den Pfaden in Form eines oder mehrerer Aktionspläne betrifft die Zuständigkeiten unterschiedlicher Bereiche und bedeutet demgemäß einen hohen Abstimmungsbedarf. Um den Erfolg von Maßnahmen zu ermöglichen, wird ein partizipativer Prozess der beteiligten Sektoren angestrebt, der zu gemeinsam getragener Verantwortung und Finanzierung der Maßnahmen führen soll. Die Vorschläge für die Formulierung dieser Maßnahmen sind derzeit in Ausarbeitung und sollen zeitnah erfolgen. 

#################### 

The pathways of unintentional introduction and spread of invasive alien species of Union concern for Austria were analyzed on the basis of the EU risk assessments and expert opinion using the recommended CBD pathway terminology in 2018. Since there is no quantitative data on the pathways in Austria, the assignments were sometimes fraught with uncertainties. 
The volume of species (= the number of species introduced or spread through a particular pathway) was used as a measure of the importance of the pathway. The potential damage (= information on the negative impacts on biodiversity and the associated ecosystem services) was taken from the EU risk assessments of the species and adapted to the specific circumstances of Austria. Historical pathways were initially included in the evaluations, but weighted less in a second step of the analysis. The "introduction" of species was subdivided for analysis into the invasion phases "introduction to Austria" (= for example deliberate importation for display in a zoo) and "escape/release into the wild" (= for example escaping from human care). Intentional pathways, however, have not been considered further in the analyses. For the prioritization of the pathways, the three invasion phases were summed up, a pathway can therefore be assigned a maximum of three times per species. The weighting of the importance of the pathways and the potential damage for Austria was carried out using a three-level scale.
The introduction pathways are dominated by the categories "Transport-contaminant", "Transport-stowaway" and "Unaided". The escape/release pathways are dominated by the category "Escape from confinement". The spread pathways are dominated by the category "Unaided". The weighting of the pathways according to their relevance for Austria or their potential damage showed no or only slight differences and was therefore not considered further in the prioritization.
Prioritization of individual pathways in the introduction phase is dominated by the pathway "Unaided", followed by "Contamination of seeds and fisheries stocking", "Contamination of soil, gravel, dead plants", and "In or on cars and trains". In the escape/release phase, the pathways "pet trade/aquaristics/terrarium" and "Botanical garden/zoo" as well as "Ornamental species" dominate. In the spread phase "Unaided" dominates, according to which all species are able to expand independently after establishing itself in Austria. Other relevant spread pathways are "Interconnected waterways/basins/seas", "In or on ships" and "Angling/fishing equipment". 
In summarizing all invasion phases (introduction, escape/release and spread), the unaided movement of species dominates. Ten pathways of unintentional introduction and spread are considered as most relevant and have been selected for the development of measures in the forthcoming action plan(s): 
•	Pet trade/aquaristics/terrarium 
•	Contamination of soil, gravel, dead plants 
•	Contamination of seeds, fisheries stocking 
•	Botanical Garden/zoos 
•	In or on cars and trains 
•	In or on ships 
•	Ornamental species (animals and plants) 
•	In or on devices/machinery/equipment 
•	Angling/fishing equipment 
•	Interconnected waterways/basins/seas 

It should be noted that the prioritization of the pathways based on the invasive alien species of Union concern does not provide a representative picture of the introduction and spread pathways of the alien species for Austria as a whole. In addition, there is not sufficient evidence for the preferred pathways for all species. The proposed management measures for species which are widely distributed in Austria (under Article 19 of the Regulation) also include activities intended to minimize the unintentional spread of the species (e.g. measures to prevent the contamination of materials (soil, gravel, …), equipment (e.g. mowing equipment) and vehicles with seeds), and will be included in the action plan(s). 
The range of possible measures set out in the action plans ranges from voluntary measures (e.g. codes of conduct), to awareness raising (in particular in the area of pet/aquarium/terrarium species, but also by botanical gardens and zoos) to compulsory, prescribed measures, e.g. in the context of construction projects and accompanying material transports in landscape planning and design or in the context of field research. 
The elaboration of the measures on the pathways in the form of one or more action plans concerns the responsibilities of different areas and therefore requires a high level of coordination. In order to facilitate the success of actions, a participatory process of the sectors involved is sought, which should lead to shared responsibility and funding of the actions. The proposals for the formulation of these measures are currently under preparation and should be finalized in the near future.

costs:
Eine detaillierte Kostenaufstellung des Aufwandes zur Umsetzung der Verordnung liegt nicht vor. Die administrative Abwicklung der zuständigen Landesbehörden wird vereinfacht mit einem halben Vollzeitäquivalent pro Jahr und Bundesland veranschlagt. Für den Berichtszeitraum ergibt dies Kosten in der Höhe von rund 1,000.000 Euro. 
Die Priorisierung der Pfade, die Ausarbeitung der Aktionspläne und des Überwachungssystems, die Erstellung der Verbreitungsdaten sowie weiterer Inhalte, inklusive der Berichterstellung wurden im Rahmen eines Projektes der Bundesländer abgewickelt (Kosten im Berichtszeitraum: ca. 300.000 Euro). 
Die Arbeiten im Rahmen des Wissenschaftlichen Forums werden vom Bundesministerium für Nachhaltigkeit und Tourismus finanziert (Kosten im Berichtszeitraum: ca. 60.000 Euro). 
Die Arbeiten der amtlichen Kontrollen der zuständigen Behörden (inkl. Mitarbeiterschulungen) erfolgen im Rahmen der laufenden Importkontrollen und die Kosten sind nicht im Detail dokumentiert. 
Die Kosten für das Management der Arten erfolgen teilweise im Rahmen laufender Tätigkeiten (z.B. in der Jagdausübung) und sind nicht im Detail dokumentiert. 
Die Kosten für die Arbeiten des Neophyten-Kompetenzzentrum in Tirol sowie die Bekämpfung des Riesen-Bärenklau durch die Bergwacht belaufen sich auf ca. 25.000 Euro pro Jahr. 
Die Kosten für die durchgeführten Maßnahmen (Versuch der sofortigen Beseitigung nach Notifizierung) gegen den Marmorkrebs in Salzburg belaufen sich auf ca. 12.000 Euro im Berichtszeitraum. 
############### 
A detailed cost statement of the effort to implement the regulation is not available. The administrative processing costs of the competent state authorities are estimated (simplified) with half a full-time equivalent per year and state. For the reporting period, this results in costs of around 1,000,000 euros. 
The prioritization of the pathways, the elaboration of the action plans and the surveillance system, the preparation of the distribution maps as well as work on further contents, including the reporting procedure, were carried out as part of a project of the federal states (costs in the reporting period: approx. 300,000 euros). 
The work within the framework of the Scientific Forum is funded by the Ministry of Sustainability and Tourism (costs in the reporting period: approx. 60,000 euros). 
The work of the official controls of the competent authorities (incl. training of staff) is carried out as part of the ongoing import controls and the costs are not documented in detail. 
The costs for the management of the species are partly carried out in the context of ongoing activities (for example in hunting practice) and are not documented in detail. 
The costs for the work of the Neophyte competence center in Tyrol as well as the control measures against giant hogweed (executed by mountain and nature guards) amount to approx. 25,000 euros per year. 
The costs of the measures taken (rapid eradication attempt at an early stage of invasion after notification) against the marble crayfish in Salzburg amount to approx. 12,000 euros in the reporting period.

controlSystem:
Durch die Kundmachung der Durchführungsverordnung (EU) 2016/1141 der Kommission wird eine Einfuhrkontrolle in Bezug auf gelistete invasive gebietsfremde Arten bei bestimmten kontrollpflichtigen Warenkategorien verpflichtend. Das Bundesamt für Ernährungssicherheit (BAES) informiert über die Einfuhrkontrolle auf gelistete invasive gebietsfremde Arten. 
Am 1. Jänner 2015 ist die EU-Verordnung Nr. 1143/2014 des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates vom 22. Oktober 2014 über die Prävention und das Management der Einbringung und Ausbreitung invasiver gebietsfremder Arten in Kraft getreten. 
Unter invasiven gebietsfremden Arten (IAS: Invasive Alien Species) versteht man Pflanzen und Tiere, deren Einschleppung und Ausbreitung an neuen Standorten die Biodiversität und die damit verbundenen Ökosystemdienstleistungen gefährden oder nachteilig beeinflussen.
Mit dem Inkrafttreten der Novelle des Pflanzenschutzgesetzes, kundgemacht am 23.02.2016, obliegen den zuständigen Einfuhrbehörden die amtlichen Kontrollen zur Verhütung der vorsätzlichen Einbringung gemäß Artikel 15, Abs. 2-5 der Verordnung (EU) 1143/2014. Im Fall von Pflanzen (einschließlich Saatgut) ist die zuständige Behörde das Bundesamt für Ernährungssicherheit, im Fall von Tieren die Veterinärbehörde im Bundesministerium für Arbeit, Soziales, Gesundheit und Konsumentenschutz (BMASGK). Die jeweiligen Aufgabenbereiche in Bezug auf die Durchführung der Einfuhrkontrolle auf invasive gebietsfremde Arten werden zwischen den zuständigen Behörden, dem BAES, dem BMASGK und der Zollbehörde im Bundesministerium für Finanzen (BMF) kommuniziert und koordiniert.
Die Einfuhrkontrolle auf invasive gebietsfremde Arten beschränkt sich auf bestimmte Warenkategorien, die in die Codes der Kombinierten Nomenklatur (KN) eingereiht und in den Spalten (ii) und (iii) der Unionsliste der invasiven Arten angeführt sind (Durchführungsverordnung (EU) 2016/1141 der Kommission, kundgemacht am 14.07.2016).
Werden im Zuge der Kontrollen invasive gebietsfremde Arten nachgewiesen, so dürfen die Waren nicht in das Gebiet der Union eingeführt werden (ausgenommen es liegt eine Einfuhrgenehmigung gemäß Art. 8 der Verordnung (EU) 1143/2014 vor).
Da die Unionsliste am 14.07.2016 kundgemacht wurde, müssen ab 03.08.2016 kontrollpflichtige Warenkategorien, die den Spalten (ii) und (iii) der Unionsliste zugeordnet sind, zur Durchführung der Einfuhrkontrolle den Einfuhrbehörden gestellt werden. Die Bestätigung über die Durchführung dieser Kontrolle ist eine Voraussetzung für die zollamtliche Abfertigung.
(siehe https://www.baes.gv.at/fachmeldungen/details/pflanzengesundheit-einfuhrkontrolle-in-bezug-auf-gelistete-invasive-gebietsfremde-arten/) 

Mit der Durchführungsverordnung (EU) 2017/1263 wird die Liste der invasiven gebietsfremden Arten von unionsweiter Bedeutung erweitert. Das Bundesamt für Ernährungssicherheit (BAES) informiert über die Aktualisierung der Liste der invasiven gebietsfremden Arten:
Mit der Durchführungsverordnung (EU) 2017/1263 der Kommission wurde die mit der Durchführungsverordnung (EU) 2016/1141 festgelegte Liste invasiver gebietsfremder Arten von unionsweiter Bedeutung aktualisiert. In die Unionsliste wurden weitere 9 invasive Pflanzen- und 3 invasive Tierarten aufgenommen.
Mit Inkrafttreten der Durchführungsverordnung am 02.08.2017 unterliegen kontrollpflichtige Warenkategorien zusätzlich der Einfuhrkontrolle in Bezug auf die neuen gelisteten invasiven Arten.
Werden im Zuge der Kontrollen invasive Arten nachgewiesen, so dürfen die Waren nicht in das Gebiet der Union eingeführt werden.
(siehe https://www.baes.gv.at/fachmeldungen/details//pflanzengesundheit-aktualisierung-der-liste-invasiver-gebietsfremder-arten/) 

Im Zollbereich gilt die Arbeitsrichtlinie Invasive gebietsfremde Arten, die einen Auslegungsbehelf zu den von den Zollämtern und Zollorganen zu vollziehenden Regelungen der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1143/2014 darstellt. Diese Arbeitsrichtlinie ist unter https://findok.bmf.gv.at/findok?abkz=VB-0337 zum Download verfügbar und wird im Anhang übermittelt. 

#################### 

The publication of the Commission's Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 makes import controls on listed invasive alien species compulsory for certain categories of goods.
The Federal Office for Food Safety (BAES) provides information on import controls for listed invasive alien species.
EU-Regulation No. 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species entered into force on 1st of January 2015.
Invasive Alien Species (short form: IAS) are plants and animals whose introduction and spread to new habitats endanger or adversely affect the biodiversity and the related ecosystem services.
With the entry into force of the amendment to the Plant Protection Act, announced on 23.02.2016, the competent import authorities are responsible for official controls to prevent the introduction in accordance with Article 15, para. 2-5 of Regulation (EU) 1143/2014. In the case of plants (including seeds), the competent authority is the Federal Office for Food Safety; in the case of animals, the veterinary authority in the Federal Ministry of Labour, Social Affairs, Health and Consumer Protection (BMASGK). The respective areas of responsibility with regard to carrying out import controls for invasive alien species are communicated and coordinated between the competent authorities, the BAES, the BMASGK and the customs authority in the Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF).
Import controls on invasive alien species are limited to certain categories of goods classified in the Combined Nomenclature (CN) codes and listed in columns (ii) and (iii) of the Union list of invasive species (Commission implementing regulation (EU) 2016/1141, announced on 14.07.2016).
If invasive alien species are detected during the checks, the goods may not be imported into the territory of the Union (except in case of an import permit pursuant to Article 8 of Regulation (EU) 1143/2014).
Since the Union list was published from 03.08.2016 on categories of goods that are subject to inspection and assigned to columns (ii) and (iii) of the Union list must be presented to the import authorities to carry out the import inspection. Confirmation that this inspection has been carried out is a requirement for customs clearance.
The Union list was updated on 02.08.2017 by the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1263. 
(see https://www.baes.gv.at/en/fachmeldungen-englisch/details//plant-health-import-control-concerning-listed-invasive-alien-species0/) 
The Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1263 extends the list of invasive alien species of major importance. The Federal Office for Food Security (BAES) provides information on updating the list of invasive alien species:
The Commission's Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/1263 updates the list of invasive alien species of EU-wide importance established by the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141. A further 9 invasive plant species and 3 invasive animal species have been added to the Union list. 
With the entry into force of the implementing regulation on 02.08.2017, categories of goods are additionally subject to import controls with regard to the new invasive species listed.
If invasive species are detected in the course of the inspection, the goods may not be imported into the territory of the Union.
(see https://www.baes.gv.at/en/fachmeldungen-englisch/details//plant-health-update-of-the-list-of-invasive-alien-species/) 

A recommended work practice guideline has been developed by custom authorities to support custom offices with the implementation of Regulation (EU) 1143/2014. This guideline is available online under https://findok.bmf.gv.at/findok?abkz=VB-0337 and uploaded to this report as PDF file.

surveillanceSystem:
Um die Verbreitungskarten der in Österreich vorkommenden Arten der Unionsliste für die aktuelle Berichtsperiode zu erstellen wurden folgende Datenbanken ausgewertet: inatura-Datenbank für Vorarlberg (https://www.inatura.at), Neophyten-Kompetenzzentrum Tirol (https://www.uibk.ac.at/botany/neophyten-tirol), Verbreitungsdaten des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, Biodiversitätsdatenbank am Haus der Natur (https://www.hausdernatur.at/de/), Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank (https://www.zobodat.at), Datenbank der floristischen Kartierung Österreichs am Institut für Botanik der Universität Wien, WU Herbarium (https://herbarium.univie.ac.at), GBIF Austria (https://www.gbif.at), Datenbank der Gewässerzustandsüberwachung (GZÜV) und die ornithologische Datenbank von BirdLife Österreich (https://www.ornitho.at). Ergänzt wurden diese Verbreitungsdaten durch Digitalisierung von Literaturangaben, wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten, Experteninformationen bzw. Einzelnachweise und Streudaten aus unterschiedlichen Quellen. 
Um das Vorhandensein und die Verbreitung etablierter Arten der Unionsliste in Österreich zu ermitteln sowie um die Ankunft und Ausbreitung neuer, d.h. bisher in Österreich fehlender Arten frühzeitig im Rahmen eines Überwachungssystems nach Artikel 14 der (EU) Verordnung zu ermöglichen sollen bestehende Monitoring- und Kartierungsarbeiten genutzt sowie gegebenenfalls in den nächsten Jahren angepasst oder erweitert werden. Citizen Science Aktivitäten sollen vermehrt in ein solches Überwachungssystem integriert werden. 
Die biologischen Sammlungen an den Landesmuseen in den Bundesländern, dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Wien, Einrichtungen an den Universitäten inkl. Botanischer Gärten sowie angeschlossene Arbeitsgruppen und -gemeinschaften stellen die zentralen Biodiversitätsarchive für das analoge und digitale Management von biologischen Daten in Österreich dar und fließen teilweise auch in GBIF Österreich (Global Biodiversity Information Facility – Austria) ein (https://www.gbif.at). Diese dezentralisierte Komponente eines Überwachungssystems ist insbesondere für die Überwachung der Säugetiere, Amphibien und Reptilien sowie der Gefäßpflanzen relevant. 
Die Datenbank bzw. Meldeplattform www.ornitho.at, betrieben von BirdLife Österreich, dient dem Sammeln und Verwalten von vogelkundlichen Beobachtungen aus ganz Österreich. Über 5.000 Personen und rund 5 Mio. Vogelbeobachtungen sind aktuell registriert. Die räumliche Abdeckung ist exzellent und es ist zu erwarten, dass die in Österreich vorkommenden Vogelarten der Unionsliste sehr gut erfasst werden können. 
Einige auf Citizen Science basierende Webportale, wie z.B. https://www.naturbeobachtung.at, https://www.inaturalist.org und https://insektenfotos.de/forum/index.php haben sich als relevante Datensammelplattformen in den letzten Jahren etabliert, über die kontinuierlich Meldungen einlangen und die auf bestehenden – meist hoch motivierten – Nutzergruppen aufbauen. Die Einrichtung weiterer online-Meldeportale ist geplant bzw. in Vorbereitung. Die Nutzung der Daten durch diese Komponente wird besonders für das frühzeitige Erkennen von bisher in Österreich fehlenden Arten als sinnvoll erachtet. Das genaue Prozedere der Datenübermittlung und Datenverwaltung sowie die Abschätzung des Aufwandes werden derzeit geprüft. 
Das mögliche Auftreten der Asiatischen Hornisse wird derzeit von der Österreichischen Agentur für Ernährungssicherheit (AGES) überwacht (https://www.ages.at/themen/schaderreger/asiatische-hornisse/#). 
Durch Bewusstseinsbildung für die Arten der Unionsliste bei allen in der Natur tätigen Akteuren sollen Verbreitungsdaten für das Überwachungssystem generiert werden. Dazu zählen Sektoren wie Landwirtschaft, Forstwirtschaft, Wasserwirtschaft, Infrastrukturbetreiber, Jagd und Fischerei, Berg- und Naturwachten sowie Naturschutzverbände, die aufgrund der in Österreich teilweise flächendeckenden Landnutzung und der exzellenten Ortskenntnisse eine besonders wirkungsvolle Komponente eines Überwachungssystems darstellen können. Dies gilt auch für Schutzgebietsverantwortliche, in deren Wirkungsbereich eine regelmäßige Überwachung der vorkommenden Arten zur Erreichung der Schutzziele von hoher Bedeutung ist. 
Als wesentlichste Komponenten für die Erfassung von Fischen, Krebstieren und Wasserpflanzen wird das Monitoring gemäß EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie und Erhebungen durch Fischereiverbände, insbesondere in nicht durch die WRRL erfassten Wasserkörpern, erachtet. Die räumliche Abdeckung der Erhebungen ist sehr gut und es ist zu erwarten, dass aquatische Arten mit einiger Wahrscheinlichkeit erfasst werden. Die Einbindung neuer Methoden, insbesondere von Umwelt-DNA (eDNA) und Meta-Barcoding, in die Erhebungen wird derzeit geprüft. 

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To compile the distribution maps of the species of the Union list occurring in Austria for the current reporting period, the following databases were evaluated: inatura database for Vorarlberg (https://www.inatura.at), Neophyten Competence Center Tyrol (https://www.uibk.ac.at/botany/neophyten-tirol), data of the Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Biodiversity Database at the Haus der Natur (https://www.hausdernatur.at/de/), Zoological-Botanical Database (https://www.zobodat.at), Database of Floristic Mapping Austria at the Institute of Botany of the University of Vienna, WU Herbarium (https://herbarium.univie.ac.at), GBIF Austria (https://www.gbif.at), Database of Water Status Monitoring (GZÜV) and the ornithological database of BirdLife Austria (https://www.ornitho.at). These distributional data were supplemented by digitizing bibliographical references, scientific papers, expert information and scattered data from various sources. 
In order to survey the presence and distribution of species of the Union list established in Austria and to detect the arrival and spread of new, i.e. not yet recorded, species as early as possible, existing monitoring and mapping work will be used as part of a surveillance system under Article 14 of the (EU) Regulation and, where appropriate, adapted or expanded in the next few years. Citizen Science activities are increasingly being integrated into such a surveillance system.
The biological collections at the provincial museums in the federal states, the Natural History Museum in Vienna, facilities at the universities including botanical gardens as well as affiliated working groups and communities are the central biodiversity archives for the analogue and digital management of biological data in Austria and also partly contribute to GBIF Austria (Global Biodiversity Information Facility - Austria) (https://www.gbif.at). This decentralized component of a surveillance system is particularly relevant for the monitoring of mammals, amphibians and reptiles as well as vascular plants.
The database and reporting platform www.ornitho.at, operated by BirdLife Austria, is used to collect and manage ornithological observations from all over Austria. Over 5,000 people and around 5 million bird observations are currently registered. The spatial coverage is excellent and it can be expected that the bird species of the Union list occurring in Austria can be recorded very well.
In the last few years, some citizen science based web portals, such as https://www.naturbeobachtung.at, https://www.inaturalist.org and https://insektenfotos.de/forum/index.php established as relevant data collection platforms that continuously receive reports and build on existing - mostly highly motivated - user groups and dedicated communities. The development of further online reporting portals is currently planned or in preparation. The use of the data by this component of a surveillance system is particularly useful for the early detection of species previously not present in Austria. The details of data transmission and data management (including data protection and personal data) as well as the estimation of the necessary expenditures in terms of human and financial resources are currently being examined. 
The possible occurrence of the Asian hornet in Austria is currently monitored by the Austrian Agency for Food Security (AGES) (https://www.ages.at/themen/schaderreger/asiatische-hornisse/#).
Awareness raising for the species of the Union list within all actors operating in nature should generate distributional data for the surveillance system. This includes sectors such as agriculture, forestry, water management, infrastructure operators, hunting and fishing, mountain and nature guards as well as nature conservation associations, which can be a particularly effective component of a surveillance system due to the extensive use of land area in Austria and the excellent local and regional knowledge of these stakeholders. This also applies to protected area managers, in whose sphere of activity the regular monitoring of the present species is necessary in order to achieve the protection goals of their territories. 
The most important components for fish, crustaceans and aquatic plants are the mandatory monitoring under the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and specific surveys carried out by fisheries associations, in particular in water bodies not covered by the WFD. The spatial coverage of such surveys is very good and it is expected that aquatic species will be detected with high probability. The integration of new methods, in particular of environmental DNA (eDNA) and meta-barcoding, into the surveys is currently under consideration.

informPublic:
Informationen zur EU-Verordnung und ganz allgemein zu gebietsfremden Arten werden von Seiten der Behörden sowohl auf Bundes- als auch auf Landesebene zur Verfügung gestellt. Ebenso bieten einige Unternehmen, die in ihrem jeweiligen Tätigkeits- und Verantwortungsbereich von Neobiota betroffen sind, ihren Mitarbeitern Informationsmaterial und Schulungen an, z.B. um Managementmaßnamen umzusetzen. Ausbildungseinrichtungen (z.B. Universitäten, Fachhochschulen, Forstliche und Landwirtschaftliche Schulen) sowie Interessenvertretungen, NGOs und Vereine leisten ebenfalls einen Beitrag zur Information der Öffentlichkeit zum Thema invasive gebietsfremde Arten. 
Fünf von neun Bundesländern bieten seitens der Stadt- und Landesverwaltungen online Informationen über Neobiota an. Es wurden sechs Folder über Neophyten herausgebracht, die auch Informationen zu in Österreich vorkommenden Arten der Unionsliste beinhalten (z.B. https://www.salzburg.gv.at/umweltnaturwasser_/Documents/Publikationen%20Natur/Neophyten2018.pdf; https://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/dokumente/11682845_74835627/11dd69a6/Folder%20Riesenb%C3%A4renklau.pdf). In der Steiermark wird jedes Jahr ein eintägiges Praxisseminar zum Thema „Neobiota“ im Rahmen der umweltpädagogischen Woche angeboten. In Tirol ist derzeit ein spezifisches Aktionsprogramm in Vorbereitung bzw. Ausarbeitung, in dem Öffentlichkeits- und Informationsarbeit (v.a. für spezifische Berufsgruppen), auch mithilfe von Multiplikatoren (z.B. Landwirtschaftskammer, NGOs, Naturwacht) inkludiert ist. In Kooperation mit der Universität Innsbruck wurde in Tirol ein Neophyten-Kompetenzzentrum aufgebaut, welches online Merkblätter zu einzelnen Neophyten zum Download zur Verfügung stellt und Fundmeldungen in einer Datenbank erfasst. Es soll den Umgang mit Neophyten im Bundesland Tirol koordinieren, als Ansprechstelle für Fragen und Probleme dienen und zur Bewusstseinsbildung der allgemeinen Öffentlichkeit beitragen (https://www.uibk.ac.at/botany/neophyten-tirol/index.html.de). In Vorarlberg werden im Rahmen eines Aktionsprogrammes die Ziele für den Umgang mit invasiven Pflanzenarten festgelegt und insgesamt acht Merkblätter aufgelegt (http://www.neophyten.at/aktionsprogramm/Aktionsprogramm_Neophyten_Kreuzkraeuter_Vorarlberg.pdf). In mehreren Bundesländern werden ausführliche Informationen über gebietsfremde Arten von Berg- und Naturwachten, Umweltbüros (z.B. http://www.neobiota.at/) oder Gemeindeverbänden im Internet angeboten, die u.a. mit der Bekämpfung invasiver Neophyten befasst sind.
Mehrfach wurden im Berichtszeitraum öffentliche Ausstellungen zu gebietsfremden Arten organisiert, z.B. im Naturkundemuseum Joanneum und im Lainzer Tiergarten. Das Naturschutzreferat der Steiermärkischen und die Naturschutzabteilung der Kärntner Landesregierung veranstalten Aktionstage zum Eindämmen der invasiven Neophyten. Regelmäßige Veranstaltungen und Führungen zum Thema werden in Schutzgebieten (z.B. Nationalparke, Biosphärenpark Wienerwald) abgehalten, bei denen mit Hilfe von Freiwilligen auch Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt wurden. 
Im Jahr 2017 wurde die 4. Österreichische Neobiota-Fachtagung der nationalen Umsetzung der Verordnung (EU) Nr. 1143/2014 gewidmet und deren Bedeutung für Stakeholder sowie private und öffentliche Tierhaltungen und Botanische Gärten diskutiert (https://www.ages.at/service/ages-akademie/programm-detail/kalender/detail/event/neobiota/archiv/). 
Das Umweltbundesamt betreibt die Homepage (https://www.neobiota-austria.at/), auf der rechtliche und fachliche Informationen zur EU-Verordnung sowie allgemein zum Thema „Neobiota“ gesammelt werden. Zur Verfügung gestellt werden auch Steckbriefe der Arten der Unionsliste mit ausgewählten Informationen (z.B. Verbreitung in Österreich, Herkunft, Einschleppungswege und Einfuhrvektoren, Erkennungsmerkmale, Gefährdung der Biodiversität). (https://www.neobiota-austria.at/ms/neobiota-austria/neobiota_recht/neobiota_steckbriefe/)
Das Bundesministerium für Nachhaltigkeit und Tourismus lädt regelmäßig, d.h. zumindest zweimal jährlich zur „IAS-Plattform“, einer Informations- und Diskussionsplattform zur Umsetzung der EU-Verordnung und anderer Aspekte zu gebietsfremden Arten in Österreich. Teilnehmende der Plattform sind u.a. VerteterInnen von Ministerien, Bundesländer, Universitäten, NGOs und von Interessensvertretungen der Grundbesitzer. Das Bundesministerium für Nachhaltigkeit und Tourismus setzt im Rahmen verschiedener relevanter Programme und Initiativen Bewusstseinsbildungsschwerpunkte zu gebietsfremden invasiven Arten, wie beispielsweise der Biodiversitäts-Kampagne „vielfaltleben“.
Bundesweit tätige Unternehmen (z.B. Österreichische Bundesbahnen, Österreichische Bundesforste) haben im Berichtszeitraum Folder mit Steckbriefen zu bedeutenden Neobiota herausgegeben (z.B. https://www.bundesforste.at/natur-erleben/biosphaerenpark-wienerwald/ergaenzende-seiten/ww-archiv/projekte-archiv/steckbriefe-neophyten.html), die auch Informationen zu deren Problematik, z.B. für die Schieneninfrastruktur (https://neobiota-austria.at/fileadmin/inhalte/neobiota/pdf/OBB-Folder_Neophyten.pdf) oder für Auenlebensräume (https://www.bundesforste.at/fileadmin/publikationen/brochueren/Aktiv_fuer_Auen_2017_Auflage2_Bundesforste-Broschuere.pdf) enthalten. 
Weitere Stakeholder (z.B. Interessensvertretungen, NGOs, Vereine) bieten ebenfalls Informationen im Internet und ihren Vereinszeitschriften an: Steckbriefe zu ausgewählten gebietsfremden Arten, ein Fact-sheet der Naturfreunde zu Präventions- und Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen invasiver Neophyten (https://umwelt.naturfreunde.at/files/uploads/2016/05/NFOE_Factsheet_NEOPHYTEN_FINAL.pdf), ein Bericht über die EU-Verordnung in den Zeitschriften des Umweltdachverbandes (https://www.umweltdachverband.at/assets/Umweltdachverband/Publikationen/facten.lage/factenlage-Neobiota-03-17.pdf)und des Naturschutzbundes (https://naturschutzbund.at/files/projekte_aktionen/vielfaltleben/downloads/EU-Liste_Beschreibungen_Auswirkungen.pdf)sowie zwei Broschüren der Österreichischen Gartenbaugesellschaft zu Neophyten in Österreich (https://www.oegg.or.at/schwerpunkte/neophyten/). Der Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaftsverband (ÖWAV) hat einen Folder mit Steckbriefen invasiver Neophyten mit Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen (https://www.oewav.at/Page.aspx?target=196960&mode=form&app=134598&edit=0&current=293519&view=205658&predefQuery=-1) sowie einen Arbeitsbehelf zum Neophytenmanagement (https://www.oewav.at/Page.aspx?target=196960&mode=form&app=134598&edit=0&current=294064&view=205658&predefQuery=-1) herausgegeben. Der ÖWAV veranstaltet seit 2017 zweimal pro Jahr einen Ausbildungskurs zur "Fachkraft für Neophytenmanagement". 

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Information on the EU regulation and, in general, on alien species is provided by the authorities at both federal and state levels. Similarly, some companies affected by alien species in their respective areas of activity and responsibility offer their employees informational material and training, e.g. to implement management measures. Educational institutions (e.g. Universities of pure and applied sciences, Forestry and agricultural schools) as well as interest groups, NGOs and associations also contribute to informing the public on invasive alien species. 
Five out of nine federal states provide online information on alien species. Six folders have been published on alien plants that also provide information on species of the Union list found in Austria (for example, https://www.salzburg.gv.at/umweltnaturwasser_/Documents/Publikationen%20Natur/Neophyten2018.pdf; https://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/dokumente/11682845_74835627/11dd69a6/Folder%20Riesenb%C3%A4renklau.pdf). In Styria, a one-day practical seminar on "Neobiota" is offered every year as part of the Environmental Education Week. In Tyrol, a specific action program is under development in which public relations and information dissemination (especially for specific occupational groups) is included, with the help of multipliers (for example, the Chamber of Agriculture, NGOs, Nature guards). In cooperation with the University of Innsbruck, a Neophyte Competence Center has been set up in Tyrol, which provides online leaflets on individual alien plants for download, and allows for submission of records of plants. Its goal is to coordinate the handling of neophytes in the province of Tyrol, to be the point of contact for questions and problems and to raise awareness of the general public (https://www.uibk.ac.at/botany/neophyten-tirol/index.html.de). In Vorarlberg, the goals for dealing with invasive plant species are defined as part of an action program; a total of eight leaflets have been published (http://www.neophyten.at/aktionsprogramm/Aktionsprogramm_Neophyten_Kreuzkraeuter_Vorarlberg.pdf). In several federal states detailed information about alien species is offered on the internet by mountain and nature guards, environmental consultants (e.g. http://www.neobiota.at/) and community associations, which among others are involved in the control of invasive alien plants. 
Several public exhibitions on alien species were organized in the reporting period, e.g. in the Natural History Museum Joanneum and in the Lainzer Tiergarten. The Conservation Unit of the Styrian and the Nature Conservation Department of the Carinthian Provincial Governments organize "Action Days for Mitigating Invasive Neophytes". Regular events and guided tours on the subject are held in protected areas (such as National Parks, Vienna Woods Biosphere Reserve), where volunteers have also taken control measures. 
In 2017, the 4th Austrian Neobiota Conference was dedicated to the national implementation of Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014. The implications for stakeholders as well as pet owners and private and public zoos and botanical gardens were discussed (https://www.ages.at/service/ages-akademie/programm-detail/kalender/detail/event/neobiota/archiv/). 
The Environment Agency Austria operates the homepage (https://www.neobiota-austria.at/), collecting legal and technical information on the EU Regulation as well as on the subject of alien species in general. Factsheets of the invasive alien species of Union concern are provided, including e.g. information on the distribution in Austria, the area of origin, pathways of introduction and spread, characteristic identification features, and impacts on biodiversity. (https://www.neobiota-austria.at/ms/neobiota-austria/neobiota_recht/neobiota_steckbriefe/)
The Ministry of Sustainability and Tourism regularly invites, at least twice a year, to the "IAS Platform", an information and discussion platform for the implementation of the EU Regulation and other aspects of alien species in Austria. Participants in the platform are representatives of ministries, federal states, universities, NGOs, interest groups of landowners, and others. The Ministry of Sustainability and Tourism sets the framework for various relevant programs and initiatives with regard to awareness raising on invasive alien species, such as the biodiversity campaign "vielfaltleben".
Companies operating throughout Austria, e.g. the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) and the Austrian Federal Forests (ÖBF) published folders with profiles of important alien species during the reporting period (e.g. https://www.bundesforste.at/natur-erleben/biosphaerenpark-wienerwald/ergaenzende-seiten/ww-archiv/projekte-archiv/steckbriefe-neophyten.html), which also provide information on their problems, e.g. for rail infrastructure (https://neobiota-austria.at/fileadmin/inhalte/neobiota/pdf/OBB-Folder_Neophyten.pdf) or floodplain areas (https://www.bundesforste.at/fileadmin/publikationen/brochueren/Aktiv_fuer_Auen_2017_Auflage2_Bundesforste-Broschuere.pdf). 
Further stakeholders (e.g. interest groups, NGOs, associations) also provide information online and in their club magazines: profiles of selected alien species, factsheet by the Friends of Nature on preventive and control measures against alien plants (https://umwelt.naturfreunde.at/files/uploads/2016/05/NFOE_Factsheet_NEOPHYTEN_FINAL.pdf), a report on the EU Regulation in the magazines of the Umweltdachverband (https://www.umweltdachverband.at/assets/Umweltdachverband/Publikationen/facten.lage/factenlage-Neobiota-03-17.pdf) and the Naturschutzbund (https://naturschutzbund.at/files/projekte_aktionen/vielfaltleben/downloads/EU-Liste_Beschreibungen_Auswirkungen.pdf) as well as two brochures of the Austrian horticultural society (https://www.oegg.or.at/schwerpunkte/neophyten/). The Austrian Water and Waste Management Association (ÖWAV) produced a folder with factsheets of alien plants and management measures (https://www.oewav.at/Page.aspx?target=196960&mode=form&app=134598&edit=0&current=293519&view=205658&predefQuery=-1) and working instructions on alien plant management (https://www.oewav.at/Page.aspx?target=196960&mode=form&app=134598&edit=0&current=294064&view=205658&predefQuery=-1). The ÖWAV organizes a training course for becoming "Specialist in Neophyte Management" twice a year since 2017.


actionPlans:
An analysis of the pathways of unintentional introduction and spread of IAS of EU concern in Malta concluded that the pathway of the highest concern is Escape from confinement: Pet/aquarium/terrarium species (including live food for such species). Such pathway could lead to the highest number of introductions of IAS of EU concern into the environment of the Maltese islands (and is deemed responsible for introduction of four of six IAS of EU concern already present in Maltese islands). 
An action plan for such species is under development, with the intent of such preparation having been published at: https://era.org.mt/en/Documents/ConsultationBrief-ActionPlanforPathways.pdf

addInfo:
The following is deemed relevant to further clarify the information provided in this report:
Malta follows-up on matters related to IAS mostly through the Environment and Resources Authority – ERA, as the regulatory body, and Ambjent Malta – as the implementing body – established in 2018, under the Ministry for the Environment, Sustainable Development and Climate Change – MESDC. However, other entities are involved, both under the same Ministry and beyond. These include, for instance, the Veterinary Services, the Agriculture Department, the Plant Protection Directorate, the Ministry for the Economy, investment and Small Businesses, Civil Aviation Directorate, the Fisheries Department, the Trade Department and Customs. Other bodies which are involved or consulted as relevant include, but are not limited to, eNGOs, protected area site managers, academic bodies, environmental consultants, and other interested parties such as pet shops and garden centres.
Fora are in place to discuss the relevant aspects between relevant entities, stakeholders and other interested parties, including committees, boards, and ad hoc meetings, apart from Memoranda of Understanding between entities and Management Agreements with eNGOs – some of which have actually been put in place these last two years. Cooperation between entities, stakeholders and other interested parties is ongoing to also allow for early detection and rapid response, including for instance the University of Malta. This would also feed into immediate/timely measures, as is already happening regarding a number of species, both terrestrial and marine.
Policy-wise, the implementation of national legislation continued, such as the Flora, Fauna and Natural Habitats Protection Regulations (S.L. 549.44), which incorporates provisions on the prevention, regulation and control of alien and invasive species has continued, in line with requirements of the Bern Convention, other multilateral environmental agreements and related EU policy. The said Regulations have been reviewed, incorporating additional aspects related to the removal, uprooting or eradication of specimens detrimental to the environment. For further information, refer to the following link: http://justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lp&itemid=29673&l=1.
This can also be said when considering the relevant measures included in Malta’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, as well as those included in the Programme of Measures for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive, and those included in Natura 2000 site management plans and conservation orders. 
Additionally, the Control of Invasive Alien Species of European Union Concern Regulations (S.L. 549.119) were published in December 2017, to allow for the further implementation of the Regulation 1143/2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species. This supplemented already existing legislation. This is available here: http://www.justiceservices.gov.mt/DownloadDocument.aspx?app=lom&itemid=12729&l=1.
Malta has also ratified the Ballast Water Management Convention, with a technical feasibility assessment regarding the management of ballast waters having been completed. 
Malta has adopted Guidelines on Managing Major Plant Invaders and Restoring Native Plant Communities within Terrestrial Settings in the Maltese Islands in March 2013, complemented with datasheets regarding possible management options.  
Then, in 2019, a public consultation and stakeholder workshop, including also follow-up one-to-one meetings, were held with regard to the drafted National Strategy for Preventing and Mitigating the Impact of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) in the Maltese Islands & National Sector-Specific Codes of Good Practice in relation to IAS in the Maltese Islands – drafts for consultation are available online – see https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Public-Consultation-IAS.aspx.
Regarding the Codes of Good Practice, these are considered as an important tool to support citizen engagement, indicating what can and cannot be done, fostering stewardship of the environment and promoting awareness and compliance through other means than enforcement and permitting. In the process of drafting National Codes, all relevant Bern Convention Code of Conducts were consulted, and are referred to as recommended further reading. Following the public consultation process, the Strategy and Codes are in the final stage of internal review.
In relation to the marine environment, the following are worth mentioning, further to above policy aspects which generally cover both the terrestrial and marine environments: Malta's non-indigenous species programme of measures summary report (2017); and Malta's measures on marine non-indigenous species summary table (2017); please refer to the following links:
https://era.org.mt/en/Documents/POMs_SummaryMeasures_Descriptor2_NIS_Malta2017.pdf;
https://era.org.mt/en/Documents/POMs_SummaryReport_Descriptor2_NIS_Malta2017.pdf. 
Regarding the implementation of measures, the relevant entities, in particular ERA and Ambjent Malta, as well as EcoGozo on specific aspects, are carrying out or financing various activities regarding the removal of invasive alien species, focussing efforts on key areas of ecological importance, and IAS of Union concern, which include works in multiple areas. Other entities and interested parties, for instance eNGOs and site managers, are also involved as necessary. Various other programmes and initiatives are also planned in the coming months, as part of the Malta’s commitment towards the implementation of the terrestrial Natura 2000 Management Plans and Conservation Orders approved in December 2016 and taking into consideration the EU Regulation on IAS. Indeed, IAS considerations have been integrated in the management measures for terrestrial Natura 2000 sites. This is complemented with actions on site by site managers and relevant entities, combined with monitoring to assess effectiveness of the measures adopted, as well as planting of native species as a restoration measure. Measures that have taken place include efforts related to IAS of Union concern and beyond, prioritising also in relation to the impact on sensitive ecological communities. 
For further information, please refer to the following web links: https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Invasive-Alien-Species.aspx
https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Invasive-Alien-Species-Additional-Links.aspx https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Biodiversity-Publications.aspx.

costs:
Noting that a number of entities are involved in implementation related to IAS and that various aspects are linked to other work for efficiency and cost-effectiveness, exact costs could not be calculated. The below information is only an estimate of the total costs, with a breakdown as possible at this point in time. 

General costs for policy/awareness work and field work (time-wise)
This covers the costs for officials working on aspects related to IAS Regulation and pertaining matters within the Competent Authority and other relevant entities, including policy work and field work: €160,000.

Awareness-raising
Costs in relation to measures taken to inform general public and stakeholders on the Regulation and IAS of Union concern: €25,000 for the reporting period.

Surveillance
Costs related to surveillance by the relevant entities is included under general costs. Other work is also considered through work carried out by site managers for Natura 2000 sites, which are also provided with funds by the Government – these are not included in the estimates here; other information is also provided by professionals and field and citizens, mostly free-of-charge.

Border control system 
Costs related to border control system by the relevant entities is included under general costs; this work is carried out in tandem with other work, and hence it is difficult to give a specific cost on such matter. 

Eradication/Control
Costs related to eradication/control by the relevant entities is included under general costs.

Total costs for 2015-2018: €185,000.

Malta shall seek to provide further detailed information on costs in future reporting, also linking to the benefits of action undertaken, once more action on the ground is carried out.

controlSystem:
The national entities responsible for official controls at main entry points (customs and official border control posts) are the Veterinary Regulation and Plant Protection Directorates under the Ministry for the Environment, Sustainable Development and Climate Change.
At the Malta International Airport, commercial goods, whether for sale in Malta or in transit, must be declared to Customs. The goods that are prohibited or restricted importation include amongst others animals (alive or dead, including birds), certain articles derived from protected species, plants and plant products, including trees and shrubs, and soils, as well as IAS of EU concern. 
The Plant Protection Directorate (PPD) is responsible for the plant health aspects of import and export arrangements applicable to plants and their propagation material, plant pests, plant produce and growing media entering Malta. This plant health work is performed as import and export controls of plants, plant products and their growing media at the points of entry into the Maltese Islands. The aim of this work is to prevent the spread and introduction primarily of quarantine pests of plant material and plant products, but also of pests and diseases affecting quality and to promote appropriate measures for their control. As an aid to this role, the Plant Protection Directorate has diagnostic laboratories. The PPD hence conducts controls in line with requirements of the Council Directive 2000/29/EC on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community, that is, with regard to invasive plant species of EU concern the same controls are applied. 
The Veterinary Regulation Directorate (VRD) is responsible for the control of animals at border control posts. At such posts, VRD controls the movement of products of veterinary interest in and out of Malta. These products include both live animals, and here it is ensured that all animals are identified and accompanied by the necessary certification, and also all food products of animal origin where both documentation and physical checks are carried out on consignments of veterinary interest as per international protocols in this area.  
Whenever, an IAS of Union concern is intercepted by PPD or VRD, the Environment Resources Authority (ERA), as the competent authority for the EU IAS Regulation, is duly informed through the established channels.  
Following from the above, indeed, Malta adopts border inspection posts as required by relevant EU policy, as well as applies permitting procedures for importation from third countries and transport, as required. Release of species into the environment is also controlled. Furthermore, through the CITES applications process, ERA endorses or otherwise Import Licences and Customs entry forms. All the species listed in the EU IAS list are refused entry in the country.

surveillanceSystem:
The national surveillance system of IAS of EU concern is currently built on various aspects, especially including Natura 2000 site management, but also surveillance/data attainment relevant for other EU policy streams including the Habitats Directive, the Water Framework Directive and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) where relevant. Further to this, surveys are carried out by the Competent Authority – the Environment and Resources Authority (ERA), with information also being provided by citizens. 
Following adoption of the lists of IAS of Union concern, managers of all Natura 2000 protected areas were informed on the Regulation 1143/2014 and listed species, were requested to contribute to the surveillance of IAS of EU concern (report to ERA occurrence of any, within the areas under their management), and support eradication of such species (often funded through the government). 
ERA embarked on both targeted (“hotspot”) and “ad hoc” surveillance to detect new IAS of EU concern, as well as to monitor present populations, verify reports submitted by citizens and assess success of control actions undertaken. This is considered not only by staff within the policy unit, but also by staff within the compliance/enforcement unit during their work.
A number of locations considered as the most likely introduction points (or sites already hosting some of the recorded IAS of the EU concern) were identified for periodical (seasonal, annual or following removal actions as relevant) surveys, to allow an early detection or monitor success of control actions. Surveyed sites can be split in 3 categories: 
•	Areas continuously visited by the general public (parks, recreational and picnic areas, etc.);
•	Country’s main entry points (areas adjacent to freeport and airport);
•	Areas deemed as the most suitable for release of various unwanted pets and escapes (areas adjacent to major nurseries/garden centres, freshwater reservoirs, parks, woodlands and other natural areas often visited by citizens or in vicinity of urban areas). 
ERA and Ambjent Malta also envisages contracting third parties to conduct work related to IAS in Malta, including attainment of information (and eradication), as well as comprehensive reporting to include assessment of impacts of recorded IAS and recommendations.  
Citizen science and reporting through various channels are considered as valuable support to early detection and monitoring, especially taking in consideration the population density and restricted area of the Maltese islands. Submitted records are verified by the Competent Authority (including consultation with professionals/experts if required). Indeed, the majority of verified reports on Pennisetum setaceum submitted by an environmentally-conscious group of citizens greatly contributed to the compilation of the baseline distribution of this widely spread IAS. In order to ease reporting of encountered IAS by the concerned public, and potentially attract more citizens to assist in such feat, as well as to further increase awareness, the potential development of an app entirely dedicated to IAS is currently being discussed. 
Furthermore, cooperation between entities, stakeholders and other interested parties is ongoing to allow for early detection and rapid response.
Other ongoing initiatives worth mentioning include:
- the University of Malta continues to lead on the marine surveillance citizen science campaign “Spot the Alien fish” [http://www.aliensmalta.eu/];
- monitoring of marine IAS in Marine Protected Areas and “hot spot” areas was completed in 2019 through a European Maritime and Fisheries Fund project being led by ERA;
- the Interreg Italia-Malta HARMONY project is working on the integrity of marine seafloor and the inhabiting species; the effects of habitat fragmentation in facilitating the diffusion of Non-Indigenous Species (NIS) is being investigated; this will contribute towards MSFD [https://www.harmony-italiamalta.eu/].

weblinkPermits:
Not applicable, since no permits issued.

informPublic:
The Environment and Resources Authority, as Malta’s environmental regulating body, organises or participates in a number of educational activities to raise awareness on IAS. 
In this regard, various information material was produced and distributed both to the general public and sector stakeholders; these included adverts on TV and facebook, presentations, media interviews, webpages, stand at GreenFest, videos, lectures, amongst others. Additionally, official letters and IAS brochures (Malta printed copies of the EC brochure) were sent to the main sector stakeholders (commercial owners) to inform them on the restrictions and transitional provisions emanating from the Regulation 1143/2014. 
Reference is made to the following webpages for details on information available/distributed: https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Invasive-Alien-Species.aspx; https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Invasive-Alien-Species-Additional-Links.aspx; https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Biodiversity-Publications.aspx
The videos mentioned are available as follows: Speci aljeni invazivi – Flora – in Maltese https://www.facebook.com/Natura2kMalta/videos/323823231578780/; Invasive Alien Species – Flora – English https://www.facebook.com/Natura2kMalta/videos/381762109277566/; Speci aljeni invazivi – Fawna – in Maltese https://www.facebook.com/Natura2kMalta/videos/998660286999903/; Invasive Alien Species – Fauna – English https://www.facebook.com/Natura2kMalta/videos/388265368396959/
Such initiatives allow for gaining further support from effected and interested parties. In order to support such initiatives, discussions are ongoing on the utilisation of innovative technology to enable a real-time approach promoting awareness and stewardship. Development of an app entirely dedicated to IAS is being considered. Already in place are the “Malta flora and fauna app” for raising awareness on native biodiversity and reporting of various species interesting to the citizens, which also allows reporting IAS encountered, and a section of an app dedicated to reporting on one of the IAS of Union concern on the island of Gozo (Pennisetum setaceum). Furthermore, the citizen science campaign “Spot the alien fish” continues [http://www.aliensmalta.eu/]. Additionally, information received through citizen science is continuously assessed and recorded, followed by surveillance where necessary. 
As a potential result of the above, according to 2018 European Commission “Biodiversity Eurobarometer”, Malta is the MS with the most respondents (48% - increase of 9%) that consider IAS as a high threat to biodiversity.
Meanwhile, as part of National Strategy for Preventing and Mitigating the Impact of Invasive Alien Species (IAS) in the Maltese Islands and related sector-specific Codes of Good Practice, a public consultation process, workshop with all key stakeholders from various sectors including NGOs, and one-to-one meetings, were organised (in 2019). The Strategy and the Codes have not as yet been adopted; they are undergoing the necessary review and approvals processes. Reference is meanwhile made to: https://era.org.mt/en/Pages/Public-Consultation-IAS.aspx. National Code of Conducts, in Malta’s case National Codes of Good Practice, are considered as an important tool to support citizen engagement, indicating what can and cannot be done, fostering stewardship of the environment and promoting awareness and compliance through means other than enforcement and permitting. Based on the attendance to and feedback during/after the workshop held in 2019 regarding the draft National Strategy and Codes of Good Practice regarding IAS, it appears that understanding of the impact of IAS is increasing and further acknowledged; however, further work is needed in this regard by and between the relevant entities and sectors, so as to further streamline and inform the work being carried out to control the impacts by such species. This would allow for better involvement of, and understanding by, relevant stakeholders (e.g. pet shops, garden centres) – keeping in mind that stakeholders would be impacted by certain measures, also as more IAS are included in the list of EU concern.
When considering the Action Plan on pathways and Management Measures, Malta will follow the relevant public participation procedures. Indeed, the intent for the development of the Action Plan has been published: https://era.org.mt/en/Documents/ConsultationBrief-ActionPlanforPathways.pdf.


actionPlans:
Siekiant įgyvendinti Reglamento (ES) Nr. 1143/2014 13 str. 2 d., Aplinkos ministerija inicijavo ES lėšomis finansuojamo projektą  „Invazinių ir svetimžemių rūšių būklės tyrimai Lietuvoje“ („INVA“, 2019-06-25 sutartis Nr. 05.5.1-APVA-V-018-01-0012), kurį vykdo Valstybinis mokslinis institutas Gamtos tyrimų centras su partneriu Aplinkos ministerija. Projektu siekiama ištirti 100 ES ir Lietuvos invazinių bei svetimžemių rūšių būklę Lietuvoje, parengti jų populiacijų būklės, plitimo, grėsmių aprašymus, paplitimo žemėlapius, kurie bus parengti ir pagal 2007 m. kovo 14 d. Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos direktyvos 2007/2/EB, sukuriančios Europos bendrijos erdvinės informacijos infrastruktūrą, (INSPIRE) nuostatas, bei tyrimų duomenis suvesti į duomenų bazę. Pagal Reglamento 13 str. 2 d. bus parengti ES invazinių augalų ir gyvūnų veiksmų planai, kuriuose bus aptarti  invazinių rūšių patekimo keliai, veiksmai, priemonės ir kt. sprendiniai, kuriuos reikia įgyvendinti siekiant užkirsti invazinių rūšių netyčinę introdukciją ir plitimą Lietuvoje ir į kitas ES šalis. Be to, projekto metu bus įgyvendintos prevencinės priemonės. Projekto trukmė - 36 mėnesiai. Iki 2019 m. pabaigos bus pabaigti rengti invazinių augalų ir gyvūnų pirminiai veiksmų planai, o projekto pabaigoje jie bus atnaujinti, papildyti surinkta naujausia tyrimu medžiaga.

costs:
Panaudotos lėšos Reglamento (ES) Nr. 1143/2014 įgyvendinimui:
1.	Aplinkos ministerijos panaudotos lėšos - mokslinės analizės, leidiniai, plakatai, informaciniai straipsniai, TV laidos, radijo reportažai, renginiai ir kt.:
 „Sosnovskio barščius bus privalu naikinti“ – 1125,0 eur;
„Ką kiekvienas turime žinoti apie invazines augalų ir gyvūnų rūšis“ – 1272,6 eur;
Lietuvoje įsigali naujos rūšys: pavojus ne tik gamtai, bet ir žmonėms“- 423,5 eur
„Lietuvos vandenis užvaldo invaziniai vėžiai: pasekmės gali būti labai rimtos“ - 423,5 eur
„Neapsigaukite: gražūs ir pūkuoti, bet tuo pačiu ir grėsmingi“ -  423,5 eur
„Skelbia karą Sosnovskio barščiams: nenaikinantys sulauks baudų ir sąskaitų“ -  423,5 eur
“Invazinių gyvūnų ir augalų komercinis auginimas – tik su leidimais“ - 423,5 eur
„Karas su Sosnovskio barščiais stiprėja: už jų nenaikinimą žadamos baudos“ - 423,5 eur
 „Labai retas roplys: geriau jį iš tolo aplenkti“ - 423,5 eur
„Kaunui nepasisekė: mieste – derlių naikinančių šliužų invazija“ - 423,5 eur
„Pajūrio gražuolė, mėgstama nuotakų ir floristų, griauna Lietuvos gamtą“ - 423,5 eur
 „Ar atpažįstate invazinius augalus – rykštenė“ – 360 (Eur)
„Pastebi tik susidūrę: invaziniai augalai – didžiulė (ne) matoma problema“ – 470 eur
„Sosnovskio barščio naikinimas naujuoju metodu“ – 360 eur
„Labai pavojingo Sosnovskio barščio naikinimui – nauji „ginklai“ – 470 eur
 „Mylite gamtą? Tuomet šią vasarą krevetes pakeiskite invaziniais vėžiais“ – 470 eur
„Sosnovskio barštis okupuoja vis daugiau plotų – Latvija jau įvedė baudas, apie tai svarsto ir Lietuva“ – 470 eur
„Europos Sąjunga toliau griežtina invazinių gyvūnų ir augalų naudojimo tvarką – savininkams teks gauti naujus leidimus“ – 470 eur
„Invaziniai šliužai – naikinti būtina“ – 470 eur
„Invaziniai augalai ir gyvūnai: kaip jie kenkia natūraliai Lietuvos gamtai“ – 757 (eur)
LNK rubrika „Labas vakaras, Lietuva“: „Invazinių rūšių žala“ (2017.11.02) – 2770,9 eur;
Leidinys „Invazinės rūšys Lietuvoje“ ir plakatai apie invazines augalų ir gyvūnų rūšis – 7150,50 eur;
Ataskaita „Sąjungai susirūpinimą keliančių invazinių svetimų rūšių netyčinės introdukcijos ir plitimo kelių Lietuvoje analizė bei prioritetinių patekimo kelių nustatymas, įgyvendinant Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos reglamentą (ES) Nr.1143/2014 dėl invazinių svetimų rūšių introdukcijos ir plitimo prevencijos ir valdymo (OL 2017 L 317, P.35)“ – 26600 eur;
Renginių, seminarų ir pan. organizavimui – 7300 Eur.
Administravimo lėšos – 85000 eur.

2)	Savivaldos institucijos (savivaldybės) kiekvienais metais naudoja invazinėms rūšims naikinti lėšas iš Savivaldybių aplinkos apsaugos rėmimo specialiosios programos. Daugiausiai lėšų skiriama naikinti Sosnovskio barštį. Kiekvienais metais savivaldybės skiria daugiau lėšų invazinių rūšių tyrimams, veiksmų planų parengimui, naikinimo priemonėms, prevencijai. 
Lėšų analizė prisegtame dokumente.
2. Europos Sąjungos lėšomis finansuojami projektai: 
1)	2014–2020 m. laikotarpyje savivaldybės siekė paramos kraštovaizdžio apsaugai pagal Europos Sąjungos investicijų veiksmų programos 5 prioriteto „Aplinkosauga, gamtos išteklių darnus naudojimas ir prisitaikymas prie klimato kaitos“ 05.5.1–APVA–R–019 priemonę „Kraštovaizdžio apsauga“. Priemonės tikslas – pagerinti įvairaus lygmens kraštovaizdžio arealų (teritorijų) būklę didinant kraštovaizdžio planavimo kokybę, stiprinant ir palaikant kraštovaizdžio ekologinę pusiausvyrą, atkuriant pažeistas teritorijas, didinant kraštovaizdžio vizualinį estetinį potencialą. Pagal šią priemonę remiami projektai, skirti kraštovaizdžio formavimui ir ekologinės būklės gerinimui gamtinio karkaso teritorijose. Tai kompleksinio pobūdžio veikla, kuria siekiama skatinti valstybinėje žemėje įgyvendinti konkrečias kraštovaizdžio formavimo priemones, prisidedančias prie į gamtinį karkasą patenkančių vietovių ekologinės būklės gerinimo, jų funkcijų, vertybių atkūrimo, išryškinimo. 2017 m. gegužės mėn. 33 savivaldybės pateikė pagal šią priemonę projektus, kuriose yra numatytos veiklos ir invazinių augalų naikinimui. Tikslus panaudotų lėšų skaičius dar nežinomas.
2)	Projektas Nr. 05.5.1-APVA-V-018-01-0001 „Saugomų rūšių apsaugos ir invazinių rūšių gausos reguliavimo dokumentų parengimas“, projekto vykdytojas. Valstybinė saugomų teritorijų tarnyba prie Aplinkos ministerijos. Projekto įgyvendinimo laikotarpis: 2016-09-01 – 2017-10-30. Projekto metu buvo parengti 24-ių saugomų rūšių apsaugos ir veiksmų planai, 3-jų saugomų rūšių veisimo programos ir 4-ių saugomų rūšių inventorizacijos ataskaitos, taip pat 9-ių invazinių rūšių gausos reguliavimo veiksmų planai. Atsižvelgiant į veiksmų planuose numatytas priemones, 2019-2021 metais numatoma įgyvendinti tvarkymo veiksmus. Lėšų suma – 547 866 eur.
3)	Projektas Nr. VP3-1.4-AM-02-V-01-013 „Retų rūšių apsaugos ir invazinių rūšių gausos reguliavimo priemonių įgyvendinimas“, Projekto vykdytojas: Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerija. Projekto įgyvendinimo laikotarpis: 2012-07-31- 2015-09-30. Projekto lėšos – 7 243 470,4 Eur.
 Dėl retų ir saugomų rūšių, įtrauktų į Lietuvos Respublikos saugomų, gyvūnų, augalų ir grybų rūšių sąrašą, Buveinių ir Paukščių direktyvų priedus, saugomų tarptautiniais susitarimais (ASCOBANS, EUROBATS, AEWA), buveinių plotų nykimo, jų fragmentacijos bei prastėjimo, blogėjant galimybei migruoti, invazinių rūšių plitimo ir kt. veiksnių, prastėja biologinės įvairovės būklė. Siekiant pagerinti biologinės įvairovės būklę Lietuvoje 2007 m. spalio 4 d. aplinkos ministro įsakymu Nr. D1-509 buvo patvirtinta Biologinės įvairovės išsaugojimo ir saugomų teritorijų planavimo bei tvarkymo 2007-2013 m. programa, skirta Europos Sąjungos struktūrinės paramos strategijos prioritetams įgyvendinti. Siekiant įgyvendinti šioje programoje nustatytus uždavinius Aplinkos ministerija kartu su Valstybine saugomų teritorijų tarnyba 2009-2012 m. vykdė projektą „Retų rūšių apsaugos bei invazinių rūšių gausumo reguliavimo veiksmų planų parengimas“. Projekto įgyvendinimo metu buvo parengti 153 apsaugos veiksmų planai 25-ioms saugomoms rūšims ir 130 gausumo reguliavimo planai 7-ioms invazinėms rūšims. Siekiant planuose numatytų tikslų, projekto „Retų rūšių apsaugos ir invazinių rūšių gausumo reguliavimo priemonių įgyvendinimas“ vykdymo metu numatoma įgyvendinti įvairias apsaugos priemones 3 vabzdžių, 2 žuvų, 3 žinduolių, 10 paukščių, 5 augalų saugomoms ar retoms rūšims ir gausos reguliavimo priemones 1 vėžiagyvių, 1 žuvų, 2 žinduolių ir 3 augalų invazinėms rūšims. Buveinių tvarkymas prisidės prie saugomų ir retų rūšių būklės pagerinimo ir pristabdys invazinių rūšių plitimą mūsų šalyje.

controlSystem:
Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės 2016 m. gegužės 11 d. nutarimu Nr. 475 "DĖL KOMPETENTINGŲ INSTITUCIJŲ, ATSAKINGŲ UŽ EUROPOS PARLAMENTO IR TARYBOS REGLAMENTO (ES) NR. 1143/2014 TAIKYMĄ, PASKYRIMO" pavesta:
1. Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerijai koordinuoti Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014 taikymą ir patvirtinti leidimo naudoti invazines rūšis formą.
2. Suteikti Aplinkos apsaugos agentūrai įgaliojimus išduoti leidimus, sustabdyti jų galiojimą, panaikinti galiojimą arba galiojimo sustabdymą įgyvendinant Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  8 ir 9 straipsnius.
3. Pavesti Aplinkos apsaugos agentūrai teikti Europos Komisijai paraiškas, numatytas Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  9 straipsnyje, ir tvirtinti nenumatytų atvejų planus.
4. Pavesti Lietuvos Respublikos žemės ūkio ministerijai ar jos įgaliotoms institucijoms ir Valstybinei maisto ir veterinarijos tarnybai pagal kompetenciją įvertinti žemės ūkio veiklos subjektų pateiktą Aplinkos apsaugos agentūrai informaciją ir teikti Aplinkos apsaugos agentūrai papildomą informaciją, reikalingą pateikiant Europos Komisijai paraišką išduoti leidimą žemės ūkio veiklos subjektams naudoti invazines rūšis žemės ūkyje tikslais, susijusiais su socialinio ar ekonominio pobūdžio interesais.
5. Paskirti Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerijos regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentus atsakingus už patikrinimus, siekiant užtikrinti, kad įstaigos laikytųsi Aplinkos apsaugos agentūros išduotuose leidimuose naudoti invazines rūšis nustatytų sąlygų, kaip numatyta Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  8 straipsnio 8 dalyje, ir pavesti Valstybinei maisto ir veterinarijos tarnybai pagal kompetenciją dalyvauti šiame punkte nurodytuose patikrinimuose. 
6. Paskirti Muitinės departamentą prie Lietuvos Respublikos finansų ministerijos ar jo įgaliotas institucijas pagal kompetenciją atsakingas už oficialią pasienio kontrolę, siekiant užkirsti kelią neteisėtai invazinių rūšių introdukcijai, kaip numatyta Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 1 dalyje.
7. Paskirti Lietuvos Respublikos aplinkos ministerijos regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentus pagal kompetenciją vykdyti prekių kontrolę, kaip numatyta Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 2 dalyje.
8. Paskirti Valstybinę maisto ir veterinarijos tarnybą pagal kompetenciją, nustatytą vykdant 2004 m. balandžio 29 d. Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos reglamento (EB) Nr. 882/2004 dėl oficialios kontrolės, kuri atliekama siekiant užtikrinti, kad būtų įvertinama, ar laikomasi pašarus ir maistą reglamentuojančių teisės aktų, gyvūnų sveikatos ir gerovės taisyklių (OL 2004 m. specialusis leidimas, 3 skyrius, 45 tomas, p. 200), su paskutiniais pakeitimais, padarytais 2014 m. gegužės 15 d. Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos reglamentu (ES) Nr. 652/2014 (OL 2014 L 189, p. 1), 4 straipsnio nuostatas, atsakingą už pasienio kontrolę, siekiant užtikrinti Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 2 dalies įgyvendinimą, ir už prekių sulaikymą, kaip numatyta Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 5 dalies b punkte. 
9. Paskirti Valstybinę augalininkystės tarnybą prie Žemės ūkio ministerijos pagal kompetenciją, nustatytą vykdant 2000 m. gegužės 8 d. Tarybos direktyvos 2000/29/EB dėl apsaugos priemonių nuo augalams ir augaliniams produktams kenksmingų organizmų įvežimo į Bendriją ir išplitimo joje (OL 2004 m. specialusis leidimas, 3 skyrius, 29 tomas, p. 258) su paskutiniais pakeitimais, padarytais 2014 m. birželio 25 d. Komisijos įgyvendinimo direktyva 2014/83/ES (OL 2014 L 186, p. 64), 2 straipsnio 1 dalies g punkto nuostatas, atsakingą už pasienio kontrolę, siekiant užtikrinti Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 2 dalies įgyvendinimą.
10. Paskirti Muitinės departamentą prie Lietuvos Respublikos finansų ministerijos, Valstybinę maisto ir veterinarijos tarnybą atsakingus už prekių sulaikymą ir tolesnę jų kontrolę vadovaujantis Lietuvos Respublikoje galiojančiais teisės aktais, kaip numatyta Reglamento Nr. 1143/2014  15 straipsnio 5 dalyje, kai importas vykdomas pažeidžiant Reglamentą Nr. 1143/2014.

surveillanceSystem:
Invazinių rūšių priežiūros sistema
Pagrindinė informacija apie invazinių rūšių valdymą ir naudojimą pagal Reglamentą (ES) Nr. 1143/2014 pateikta Aplinkos ministerijos internetinėje svetainėje (http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys). Informacija teikiama ir duomenys kaupiami ir kitose institucijose, kurios atsakingos už šio reglamento vykdymą: Aplinkos apsaugos agentūroje, Aplinkos apsaugos departamente, Valstybinėje maisto ir veterinarijos tarnyboje, Muitinės departamente.
Siekdama įgyvendinti Reglamento (ES) Nr. 1143/2014 14 str. nuostatas, Aplinkos ministerija 2016 m. pradėjo planuoti veiksmus ir ieškoti lėšų invazinių rūšių priežiūros sistemai sukurti, nes tokio pobūdžio priemonės nebuvo, duomenys apie invazines rūšis buvo kaupiami fragmentiškai, nesistemingai. 2017 m. aplinkos ministro įsakymu buvo skirtos lėšos 100 invazinių ir svetimžemių rūšių tyrimams Lietuvoje ir naujai Biologinės įvairovės informacinei platformai sukurti. Kadangi užtruko paruošiamieji veiksmai, tik 2019 m. prasidėjo projektas „Invazinių ir svetimžemių rūšių būklės tyrimai Lietuvoje“ („INVA“, 2019-06-25 sutartis Nr. 05.5.1-APVA-V-018-01-0012, http://www.euro.lt/lt/finansavimas/paraiskos_ir_projektai/invaziniu-ir-svetimzemiu-rusiu-bukles-tyrimai-lietuvoje), kurį vykdo Valstybinis mokslinis institutas Gamtos tyrimų centras su partneriu Aplinkos ministerija. Projektu siekiama ištirti 100 ES ir Lietuvos invazinių bei svetimžemių rūšių būklę Lietuvoje, parengti jų populiacijų būklės, plitimo, grėsmių aprašymus, paplitimo žemėlapius, kurie bus parengti ir pagal 2007 m. kovo 14 d. Europos Parlamento ir Tarybos direktyvos 2007/2/EB, sukuriančios Europos bendrijos erdvinės informacijos infrastruktūrą, (INSPIRE) nuostatas, bei tyrimų duomenis suvesti į duomenų bazę. Pagal Reglamento 13 str. 2 d. bus parengti ES invazinių augalų ir gyvūnų veiksmų planai, kuriuose bus aptarti invazinių rūšių patekimo keliai, veiksmai, priemonės ir kt. sprendiniai, kuriuos reikia įgyvendinti siekiant užkirsti invazinių rūšių netyčinę introdukciją ir plitimą Lietuvoje ir į kitas ES šalis. 
Šio projekto metu surinkta ir sukurta medžiaga bus patalpinta į už ES lėšas kuriamą naują Biologinės įvairovės informacinę platformą, kurioje bus Invazinių ir svetimžemių rūšių modulis su rūšių aprašymais, moksliniais duomenimis, paplitimo žemėlapiais, teisiniu reglamentavimu ir kt. Aplinkos ministerija vykdys šį projektą. 2018-2019 m. parengtas investicijų projektas, kuriame pateiktos šios platformos sukūrimo alternatyvos. 2019 m. bus parengta techninė užduotis, pagal kurią 2020 m. prasidės projektas „Biologinės įvairovės informacinės platformos sukūrimas“, kurioje bus invazinių rūšių modulis su informatyvia priežiūros sistema.
2019 m. pradėta naudoti Nacionalinės mokėjimo agentūros (NMA) sukurta programėlė „NMA Agro“, į kurią galima teikti pranešimus apie Sosnovskio barščio augimvietes (https://www.nma.lt/index.php/naujienos/pamatete-sosnovskio-barsti-praneskite-kur-jis/21915). 
Surinkti duomenys teikiami vietos savivaldos institucijoms ir Aplinkos ministerijai. Šie duomenys bus naudojami Sosnovskio barščio paplitimo analizei ir veiksmų planui parengti.

informPublic:
Visuomenės informavimo šaltiniai:
1)	Aplinkos ministerijos svetainės naujienų skiltyje ir nuolatinėse rubrikose pateikiama informacija apie naujienas ir informaciją, susijusi su Reglamento (ES) Nr. 1143/2014 įgyvendinimu: http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys
2)	Aplinkos ministerijai pavaldžios institucijos, NVO ir kitos institucijos  savo svetainėse skelbia informaciją, susijusią su invazinių rūšių reglamentavimu;
https://vmvt.lt/gyvunu-sveikata-ir-gerove/gyvunu-sveikata/invaziniai-gyvunai-ir-augalai
https://www.glis.lt/?pid=59
http://grazute.lt/veikla/naujienos/neleiskime-invazinems-rusims-keisti-musu-gamtos
http://vrd.am.lt/VI/article.php3?article_id=9690	

3)	Aplinkos ministerijos užsakomieji straipsniai, video reportažai, radijo laidos;
https://www.delfi.lt/grynas/gamta/patvirtintas-invaziniu-rusiu-sarasas-kas-kelia-didziausia-gresme-lietuvai.d?id=69882322
https://www.15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/zalias/europos-sajunga-toliau-grieztina-invaziniu-gyvunu-ir-augalu-naudojimo-tvarka-savininkams-teks-gauti-naujus-leidimus-1007-991986
http://www.respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/kitos_lietuvos_zinios/ka_kiekvienas_turime_zinoti_apie_invazines_augalu_ir_gyvunu_rusis/

4)	Įvairūs straipsniai, TV ir radio laidos, informacija svetainėse:
https://www.tauroragas.lt/straipsnis/es-invaziniu-rusiu-sarasa-papilde-ir-lietuvoje-auginamas-paukstis
https://aplinka.vilnius.lt/lietuvoje-invazines-organizmu-rusys/
https://forest.lt/go.php/lit/AM-naujas-leidinys--Invazines-rusys-Lietuvoje/5884
https://www.lrt.lt/naujienos/mokslas-ir-it/11/143337/invazines-rusys-kelia-susirupinima-visai-es
http://alkas.lt/2016/12/17/gyva-kaledine-dovana-neturetu-buti-is-svetimu-priesisku-rusiu-saraso/
http://alkas.lt/2016/07/24/svetimi-gyvunai-ir-augalai-kelia-susirupinima-visai-europos-sajungai/
http://alkas.lt/2015/08/04/invazinems-rusims-auginti-ir-naudoti-reikes-leidimu/
http://udiena.lt/ivairenybes/item/6037-patvirtintas-europos-invaziniu-rusiu-sarasas
https://m.klaipeda.diena.lt/naujienos/lietuva/salies-pulsas/invazines-rusys-galvos-skausmas-visai-europai-761622
https://www.tv3.lt/naujiena/lietuva/855838/es-invaziniu-rusiu-sarase-lietuvoje-augantys-sosnovskio-barsciai-veziai
http://www.respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/kitos_lietuvos_zinios/mums_grasina_koaciai/,print.1
http://www.santaka.info/?sidx=35990
https://www.etaplius.lt/lietuvos-zoologijos-sodui-isduotas-pirmasis-lietuvoje-leidimas-naudoti-invazines-es-rusis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?reload=9&v=VK0VakrstJI
http://valstietis.lt/naujienos/sodyba/nutrijoms-laikyti-reikia-gauti-leidima/
5)	Aplinkos ministerijos išleisti leidiniai ir plakatai apie invazines rūšis: http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys/porubrikes-leidiniai-ir-plakatai-apie-invazines-rusis/lietuvos-invaziniu-augalu-ir-gyvunu-plakatai;
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320225143_Invazines_rusys_Lietuvoje_Invasive_species_in_Lithuania
6)	Seminarai, konferencijos, praktiniai mokymai: 
http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys/porubrikes-informacija-apie-sosnovskio-barsti
https://www.veisiejai.lm.lt/index.php/842-edukacinis-uzsiemimas-invazines-rusys-verkiu-ir-pavilniu-regioniniuose-parkuose
2017-02-22 Aplinkos ministerijoje vyko seminaras „Barščių (Heracleum) genties augalų integruoto naikinimo metodai Lietuvai“, kurį pristatė EMPHASIS projekto vykdytojai „Integrētās Audzēšanas Skola”. http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys/informacija-apie-sosnovskio-barscio-naikinima-is-emphasis-projekto
2017-04-03 Aplinkos ministerija organizavo bandomąjį Sosnovskio barščio naikinimą nauju integruotu biologiniu-cheminiu metodu Vilniaus r.
2018-02-29 Aplinkos ministerijoje vyko diskusija „Diskusija „ar jau laikas įteisinti prievolę naikinti Sosnovskio barštį visiems žemės naudotojams Lietuvoje?“ 
2018-04-26 Aplinkos ministerija kartu su VDU Botanikos sodu surengė praktinį Sosnovskio barščio naikinimo seminarą, kurio metu Botanikos sodo teritorijoje bus aptariami ir rodomi įvairūs Sosnovskio barščio naikinimo būdai: https://botanika.vdu.lt/aktualijos/praktiniame-seminare-aptare-sosnovskio-barscio-naikinimo-budus
7)	Informavimas raštu apie ES invazinių rūšių  naudojimo teisinį reglamentavimą: zoologijos sodai, botanikos sodai, draugijos, asociacijos ir pan., kurios užsiima dekoratyvinių augalų, gyvūnų naudojimu ir kitų asmenų, kurie gali laikyti, auginti ir pan. invazines rūšis.
8)	Konsultacijos, naudinga informacija apie invazinių rūšių naikinimą ir pan.: 
http://am.lrv.lt/uploads/am/documents/files/Gamtos%20apsauga%20ir%20mi%C5%A1kai/Gamtos%20apsauga/Invazin%C4%97s%20r%C5%AB%C5%A1ys/S%C4%85jungai%20susir%C5%ABpinim%C4%85%20kelian%C4%8Di%C5%B3%20invazini%C5%B3%20svetim%C5%B3%20r%C5%AB%C5%A1i%C5%B3%20s%C4%85ra%C5%A1as.pdf
http://am.lrv.lt/lt/veiklos-sritys-1/gamtos-apsauga/invazines-rusys/sosnovskio-barscio-heracleum-sosnowskyi-naikinimas-taikant-nauja-integruota-naikinimo-metoda
https://www.lrmuitine.lt/mport/failai/naujienos/2017_metai/CITES_seminaro_darbotvarke_11_13.pdf
http://aukstadvarioseniunija.lt/home/143-invazins-rys-plinta-k-daryti-.html
https://www.nma.lt/index.php/naujienos/pamatete-sosnovskio-barsti-praneskite-kur-jis/21915
https://botanika.vdu.lt/aktualijos/kovai-su-sosnovskio-barsciais-efektyvesnes-priemones


# eu_impactDescription

description:
Decreasing species diversity of the invaded habitat


description:
Decreasing species diversity of the invaded habitat, increasing soil erosion


description:
Decreasing species diversity of the invaded habitat; increasing coastal erosion


description:
Decreasing species diversity of the invaded habitat, decreasing value of landscape


description:
Predation threat and competition for feed


description:
Sunaikindamas plačiažnyplių vėžių išteklius, rainuotasis vėžys daro ekologinę ir ekonominę žalą.


description:
Kelia grėsmę plačiažnypliams vėžiams, su kuriais konkuruoja dėl maisto ir buveinių. Perneša vėžių maro sukėlėjus. Užimtose buveinėse juos visiškai išnaikinti praktiškai neįmanoma. Daro neigiamą poveikį vandens augalams ir bestuburiams.


description:
Rūšis daro neigiamą poveikį biologinei įveirovei, šalies ūkiui ir kelia grėsmę žmonių sveikatai.


description:
Impacts are the same as reported in the risk assessment.


description:
Possible negative effects through competition and crayfish plague transmission


description:
in a mesocosm environment, the species clips the aquatic vegetation efficiently (research at the University of Antwerp - by Jonas Schoelynck)


description:
There are only rare observations of the species, so it has no impact on the protected species niether habitats or ecosystem services.


description:
There are only a few locations where the species has been recorded, so there is no evidence on serious impact on the protected species, habitats or ecosystem services. Guidelines for the action plan for the management of Common milkweed has been prepared to prevent the impact in the future (http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/sirska_svilnica_strokovne_podlage.pdf )


description:
There is no evidence that the species has any impact in Slovenia. Data on presence of Elodea nuttallii are gathered in the framework of gathering data needed for the evaluation of the ecological status of surface waters in accordance with the EU Water framework Directive.


description:
Natural regeneration of alluvial forests is reduced.


description:
The grey squirrel outcompetes the native red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) for food and space causing a decline in red squirrel populations. It can also carry the Squirrel Pox Virus (SQPV) which does not affect it but is lethal to infected red squirrels. Grey squirrels also cause economic damage in woods through bark stripping with damage levels greatest in plantations of sycamore, beech and oak. Financial cost of damage is estimated at €4.5 million per year for the island of Ireland.


description:
Wpływ na gospodarkę
W obrębie polskiego stanowiska obserwowano zarastanie przepustu pomiędzy zbiornikami.


description:
Wpływ na gospodarkę
Obecnie gatunek nie zagraża istotnie uprawom zbóż i roślin okopowych, choć znane są przypadki lokalnej ekspansji na polach ziemniaków. Gatunek może powodować zarastanie łąk i pastwisk, utrudnia zabiegi agrotechniczne na terenach, na których występuje. Na niebezpieczny kontakt z gatunkiem narażone są zwierzęta hodowlane i domowe, zwłaszcza o jasnym umaszczeniu. Oparzeniom najczęściej ulegają jasne części ciała, u krów – wymiona, a u psów – okolice nosa. Spożycie dojrzałych, surowych liści gatunku przez krowy może powodować poparzenia układu pokarmowego i krwawe biegunki, w konsekwencji prowadząc do strat w pogłowiu bydła. Zatrucia obserwowano również u owiec.


description:
Has made once deep narrow streams,  wider and less deep. This locally effects populations of salmo trutta


description:
Wpływ na środowisko przyrodnicze
Na podkreślenie zasługuje fakt, że oddziaływanie gatunku dotyczy przede wszystkim zbiorowisk przewodnich dla siedlisk przyrodniczych objętych ochroną w UE. Są to głównie ziołorośla górskie i ziołorośla nadrzeczne (kod 6430), a w niższych położeniach górskich także pionierska roślinność na kamieńcach górskich potoków (3220). W przypadku siedlisk leśnych oddziaływanie dotyczy głównie łęgów wierzbowych, topolowych, olszowych i jesionowych (91E0). Z obszaru Polski znane są również przypadki pojawiania się niecierpka gruczołowatego na powierzchniach nieużytkowanych łąk, w tym także zaliczanych do chronionych typów siedlisk przyrodniczych, jak m.in. zmiennowilgotne łąki trzęślicowe (6410). Ponadto, obecność niecierpka gruczołowatego odnotowano w innych chronionych typach siedlisk przyrodniczych, należą do nich: torfowiska wysokie z roślinnością torfotwórczą (żywe) (7110), torfowiska przejściowe i trzęsawiska (7140), torfowiska nakredowe (7210), górskie i nizinne torfowiska zasadowe o charakterze młak, turzycowisk i mechowisk (7230), oraz bory i lasy bagienne (91D0). Na podstawie dotychczas opublikowanych wyników badań i obserwacji terenowych, trudno jednoznacznie stwierdzić na ile zmiany tych siedlisk szczególnej troski są całkowicie odwracalne.


description:
The effect on the honey bee population is a direct effect due the losses produced by direct predation by Vespa velutina, and indirectly by the reduction in the activities of bees in the presence of Vespa velutina, which results in a weakening and eventually the final death of the hive.
But it is also an impact on pollination by the honey bee


description:
Asian hornet is a predator of insects which may eventually lead in the medium term to significant impacts on biodiversity, particularly on native wasp species and populations of other insects. As side effects of the decrease in native entomofauna, there may be less pollination of species of natural or cultivated vegetation.


# eu_impactedEcosystems

group:
Lifecycle maintenance, habitat and gene pool protection


class:
Mass stabilisation and control of erosion rates


class:
Maintaining nursery populations and habitats


# eu_impactedProtectedHabitats

name:
Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)


name:
Fennoscandian mineral-rich springs and springfens


name:
Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines


name:
Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation


name:
Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis)


name:
Petrifying springs with tufa formation (Cratoneurion)


name:
Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands


name:
Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils (Molinion caeruleae)


# eu_impacts

impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Some native plants living among hogweeds. No threatened species.


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Chemical control can effect any native species present in the colony, depending on how control has been carried out. No specific data has been collected species by species.


impactPerSpecies:
Captured in the traps (lethal - less often than rattus norvegicus)


impactPerSpecies:
captured in the traps (lethal - less often than rattus norvegicus)


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
trout Salmo trutta, roach Rutilus rutilus


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Bycatch of native (fish) species (such as eel).


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Piégeage d'individus d'Apodemus sylvaticus L. - sans incidences

impactPerSpecies:
Piégeage d'individus d'Apodemus sylvaticus L. - sans incidences


impactPerSpecies:
The amphibians in the treated area were captured and translocated to a nearby area avoiding the impact on them.


impactPerSpecies:
The use of phytosanitaries could affect other neighboring herbaceous species. However, since this species forms a monospecific community and the surrounding vegetation in the area is composed of common species, the impact is suitable. In order to minimize the impact in the freshwater fauna, the use of phytosanitaries is avoided when there is water in ditches or in the proximity of flooded fields.


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Native fish, crayfish and freshwater turtles

impactPerSpecies:
Previously the aquatic fauna (fish, crayfish and freshwater turtles) was removed.


impactPerSpecies:
Two specimens of Martes foina were captured with dog proof traps and subsequently released.


impactPerSpecies:
Evidence of impact on the community of benthic aquatic macroinvertebrates (not significant, statistically) Decreased IBMWP (Iberian Biomonitoring Working Party), IASPT (IBMWP/number of taxa) and EPT (Ephemeroptera + Diptera + Trichoptera). Diptera family richness increased and Ephemeroptera family richness decreased.


impactedNonTargetedSpecies:
Species of the Apidae and Vespidae families

impactPerSpecies:
Non-target species unintended death. Although the traps are selective, some non-target species fall into them, although with very low impact, because a few number of traps have been set, in addition they are very selective.


impactPerSpecies:
By trapping the queens, specimens of other species are also caught (it is worth mentioning Vespa cabro).


impactPerSpecies:
Accidental capture with attractant baited traps. As consequence of the number of actions carried out, the impact on non-target species is not considered significant.


impactPerSpecies:
Vespa cabro (European hornet) is vulnerable since its behavior is similar to that of the Asian species.


impactPerSpecies:
The species of this family are attracted to the sweet liquids used as attractants in these traps.


impactPerSpecies:
Impact when non-selective traps are used.


# eu_measures

addInfo:
Fishing rules and regulations allow the capture of specimens of this species. Once any of these specimens are taken into possession, they must be killed immediately.


addInfo:
Currently in development. A control plan for the species has been drawn up in Extremadura (http://doe.gobex.es/pdfs/doe/2016/2200o/16061720.pdf). This plan has been developed according to Spanish regulation (article 64.5 of Ley 42/2007, de 13 de diciembre, del Patrimonio Natural y de la Biodiversidad) and Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014.
A Natura 2000 Network site where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out is the ZEC "Ríos Algón y Jerte" (ES4320071)


addInfo:
Currently in development. Control by sport fishing (using crab traps) in authorized water bodies in accordance with the law (https://www.xunta.gal/dog/Publicados/2018/20180913/AnuncioG0422-100918-0001_es.html)
Related to the Natura 2000 Network sites, the species has only been mentioned in the Serra de Enciña de Lastra ZEC (ES1130009), where sport fishing is permitted as a management measure.


addInfo:
Pennisetum setaceum is widely spread throughout the Valencian Community coastal and pre-coastal territories. This species has colonized the territory as a result of its extensive use in xero-gardening. Management measures have been carried out since 2010, assuming that their eradication is impossible (as the result of the pressure of propagules on the environment and the inaccessibility of many of the populations). The measures have not stopped the spread of the species in the Valencian territory which is favored by the development in transport infrastructure. The measures made yearly is shown as well as the number of localities where these measures have been applied. 
     - year 2010; working days: 52; number of localities: 26;
     - year 2011; working days: 48; number of localities: 20; 
     - year 2012; working days: 36; number of localities: 17;
     - year 2013; working days: 74; number of localities: 41;
     - year 2014; working days: 94; number of localities: 33;
     - year 2015; working days: 84; number of localities: 28;
     - year 2016; working days: 35; number of localities: 21;
     - year 2017; working days: 32; number of localities: 24;
     - year 2018; working days: 10; number of localities: 9


addInfo:
Control in the Vall de Betlem (Barcelona) by the Barcelona Provincial Council.


addInfo:
In the municipality of San José. Subject to rapid eradication after early detection. The measures last 2 years.


addInfo:
In Chiclana beach. Subject to rapid eradication after early detection. The measures lasted 2 years.


addInfo:
Eradication of a local population of American crab in a locality about 50m2 in Venta del Moro (Natura 2000 network LIC and natural park "Hoces del Cabriel" (ES5233010). A combination of hand (capture with hand nets) and physical (desiccation) methods were used.
The measure began in June 2016 by hand removal of 300 specimens. On July 3, the water body was drained due to the difficulty to remove all the specimens. The draining was quick and, at the same time, 1.500 specimens were removed. Later, on July 5-11, more specimens, which were buried in mud, were removed. In total, 1.998 crab specimens were removed. The eradication was possible thanks to the complete draining of the water body which was kept empty from July to October 2016.


addInfo:
Capture by eel and crab nets. Currently in development. Andalusia has implemented a control plan for the species in the Guadalquivir wetlands (https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/boja/2016/152/8). This plan has been developed according to Spanish regulation (article 64.5 of Ley 42/2007, de 13 de diciembre, del Patrimonio Natural y de la Biodiversidad) and Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 The unlimited commercialization of the species intended for the food industry is included in this plan. Between August 2016 - December 2017, 2.926 tonnes were caught in the Guadalquivir wetlands (about 117 million specimens).


addInfo:
Espèce classée nuisible : les animaux peuvent être toute l'année piégés en tout lieu, détruits à tir, déterrés, avec ou sans chien. (arrêté du 2 septembre 2016)


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Seuls les agents de l'ONCFS assistés des agents de l'AFB, de gestionnaires d'espaces naturels, de lieutenants de louveterie, de gardes-particuliers et pour cet ensemble après avoir eu une formation par l'ONCFS et restant sous leur contrôle, assurent la destruction des érismatures rousses. Spécifiquement sur le lac de Grand-Lieu en Loire-Atlantique, les agents de la réserve naturelle nationale sont autorisés à détruire les spécimens d'érismature rousse. Plus de 2000 oiseaux ont été prélevés depuis 1996 et  177 en 2018. un bilan annuel est réalisé par l'ONCFS dans le cadre du plan national de lutte dont le comité de pilotage se réunit annuellement. Les effectifs hivernaux en France en 2019 étaient de moins de 100 oiseaux (d'ordinaire le double) sans savoir quelles en sont les raisons. depuis octobre 2018, l'ONCFS assisté de la structure gestionnaire de la réserve naturelle du lac de Grand-lieu (SNPN) pilote un LIFE Nature pour 5 années avec le recrutement d'une équipe dédiée de 4 agents. Ils ont pour objectifs d'appuyer ce qui se fait déjà au sein de l'ONCFS en renforçant la capacité de détection et de réaction rapide. Parallèlement, la captivité de cette espèce fait l'objet d'un suivi prioritaire par l'ONCFS.
http://www.oncfs.gouv.fr/Recherches-sur-les-especes-exotiques-envahissantes-ru509/Strategie-dans-l-eradication-de-l-erismature-rousse-ar1271


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Destruction des nids de frelon par méthodes physiques et chimiques, sans résultats effectifs. Espèce ayant colonisé l'ensemble du territoire métropolitain.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 1818 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 2607 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 2687 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 2736 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 7 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 19 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 40 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 6 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 2 individuals.


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NFC Zvolen: Hunting statistics for period of 2015-2018. Information on hunting bags - 3 individuals.


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Currently in development. Hand collection of chicks in the breeding areas in the city of Pontevedra (Galicia).
The species has been cited in the following Natura 2000 Network sites, but no measures have been carried out: ZECs "Ensenada de San Simón" (ES1140016), "A Ramallosa" (ES1140003), "Baixo Miño" (ES1140007) and "Baixa Limia" (ES1130001).


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Completed by rural agents with firearms. Twelve specimens were controlled (9 in 2016, 2 in 2017, 1 in 2018). The rural agents have carried out surveys and confiscated specimens which have been moved to the Wildlife Center "Torrefusa". A management plan has been drawn up http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/llista_sp_catalogades/ocells/DOC/Oca-egipcia.-Alopochen-aegyptiaca.pdf


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Currently in development. The General Directorate of Natural Heritage of the Department of Environment, Territory and Housing of the Government of Galicia has hired in the period 2016 - 2018 a service to apply management measures for invasive flora and fauna species in Galicia. One of the measures is focused on the adoption of early eradication measures for invasive alien species, where the early eradication of Altemanthera philoxeroides is included. The measures carried out are listed hereunder:
10/06/2015 - Glyphosate application
27/07/2015 -  Glyphosate application
02/10/2017 - 04/10/2017 Hand removal
09/10/2017 – Biocide application
29/11/2017 – Biocide application
03/10/ 2018 – Biocide application + mechanical treatment


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On May 6, 2016, a written document was sent to the Directorate General for Coasts communicating the presence of the species in the coasts requesting collaboration for the species removal. The specimens still remain in the area.


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Physical treatment and chemical application in all localities. In 2018, salinization was tested in the Parque Natural de Oyambre obtaining good results. Localities where the measures have taken place: Parque Natural de las Dunas de Liencres, Parque Natural de las Marismas de Santoña and Ría de Tijero.


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High efficiency. It’s necessary the coordination with the Basque Country authorities considering this region as the entry pathway.


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In Gipuzkoa, the measures have taken place in the municipalities of Irun, Hondarribia, Pasaia, Errenteria, Lezo, Donostia-San Sebastian, Usurbil,Orio, Zarautz and Aia. Natura 2000 Network sites where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out are listed: ZECs "Txingudi-Bidasoa", "Jaizkibel", "Ulia", "Iñurritza" and "Ría del Oria". Measures of control and eradication of Baccharis halimifolia in the framework of the project Txinbadia+ (Basque Government and Gipuzkoa Provincial Council).
- In Bizkaia the measures have taken place in the municipalities of Mendexa, Lekeitio, Lemoiz, Gatika, Plentzia, Gorliz and Muskiz. Natura 2000 Network sites where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out are listed: ZECs "Río Lea","Barbadun" and "Estuario del Butrón". Mechanical and chemical control of the specimens located in 2016 (Basque Government) and in 2017 (Bizkaia Provincial Council). 
In ZEC "Barbadun": mechanical removal of all the specimens detected during 2015.  In 2017 and 2018 an inspection was carried out and no new specimens or regrowth were found. Up to this day, monitoring is maintained and there is no evidence of specimens. In Butron Estuary: mechanical and chemical control of specimens. Intense sprouts and new plants located after the treatments of 2016 and 2017. Annual monitoring.


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Removal measures were carried out throughout the years. Mechanical extraction and physical control measures by floating barriers. Natura 2000 Network sites where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out are listed here: ZEC “Río Guadiana Internacional” (ES4310027), ZEC “Río Guadiana Alto-Zújar” (ES4310026), ZEPA “Embalse de Montijo” (ES0000328) and ZEPA “Azud de Badajoz” (ES0000393).


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Hand removal hardly affects native macrophytes since Eichhornia crassipes grows forming practically a monospecific community. The populations of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) detected by the early warning network are being removed from the environment. Natura 2000 Network sites where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out are listed here: "Complexo Ons - O Grove (Lagoa Bodeira)" (ES1140004) and "Betanzos-Mandeo" (ES1110007).


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Currently in development. In the high course of the Segre river.


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In Catalonia, the species is controlled mainly by the Rural Agents Corps. 104 specimens were captured during the activity period of this report: 14 (2015), 29 (2016), 38 (2017) and 23 (2018).


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The method used is trapping. Measures developed by the Gipuzkoa Provincial Council.


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Captures by crab traps in the Barrendiola-Brinkola reservoir (for water supply) (Urola river basin, Municipality of Legazpia).


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Containment methods, mainly physical. Capture. In the three provinces, fishing is prohibited.


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The measures taking place in the Llobregat river basin (province of Barcelona) are currently in development. The population is decreasing and the size of specimens which prey on naiads is decreasing as well. The population of naiads is increasing and the impact on the native crayfish is positive. Measures developed mainly by the ADEFFA Association of Santa Maria de Merlès, Barcelona.


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Currently in development. The mechanical-physical methods applied are backhoe and hand removal. The prohibition of the use of herbicides in aquatic environment supposes an important limitation for the control of these species. As a result of these works, it is concluded that the control of this species with mechanical methods is impossible. A summary which allows assessing the scope of these works is presented: 
Locality: Altea
    - year  2011;  working days: 58;  extracted volume: 400m3; area: 2.288 m2 
    - year 2012;  working days: 18;  extracted volume: 48,4m3; area: 3.892 m2
    - year 2013;  working days: 5;  extracted volume: 14 m3; area: 4.200 m2
    - year 2014;  working days: 4;  extracted volume: 5 m3; area: without data
    - year 2015;  working days: without data;  extracted volume: 0m3; area: 830 m2
    - year 2016;  working days: without data;  extracted volume: 0m3; area: 470 m2
    - year 2017; working days: without data; extracted volume: 0 m3; area: 210 m2
Locality: El Campello
    - year 2017; working days:9; extracted volume 38m3; area: 1.846 m2
It is important to remark that the population decrease in Altea isn’t a result of these measures but the adverse climatic conditions for the species. On the other hand, an increase in the distribution area in the Valencian Community has been verified, passing from one to two populations.


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Currently in development. The eradication requires the combination of methods: monitoring and intensive capture of adults and larvae, physical isolation and salinization to eliminate the aquatic stage. More information in http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/gestio_fauna_invasora/granota_toro/INFORME-GRANOTA-TORO.pdf
14 specimens have been analyzed to discard the presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans and Ranavirus with a negative result. More information in http://mediambient.gencat.cat/web/.content/home/ambits_dactuacio/patrimoni_natural/especies_exotiques_medinatural/gestio_fauna_invasora/granota_toro/Informe-sanitari-Rana-Toro.pdf


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LIC "Albufera" (ES0000023); year 2014; treated area:12 m2; eradicated area: 12 m2; working days: 2. Hand removal. 
LIC "Marjal de la Safor" (ES5233030) (Ullal Fosc); year 2917; eradicated volume: 3,5 m3; working days: 5,5. Hand removal.


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The measures took place in the Riera de Canet and Llèmena river (province of Girona). These measures were included in the LIFE Potamofauna program. The population decreased up to 90% in the control localities.


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The measure was carried out in the municipality of Alhama de Murcia in 2017 and it lasts one day. It was done at the request of an environmental association. It consisted of the eradication of specimens planted in a roundabout since 2008. Technicians verified a very good result of that action, however, in the vicinity of the roundabout, a total of 38 "escaped" individuals appeared.


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Ludwigia grandiflora inhabits a large area in coastal marshes and in the middle and lower courses of the Júcar River. It is only possible to control its development and try to eradicate small, incipient or confined populations. A combination of manual and mechanical methods has been used in control and eradication works.
- LIC and Natural Park "Albufera de Valencia" (ES0000023)
     - year 2016; treated area: 6.990 m2; eradicated area: 6.990 m2; working days: 8+16 of machinery; methods: mechanical and manual works. Result: need to be checked. 
     - year 2017; treated area: 1.545 m2 (sprouts); eradicated area: 1.545 m2; working days: 44+12 of machinery; mechanical and manual works. Result: need to be checked.
     - year 2018; treated area: 110 m2 (sprouts); eradicated area: 110 m2; working days: 7 (Natural Park brigade) PN. manual works. Result: need to be checked.
- LIC and Natural Park "Marjal de Pego-Oliva" (ES0000147)
     - year 2016: treated area: 5.814 lineal meter; eradicated area: 2.700 lineal meter; working days: 4+10 of machinery; methods: mechanical and manual works. Result: Negative results, regeneration of the population in a vegetative period. 
-LIC " Xeraco, Xeresa, Gandía, Tavernes de la Valldigna " (ES5233030). In an irrigation ditch of the Marjal de Xeresa where Utricularia australis (cataloged as critically endangered) inhabits, in order to reduce competition.
     - year 2016; eradicated surface: 300 m2; working days: 31;  methods: manual works. Result: need to be checked. 
     - year 2017; eradicated area; 300 m2, working days: 7; methods: manual works. Result: need to be checked .
     - year 2018; extracted volume: 4,6 m3; working days: 20; methods: manual works.  Result: need to be checked.
- Specific measures in the Albaida river (municipalities of Bellús and Xàtiva); year 2017; working days: 14.
- Specific measures in the Algar river (municipalities of Bellús and Xàtiva); year 2013; volume extracted: 11,4 m3; working days: 3,1.


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The main actions carried out in Galicia to control the species are as follows.
- 15/10/2014 - 16/10/2014. Removal of the species was carried out by the Delegation of Ourense, General Directorate of Nature Conservation. A mechanized removal was carried out with a backhoe in 80 meters of the channel (riverbed), from upstream to downstream. The removed biomass was deposited in a nearby ditch until it rotted.
-19/9/2015 and 29/09/2016. Working days for the elimination of Ludwigia grandiflora on the Limia river by volunteers led by ADEGA technical staff. http://www.adega.gal/novas.php?id=380&idioma=gl&sec=9
- 20/10/2016 - 04/11/2016. Elimination works in the Barbaña and Barbañica rivers in Ourense by the Miño-Sil Hydrographic Confederation.
- 11-30/08/2017. Carried out by the brigade of the Territorial Headquarters of the Department of the Environment and Land Planning in Ourense. The removed plants were destroyed by burying them into a plot assigned by the Galician Society of Natural History in the area of action.
- 16/9/2017. Working day for the elimination of Ludwigia grandiflora by volunteers led by ADEGA technical staff. http://www.adega.gal/novas.php?id=380&idioma=gl&sec=9
- 20-27/10/2017. Hand removal in the Barbaña river by the Miño-Sil Hydrographic Confederation.
A Natura 2000 Network site where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out is the ZEC "Baixa Limia-Serra do Xurés"	(ES1130001)


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Failure in every attempt of eradication. The species is still in the province.


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The mechanical-physical methods used to control M. aquaticum consist of a combination of hand removal and use of covers made of biodegradable jute, to crush the plants and deprive them of light. The works aren't successful. A summary of indicators that allow assessing the results of the measures is presented:
     - year 2012; treated area: 395 m2; covered area: 0 m2; removed biomass by hand: 0 m2; working days: 0, 
     - year 2013; treated area: 395 m2; covered area: 395m2; removed biomass by hand: 2,5m3; working days: 38,9 .
     - year 2014; treated area: 384 m2; covered area: 372m2; removed biomass by hand: 9,5m3; working days: 40.
     - year 2015; treated area: 281 m2; covered area: 0; removed biomass by hand: 18,3 m3; working days: 34.
     - year 2016; treated area: 460 m2; covered area: 0; removed biomass by hand: 43,5m3; working days: 83,4 .
     - year 2017; treated area: 42 m2; covered area: 0; removed biomass by hand: 2,3m3; working days: 25.
     - year 2018; treated area: 42 m2; covered area: 0; removed biomass by hand: 2,2m3; working days: 27.
A Natura 2000 Network site where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out is the LIC "Curs Mitja del Riu Albaida" (ES5232008)


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Currently in development. Eradication measure by the Barcelona Provincial Council in the only known locality of the species in El Molinot reservoir, (Parc del Montnegre y el Corredor).


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Emptying the pond where the specimens inhabited, capture and translocation. 
A Natura 2000 Network site where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out is the ZEC "Monfragüe" (ES4320077)


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This measure tries to avoid the contact in the headwaters between the populations of this species and those of the native crayfish. The species has already colonized the Boadella reservoir. Measures carried out in part by the Salines Bassegoda Consortium.


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Currently in development. A control plan for the species has been drawn up in Extremadura (http://doe.gobex.es/pdfs/doe/2016/2200o/16061720.pdf). This plan has been developed according to Spanish regulation (article 64.5 of Ley 42/2007, de 13 de diciembre, del Patrimonio Natural y de la Biodiversidad) and Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014.


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Currently in development. Control by sport fishing (using crab traps) in authorized water bodies in accordance with the law (https://www.xunta.gal/dog/Publicados/2018/20180913/AnuncioG0422-100918-0001_es.html). This measure implies to kill immediately the specimens of Procambarus clarkii captured, for which reason no inspection was made to the establishment. The security measures in the transport (confinement of specimens, contingency plan) of the specimens were appropriated. 
Related to the Natura 2000 Network sites, the species has only been mentioned in ZEC "Serra de Enciña de Lastra" (ES1130009), where sport fishing is permitted as a management measures.


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Fishing is prohibited.
Mainly physical methods have been carried out (capture). In one locality of Teruel, treatments with antiquitinizers have been applied.


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In Moxina, estanys d’en Broc (Girona). Spring and summer traps. Measures carried out by the Volcanic Zone of La Garrotxa - Molino del Font Wildlife Center (DTES).


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Measures carried out by the Natural Park Delta de l'Ebre. DTES. Government of Catalonia.


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Low course of Ter river. Measures carried out by the Consorci del Ter in the Riberas del Bajo Ter.


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Specific measures in Lleida. Ditches and artificial ponds. Mas de Melons and isolated areas.


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Eradication measures apply to the Owentaraglin Catchment, from source, downstream as far as confluence with Blackwater.
End date for eradication measures are undetermined.
Eradication measures are by hand-pulling of the plants.
Funding of this work is from a RAPTORLIFE project covering both the Blackwater catchment and the Owentaraglin catchment with total cost for Impatiens glandulifera control to date being €338,048. As the level of infestation and input into control is approximately equal for both catchements, a cost of €169,024 cost of eradication including personnel, travel & subsistence and consumables to date is given for this site.
Further information on the RAPTORLIFE project is available from: https://www.duhallowlife.com/raptor-life/about-raptor-life-project


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Population #10 Dabas taka pie Velnapēdas akmens


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Eradication methods used: other- combined 
Duration of application of eradication - until complete eradication


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Control methods include hand pulling of Lagarosiphon major by divers for small areas of infestation. The removed plant material is bagged and disposed of. Laying of jute matting (which is biodegradable) will cover beds of Lagarosiphon major where the infestation is more extensive. 
The site will be monitored for re-growth from the shore line and through diving and infestations found will be treated according to the above methods as appropriate.
Indirect methods: Biosecurity actions have been put in place to  prevent further spread within and from the site.  This includes implementation of biosecurity guidelines such as check, clean and disinfection of all equipment and outerwear while undertaking eradication works and for users of the lake. Erection of biosecurity guidance signs around the lake and direct engagement with fishing rights owners, local anglers, local residents and other relevant stakeholder groups.
Initial control measures in 2016-2017 substantially reduced the population of Lagarosiphon major. However, no control measures were undertaken in 2018 and site surveys in May 2019 show that there has been some spread within Lough Inchiquin and also to the lower connected Lough Clonee. An up-dated eradication plan is currently being drafted. 
No impacts on non-target species have been reported to date.
The end date for eradication measures is currently undetermined.


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Control work in 2008-2013 under the CAISIE LIFE programme reduced the total surface area of the species in Lough Corrib from 98 hectares to 9 hectares where population management is ongoing.
Mechanised operations (cutting and harvesting) were carried out on 98 hectares. The harvested plants were dried and composted on site. Manual
uprooting was done in very small areas (a total of 0.5 hectare) and made it possible to selectively manage L. major in sections where its density was low.Regrowth of native macrophytes occurred, but at slower rates than on the sites where sheets of burlap were used. The latter method was implemented on a total of 5 hectares and had a number of advantages:
- ease of use (the biodegradable fabric rapidly absorbs water and sinks to the bottom, it is not necessary to remove it);
- the curly waterweed covered by the fabric quickly dies;
- native macrophytes regrow through the burlap fabric after approximately 4 months and the original plant community fully recovers after about 2 years.
Cost of managing Lagarosiphon major in Lough Corrib was 400 000 euros from 2005 to 2008;  1.5 million euros from 2009 to 2012 and 300 000 euros in 2013 - i.e. a total of 2.2 million euros for the period from 2005 to 2013.
At the time of reporting there was no updated data available on the extent and cost of the ongoing managment measures. 
The end date is currently undetermined.


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One male Muntjac deer was caught using a net, removed from site and then shot with a rifle. No additional Muntjac deer were seen during further surveillance of the area.


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On the day the Muntiacus reevesi was seen and reported, eradication by shooting was attempted but measures could not be deployed as a clear shot was not possible. Subsequently two cameras over about two months. The camera trap sites were baited with carrots, potatoes and turnip but no Muntiacus reevesi were observed or subsequently reported. Local National Parks and Wildlife Service Conservation Ranger raised awarenss of the sighting with the local community and the large bird watching community that visit the site and encouraged reporting of the species.


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Most of the animals trapped and removed from this core population site occued during the initial rapid response phase. Few animals have been seen. At this stage it is unclear what the extent of the populaiton is and so it is also unclear what the popualtion trend is at this time. 
An estimated end date of 31 December 2020 is given for managment measures at this core population site but in reality, the end date will be determined by the effectivenness of the management measures that are being periodically assessed and so there is currently an undetermined end date.


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On the day the sighting was reported, National Parks and Wildlife Service rapidly responded by commissioning a pest control service to collect and euthanize the animals. The two animals were dispatched by shooting using .22 rifle on same day as sighting reported. No further animals seen. 
Both specimens deposited with University College Cork for further examination. 
Species alert and eradication measures submitted to NOTSYS on 01 August 2018.


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One female approximately 1 year old was captured by National Parks and Wildlife Service and taken into captivity by Fota Wildlife park in Co. Cork.


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One animal was dispatched in November 2018. Prior to this date there were numerous anecdotal and one verified report of a Procyon lotor in the general vicinity. Local National Parks and Wildlife Service Conservation Ranger was responding to the sightings and an animal detected and dispatched. There have been no further sighting reports for this area. There were however anecdotal reports of Raccoon in locations approximately 10 kilometres away in November 2018. National Parks and Wildlife Service staff remain vigilant in surveillance for the animal(s) but none have been detected and none there have been no further reported sightings from these areas.


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250 muskrats killed, ca 50% of affected waterways now free of muskrats. Eradication programme continues.


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An individual was registered and photo documented. The bird had however left the area when the Nature Agency went to eradicate it. A few weeks later an individual was shot just on the other side of the border in Germany, which could have been this individual. It has not been resighted in Denmark.


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Designation of wildlife management units to shoot animals. In some provinces the population seems to stabilize.


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Mechanical removal of plants. These are local measures by water boards and sometimes by nature managers like the State Forestry Service. The costs of all measures for (all) water plants in the Netherlands by water boards are roughly estimated at 4 million euro annually. These measures take place in the context of the regular management of watercourses.


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A general exemption for fishing invasive mittenkrab is regulated under the Nature protection Act. Fishing with commercial fishing gears (i.e. fykes) is exclusively for commercial fishermen (based on the Fisheries Law 1963). Next to a public license, a private permission from the owner of the water area or fishing rights is required, for example regional water management authorities.


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Local measures by municipalities, water boards or nature managers. A project has been subsidized in Gelderland to involve citizens in the local removal of plants. In Flevoland the province contributes financially in a project by nature managers.


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Mechanical or manual removal of plants. These are local measures by water boards and sometimes by naturemanagers like the State Forestry Service. The costs of all measures for (all) water plants in the Netherlands by water boards are roughly estimated at 4 million euro annually. The scale of other organizations taking additional measures is unknown.


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Local measures by municipalities, water boards or nature managers. A project has been subsidized in Gelderland to involve citizens in the local removal of plants.


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Algars river (Ebro basin) (municipality of Arnes). Measures carried out by the Natural Park dels Ports, DTES.


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Glorieta river (municipality of Alcover). The population of native crayfish and amphibians are declining. No effect on Procambarus clarkii population has been noticed.


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Monsant river. Native crayfish mortalities due to the crayfish plague. Measures carried out by the Natural Park Monsant.


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Measures carried out in the dels Senglars pond, Parc del Montnegre i el Corredor by the Barcelona Provincial Council.


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Riera de Merlès. Llobregat basin. The red crab preys on naiads and it can transmit the crayfish plague. Measures carried out mainly by the ADEFFA Association of Santa Maria de Merlès, Barcelona.


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Riera de Canet and Llèmena river. The population decreased up to 90% in the localities where the measures have been applied. Measures carried out in Estany de Banyoles and in the Natural Park of the Volcanic Zone of La Garrotxa.


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Initially, The capture methods consisted of box traps and, later, of dog-proof traps. These capture methods were combined with photo-trapping techniques and bait station, to delimit the areas most frequented by the animals before the installation of the traps. The change of the trapping method led to a significant increase in the effectiveness of eradication actions. Trap boxes = 0,9 specimens/100 night-traps; dog proof traps = 5,2 specimens/100 night-traps. In total, 39 (16 males, 3 juveniles; 23 females, 4 juveniles), were captured during the action (37 months). The works required 235 working days distributed in three annualities: 2014 (88 working days); 2015 (98 working days); 2016 (49 working days). The measures have been developed in the framework of the Natura 2000 Network in the LIC "Aitana, Serrella and Puigcampana" (ES5213019).


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The capture method applied was the duke dog proof trap.


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In Cádiz, subject to rapid eradication after early detection. In 2018, after some days of work, 1 specimen was captured with trap cages.


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The method of capture is the box trap. Between the years 2015 and 2018, two male specimens were captured.


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Service for the monitoring and early eradication of raccoon in areas of the Natura 2000 Network and areas of high nature value in the provinces of Lugo and A Coruña. Natura 2000 Network site where, at least partly, the measures have been carried out are listed here: ZECs “Parga-Ladra-Támoga” (ES1120003), “Fragas do Eume” (ES1110003), “Río Tambre” (ES1110016) and “Sistema Fluvial Ulla-Deza” (ES1140001).


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Service for the monitoring and early eradication of raccoon in the Natural Park Baixa Limia and Serra do Xurés and in the area of influence ZEC “Baixa Limia - Serra do Xurés" (ES0000376).


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A pilot project to eradicate the species has been carried out in El Peral stream, a tributary of the Alcollarín river. A product based on rotenone was applied ( 4 ppm of CFT Legumine 3.3% ® - 0,132 ppm of active rotenone). The population was eradicated in a section of the course but neither in the Alcollarín river nor in the Alcollarín reservoir.
Natura 2000 Network sites where, at least partly, the measure has been carried out are: ZEC "Río Guadiana Alto-Zújar" (ES4310026) and  ZEPA "Arrozales de Palazuelo y Guadalperales" (ES0000400).


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Control, monitoring and divulgation of the problem of the species in the area of a Natural Park.


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Park of the Area of Natural Interest of Gallecs. Control of the species in a specific locality within its distribution area. The specimens were removed from the water body where they were released previously by private owners. The species was eradicated in a specific locality within its distribution area.


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Control of the species driven by the Consorci del río Ter.


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All freshwater turtles found in the wild are removed. The CRFS (Centro de Recuperación de Fauna Silvestre, Wild Fauna Recovery Center ) informs the owners that they can not be released into the wild and the specimens delivered in this center are euthanized.


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During 2015 and 2016, authorizations have been granted for the capture of the species included in volunteer activities which aim is the monitoring of the Segura River. Seven specimens were captured and delivered to the Wildlife Recovery Center.


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- Valdeón, A.; A. Crespo-Diaz; A. Egaña-Callejo; A. Gosá (2010a) Update of the pond slider Trachemys scripta (Schoep, 1792) records in Navarre (Northern Spain), and presentation of the Aranzadi Turtle Trap for its population control. Aquatic invasions, 5(3): 297-302.
- Methodological protocol for control and management of Trachemys scripta Schoepff, 1792 and experimental application in LIC “Tramos Bajos del Aragón y del Arga”  (LIFE+ “Territorio Visón” - NAT/ES/00053).


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Trachemys scripta is widely distributed throughout the Valencian Community, it occupies all the humid coastal areas. Their populations are very abundant, so they compete with native freshwater turtle for resources. From 2003 to 2011, Trachemys scripts are captured outside the framework of a project.  For example, as a result of monitoring native freshwater turtles. However, in 2011 the LIFE TRACHEMYS get the project, developed by the Government of the Valencian Community. One of the aims of this project is to establish a strategy to eradicate the wild populations of invasive turtles. From this year, an important effort has been made and a high number of specimens have been captured as it appears in the following data. 
     - year 2010; working days: 283; number of captured specimens: 1.723; number of localities: 18
     - year 2011; working days: 1.684; number of captured specimens: 5.132; number of localities: 23
     - year 2012; working days: 1.572; number of captured specimens: 9.147; number of localities: 25
     - year 2013; working days: 1.556; number of captured specimens: 8.338; number of localities: 25
     - year 2014; working days: 714; number of captured specimens: 3.998; number of localities: 22
     - year 2015; working days: 285; number of captured specimens: 5.640; number of localities: 18
     - year 2016; working days: 320; number of captured specimens: 3.942; number of localities: 19
     - year 2017; working days: 255; number of captured specimens: 2.155; number of localities: 16


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Specimens captured are removed from the wild and specimens in captivity by private owners are recovered and toke in by the Government of La Rioja.


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Removal campaigns have been carried out in the ZECs: "Monte e lagoa de Louro" (ES1110012) and Gándaras de Budiño (ES1140011).
Likewise, in compliance with the provisions of the Spanish regulations on the management of invasive alien species, and as a control measure of the entry into the wild of specimens of this species, the Wildlife Recovery Centers remove and take in those specimens found in the wild or turned in by private owners.
In 2018, the reproduction of the species in the wild (ZEC Gándaras de Budiño) was verified.


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The actions are developed with turtle traps and floating turtle traps. At the moment they are not very effective.


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Llobregat river basin. It's necessary the control because this species displaces the native freshwater turtle Mauremys leprosa and the number of specimens of amphibians and native fish decreases where this species is present.


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Llobregat river basin. Besós river basin and urban parks. Barcelona. Unclear population trend. Actions in more than 35 control localities by Galanthus Association, by the Recovery Center for Amphibians and Reptiles of Catalonia and other organizations. In some localities, the population has been eradicated, in other localities are decreasing or the population trend is not clear.


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Riera de Merlés, Llobregat river basin and Aiguamolls de la Bòvila in Santpedor. Controls to support Mauremys leprosa.


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Ter river and Estany de Banyoles. Population decreasing (between 80 and 90%).


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The actions were carried out in different localities (Segre, Estany d'Ivars and Vila-Sana ...).


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There is a specific protocol for action in Catalonia. The methodology consists of specific traps and elimination of nests. The area of distribution of the species in Catalonia is increasing.  The influence of the control measures in the spread of the species is not determined.


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Control is done with traps for queens set at the early spring and hand removal of nests.


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Between 2015 and 2018, 1.596 Vespa velutina nests have been eliminated.


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Trapping of queens is subsidized by the municipalities. The active nests are removed and/or destroyed.


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Chemical traps with attractant liquid. Elimination of nests with biocides or by physical methods.


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1. Sofortmaßnahme: Abwarten des Winters,
ob Bestände Frost überstehen;
2. Sofortmaßnahme: Kartierung und Planung
der Bekämpfung des einzigen dokumentierten
Vorkommens in Bayern


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Das Vorkommen wurde erst am 01.11.2018 gemeldet, daher wurden zwar bereits Maßnahmen im Berichtszeitraum ergriffen,
erstrecken sich aber v.a. in die zukünftigen Jahre.


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In Galicia, the control strategy for this species is based on the provisions of the Monitoring and Control Protocol against the Asian Wasp (Vespa velutina) developed by the Department of Rural Areas of the Government of Galicia in coordination with the Department of Environment and Spatial Planning, Vice-presidency and Department of the Presidency, Public Administrations and Justice, Department of Health and FGAMP (Federación Galega de Municipios e Provincias, Galician Federation of Municipalities and Provinces).
The control actions taken are based on 3 fundamental measures:  Selective removal of queens in spring, early detection and nest removal and apiaries control. http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/Protocolo_vixilancia_e_control_vespa_velutina_Galicia_Rev_2016.pdf
http://mediorural.xunta.gal/fileadmin/arquivos/gandaria/apicultura/2018_protocolo_captura_rainas_vespa_velutina.pdf
Control actions have been carried out in the following areas of the Natura 2000 Network:
-	Illas Cíes “ES0000001”
-	Ortigueira-Mera “ES1110001”
-	Costa Ártabra “ES1110002”
-	Fragas do Eume “ES1110003”
-	Encoro de Abegondo – Cecebre “ES1110004”
-	Costa da Morte “ES1110005”
-	Complexo húmido de Corrubedo “ES1110006”
-	Betanzos – Mandeo “ES1110007”
-	Carnota - Monte Pindo “ES1110008”
-	Costa de Dexo “ES1110009”
-	Estaca de Bares “ES1110010”
-	Esteiro do Tambre “ES1110011”
-	Monte e lagoa de Louro “ES1110012”
-	Xubia – Castro “ES1110013”
-	Serra do Careón “ES1110014”
-	Río Anllóns “ES1110015”
-	Río Tambre “ES1110016”
-	Ancares – Courel “ES1120001”
-	Río Eo “ES1120002”
-	Parga - Ladra – Támoga “ES1120003”
-	A Marronda “ES1120004”
-	As Catedrais “ES1120005”
-	Carballido “ES1120006”
-	Cruzul – Agüeira “ES1120007”
-	Monte Faro “ES1120008”
-	Monte Maior “ES1120009”
-	Ría de Foz – Masma “ES1120011”
-	Río Landro “ES1120012”
-	Río Ouro “ES1120013
-	Canón do Sil “ES1120014”
-	Serra do Xistral “ES1120015”
-	Costa da Mariña occidental “ES1120017”
-	Baixa Limia “ES1130001”
-	Pena Veidosa “ES1130004”
-	Río Támega “ES1130005”
-	Sistema fluvial Ulla – Deza “ES1140001”
-	Río Lérez “ES1140002”
-	A Ramallosa “ES1140003”
-	Complexo Ons - O Grove “ES1140004”
-	Monte Aloia “ES1140005”
-	Río Tea “ES1140006”
-	Baixo Miño “ES1140007”
-	Cabo Udra “ES1140009”
-	Costa da Vela “ES1140010”
-	Gándaras de Budiño “ES1140011”
-	Illas Estelas “ES1140012”
-	Serra do Candán “ES1140013”
-	Serra do Cando “ES1140014”
-	Sobreirais do Arnego “ES1140015”
-	Enseada de San Simón “ES1140016”


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In Bizkaia, control program with application of an action protocol, with the collaboration of the Natural Heritage Service of the Bizkaia Provincial Council, firefighters, the public company Basalan and municipalities of Bizkaia.


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Actions developed by the forest officers of the Government of Navarra when the species is detected.


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Pflanzen / Pflanzenteile wurden alle ausgegraben und entsorgt.


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Manageent Body of Vercelli and Alessandria Po River


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Within the LIFE Projects: EC SQUARE (following activities) and GESTIRE2020


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Degano creek, tributary of Tagliamento River (Udine)


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Management Body of protected areas of Monviso Mountain.


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Management body of Protected areas of Ticino and Maggiore Lake


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Management body of "Riserve pedemontane e terre d'acqua" (NO).


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SIC IT 5310015 - Tavernelle sul Metauro (PU)


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Regional Park of Vercelli and Alessandria Po


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LIFE EC-SQUARE and after LIFE activities.


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LIFE EC-SQUARE and after LIFE activities; LIFE GESTIRE2020


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LIFE EC-SQUARE and after LIFE activities


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LIFE U-SAVEREDS and After LIFE Activities (2019-2023)


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LIFE SilFFE (TV).
Here eradication means translocation to a detention center.


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Rubano Cave (PD)
Here eradication means translocation to a detention center.


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Canzian d'Isonzo (GO).
Here eradication means translocation to a detention center.


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Here eradication means translocation to a detention center.


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Magra River (SP)
LIFE Project EMYS (LIFE12 NAT/IT/000395)


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Here eradication means traslocation in a detention center


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Albenga (SV)
LIFE EMYS  (LIFE12 NAT/IT/000000395)


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Die Art ist während des Berichtszeitraums als Einzelfund aufgetreten. Sie wurde nicht aktiv durch Maßnahmen beseitigt, dennoch ist ihr Vorkommen mittlerweile offenbar erloschen. Als Grund hierfür werden Temperaturen außerhalb des physiologischen Toleranzbereichs während des Winters angenommen.


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MV	 Die Aufwand-Nutzen-Relation ist so ungünstig, dass der Beseitigung/Eindämmung der Art keine Priorität zugeordnet werden kann.
SH	Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch die Wollhandkrabbe informiert. Die Wollhandkrabbe ist in Schleswig-Holstein bereits sehr weit verbreitet und breitet sich weitgehend ohne Hilfe des Menschen entlang der Fließgewässer aus. Da ein Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern kaum Aussicht auf Erfolg hat, liegt der Fokus bei dieser Art auf der Verhinderung der Besiedlung noch nicht besiedelter Gewässer und dem Schutz von Populationen des einheimischen Edelkrebses. Im Berichtszeitraum konnten keine Gebiete identifiziert werden, in denen eine Besiedlung sensibler Gebiete mit geeigneten Maßnahmen hätte verhindert werden können.
SN: Maßnahmen, die auf das Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern abzielen, sind nicht sehr erfolgversprechend.


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Die Durchführung von Managementmaßnahmen in der kontinentalen Region wird noch hinsichtlich Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis geprüft


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NI: Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen.


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Die Individuen wurden durch Ausgraben entnommen. Die (mittel- bis langfristige) Wirksamkeit der Maßnahme kann erst im Folgejahr abgeschätzt werden.


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Maßnahme noch nicht abgeschlossen, Wirksamkeit daher noch nicht überprüfbar.


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SN: 
Beendigung der Förderung der Nutria durch gezielte Fütterung, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit (Infoblatt), Information an Tierparks
MV:
Ab 2018 ist Jagd in M-V zugelassen, daher keine Ausnahmen mehr erforderlich. Da Jagd keine Managementmaßnahme darstellt, hier keine Berücksichtigung.	
SH: 
Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch die Nutria informiert. Durch die weite Verbreitung der Art, ist eine Priorisierung (Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse) vorzunehmen bevor Maßnahmen ergriffen werden. Prioritäre Maßnahmen beim Nutria wären die Unterbindung der Ausbreitung auf nicht besiedelte Inseln und der aktive Schutz gefährdeter Ökosysteme. Es wurden bisher keine prioritären Maßnahmen identifiziert.	
TH: Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Nutriahalter). Beseitigung von Nutrias


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Einzäunung einer Emys orbicularis Population und Beseitigung Waschbär aus Einzäunungsbereich


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MV: Die Art wurde erstmalig im November 2018 im Bundesland Mecklenburg-Vorpommern an einem Standort entdeckt (Teich). Beseitigungsmaßnahmen werden aktuell vorbereitet.
NW: An kleinem Stillgewässer erfolgreich beseitigt (zur Zeit noch Nachkontrollen), an Fließgewässern nicht mit vertretbarem Aufwand zu bekämpfen, im Kreis Kleve wurden Maßnahmen im Jahr 2015 erfolglos eingestellt,  bis jetzt keine Maßnahmen in der kontinentalen Region.


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NRW Lokales Absammeln/Fang zum Schutz autochtoner Edelkrebsbestände in der kontinentalen Region
BB	Art wird fischereilich nicht genutzt. Managementmaßnahmen nur mit unverhältnismäßigem Aufwand durchführbar.
BE	Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
MV	Die Aufwand-Nutzen-Relation ist so ungünstig, dass der Beseitigung/Eindämmung der Art keine Priorität zugeordnet werden kann.
NI	Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen. 
SH	Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch den Kamberkrebs informiert. Der Kamberkrebs ist in Schleswig-Holstein bereits weit verbreitet. Da ein Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern kaum Aussicht auf Erfolg hat, liegt der Fokus bei dieser Art auf der Verhinderung der Besiedlung noch nicht besiedelter Gewässer und dem Schutz von Populationen des einheimischen Edelkrebses. Im Berichtszeitraum konnten keine Gebiete identifiziert werden, in denen eine Besiedlung sensibler Gebiete mit geeigneten Maßnahmen hätte verhindert werden können.
SN   	Maßnahmen, die auf das Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern abzielen, sind nicht sehr erfolgversprechend.
TH	Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Angelverbände  zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art), Reusenbefischungen, Aufnahme von Auflagen in Fischerei-Hegepläne zur Beseitigung von invasiven Krebsarten in Freilandgewässern


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BB	Art wird fischereilich nicht genutzt. Managementmaßnahmen nur mit unverhältnismäßigem Aufwand durchführbar.
MV	 Die Aufwand-Nutzen-Relation ist so ungünstig, dass der Beseitigung/Eindämmung der Art keine Priorität zugeordnet werden kann. Entscheidend sind auch die Kollateralschäden, die Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen mit unklarem Ergebnis hervorrufen könnten
NI	Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen. 
SH	Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch den Signalkrebs informiert. Der Signalkrebs tritt in Schleswig-Holstein vereinzelt in Gewässern auf. Da ein Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern kaum Aussicht auf Erfolg hat, liegt der Fokus bei dieser Art auf der Verhinderung der Besiedlung noch nicht besiedelter Gewässer und dem Schutz von Populationen des einheimischen Edelkrebses. Im Berichtszeitraum konnten keine Gebiete identifiziert werden, in denen eine Besiedlung sensibler Gebiete mit geeigneten Maßnahmen hätte verhindert werden können.
SN	Maßnahmen, die auf das Zurückdrängen aus bereits besiedelten Gewässern abzielen, sind nicht sehr erfolgversprechend.
TH	Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Angelverbände  zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art), Reusenbefischungen, Aufnahme von Auflagen in Fischerei-Hegepläne zur Beseitigung von invasiven Krebsarten in Freilandgewässern


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BB: Art wird fischereilich nicht genutzt. Managementmaßnahmen nur mit unverhältnismäßigem Aufwand durchführbar.	
BE: Öffentlichkeitsarbeit	
NI: Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen. 	
NW: Entnahme punktuell in Stillgewässern der atlantischen Region zum Schutz der Wechselkröte, hier rückläufige Population des Roten Amerikanischen Sumpfkrebses. 	
TH: Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Angelverbände  zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art), Reusenbefischungen, Aufnahme von Auflagen in Fischerei-Hegepläne zur Beseitigung von invasiven Krebsarten in Freilandgewässern


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NI: Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen. 	
TH: Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Angelverbände  zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art), Reusenbefischungen, Aufnahme von Auflagen in Fischerei-Hegepläne zur Beseitigung von invasiven Krebsarten in Freilandgewässern


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Massive Entnahme aus Vogelschutzgebiet Lewitz zum Brutzeitraum (Eignung nachgewiesen)


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The animals are euthanised by a veterinary


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-Surveillance on the field with cameras (no observation). 
-Active communication to local hunters (hunting council) for shooting individuals. 
-Muntjac are present in several private woods without access authorization
-Management ongoing, no end date specified


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-Surveillance on the field with cameras (no observation). 
-Active communication to local hunters (hunting council) for shooting individuals. 
-Muntjac are present in several private woods without access authorization
-Management ongoing, no end date specified yet


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The species has been subject to (limited) culling efforts before its entry into force. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. Government efforts so far focused mainly on the enforcement of restrictions on illegaly owned muntiac (with over 100 such specimens detected as of March 2019).


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-In the Semois (side river Meuse): 54 individuals captured in traps in 2017. 
-In the Sambre (side river Meuse): 30 individuals were shot in 2016; 41 were shot and/or captured in 2017. 
Nevertheless we see a large progression of the species in the bassins of the Sambre, the Viroin and the Semois-chiers. The management was done with traps (lethal) and shooting. Management was stopped because the neccesary permits were not delivered (authorisation for bearing of arms for the agents in charge of the management, as well as an absence of a ministerial accord to use lethal traps).


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The species has been subject to control efforts even before 2014. A government-led, territory-wide control programme on musk rat and coypu is operational.


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Test at two pilot sites. Management consisted of pulling the plants from the soil. 
The test is still ongoing, no date has been put forward.


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Various populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.
No end date has been specified.


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-Pilot site where pulling of the plant was tested. There was a large expansion seen after management. Another management method has to be found.
-Management of the population is still ongoing, no end date specified yet.


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-No end-date specified yet
-Some populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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-The management already started in 1997, well before the entry into force of the Regulation.
-Lethal traps and poisoned feed is used. 
-About 29 000 individuals were captured in the traps in the period of 2016-2018.  
-Lack of measures in the field to have a real impact on the populations.


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-No end-date of management in sight.
-The species has been subject to control efforts well before its entry into force. A government-led, territory-wide control programme on musk rat and coypu is operational.


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ST: Zum Schutz der Brut in Greifvogelhorsten wurden Überkletterschutzmanschetten an entsprechenden Horstbäumen angebracht. Außerdem wurden Einzäunungen zum Schutz von Bodenbrütern vorgenommen. In beiden Fällen handelt es sich um mechanische Verfahren, Auswirkungen auf Nicht-Zielarten wurden nicht festgestellt.
SH	Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch den Waschbären informiert. Durch die weite Verbreitung der Art, ist eine Priorisierung (Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse) vorzunehmen bevor Maßnahmen ergriffen werden. Prioritäre Maßnahmen beim Waschbären wären die Unterbindung der Ausbreitung auf nicht besiedelte Inseln und der aktive Schutz in ihrer Population gefährdeter Beutetierarten. Es wurden bisher keine prioritären Maßnahmen identifiziert.	
TH: Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Aufklärung der Bevölkerung; Sensibilisierung der  Jägerschaft zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art). Verleih von Lebendfallen an Privatpersonen, Fang und Tötung von Exemplaren durch Jagdausübungsberechtigte, Schutzmaßnahmen für durch den Waschbär bedrohte Arten, Sterilisation eines Tieres in Privatbesitz.
MV: Wirkungen der Maßnahmen nur temporär und kleinräumig möglich.


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Verbot der Freilassung gepflegter Jungtiere


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BB	Art wird fischereilich nicht genutzt. Art und Umfang der Bekämpfung werden derzeit geprüft.
BE Öffentlichkeitsarbeit
MV	Keine Maßnahmen für Fließgewässer bekannt, die ein günstiges Verhältnis zwischen Aufwand/Nutzen und Kollateralschäden besitzen. Daher Verzicht auf Maßnahmen.
NI	Eine Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse und eine Priorisierung von Maßnahmen ist bisher noch nicht abschließend durchgeführt worden, daher wird mit einer Umsetzung von Maßnahmen ggf. zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt begonnen. 
NW	Keine gravierenden Konflikte mit heimischen Arten
SH	Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch den Blaubandbärbling informiert. Bisher konnten keine zielführenden Managementmaßnahmen gegen Freilandvorkommen dieser Art geplant werden. Vorrang bei dieser Art hat die Unterbindung der Ausbreitung durch den Menschen, vor allem im Zuge des unabsichtlichen Verbringens bei Besatzmaßnahmen anderer Fischarten.
TH	Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Sensibilisierung der Angelverbände  zur Verminderung der direkten und indirekten anthropogenen Förderung der Art). Elektrobefischung. Einsatz natürlicher Prädatoren.


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Information der Öffentlichkeit sowie Information/Schulung von Multiplikatoren.


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SN: Zulassung der Weitergabe von in menschlicher Obhut befindlichen Tieren und dadurch Verhinderung von Freisetzung.
TH: Öffentlichkeits-/Aufklärungsarbeit (Information der privaten Halter zur Verhinderung von Fortpflanzung und Freisetzung in die Natur) und Aufnahme von Fundtieren/herrenlosen Tieren und Weitervermittlung an neue zuverlässige Tierhalter
BB: Ökologische Auswirkungen und Bekämpfungsmöglichkeiten werden derzeit geprüft.	
SH: Die Öffentlichkeit wurde über verschiedene Medien über die potentielle Gefährdung der heimischen Artenvielfalt durch die Buchstaben-Schmuck¬schildkröte informiert. Eine Ent¬nahme von Tieren aus dem Freiland wurde in Schleswig-Holstein in keinem Gebiet als prioritär (Kosten-Nutzen-Abwägung) eingestuft, da in den bekannten Vorkommens¬gebieten der Art eine interspezifische Konkurrenz insbesondere zur Europäischen Sumpfschildkröte (in SH nicht vorkommend) nicht zu befürchten ist. Vorkommen in Gewässern in denen eine starke Prädation von Amphibienlarven auftritt, sind nicht bekannt. Weiter¬hin ist davon auszugehen, dass unter den jetzigen klimatischen Be¬dingungen in SH eine Fortpflanzung der Art aus¬geschlossen ist.


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Kontrolė vykdoma medžiojant ondatras ištisus metus neribojant jų skaičiaus leistinais būdais pagal teisės aktus.


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Following initial eradication action taken during summer 2018, a number of specimens of Eicchornia crassipes were recorded again during winter-spring 2018/2019. Repeat mechanical removal has been carried out in summer 2019. Further action will be taken, if necessary, to ensure complete eradication of the species in the current single location where it is found.


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Control and eradication measures are ongoing however, noting the spread and nature of the species in question the end date of the measures could not be determined. 

Most of the smaller populations recorded on the island of Gozo were successfully eradicated during 2018; the areas are being monitored. Malta is keeping note of the populations being reported (even through citizen science processes) for relevant action to be taken accordingly.

To date, the measures entailed mechanical/physical removal and hence non-targeted species were not impacted. Furthermore, several populations occur in urban areas (pavements, roadsides, walls etc.)


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Control and eradication measures are ongoing however, noting the spread and nature of the species in question the end date of the measures could not be determined. Indeed, while action has been taken for selected populations to be controlled, some re-establishment was noted (due to seed bank in soil, growth from rhizomes which were difficult to remove completely); monitoring is being considered for follow-up action in this regard.

Malta is keeping note of the populations being reported (even through citizen science processes), for relevant action to be taken accordingly. A number of additional actions are planned for the coming months.

To date, the measures entailed mechanical/physical removal and hence non-targeted species were not impacted. Furthermore, several populations are in urban areas (pavements, roadsides, walls etc.) or close to habitats of low ecological value.

A single population was used as a trial for the application of a herbicide (Quizalofop). For the continued management of the crimson fountaingrass, integrated control (combination of adequate plant protection products and mechanical control) is being considered. The use of plant protection products nonetheless, shall be carefully assessed and due caution taken to ensure the safety of non-targeted species including native plants and pollinating insects as well, as non-living environmental elements (e.g. surface waters and soil).


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Actions implemented by EDIA, in the period between 2012 and 2018 (1st semester), in the amount of €255 161.00 (these costs do not include any material of lesser value, as well as the repair of equipment.
In 2017, the ACECA project (Actions for the control and elimination of the water hyacinth in the cross-border section of the Guadiana river. Main beneficiary: Guadiana Hydrographic Confederation. Partners: Junta of Extremadura, EDIA and APA/ARH-Alentejo) was approved, which allowed EDIA to acquire more means to support the control of the species. projeto ACECA (https://www.interregeurope.eu/invalis/news/news-article/6899/invalis-project-in-the-aceca-conference/)
In 2017 a short film was made about the process of collecting the species (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkcD1-4t0F8)
International course on Aquatic Invasive Alien Species on the Guadiana River, prepared in collaboration between EDIA and Beja Polytechnic Institute, which took place in 2018 and included higher education students from 6 countries.


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Eradication of the species in a channel that lies obliquely to the main course of the river. Manual removal of the plants using hand tools and removal of the uprooted plants using machinery from the margin. A barrier was set to avoid fragments to be washed into the river. Plants were placed in plastic containers to dry and then destroyed. 
Some of the native vegetation may also have been uprooted by mistake or due to the proximity of roots from Lagarosiphon.
Fragments escaped the intervention area and the species reestablished in downriver areas


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Impacts due to the use of entomological traps to capture/kill Asian hornets particularly around apiaries and during the period when the queen hornets leave hibernation.
Nest destruction is essentially dine by incineration (no impacts on other species) or by chemical methods. In this case, if some chemically treated nests remain in the environment, negative effects may happen.


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Digging is considered the most effective method with no impacts on native species if done correctly. This also the most costly and labour intensive method.
Digging is the preferred method in areas where chemical control is not possible (close to waterways, in eco-farms) and also in sparse colonies to remove the last plants.


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Glyphosate is considered the most cost-effective measure and is mostly done in large and dense colonies.


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Colonies are targeted by hand pulling of plants.


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There was a crayfish monitoring program in 2018 in Hungary which concerned all native and non-native crayfish in the country. Unfortunately this species is widespread in Hungary and it is almost impossible to halt the growing of it's population. The only manner is if fishers do not allow back the catched individuals to the water.


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Perccottus glenii is a widespread alien invasive species in Hungary, which occures in smaller and bigger rivers and lakes. It is considered to be an invader which has strong populations in Hungary. The experts of national park directorates are tring to reduce their populations with fishing and trapping In some important habitats of Umbra krameri and in nature conservation areas. Usually they use electric fishing machines. Unfortunately outside of nature conservation areas the species is spreading continuously.


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- No impact on other species, selective manual method
- Management ongoing and no end date has been set


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-Numerous populations have been subject to eradication efforts, by different authorities and practitioners. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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Asclepias syriaca is a widespread alien invasive species in Hungary, which occurs in almost all types of open habitats. It is considered to be an invader which spread very quickly in degraded habitats. It is difficult to control, its spread is continuous in the last decades. In the frame of LIFE and other nature conservation projects, the experts of national park directorates are trying to reduce their populations in nature conservation areas. The only effective method is mowing three times combined with chemical and mechanical (i.e. grazing) treatment two times. It is essential to continue these treatments otherwise the species appears again. Unfortunately outside of nature conservation areas the species is spreading continuously.


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Impatiens glandulifera is a widespread alien invasive species in Hungary, which occures particularly along rivers, creeks and cannals. It is considered to be an invader which has strong populations in Hungary locally. It is difficult to control because it occurs in hardly accessible areas. Mechanical treatment could be effective however this activity should be carried out in May, before flowering. It is essential to continue these treatments otherwise the species appears again.


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The first reproduction of Coypu was in 2017 in Hungary, along the river Ipoly (Danube River Basin). After the first observation, collection process was started to clear up the situation of the species in the area and also in the country. It turned out from the available observations that the species is more numerous than it was known before. It is cleared there is a continuous spreading from the neighboring countries, Austria and Slovakia. For this reason, any action for elimination of this species is extremely difficult. Nevertheless, reproduction event has not been proven in any other occurrence. Locality of occurrences has also been refined. On the other hand, according to the casual observations along rivers, lakes, etc. we assume that the species is breeding in Hungary regularly, especially along the Danube river and its offsets. We have a monitoring program since 2017 and we have drawn all national government authorities attention to take action to reduce the coypu's population. Hunting is one of the most important tool, therefore the national government authorities have contacted the local hunting societies to hunt the species. An other method is trapping, what we will also use, although it is more difficult.


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The species has been present since the 1910s in Hungary. It is found in wetlands (rivers, lakes, artificial ponds, etc.). Because of its lifestyle (usually active at night or near dawn and dusk, etc.) there are few observations however it seems that the whole population is decreasing. The reasons are unknown. As a huntable species, in every year many individuals were killed by hunters (2015-2016: 33, 2016-2017: 74, 2017-2018: 38 individuals).


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Pseudorasbora parva is a widespread alien invasive species in Hungary, which occures in smaller and bigger rivers and lakes. It is considered to be an invader which has strong populations in Hungary. The experts of national park directorates are tring to reduce their populations with fishing and trapping In some important habitats of Umbra krameri and in nature conservation areas. Usually they use electric fishing machines. Unfortunately outside of nature conservation areas the species is spreading continuously. From legal aspects, it is strictly forbidden to use the non-native fish species (including invasive species) as a bait.


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- Management ongoing with undetermined end-date 
- Selective shooting of birds ensures there is no negative impact on non-target species


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- Management ongoing with undetermined end date
- Management through egg control ensures there is no negative impact on other species


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-The species has been subject to culling efforts well before the entry into force of the Regulation. These (uncoordinated) efforts were undertaken primarily by hunters. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. 
- Summer counts indicate a relatively stable population since 2013, but the period is too short to clearly state this.


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-Some pilot sites are being managed in Etalle
-The species is being pulled out of the ground in the spring, and the process is repeated in august
-No specified end date


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Coastal populations of this species have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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-The largest known population has been subject to eradication efforts (currently under aftercare). No other thriving populations are known, but plant fragments have been found in watercourses (with unknown source). Therefore, the trend is unclear.


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Three sites are managed as a pilot, but it seems treatments are of low efficiency


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Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying control of the species. Measures are taken mostly by local authorities and practitioners, at specific locations where significant ecological damage or socio-economic nuisance is reported.


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- Management in Wallonia in place since 2011. Large populations ( larger than 100 individuals) were managed by the Service public Wallonne via public tenders, small population were managed by local managers (community, province, river basin contracts). A total of 3863 populations have been discovered since 2012. 22% of these are considered to be eradicated (of which 13 large populations). In 2017, 1222 actions have been realised (102 large populations) and 1359 in 2018  (118 large populations).
- No impact on other species, selective method
- Management ongoing and no end date has been set


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-In the continental bioregion, 6 sites are under management for the second year, and one site for the first year. Populations are clearly decreasing but eradication has not been accomplished. A minimum of three years of management or even more will be needed. 
-All the known populations of the CON bioregion are being managed except Gedinne (CRHM, no authorisation to acces the site).


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- Local action by river basin contracts, natural parcs, provinces or Département Nature et Forêt (DNF) in nature reserves.


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The species has been subject to widespread control efforts well before its inclusion on the Union list (even before 2014). Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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- Management per water basins within Wallonia initiated well before list adoption, but management is more active in some basins than others, depending on the motivation of the river protection associations and their potential to take action (funds, time, acces to private land, ...).
- Local decrease of some populations thanks to the coordinated management by river protection association (e.g. Haute Meuse and de Dijle). In rivers with wide floodplain (e.g. Ourthe), results are less convincing. 
- No end date of management is already fixed.


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-Management already before the entry into force. No end date has been put forward.


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Numerous populations have been subject to eradication efforts, by different authorities and practitioners. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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-4 pilote sites have been managed in 2017 and 2018 by pulling the plants out. New populations  have been discovered in 2017 and 2018. Not all populations are managed (e.g. Floreffe) because it is technically very complex to pull out the plants on those sites. The results of the management that is put in place is not very effective (because the roots are very hard to reach). Other management techniques will be tested in the future like water drawdown and jute matting. 
-No end date has been specified


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-Various populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.
-No end date for the management has been specified


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Only one population known in Wallonia which has been under management since several years with electric fishing and shooting (start of the action), but mostly by live capture with the aid of traps for adults and larval stages. 
2016 : 23 adults, 87 larval, 10 traps
2017 : 68 adults, 701 larval, 22 traps
2018 : 1 adult male, 4 juveniles, 1244 larval, 42 traps


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-Management started before 2014, no end date specified yet
-The species has been subject to control efforts before its entry into force. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. The current objective is to contain the population within the valley of the Grote Nete. Priority is therefore given to downstream and upstream control, together with a rapid response on far-away populations. In addition to standard control using fyke nets for larvae, airgun shooting of adults is gradually gaining importance.


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- End date for management has not been specified yet.
- 7 out of 8 population are managed in the Continental zone. 1 population is not managed because the permit has not yet been delivered. The effect of the measures in place still has to be checked on the long term because the extraction of the roots is complicated and has a big impact on the results. 
The species is not managed in the Atlantic bioregion because of limited resources and the extent of the population making eradication (as in the Continental bioregion) very difficult.


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Various populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control.


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-Various populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. No end date has been specified.


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11 populations were managed in 2017. The management of the largest population has been taken into 2018 (Communne de Rendeux). Multiple populations have been eradicated by the management actions in 2017. However, a yearly control visit should be realised for multiple subsequent years to be sure. Not all known populations have been managed due to a prohibition of private owners to enter their land.


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Some populations have been subject to eradication efforts. Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. No end date has been specified for the management.


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Active surveillance on the field with cameras. Population estimated at least five individuals (two males et 3 females), probably 7. Identificaiton of actif period of animals (mainly night) and localisation of activity.  Trapping test with boar cages was not concluant. Test of lookout during the day was not concluant. Test of lookout during the night : animal was seen and 3 indivuals (2 males) have been shot without suitable material for night shooting. Afterwards, night shooting was not autorizathed by minister.


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The species has been subject to control efforts well before its entry into force. Since 2011, a response protocol is operational to (try to) cull every observed specimen (shooting). From its entry into force (3/8/'16) to date, 22 birds have been culled in this manner. The population is maintained at (very) low levels.


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-At sites where protected species are present that are potentially impacted by the raccoon (freshwater bivalves, amphibians, reptiles, ground nesting birds), life traps are placed (life traps, so no impact on other species). There are insufficient measures on the terrain to slow down the progression of the species. 
-As there are only very casual observations of the species in the Atlantic bioregion, all available means go to population control in the Continental bioregion.


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Government-led attempts to capture raccoons have been undertaken since its entry into force, but these have been met with limited success so far. Given the current populations in south and east of Flanders, it will be very difficult to avert the species from gaining further foothold.
Management ongoing: no specified end date


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A government-led response protocol is operational to (try to) cull every observed specimen. From its entry into force (3/8/'16) to date, 2 birds have been culled in this manner. Sightings of the species are very rare, and probably represent newly escaped specimens.


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- No end date is specified
- Test at pilote sites: 50 individuals were captured with live traps and then killed with a bolt gun in 2016, 4 in 2017 and 59 in 2018. 
- Priority sites need to be identified


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- No end date specified
- The animals are caught by live traps and then euthanised by a vet.


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- No enddate specified
- Since its entry into force, initiatives on legislation and communication have been taken with the aim of intensifying its control. Measures are taken mostly by local authorities and practitioners. These concern feral populations that become re-stocked by illegal dumping of pet turtles, with no signs of natural reproduction so far.


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- Potential impact of the insecticide on non-target insect species. However, this impact is undocumented and considered as low since the insecticide was used at the end of the season. 
- Detection and neutralisation of a nest 2016 december. Late (and thus partial) destruction.  
- In 2017, neutralisation of 4 nests after an attack on beehives of which 3 were in the proximity of the nests of 2016.


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Pas d'autorisations ni de contrôles d'établissements, du fait de la mise en place de la réglementation nationale en 2018, et d'un démarrage effectif en 2019


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La gestion de l'ouette d'Egypte se réalise département par département jusqu'à aujourd'hui en autorisant en général les professionnels comme les agents de l'ONCFS à prélever les oiseaux toute l'année et les chasseurs sur la saison de chasse des oies. Ces derniers sont associés uniquement dans les départements où l'espèce est "abondante", c'est à dire l'est et le nord de la France. Ailleurs, il est recherché un prélèvement des individus observés à l'unité. Les effets de cette gestion ne semblent pas réduire notoirement l'expansion de l'espèce, celle-ci étant également présente dans des sites où la destruction par tir ne peut avoir lieu (zones urbaines). Sa présence en captivité avant la mise en place de la nouvelle réglementaiton est également un facteur de dissémination de l'espèce.


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- Potential impact of the insecticide on non-target insect species. However, this impact is undocumented and considered as low since the insecticide was used at the end of the season. 
- After an attack on a beehive, a nest was found and neutralised


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The very first sightings of V. velutina in the Flemish Region (in 2017) have been notified for rapid response under Articles 16 and 17 (cases Belgium#2 and Belgium#3). Each of the observed nests from these cases has been destroyed. Nonetheless, the species has shown a sharp increase in numbers and distribution since. As of 2018, the species is therefore regarded as a widespread species (under Article 19).


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- No end date has been specified
- 22 nest were destroyed in 2018. Not all nests were found and attacks in apiaries did not stop.
- Techniques:  Insecticide for the nest and traps to capture spring queens before they nest


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From 10/05/2018 (the 1st observation of that year) to 19/10/2018, the total number of validated records of hornet specimens counted 101. All five provinces of Flanders have become affected, with overall spread appearing to be eastwards. In 23 occasions, a nest has been localized, in all cases of which it has been successfully destroyed.
-No end date of the management has been foreseen


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Mechanical removal of plants. These are local measures by water boards and sometimes by municipalities.The costs of all measures for (all) water plants by water boards in the Netherlands are roughly estimated at 4 million euro annually. These measures take place in the context of the regular management of watercourses.


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The species is eradicated but there is threat of influx from Belgium. In Limburg the remnants of a former popultation around Baarlo were eradicated in 2015 by draining ponds and catching. In Noord-Brabant an early warning system is established by using eDNA (INVEXO project).


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Duration of application of eradication - until complete eradication


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Mechanical or manual removal of plants. These are local measures by water boards and sometimes by nature managers and municipalities. The costs of all measures for (all) water plants by water boards in the Netherlands are roughly estimated at 4 million euro annually. These measures take place in the context of the regular management of watercourses. In Limburg the Department of Public Works (Rijkswaterstaat) and a nature manager (Natuurmonumenten) have started a pilot with measures.


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Draining and mechanical removal in two locations (Tiengemeten and Valkenburg) in Zuid-Holland. Effects must be studied in 2019. Earlier actions in Tiengemeten were unsuccesfull and had to be repeated in 2018.


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Plants were removed on a number of sites. In Gelderland an inventory of sites is made in order to start an eradication program.


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Designation of wildlife management units to shoot animals in some provinces. Cameratraps are placed, but no animal was sighted.


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Coypu has been eradicated since 2013. From 2013, it is about controlling the influx of Coypu from Germany in particular. There is no breeding population in The Netherlands.


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Mechanical removal of plants. These are local measures by water boards. The costs of all measures for (all) waterplants by water boards in the Netherlands are roughly estimated at 4 million euro annually. These measures take place in the context of the regular management of watercourses.


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Occasionally other animals are caught in the muskrat traps, such as otters, rats and crayfish. In 2019 the impact of the muskrat on biodiversity has been published: https://muskusrattenbestrijding.nl/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Invloed-van-muskusratten-op-biodiversiteit-2019.pdf


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A general exemption for fishing invasive cray fish species is regulated under the Nature protection Act. Fishing with commercial fishing gears (i.e. fykes) is exclusively for commercial fishermen (based on the Fisheries Law 1963). Next to a public license, a private permission from the owner of the water area or fishing rights is required, for example regional water management authorities. In some areas of water management authorities (in the provinces of Noord-Brabant, Noord-Holland and Utrecht) research and elimination projects are being carried out, amongst others subsidized by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF).


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Contaminant nursery material. In a shipment of bonsai two plants were found during an inspection. The plants have been removed and destroyed.


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Dutch Customs Officers based at Schiphol Airport intercepted a shipment which contained 80 living specimens.


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Escaped animals were caught by owner and held in captivity again.


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In 2017 and 2018 three nests were located in the provinces Zeeland and Zuid-Holland. These nests were succesfully eradicated (nest destroyed and wasps gassed). Sometimes a drone was used to locate the nests. One abandoned nest was discovered in the autumn of 2018. Probability that more nests were missed and therefore expected progress of this species and increase of number of sightings in 2019. Also because of steady influx from Belgium. Species can not be stopped. No alternative measures are available at the moment.


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Management measures are taken on the property of the Municipality of Ljubljana and in Landscape Park Goričko. In the Landscape Park Goričko 2 specimens were removed in 2017 and actions on rising public awareness are regular (Facebook, articles in local media and in the internet (http://www.park-goricko.org/sl/informacije.asp?id_informacija=6168&id_jezik=0&id_tip1=1&id_tip2=9&id_tip3=2).  Measures are still ongoing with undetermined end date. The population trend is slightly decreasing.


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The species has been eradicated on 16 locations, on 7 locations measures are still ongoing with undetermined end date. Further monitoring is necessary and will be provided.
https://www.tujerodne-vrste.info/2019/03/01/stroski-obvladovanja-orjaskega-dezena/ , http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/Orjaski_dezen_2018.pdf, http://www.mop.gov.si/fileadmin/mop.gov.si/pageuploads/podrocja/invazivke/orjaski_dezen_kratko_porocilo_2017.pdf


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Management took place in two locations in Triglav National Park in 2018. Further actions in additional locations in Triglav National park are planed in 2019. An inventory of the species was made in 2018 in Landscape Park Ljubljansko Barje (http://www.ljubljanskobarje.si/uploads/datoteke/Popis%20%C5%BElezave%20nedotike%20in%20velikega%20pajesna%20-%20kon%C4%8Dno%20poro%C4%8Dilo.pdf). Management took place also in Landscape Park Goričko in 2018 on the area of 2,4 ha.


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Management of coypu is integrated in regular wildlife management in Slovenia. In current long-term wildlife management plans (2011-2020; thus starting and end date in the Measure(s) section) total reduction of the species is foreseen as a primary management goal. Hunting is allowed all year round without any limitations regarding hunting quotas. Use of traps is also legally alowed for this species. In the reporting period (2015-2018) 1541 animals were culled in Slovenia.


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Management of muskart is integrated in regular wildlife management in Slovenia. In current long-term wildlife management plans (2011-2020; thus starting and end date in the Measure(s) section) prevention of spatial spread and population reduction is foreseen as a primary management goal for muskart. Hunting is allowed all year round without any limitations regarding hunting quotas. Use of traps is also legally alowed for this species.  In the reporting period (2015-2018) 114 animals were culled in Slovenia.
Population decrease is most likely not only due to population control measures, but also a consequence of unknow disease or other unknown reasons.


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In Slovenia, freshwater indigenous species of crayfish are considered as fishing resources and are consequently a subject of fisheries management. The measures that are currently listed for implementation through Fisheries Management are: 
- unlimited catch (number of specimens) of the species in the areas where the species is present;
- no time and measurment limitiation for fishing (catchment) of the species;
 - the species is allowed to be fished throughout the year and at all sizes/ages.

These measures are long term and will be continuously implemented with the adoption of Fisheries Managament plans; their adoption is forseen by the end of 2019 and will have a 6 year cycle. Even though the plans are not adopted yet, the listed measures are included in the adopted long - term National Fisheries plan (till 2021) that is tha basis for Fisheries Management plans. Untill the adoption of more detailed plans these measures are a recommendation and already partly in implementation. Since the plans are not adopted yet, the ending date for the measures is listed as "till the end of 2021" (end period of long - term adopted National Fisheris Programme), but in practice the fisheries management measures will be without time limitation (no end date).
In 2017 a raising awarness action with Fishing clubs was performed in the framework of the project LIFE for LASCA (LIFE 16/NAT/SI/000644), with the goal of raising awarness regarding problematics of invasive alien species.
Besides the fisheries management measures mentioned above, the implementation of measures for controling the population of Orconectes limosus in the location of established naturalized population started in 2017. In this year different catchment methods were tested. With different methods tested, more comprehensive elimination with the combination of electrofishing, manual catching and the use of crayfish traps started in 2018. Since more intensive elimination of crayfish started in the season of 2018 there are no data on trend of population available yet. In 2017 and 2018, 1925 specimes were removed. In 2019, a LIFE Integrated project  NATURA.SI (LIFE17 IPE/SI/000011) started, which envolves the action of removal of specimens of the species  with the aim of controling the spread of the species in nearby Natura 2000 area with stone crayfish (Austropotamobius torrentium) as quallifying species. The project will end in december 2026.


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The actions have taken place in Landscape Sečoveljske Soline and Škocjanski zatok Nature Reserve. One specimen of Trachemys scripta has been removed from the nature in Sečoveljske Soline in 2018. Management measures for Trachemys scripta in the Škocjanski Zatok Nature Reserve have taken place since 2015 and 45 specimens has been caught and removed from the nature since 2015. Management plan for further actions in the Škocjanski Zatok Nature Reserve has been prepared in 2018. Measures are still ongoing with undetermined end date.


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The species was part of an eradication project, but not found at the location. The population will be sought after again in 2019.


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Measure is ongoing. An attempt on eradication by blocking sunligt for the plants will start summer 2019 and the population will be under surveillance over the next few years. Impact on other organisms is unknown at the moment.


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In Slovenia, freshwater indigenous species of crayfish are considered as fishing resources and are consequently a subject of fisheries management. The measures that are currently listed for implementation through Fisheries Management are: 
- unlimited catch (number of specimens) of the species in the areas where the species is present;
- no time and measurment limitiation for fishing (catchment) of the species - the species is allowed to be fished throughout the year and at all sizes/ages;
-  the species is allowed to be fished throughout the year and at all sizes/ages.
These measures are long term and will be continuously implemented (no end date limitation) with the adoption of Fisheries Managament plans; their adoption is forseen by the end of 2019 and will have a 6 year cycle. Even though the plans are not adopted yet, the listed measures are included in the adopted long - term National Fisheries plan (till 2021) that is the basis for Fisheries Management plans. Untill the adoption of more detailed plans these measures are a recommendation and already partly in implementation. Since the plans are not adopted yet, an end date of the measures is listed as "till the end of 2021" (end period of long - term adopted National Fisheris Programme), but in practice the fisheries management measures will be without time limitation (no end date).

In 2017, a raising awarness action with the Fishing clubs was performed in the framework of the project LIFE for LASCA (LIFE 16/NAT/SI/000644), with the goal of raising awarness regarding problematics of invasive alien species.


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Implemented rapid eradication measures regarding the release of Procambarus clarkii on Lopata gas station:
- performance of intervention catch with electrofishing, manual checking and placing crayfish traps;
- placement of iron nets on the outflows of the draining pond at the end of the parking lot and on all the outlets of the drainage system;
- open drainage trenches covered with grass around the gas station were cut down  in order to improve visibility;
- immediate placement of crayfish traps inside the draining pond with the aim of elimination of possibly present individuals of P.clarkii;
- implementation of high electric shocks (600 V, 20 A) with the goal to destroy possibly present individuals inside the pond;
- placement of the nets around the pond to prevent possible migrations of crayfish from the pond to surrounding area on land;
- implementation of high temeprature steaming of the drainage system underneath the parking lot of the gas station with the goal to destroy posibbly present individuals in the pipes;
- examination of drainage system pipes with pipe robot camera;
- establishment of monitoring of the surrounding watercourses and wet areas;
- implementation of e-DNA monitoring of the selected areas in Slovenia for the species.


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Municipalities in Denmark has actionsplan against the giant hogweed. In 2017 a new law was passed which allows municipalities to eradicate giant hog weed on private land and send the bill to owner. The national eradication does not have an end date.


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Management measures for Pseudorasbora parva so far derive from national legislation (Nature Conservation legislation, Freshwater Fisheries legislation). These measures are:
- ban of settlement of indigenous species;
- ban of breeding of invasive alien species;
- ban of transfering fish species between river basins;
- allowed catchment of invasive alien fish species of all sizes (no minimum size limitations) through the whole year (no time limitations);
- ban of stocking invasive alien fish species.
In 2015 The National Programme of fish management  for 12 year period was adopted. The Programme includes goals and measures also for invasive fish species. Additional measures deriving from this  Programme are:
- establishment of more strict control with stocking of non salmonid fish from polyculture ponds;
- unlimited catchment of invasive alien fish species (no limitiations in number if caught fish per day);
- mandatory catchment of invasive fish species during fishing;
- more strict control of cyprinid fish farms;
- elimination of invasive alien fish species during sport fishing, fishing events (competitions), when performing intervent catchments (managers of fisheries districts - fishing clubs), when performing ichtyological samplings (proffesional institutions , researchers). 
Measures listed above will be determined in more detailed Fisheries management plans. These measures are long term and will be continuously implemented (no end date limitation) with the adoption of Fisheries Managament plans; their adoption is forseen by the end of 2019 and will have a 6 year cycle. Even though the plans are not adopted yet, the listed measures are included in the adopted long - term National Fisheries plan (till 2021) that is the basis for Fisheries Management plans. Untill the adoption of more detailed plans these measures are a recommendation and already partly in implementation. Since the plans are not adopted yet, an end date for the measures "till the end of 2021" is listed (end period of long - term adopted National Fisheris Programme), but in practice the fisheries management measures will be without time limitation (no end date).

 In 2017, a raising awarness action with the FIshing Clubs in the framework of the project LIFE for LASCA (LIFE 16/NAT/SI/000644) was performed, with the goal of raising awarness regarding problematics of invasive alien species.


addInfo:
Near Strunjan, one plant has been observed in a dense foliage cover near the road. Plant has been present in the area at least since 2013 as it can be seen on the Google street view which has been recorded in the year 2013. Eradication of the kudzu plant took place on 12.12.2018. Kudzu at the location near Dekani has covered the area of 1500 square metres. Eradication of the species took place in December 2018. Monitoring of the site will continue in the 2019 to see if the removal method was successful.


addInfo:
The action has taken place in Vipavska dolina - accumulation Vogršček and Renski okljuki. 52 specimens of Trachemys scripta has been removed from the nature in 2018 and euthanized by the vet. The action is a part of the project VIPava (co-financed by the EU and The Republic of Slovenia). Measures are still ongoing with undetermined end date.


addInfo:
The action has taken place in Landscape Ljubljansko Barje. 11 specimens of Trachemys scripta has been removed from the nature in 2018 and euthanized by the vet. The action is a part of the project PoLJUBA (co-financed by the EU and The Republic of Slovenia). Measures are still ongoing with undetermined end date.


addInfo:
Temporary commercial use of signal crayfish was allowed in 2018 under restrictions for both the fisher and the buyer of signal crayfish. Only one person used the formulas for selling signal crayfish. The scheme has been evaluated and will continue from 2019 to 2021 under different control measures.


addInfo:
2 marble crayfish was caught. More marble cray fish has since been extensively sought after and not found. The river will be under surveillance over the summer.


addInfo:
Registered oberservations of racoons are eradicated. Still under 25 individuals a year.


addInfo:
An Individual had escaped a nearby zoo and was eradicated


addInfo:
Mangament measures delpoyed on Lough Arrow under the CANN INterreg project: http://www.newrymournedown.org/the-cann-project. 
Control measures delpoyed are use of jute matting to act as a physcial barrier to growth of Elodea nuttallii. Approximatley a 3,500 meters squared area is under control. It is too early yet in the control programme to determine the population trend.
Biosecurity training to prevent further introduction and spread has been delivered to Lough Arrow stakeholders. 
Management measures are ongoing with an undetermined end date.


addInfo:
One animal removed from the river and taken into captivity.


addInfo:
Information on impacted non-target species if there are any has not been collated yet.
The Invasive Alien Plants Project, a joint initiative between Transport Infrastructure Ireland and the Department of Transport, Tourism and Sport (DTAS) is a 5.5 million Euro project aimed at eradicating invasive Gunnera tinctoria and other invasive plants on the national road network and where they intersect with regional roads.  For treatment contractors, whether ‘eradication’ of Japanese and other knotweed species and Gunnera tinctoria has been achieved will be determined after the growing season in the fourth year has finished.
The project is implemented in a phased basis and on a regional scale. Local Authorities can draw down on the funds through a framework of competitive tendering for call-off contracts. 
The end date given is indicative of the end date of the final phase but this is not confirmed.

populationName:
National Roads Invasive Alien Plants Project


addInfo:
Eradication measures were carried out as part of the DuhallowLIFE (SAMOK) project on the Allow catchment incorporating the tributaries of the Dalua, Rampart and Brogeen.
Approximately 7,500 meters square of Impatiens glandulifera was successfully eradicated from 5 kilometers of riaprian habitat.
The cost of eradication including personnel, travel & subsistence and consumables was 130,523 Euro.
 A full technical report on the removal and monitoring of Impatiems glandulifera from the Allow catchment is available from: https://www.duhallowlife.com/ird-duhallow-life/himalayan-balsam-report-final


addInfo:
Eradication measures apply to the Blackwater Catchment (Munster)- incorporating the Upper Blackwater from source, downstream as far as confluence with Owentaraglin.
End date for eradication measures are undetermined.
Eradication measures are by hand-pulling of the plants.
Funding of this work is from a RAPTORLIFE project covering both the Blackwater catchment and the Owentaraglin catchment with total cost for Impatiens glandulifera control to date being €338,048. As the level of infestation and input into control is approximately equal for both catchements, a cost of €169,024 cost of eradication including personnel, travel & subsistence and consumables to date is given for this site.
Further information on the RAPTORLIFE project is available from: https://www.duhallowlife.com/raptor-life/about-raptor-life-project


addInfo:
Sciurus carolinensis was widespread and abundant and under management measures prior to 2015. Various managment measures are in place for different populations across Ireland. Reporting on the measures on a site/population basis was not feasible for this reporting period but overview details at the national level are given. There is an undetermined end date for management measures at the national scale.
Between 2015 and 2018 population control measures have taken place. A combination of measures have been used including shooting, and trapping and shooting/cervical dislocation. These measures would have been inplemented by Forest owners, Local Authorities and the National Association of Regional Games Council. Anecdotally, it is also reported that some private property owners have employed the services of pest control companies to remove Sciurus carolinensis from their gardens.


addInfo:
The animal was removed form the site by hand and placed in captivity with a rescue centre by the recorder.


addInfo:
Mimo spadku liczebności gatunku w miejscach zwalczania to w skali całego kraju jego populacja rośnie. Występuje we wszystkich regionach Polski, obserwowany na ponad 100 stanowiskach liczących więcej niż 100 osobników. W przeciągu ostatnich 20 lat stwierdzono wiele nowych stanowisk gatunku, możliwe, że nadal nie jest odróżniany od pokrewnego barszczu Sosnowskiego (Heracleum sosnowskyi). W skali lokalnej, gatunek zwiększa zasięg populacji przez tworzenie dużej liczby młodych osobników i zasobnego banku nasion. Po przedostaniu się na tereny nadrzeczne, rozszerza potencjalny zasięg inwazji na całą dolinę w dół rzeki. W okresie wysiewu nasion, występowanie silnych wiatrów może przyczynić się do powstania spontanicznych stanowisk gatunku w promieniu wielu kilometrów.


addInfo:
Mimo spadku liczebności gatunku w miejscach zwalczania to w skali całego kraju jego populacja rośnie. Występuje we wszystkich regionach Polski, obserwowany na ponad 100 stanowiskach liczących więcej niż 100 osobników. W przeciągu ostatnich 20 lat stwierdzono wiele nowych stanowisk gatunku, możliwe, że nadal nie jest odróżniany od pokrewnego barszczu Mantegazziego (Heracleum mantegazzianum). W skali lokalnej, gatunek zwiększa zasięg populacji przez tworzenie dużej liczby młodych osobników i zasobnego banku nasion. Po przedostaniu się na tereny nadrzeczne, rozszerza potencjalny zasięg inwazji na całą dolinę w dół rzeki. W okresie wysiewu nasion, występowanie silnych wiatrów może przyczynić się do powstania spontanicznych stanowisk gatunku w promieniu wielu kilometrów.


addInfo:
Land owner- The Latvian State Roads. Eradication measures ~255 ha 
Eradication methods used: other- combined 
Eradication will be applied until full eradication


addInfo:
Eradication methods used: other- combined 
Eradication will be applied until full eradication
Land owner ir responsible for implementation of eradiction measures, municapalities for control and coordination if land owner is not implementing eradiction measures, State Plant Protection Service for overall managment and monitoring. System to collect and acumulate information on implemented management measures is not established therefore information is given only about some teritories (Population 1.-16.).


addInfo:
W Polsce działania ograniczające populacje gatunku podejmowano w parkach krajobrazowych – np. w Zespole Nadmorskich Parków Krajobrazowych oraz w rejonie lub w samych parkach narodowych – Biebrzańskim, Kampinoskim, Karkonoskim i Wigierskim. Przy czym w ostatnim z wymienionych parków działania przeprowadzono na największą skalę w ramach projektu finansowanego ze środków Life. Zwalczanie realizowano bez użycia środków chemicznych – wyrywając rośliny kilka razy w roku, a w miejscach gdzie wyrywanie mogło naruszyć spójność gleby i doprowadzić do erozji, stosowano koszenie. Zabiegi przeprowadzano w różnych stadiach rozwojowych roślin, przed okresem zakwitania osobników gatunku i zawiązywania przez nie owoców. Wyrwane okazy lub ścięte części roślin usuwano poza miejsca ich występowania. Pozyskiwaną w ten sposób biomasę utylizowano w specjalnie przygotowanych miejscach kompostowania, zaopatrzonych w betonowe płyty. Uzyskane efekty są bardzo zadowalające – dla przykładu w rejonie miejscowości Sobolewo udało się całkowicie zlikwidować populację niecierpka gruczołowatego w dolinie Czarnej Hańczy. W celu zapewnienia trwałości efektów przeprowadzonych działań, poprzez zabezpieczenie tego terenu przed ponownym napływem nasion, podjęto starania na rzecz eliminacji gatunku z miejsc znajdujących się powyżej odcinka, na którym wykonano zabiegi. 

Mimo spadku liczebności gatunku w miejscach zwalczania to w skali całego kraju jego populacja rośnie. Na podstawie studiów, w których porównywano sytuację gatunku na przestrzeni kilkudziesięciu lat, przeprowadzonych dla polskiej części Karpat i ich przedpola, można stwierdzić, że w ostatnich latach niecierpek gruczołowaty wykazywał duże tempo zajmowania nowych stanowisk i zwiększania zajmowanego areału. Do podobnych wniosków można dojść, analizując obecną sytuację tego gatunku na obszarach niezajętych lub zajętych tylko w niewielkim stopniu w drugiej połowie XX w., do których należy Polska północno-wschodnia, czy też obszar Pomorza Zachodniego. Ogólnie ocenia się, że w ciągu ostatnich 20 lat liczba zajętych dotychczas stanowisk lub/i powierzchni zwartego zasięgu populacji lub/i liczebności populacji lub/i stwierdzeń osobników zwiększyła co najmniej o 1/3.


# eu_partTerritoryNUTS

name:
RÉGION DE BRUXELLES-CAPITALE/BRUSSELS HOOFDSTEDELIJK GEWEST


# eu_partTerritoryRiverBasinSubunit

name:
L'Adour, la Garonne, la Dordogne, la Charente et les cours d'eau côtiers charentais et aquitains


name:
Le Rhône et les cours d'eau côtiers méditerranéens


name:
La Loire, les cours d'eau côtiers vendéens et bretons


name:
Hungarian part of the Danube River Basin District - Danube


name:
Elbe - Ohre, lower Elbe and other tributaries of the Elbe


name:
L'Escaut, la Somme et les cours d'eau côtiers de la Manche et de la mer du Nord


name:
La Seine et les cours d'eau côtiers normands


# eu_species

addInfoSpecies:
Okoliczności pojawiania się trawianki w Polsce są nieznane. Gatunek przypuszczalnie został zawleczony z materiałem zarybieniowym azjatyckich ryb karpiowatych, choć nie można wykluczyć wypuszczenia przez akwarystów.
Gatunek szeroko rozprzestrzeniony o wysokim tempie wzrostu populacji. Wciągu ostatnich 20 lat, od czasu pierwszego stwierdzenia w 1993 r. zdołał zasiedlić wiele stanowisk w Wiśle (od ujścia do okolic Krakowa), a ponadto jej dopływach (np. w Bugu, Pilicy, Bzurze), obecny jest w wielu starorzeczach, stawach hodowlanych. Ostatnio stwierdzono również jego obecność w dorzeczu Odry – w dopływie Warty. Uznaje się zatem, że jest to gatunek silnie ekspansywny.

addInfoInspections:
Kontrola na podstawie analizy sprawozdania z realizacji zezwolenia. Zgodnie ze sprawozdaniem z 29.01.2018 od 15 osobników trawianki uzyskano 50 szt. narybku. Zgodnie ze sprawozdaniem z 14.01.2019 w 2018 r. pozyskano 10 osobników trawianki i uzyskano 150 larw trawianki.

addInfoPermits:
Zezwolenie na rozmnażanie i przetrzymywanie osobników w celu prowadzenia badań naukowych nad biologią rozrodu obcych inwazyjnych gatunków ryb, bytujących w środkowym biegu Wisły oraz ocenie ich wpływu na współbytujące taksony rodzime. Ryby objęte zezwoleniem zostały odłowione ze środowiska naturalnego.


addInfoSpecies:
Jedyny znany przypadek stwierdzenia tego gatunku w naturze dotyczy rzeki Samicy w Wielkopolsce, gdzie w 2014 r. odłowiono jednego osobnika tego gatunku. Nie ma jednak przesłanek, aby odbywał tam rozród, a autor obserwacji przypisuje ją raczej jednorazowemu wypuszczeniu z akwarium (w tym samym czasie odłowił tam australijski gatunek raka Cherax quadricarinatus). Nie są obecnie dostępne inne dane na temat występowania tego gatunku w Polsce. Brak obecnie przesłanek, że gatunek w Polsce tworzy populacje.


addInfoSpecies:
Gatunek stwierdzono w środowisku przyrodniczym w Polsce dwukrotnie - w 2009 i 2010 r. Oba stwierdzenia miały miejsce w Szczecinie. Zaobserwowane osobniki pochodziły najprawdopodobniej z hodowli akwariowej, a ich obecność w wodzie mogła wynikać z wypuszczenia raków z akwarium.


addInfoSpecies:
Gatunek został celowo sprowadzony do Europy i wprowadzony poza zasięg naturalnego występowania. Introdukcje miały miejsce w latach 30. ubiegłego wieku, zarówno na zachód, jak i na wschód od granic Polski: w Niemczech i Rosji. Z tych rejonów gatunek zaczął rozszerzać areał występowania i kolonizować nowe tereny. Większość introdukcji szopa pracza we wschodniej Europie zakończyła się niepowodzeniem. W zachodniej i środkowej części kontynentu szop utworzył jednak dziko żyjącą populację, adaptował się do warunków europejskich, a tempo ekspansji wzrosło na przestrzeni ostatnich 30 lat. Szop występuje w Polsce od początku lat 90. XX wieku. Ciągły zasięg występowania szopa ograniczony jest przede wszystkim do zachodniej części kraju (województwa: lubuskie, zachodniopomorskie i dolnośląskie), ekspansja na pozostałą cześć Polski przebiega stosunkowo wolno. Szopy kolonizują również pozostałą cześć Polski, w tempie 80-100 km/5 lat. W centralnej i wschodniej Polsce sporadycznie stwierdzano występowanie szopa w różnych miejscach Polski, co może wskazywać, że szopy skolonizowały już prawie cały obszar kraju, jednak w tych rejonach zasięg występowania szopów nie jest ciągły.


addInfoSpecies:
Czebaczek amurski jest gatunkiem notowanym niemal na całym obszarze Polski. Nie stwierdzono jego występowania jedynie w północnych rejonach kraju. Rozprzestrzenianie się czebaczka amurskiego w Polsce odbywa się głównie przy udziale człowieka. Stanowiska, na których stwierdzany jest ten gatunek to przede wszystkim stawy hodowlane oraz związane z nimi rzeki. 
Czebaczek amurski został zawleczony przez człowieka do Polski wraz z importowanym z Węgier materiałem zarybieniowym azjatyckich ryb roślinożernych, głównie tołpygi pstrej (Aristichthys nobilis) i tołpygi białej (Hypophathalmichthys molitrix). Po raz pierwszy zauważono go w październiku 1990 roku podczas opróżniania stawu hodowlanego w ośrodku hodowli ryb Stawno nieopodal Milicza. Wiek odłowionych osobników wskazywał, że czebaczek amurski był tam obecny prawdopodobnie od 1987 roku. Od tego czasu w szybkim tempie przybywało stanowisk, na których stwierdzany był ten gatunek w Polsce. Liczba kolejnych stwierdzeń przedstawia się następująco: do 1993 roku – 10; do 1996 roku – 14; do 1999 roku – 27; do 2002 roku – 38; do 2005 roku – 43; do 2008 roku – 51. Obecnie gatunek ten jest szeroko rozprzestrzeniony w naszym kraju, głównie w środkowych i nizinnych regionach, gdzie zasiedla stawy hodowlane, drobne zbiorniki, jeziora oraz rzeki – w tym również małe cieki i rowy melioracyjne. Jego ekspansji sprzyja połączenie kanałami systemów rzecznych. Sprzyjają temu również wędkarze, bowiem czebaczek amurski bywa stosowany jako żywa przynęta do połowu ryb drapieżnych. Szybką ekspansję umożliwiają temu gatunkowi niewielkie rozmiary ciała, duże zdolności adaptacyjne, krótki cykl życiowy, zasiedlanie ukrytych miejsc (wśród roślinności), zdolność do rozrodu na różnych substratach, wielomiotowość, sprawowanie opieki nad złożoną ikrą.


addInfoSpecies:
Ibisy czczone były sporadycznie obserwowane na terenie Polski (ok. 8 znanych stwierdzeń w latach 1993-2010: w 1993 r. – 1 obserwacja; 2001 r. – 3 obserwacje; 2006 r. – 1 obserwacja; 2009 r. – co najmniej 8 obserwacji najprawdopodobniej tych samych 2 osobników, później jednego z nich; 2010 r. – 2 obserwacje). Obserwowano najczęściej pojedyncze osobniki, jedynie w 2009 r. obserwacje dotyczyły 2 osobników. Ibisy czczone były obserwowane na terenie województwa łódzkiego, w powiatach: łódzkim wschodnim i sieradzkim; województwa małopolskiego, w powiatach: miechowskim i oświęcimskim; województwa pomorskiego, w powiatach: bytowskim i mieście Słupsk; województwa wielkopolskiego, w powiatach: kolskim, ostrowskim i tureckim. Komisja Faunistyczna Sekcji Ornitologicznej Polskiego Towarzystwa Zoologicznego klasyfikuje gatunek jako nie należący do awifauny krajowej, zaliczany do kategorii E (gatunki pochodzące z niewoli, a także zawleczone lub introdukowane, które nie utworzyły samodzielnie utrzymujących się populacji; pojaw nienaturalny). Ibis czczony nie rozmnaża się w Polsce.


addInfoSpecies:
Has started to spread in Latvia around 1960 and has now taken its ecological niche


addInfoSpecies:
Gatunek o ograniczonym zasięgu występowania w Polsce, nie tworzy w naszym kraju stabilnych populacji. Na większości stanowisk występują pojedyncze osobniki, rzadziej grupy liczące kilka żółwi. Rozprzestrzenienie gatunku jest wynikiem licznych introdukcji prowadzonych przez człowieka, a nie jego spontanicznej inwazji. Obecnie żółwie ozdobne stwierdzane są w zbiornikach i ciekach wodnych niemal w całej Polsce, z wyjątkiem północno-wschodniej części kraju. W bazie danych o występowaniu obcych gatunków żółwi w Polsce, prowadzonej przez PTOP „Salamandra”, żółwie ozdobne zgłoszono co najmniej z 313 miejsc. Najczęściej zgłaszanym podgatunkiem jest żółw czerwonolicy, którego obserwowano w 282 miejscach, następnie żółw żółtolicy, obserwowany w 28 miejscach i najrzadziej spotykany żółw żółtobrzuchy stwierdzony w 3 miejscach. Żółwie uwalniane są przede wszystkim do zbiorników wodnych położonych w miastach i do miejskich odcinków rzek. Nie brak jest jednak stwierdzeń w siedliskach naturalnych. Gatunek ten został stwierdzony co najmniej w 8 parkach narodowych (Wolińskim, PN Ujście Warty, Drawieńskim, Wielkopolskim, PN Gór Stołowych, Kampinoskim, Ojcowskim i Poleskim), a także w co najmniej 14 parkach krajobrazowych (Kaszubskim, Drawskim, Krzesińskim, Mazowieckim, Wdzydzkim, Trójmiejskim, Stobrawskim, Łagowskim, Gryżyńskim, Pszczewskim, Przemęckim, Gostynińsko-Włocławskim oraz PK Łuk Mużakowa i PK Pogórza Przemyskiego).
Brak jest danych na temat rozmnażania się gatunku w Polsce. Z półotwartych hodowli znanych jest jednak kilkanaście przypadków składania przez samicę żółwia czerwonolicego jaj, z których nie wylęgły się jednak młode.


addInfoSpecies:
Jak dotąd brak jakichkolwiek stwierdzeń szerszenia azjatyckiego w środowisku przyrodniczym Polski, a najbliższe znane stanowiska znajdują się w odległości ok. 500 km od granic naszego kraju, w południowo-zachodnich Niemczech.


addInfoSpecies:
Individuals are found in the whole territory of Latvia, but there is no information about reproduction in nature. In captivity in Latgales zoo eggs were laid. In nature mostly single individuals are found. Main reason why T.Scripta numbers in nature increase is pet release to nature. Also, subspecies (T. scripa scripta), which can breed with other subspecies (T.scripta elegans) and form hybrids are found.


addInfoSpecies:
1 bird record in 2014 in a wetland (reservoir). No records after 2015 during monthly wetland bird monitoring. A small number of birds kept in contained conditions in a zoo.


commonNameNational:
Αμερικανικός βουβαλοβάτραχος; Αμερικανικός γιγάντιος βάτραχος; Αμερικανικός ταυροβάτραχος


commonNameNational:
Κοϊπού; Μυοκάστορας; Μυοπόταμος; Νούτρια; Ποταμοαρουραίος


addInfoSpecies:
One female animal kept in a zoo. Species never recorded in the environment.

commonNameNational:
Κοάτι της νότιας Βραζιλίας; Νοτιοαμερικανικό κοάτι


commonNameNational:
Κεφαλούδι της Τζαμάικας; Αμερικανικό κεφαλούδι


addInfoSpecies:
1. INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION. Previous reports referred to recordings of species Cenchrus purpureus, Pennisetum setaceum or Pennisetum advena (=P.setaceum var. "Rubrum"). The survey carried out in Cyprus between November 2018 - May 2019 confirmed the presence of P. setaceum (identified by national experts). Based on our observations the species is found in disturbed sites (roadsides, sidewalks, or near houses). There is evidence for its presence in only 2 natural sites. The distribution map is attached in the relevant section of the report.
2. INFORMATION ON BIOLOGY/ECOLOGY. The fact that our observations recorded plants of multiple age classes indicates that reproduction occurs in Cyprus. No studies have been undertaken to determine the reproduction patterns of the species, although it is presumed that it reproduces both sexually and asexually according to our observations.
3. INFORMATION ON MANAGEMENT: A management plan was developed for the species in the end of 2018 which will be the basis for application of management measures.


addInfoSpecies:
1. INFORMATION ON OFFICIAL DETECTION: A total of 9 live specimens of P. clarkii imported from Thailand were confiscated on 26.10.18 at Larnaka BIP by the Veterinary Services and were destroyed by euthanization.
2. INFORMATION ON MANAGEMENT: A management plan was developed for the species in the end of 2017 which will be the basis for application of management measures.
2. iNFORMATION ON IMPACTS: Although no field study has been undertaken to assess the impacts of the species on native species during the reporting period, a laboratory study conducted in 2012 in Cyprus suggested negative impacts of Procambarus clarkii on the only native freshwated crab species Potamon potamios (protected species), through competition for shelter (agressiveness, domination in fights and shelter occupation). The study is published as: Savvides, Pantelis & Louca, Vasilis & Sfenthourakis, Spyros. (2015). Competition for shelter occupancy between a native freshwater crab and an invasive crayfish. Aquatic Ecology. 49. 10.1007/s10452-015-9522-7.

commonNameNational:
Αμερικανική Καραβίδα του γλυκού νερού; Βαλτογαρίδα


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A number of animals are kept by a zoo in contained conditions, or by private owners but the species is not present in the environment.


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The species was imported in the past via the pet trade industry. It is assumed that a small number of animals are still kept by private owners but there have been no records of the species in the environment.


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A small number of birds are kept in zoos under containment. The species is not present in the environment.


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INFORMATION ON PRESENCE: The species is established in the environment but is also kept by a zoo in containment and by private owners since it was the predominant turtle pet species imported and traded for years on the island before 2015. 
INFORMATION ON MANAGEMENT: A management plan was developed for the species in the end of 2017 which will be the basis for application of management measures.
INFORMATION ON IMPACTS: Although no ecological studies have been undertaken to assess impacts on native species, it is presumed that it competes with the native Mauremys rivulata in sites where they co-occur.

commonNameNational:
Αμερικανική νεροχελώνα του γλυκού νερού; Νεροχελώνα με τα κόκκινα μάγουλα; Νεροχελώνα με την κίτρινη κοιλιά


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Pas d'autorisations ni de contrôles d'établissements, du fait de la mise en place de la réglementation nationale en 2018, et d'un démarrage effectif en 2019


commonNameNational:
Baccharis à feuilles d’arroche;Séneçon en arbre


commonNameNational:
Éventail de Caroline;Cabomba de Caroline


commonNameNational:
Écureuil à ventre rouge;Écureuil de Pallas


commonNameNational:
élodée à feuilles étroites;élodée de Nuttall


commonNameNational:
Crabe chinois à mitaines;Crabe poilu de Shanghai;Crabe chinois


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Espèce présente uniquement en Martinique et Guadeloupe. Absente sur le territoire métropolitain.


commonNameNational:
Hydrocotyle fausse- renoncule;Hydrocotyle à feuilles de renoncule


commonNameNational:
Jussie;Jussie à petites fleurs;Jussie rampante


commonNameNational:
Sphaigne des marais jaune;Lysichite jaune;Lysichiton américain;Faux Arum jaune;Arum bananier


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La source d'introduction est un particulier autorisé à en détenir mais dont les conditions de captivité n'ont manifestement pas permis d'empêcher la fuite d'individus depuis de nombreuses années avant leur détection formelle en 2017. Depuis, cette source d'introduction est en voie de résorption par retrait des animaux captifs (parc boisé). 
Pas d'autorisations ni de contrôles d'établissements, du fait de la mise en place de la réglementation nationale en 2018, et d'un démarrage effectif en 2019


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Espèce présente sur l'ensemble de la France


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Espèce présente uniquement dans les parcs zoologiques, absente en nature. Présente à l'état naturel en Guyane française.

commonNameNational:
Quati (Guyane Française);Quatimundé (Guyane Française);Coati brun;Kwasi kwasi (Guyane Française);Coachi;Couasi (Guyane Française);Coati roux;Kwasi kaanu (Guyane Française);Kouachi (Guyane Française);Siyeu (Guyane Française)


commonNameNational:
Écrevisse de Californie ;Écrevisse signal ;Écrevisse du Pacifique


commonNameNational:
Camomille z'oiseaux (La Réunion);Camomie (La Réunion);Grande camomille;Camomille balais (La Réunion);Herbe blanche (La Réunion)


commonNameNational:
Herbe aux ecouvillons Rouge;Pennisetum soyeux pourpre


commonNameNational:
Écrevisse rouge des marais ;Écrevisse rouge de Louisiane ;Écrevisse de Louisiane


commonNameNational:
Rat de Corée;Écureuil de Corée;Écureuil japonais;Tamia de Sibérie


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Management measures are defined in annex 2a of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as as follow: mechanical (small-scale occurrence), chemical (widely spread) and combined (widely spread).


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Only one recorded specimen in 2013. There is no evidence of further presence.


addInfoSpecies:
Only one specimen was recorded in 2017. It was eradicated on the spot.


addInfoSpecies:
Management measures are defined in annex 2a of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: mechanical (small-scale occurrence), chemical (widely spread) and combined (widely spread).


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Originally spread from fur farms. Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild or hunting. Management measures must follow the Act No. 274/2009 Coll. on Hunting.


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Spread of this species may be accompanied by the spread of the pathogen Aphanomyses astaci, which threatens the populations of native crayfish. Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild. Management measures must follow the Act No. 216/2018 on Fisheries.


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Only one specimen was recorded in 2013 and one in 2015 (both female). Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild.


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Common in the East Slovakia lowland. Has negative impact on Umbra krameri. Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild. Management measures must follow the Act No. 216/2018 on Fisheries.


commonNameNational:
horčiak (Marhold et Hindák 1998)   only name of the genus


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Spread of this species may be accompanied by the spread of the pathogen Aphanomyses astaci, which threatens the populations of native crayfish.


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Before 2015 there were some casual observations, they were probably escaped birds from zoos.


commonNameNational:
nijlgans [NL]; ouette d'Egypt [FR]; Nilgans [DE]


commonNameNational:
alligatorkruid [NL]; herbe à alligator [FR]; Alligatorkraut [DE]


commonNameNational:
Zijdeplant [NL]; Asclépiade de Syrie [FR]; Gewöhnliche Seidenpflanze [DE]


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d: Although we have no clear numbers, the species may still have planted right after 2015 for erosion control in dune ecosystems

commonNameNational:
Struikaster [NL]; Baccharis à feuilles d’arroche [FR]; Kreuzstrauch [DE]


commonNameNational:
waterwaaier [NL]; cabomba de Caroline [FR]; Karolina-Haarnixe [DE]


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1 potential observation in 2016 that was never seen again 
A feral population (zoo escapees) has been eradicated in Dadizele before entry in force of list 1

commonNameNational:
pallaseekhoorn [NL]; écureuil de Pallas [FR]; Pallas-Schönhörnchen [DE]


commonNameNational:
huiskraai [NL]; corbeau familier [FR]; Glanzkrähe [DE]


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Casual observations of the species. As the species dies dies in winter, it is not managed.

commonNameNational:
Waterhyacint [NL]; Jacinthe d’eau [FR]; Wasserhyazinthe [DE]


commonNameNational:
smalle waterpest [NL]; élodée à feuilles étroites [FR]; Schmalblättrige Wasserpest [DE]


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-c: ballast water
-Addition to distribution map: known as planktonic stage in the N-Sea

commonNameNational:
chinese wolhandkrab [NL]; crabe chinois [FR]; Wollhandkrabbe [DE]


commonNameNational:
gewone gunnera [NL]; Rhubarbe géante de Chili [FR]; Chilenischer Riesenrhabarber [DE]


commonNameNational:
reuzenberenklauw [NL]; Berce du Caucase [FR]; Riesenbärenklau [DE]


commonNameNational:
perzische berenklauw [NL]; berce de Perse [FR]; Persischer Bärenklau [DE]


commonNameNational:
sosnowsky's berenklauw [NL]; Berce de Sosnowski [FR]; Sosnowskyi Bärenklau [DE]


commonNameNational:
Indische mangouste [NL]; mangouste de Java [FR]; Kleiner Mungo [DE]


commonNameNational:
grote waternavel [NL]; hydrocotyle fausse-renoncule [FR]; Großer Wassernabel [DE]


addInfoSpecies:
no evidence of "b", but invasion level in neighboring countries very high; d: beekeepers planting the species in nature around the hives

commonNameNational:
reuzenbalsemien [NL]; balsamine de l’Himalaya [FR]; Drüsiges Springkraut [DE]


commonNameNational:
verspreidbladige waterpest [NL]; élodée à feuilles alternes [FR]; Wechselblatt-Wasserpest  [DE]


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e: not in trade anymore since a long time so presumably new population is the result of translocation
g: fishstocking

addInfoInspections:
As the research granted by the permit was commissioned by the competent authority itself, compliance with the permit was closely supervised in ways other than inspections.

addInfoPermits:
The permits have been issued for research on the control of bullfrog populations, in light of the Regulation.

commonNameNational:
Amerikaanse stierkikker [NL]; grenouille taureau [FR]; Amerikanischer Ochsenfrosch [DE]


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-Invasion level in neighbouring countries is rather high and the plant is often found along transboundary watercourses and waterbodies; new entries in TO+1 maps probably from spread because : 1) the species was included in the Belgian project Alterias (project with horticulture sector) and thus not sold anymore, and 2) new gridsquares are next to known gridsquares;
-Plant found in transboundary canals and water courses (France), but no direct evidence of entry

commonNameNational:
grote waterteunisbloem [NL]; jussie à grandes fleurs [FR]; Großblütiges Heusenkraut [DE]


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-Plant found in transboundary canals and water courses (France), but no direct evidence for entry

commonNameNational:
kleine waterteunisbloem [NL]; jussie rampante [FR]; Flutendes Heusenkraut [DE]


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Often planted in parks and botanical garden before entry in force of the Regulation.

commonNameNational:
moerasaronskelk [NL]; faux arum [FR]; Gelbe Scheincalla [DE]


commonNameNational:
Japans steltgras [NL]; herbe à échasses japonaise [FR]; Japanisches Stelzengras [DE]


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d, h: Released for hunting, culprits found

commonNameNational:
Chinese muntjak [NL]; muntjac de Chine [FR]; Chinesischer Muntjak [DE]


commonNameNational:
beverrat [NL]; ragondin [FR]; Nutria [DE]


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Asexual: only one gender of the plant is present

commonNameNational:
parelvederkruid [NL]; myriophylle du Brésil [FR]; Brasilianisches Tausendblatt [DE]


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c: new populations were discovered in Nassonge and Floreffe, they were introduced by humans 
I: natural spread seems rather limited hitherto

commonNameNational:
ongelijkbladig vederkruid [NL]; Myriophylle hétérophylle [FR]; Verschiedenblättriges Tausendblatt [DE]


commonNameNational:
Rode neusbeer [NL]; Coati brun [FR], Roter Nasenbär [DE]


commonNameNational:
muskusrat [NL]; rat musqué [FR]; Bisam [DE]


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Reason of absence of management: 
The species is widespread in Belgium and present in most watercourses and many private ponds. Given the species is very widespread, and the low feasibility of management, applying control programs (other than actions on pathways) for this species is not considered cost-effective.  Therefore, control actions have therefore not (yet) been undertaken.

commonNameNational:
gevlekte Amerikaanse rivierkreeft [NL]; écrevisse américaine [FR]; Kamberkrebs [DE]


commonNameNational:
geknobbelde Amerikaanse rivierkreeft [NL]; écrevisse à pinces bleues [FR]; Viril-Flusskrebs [DE]


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b: from NL ; sexual (a): irregular breeder but control actions kill offspring

commonNameNational:
rosse stekelstaart [NL]; érismature rousse [FR]; Schwarzkopf-Ruderente [DE]


addInfoSpecies:
h: aquaculture
Absence of management: 
Relative to other Union list species, P. leniusculus is considered of low priority both in terms of impact and feasibility of control. Control actions have therefore not (yet) been undertaken. It is a widespread species and can be found in rivers and ponds.

commonNameNational:
Californische rivierkreeft [NL]; écrevisse signal [FR]; Signalkrebs [DE]


commonNameNational:
schijnambrosia [NL]; fausse camomille [FR]; Karottenkraut [DE]


commonNameNational:
fraai lampenpoetsersgras [NL]; herbe aux écouvillons pourpres [FR]; Afrikanisches Lampenputzergras [DE]


commonNameNational:
amoergrondel [NL]; goujon de l’Amour [FR]; Amurgrundel [DE]


commonNameNational:
gestekelde duizendknoop [NL]; , renouée perfoliée [FR]; Durchwachsener Knöterich [DE]


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In Wallonia, populations are known in private ponds, but they require specific agreements with the owners. Tests were done to develop traps as other methods of management (such as drainage of the pond) are very intrusive for owners.

commonNameNational:
rode Amerikaanse rivierkreeft [NL]; écrevisse de Louisiane [FR]; Roter Amerikanischer Sumpfkrebs [DE]


commonNameNational:
marmerkreeft [NL]; écrevisse marbrée [FR]; Marmorkrebs [DE]


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b: Immigration from Germany, Luxemburg and France
c: proof of escapes in Flanders

commonNameNational:
wasbeer [NL]; raton laveur [FR]; Waschbär [DE]


addInfoSpecies:
Contaminant of fish stocking (c) but no evidence

Justification of no management: 
- The species is widely distributed in watercourses throughout the country.   Relative to other Union list species, P. parva is considered of low priority both in terms of impact and the feasibility of control (there is no cost-effective way to manage the species). Control actions have therefore not (yet) been undertaken.

commonNameNational:
blauwbandgrondel [NL]; goujon asiatique [FR]; Blaubandbärbling [DE]


commonNameNational:
grijze eekhoorn [NL]; écureuil gris, [FR]; Grauhörnchen [DE]


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1 individual was sighted in 2014 and destroyed at the start of 2015.

commonNameNational:
Amerikaanse voseekhoorn [NL]; écureuil fauve [FR]; Fuchshörnchen [DE]


addInfoSpecies:
Common in the lowlands. Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild. Management measures must follow the Act No. 216/2018 on Fisheries. Have negative impact on native Leucaspius delineatus.


addInfoSpecies:
Management measures are defined in annex 2 of Decree No. 24/2003 Coll. as follow: taking in the wild. Found specimen must be transported to National ZOO Bojnice. Possession of the species was prohibited under Act no. 15/2005 Coll. on CITES


addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued two permits. The first one has been issued to the Parque Isabela Católica and it started on 2nd November 2011 (one specimen). The other one has been issued to the Zoo NZ-0-34-19 and it started on 11th October 2012  (two specimens). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.


commonNameNational:
Bácaris;Carqueja;Chilca de hoja de orzaga;Chilca


addInfoSpecies:
In 2004, the only known population in Asturias was eradicated. 
In the Valencian Community the species has been eradicated as well. The mechanical-physical methods used for the control of E. crassipes consisted of hand removal, assisted by manually operated tools (such as pitchforks, rakes or dip nets). The eradication works have lasted for eight years starting in 2007 until 2014, with annual preventive monitoring actions to date. It has been performed in three localities: Castellón marshes, Algar River y Albaida River. 
In Andalusia the species was subject to rapid eradication after early detection (June 2010 to September 2010). The methodology applied was hand removal and the action was carried out two more times to eliminate isolated specimens or small individuals hidden on the banks.


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There is not much data. It seems like the species has not yet appeared in Spain although its similarity with Elodea canadensis does not allow to support it. Although it reproduces by seed and vegetatively (by means of stem fragments with the capacity to take root), in Europe it's entirely vegetative as there are no specimens with male flowers.


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In Andalusia, the species has been subject to management measures in Seville from 2005 until 2010. The entry pathways have not been controlled and the species is also found along the Guadalquivir estuary, an open area where it is very complicated to apply control measures.


commonNameNational:
bésame en la montaña;copa de cobre y perchero de gnomo;bálsamo del himalaya


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Detected in the area of the Parque Natural del Delta del Ebro in June 2018.


commonNameNational:
Aro de agua, Lisiquiton, Hierba fétida;Hierba fétida;Lisiquiton;Col de mofeta occidental


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Washington State's Department of Ecology (2003) states: "Virtually all M. aquaticum plants are female. Male plants are unknown outside of South America, so no seeds are produced in North American populations. Since M. aquaticum also lacks tubers or other specialized reproductive overwintering structures like turions, it spreads exclusively by plant fragments outside of its native range. Unlike Eurasian watermilfoil, M. aquaticum does not form autofragments. However, fragments can be formed mechanically and will readily root. With its tough rhizomes, M. aquaticum can be transported long distances on boat trailers. Rhizomes stored under moist conditions in a refrigerator survived for one year. (\"http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=401)
Detected in a cattle pond in Extremadura.  Apparently, the species has not been dispersed in five years.


addInfoSpecies:
Myriophyllum heterophyllum spreads primarily via clonal reproduction and fragmentation, seldom forming emergent heterophyllous flower-bearing stems, and does not generate a significant seedbank. Little is known about the reproductive biology of M. heterophyllum but many fertile specimens appear to contain viable seeds. Its stems serve as efficient organs for vegetative reproduction and their draping habit facilitates transport on boat trailers. Winter buds enable M. heterophyllum to overwinter in northern New Hampshire. http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=1700


addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued one permit. It hs been issued to the Zoological Park ES 330440004362 and it started on 2nd November 2011 (five specimens). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.


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Subject to rapid eradication by shooting in Andalusia after early detection (from 01/06/1991 to 31/05/2003)


addInfoSpecies:
Subject to rapid eradication by shooting in Andalusia after early detection. The species was eradicated from Andalusia in 2010 by shooting.

addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued one permit. It has been issued to the Zoological Park NZ-0-51-2 and it started on 2nd November 2011 (two specimens). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.


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The species has been sold in aquarium shops before the legislation came into force, thus it is possible that it still exists in some home aquaria in Finland.


addInfoSpecies:
It spreads by watercourses.
In Asturias, the species was introduced in 2006 in the Nalón basin. 
In the Region of Murcia was detected for the first time in November 2015 in the Segura river basin. The entry was the result of an intentional or negligent release. An analysis of the situation of the stock of this species was carried out in 2017, as a previous stage to carrying out eradication or control measures. The species was detected for the first time in November 2015 in the Segura river basin.	
In Andalusia, management measures took place in Riofrío (Granada) between 2005 and 2013. The applied methodology was electrofishing, crab traps and artificial islands for shelter (to facilitate the capture in inaccessible areas). Its eradication was considered impossible. Otherwise, effective control has been maintained for years.

addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued one permit. The permit has been issued to the Zoological Park ES ES330240005673 and it started on 24th June 2016 (two specimens). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.

commonNameNational:
Cangrejo de California;Cangrejo señal;Cangrejo del Pacífico


addInfoSpecies:
Soil seed bank viable for up to 6 years. The species is able to re-sprout from the roots.
In the Region of Murcia, the species is planted in public and private gardens, source of spreading. The escaped specimens are located mainly on roadsides.


addInfoSpecies:
Spread by watercourses.
Species introduced in the county in the 60s. The species was introduced in Asturias in 1989 by fishermen.
In the Region of Murcia, studies about location have been carried out and proposals of actions and control have been initiated but no eradication program was undertaken.

addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued one permit. It has been issued to the Zoological Park ES330240005673 and it started on 24th June 2016 (two specimens). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.


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In the Valencian Community and Region de Murcia is considered an eradicated species.
A single specimen was captured in Extremadura without detecting more specimens until now.
In Catalonia, nowadays is unknown.

addInfoPermits:
The Government of the Principality of Asturias has issued two permits One of the permits has been issued to the Zoological Park ES 330440004362  and it started on 2nd November 2011 (two specimens). The other one has been issued to the Zoological Park NZ-0-34-19 and it started on 11th October 2012 (one specimen). The aim is to house specimens of this species coming from private owners to avoid their release in the environment.


addInfoSpecies:
Subject to rapid eradication by shooting in Andalusia after early detection. Species eradicated from Cádiz in 2013.


addInfoSpecies:
Nikolov B. 2017. Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin, 1789. Pp. 118-121. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf 
Nikolov B. 2017. Analysis of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern Oxyura jamaicensis Gmelin, 1789 in Bulgaria. ESENIAS-TOOLS Project, D-33-51/30.06.2015. (In Bulgarian)


addInfoSpecies:
Todorov M., Trichkova T., Hubenov Z. 2017. Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852). Pp. 82-85. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf
Todorov M., Trichkova T., Hubenov Z. 2017. Analysis of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) in Bulgaria. ESENIAS-TOOLS Project, D-33-51/30.06.2015. (In Bulgarian)


addInfoSpecies:
Reference:
Владимиров, В., Петрова, А., Георгиев, В., Цонева, С. 2017. Baccharis halimifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Persicaria perfoliata, Pueraria montana var. lobata. – В: Тричкова, Т, Владимиров, Вл., Томов, Р., Тодоров, М. (ред.). Атлас на инвазивните чужди видове от значение за Европейския съюз, ИБЕИ-БАН, ESENIAS, София, ISBN:978-954-9746-43-3.


addInfoSpecies:
The species is established in one localtion (first recorded in 1987). Most likely it was planted somewhere in the area of establishment for ornamental purposes and consequently escaped and established locally. The species reproduces by vegetative means and very likely also sexually but the latter has not been studied (respectively, proven) yet. Since the species is present by a road with heavy traffic, the grassy stripes along the road are regularly cut and this usually prevents formation of seeds. The latter fact probably explains why the species has not spread widely.


addInfoSpecies:
Trichkova T., Stefanov T. 2017. Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877. Pp. 98-101. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf


addInfoSpecies:
Trichkova T., Todorov M., Hubenov Z. 2017. Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852). Pp. 86-89. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf
Trichkova T., Todorov M., Hubenov Z. 2017. Analysis of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) in Bulgaria. ESENIAS-TOOLS Project, D-33-51/30.06.2015. (In Bulgarian)


addInfoSpecies:
Trichkova T., Todorov M., Hubenov Z. 2017. Procambarus fallax f. virginalis. Pp. 90-93. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf
Trichkova T., Todorov M., Hubenov Z. 2017. Analysis of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern Procambarus fallax f. virginalis in Bulgaria. ESENIAS-TOOLS Project, D-33-51/30.06.2015. (In Bulgarian)


addInfoSpecies:
Koshev Y., Nedyalkov N. 2017. Procyon lotor Linnaeus, 1758. Pp. 146-149. In: Trichkova T., Vladimirov V., Tomov R., Todorov M. (Eds.), Guide to invasive alien species of European Union Concern, IBER-BAS, ESENIAS, Sofia, 184 pp. (In Bulgarian) http://esenias.org/files/ESENIAS_Atlas_WEB.pdf
Koshev Y., Nedyalkov N. 2017. Analysis of pathways for introduction and spread of the invasive alien species of EU concern Procyon lotor Linnaeus, 1758, in Bulgaria. ESENIAS-TOOLS Project, D-33-51/30.06.2015. (In Bulgarian)


